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PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER
HISTORICAL SERIES
No. xn.
The Ejected of 1662
IN
Cumberland & Westmorland
Sherratt & Hughes
Publishers to the Victoria University of Manchester
Manchester: 34 Cross Street
London: 33 Soho Square, W.
Agents for the United States
Longmans, Green & Co.
443-449 Fourth Avenue, New York
^%
The Ejected of 1662
in
Cumberland & Westmorland
Their Predecessors and Successors
^
BY
B. NIGHTINGALE, M.A.
IN TWO VOLUMES
VOL. I.
1
MANCHESTER
At the University Press
1911
V
V^
( ^
\
\
University of Manchester Publications
No. LXII.
CONTENTS
Prhfacb
Abbreviations Explained
Principal Authorities Consulted
Chapter I. Brief Summary of the Period
,, II. The Area in Question
,, III. The Men and Their Story
PAGE
xi
XV
xvii
1
71
131
I
CUMBERLAND.
I . The Carlisle Group : —
1. Carlisle (St. Mary's and St. Cuthbert's)
2. Stanwix ...
3. Crosby-on-Eden
4. Wetheral and Warwick
5. Kirkandrews-on-Eden
6. Beaumont with Grinsdale
7. Burgh-by-sands
8. Great Orton
9. Dalston
II. The Brampton Group: —
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Brampton
Castle Carrock
Cumrew
Cumwhitton
Nether Denton
Farlam
Lanercost
Walton
Irthington
10. Hay ton
11. Stapleton
12. Scaleby
13. Bewcastle
14. Kirkandrews-on
15. Arthuret
16. Kirklinton
17. RoclifEe
Esk
133
188
199
207
216
218
223
227
234
249
262
268
271
274
277
278
282
283
285
2e8
290
292
297
302
307
314
vi Contents
PAGE
III, The Lazonbt Group: —
1 . Lazonby ... ... ■ ■ • •• ■ • • • 318
2. Hesket-in-the-Forest 327
3. Kirkoswald 331
4. Renwick ... ... ••• •■• ••• ••• 347
5. Addingham ... ... .. ... .•• ••■ 349
6. Great Salkeld 358
7. Melmerby .. ... ... ... ... ••■ 383
8. Ousby. 387
9. Kirkland 391
10. Alston 399
11. Ainstable 402
12. Croglin • .. 406
IV. The Penrith Group: —
1. Penrith ... 417
2. Edenhall 439
3. Newton Reigny ... ... ... ... ... 450
4. Greystoke ... ... ... ... ... ... 454
5. Skelton ... 479
6. Hutton-in-the-Forest 486
7. Castle Sowerby 492
8. Sebergham 499
9. Raugbton Head 502
10. Dacre 507
11. Watermillock 510
12. Matterdale 518
V. The Wigton Group: —
1. Wigton 520
2. Westward 526
3. Thursby 531
4. Caldbeck 547
5. Uldale 554
6. Ireby 559
7. Bolton 564
8. AUhallows 571
9. Torpenhow ... ... ... ... ... ... 574
10. Plumbland ... 533
VI. The Holm Cui.tram Group: —
1. Holm Cultram 59I
2. Kirkbride ... ... ... ... 595
Contents vii
PAGE
3. Bowness 600
4. Kirkbampton ... ... ... ... ... ••■ 606
5. Aikton 609
6. Bromfield 638
7. Aspatria ... ... ... ... ... ... 643
VII. The Keswick Group: —
1. Crosthwaite ... ... ... ... ... ... 647
2. Thornthwaite 659
3. Threlkeld 667
4. Bassenthwaite ... . . ... ... ... ... 671
5. Embleton ... 677
VIII. The Cockermouth Group : —
1. Cockermouth ... ... ... ... ... 681
2. Bridekirk 707
3. Isel 723
4. Dearham 728
5. Gilcrux 731
6. Cross Canonby .. ... ... ... ... ... 735
7. Lorton 738
8. Loweswater ... ... ... ... ... ... 742
9. Brigham 746
10. Camerton 758
11. Dean 761
12. Lamplugh 770
IX. The St. Bees Group. —
1. St. Bees 779
2. Workington 786
3. Harrington ... .. ... ... ... ... 791
4. Distington 799
5. Moresby ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 805
6. Arlecdon 808
7. Whitehaven ... 810
8. Ennerdale ... ... 815
9. Cleator ... ... ... 816
10. Egremont 820
11. Haile 831
12. Beckermet and Calderbridge ... ... ... .. 833
13. Ponsonby 835
14. Gosforth 836
15. Drigg 841
VIU
Contents
PAGE
16. Irton
844
17. Eskdale and Wasdale ...
845
, 18. Muncaster
848
19, Waberthwaite ...
850
20. Corney
854
21. Bootle
858
22. Whitbeck
866
23. Whicliam
870
24. Millom
872
WESTMORLAND.
I. The Kendal Groui
1. Kendal ...
2. Crosthwaite
3. Heversham
4. Beetham
5. Burton
6. Old Button
7. Firbank
8. Killington
9. Kirkby Lonsdale
875
962
968
981
988
997
1002
1004
1009
II. The Windermere Group: —
1. Windermere
2. Troutbeck
3. Ambleside
4. Grasmere
III. The Kirkby Stephen Grout
1. Kirkby Stephen
2. Crosby Garrett
3. Ravenstonedale
4. Great Asby
5. Great Musgrave
6. Brough ...
7. Warcop ...
1035
1047
1051
1059
1071
1092
1100
1111
1116
1119
1123
IV. The Appleby Group: —
1. Appleby (a. St. Lawrence; b. St. Michael or Bon-
gate) 1129
2. Ormside 1143
3. Long Marton ... ... ... ... ... ... 1147
Contents ix
PAGE
4. Dufton 1153
5. Newbiggin ... ... ... ••• ••■ ••• 1157
6. Milburn 1160
7. Kirkby Thore 1164
8. Temple Sowerby 1173
9. Bolton 1175
10. Morland 1177
V. The Shap Group: —
1. Shap 1189
2. Crosby Ravensworth ... ... ... •■■ ... 1196
3. Orton 1200
4. Bampton 1211
5. Askham ... 1217
6. Barton 1224
7. Patterdale 1229
8. Martindale 1232
9. Lowther 1234
10. Clifton 1239
11. Cliburn 1242
12. Brougham 1246
Chapter IV. Their Works do Fot.LOw Them 1251
APPENDICES.
I. The Commonwealth Survey for 1649 1299
II. The Commonwealth Survey for 1656-7 1300
III. Ministerial Augmentations for 1655 — 1658 ... ... 1313
IV. Collections for the Piedmontese Sufferers 1655-6 ... 1326
V. Conventicle Returns for 1669 ... 1329
VI. Presentments for Nonconformity, &c., 1662, 1670, &c. 1.330
VII. Indulgence Licenses for 1672 ... ... ... ... 1365
VIII. Tithe and other Disputes 1373
IX. Dates of Parish Registers and Transcripts ... ... 1379
Corrigenda et Addenda ... ... ... ... ... 1385
Bibliography ... ... ... ... ... ... 1409
Index 1425
PREFACE
Five years ago, when, as a research student of
Manchester University, I took in hand the subject of
this worli, it promised no considerable fruit. About
thirty names in Calamy's list of Ejected Ministers
constituted a working basis. They were little more
than names, and probably a dozen pages would have
represented all the information which then seemed to be
available. As may be surmised from this, the first idea
was to restrict enquiry to the thirty names referred to;
in other words to test Calamy for this particular area;
but it soon became clear that a restriction of that kind
would have very serious disadvantages, and that it was
in every way desirable to link with the Ejections of the
Restoration and the Uniformity Act the Sequestrations
of the Commonwealth Period. That was equivalent to
testing Walker, whose book was issued as a rejoinder
to Calamy's. The idea was to fill in the blank in the
various Incumbent lists from about 1640 to 1662, with
a view to seeing what men were displaced under the two
regimes, a blank which is a very serious one, and which
County Histories almost invariably ignore. It became
evident, however, that, if this principle were strictly
adhered to, a large amount of most valuable information
would have to be ruled out; and the idea was again
enlarged. The ultimate aim, therefore, has been to
give a list of Incumbents for the 17th Century. Nor
have I hesitated to give a very liberal interpretation to
the phrase "17th Century," overlapping often on both
sides, particularly in cases where the information added
has not appeared in print. It is, therefore, very
necessary that the reader should remember that, while
every care has been taken to carry out faithfully the
enlarged idea, make the list in each case as accurate and
Xll
Preface
complete as possible for the period, the main strength
has been devoted to the years covered by the
Sequestrations and Ejections. County Histories are
fairly reliable guides for periods preceding and
succeeding the one with which I am specially concerned.
What promised to be a comparatively barren subject
has produced the present considerable work ; and I have
most reluctantly had to refuse admission to further
material, or the work would have been even more
seriously large than it is. The truth is that to enquiries
of this kind there appears to be no finality, and the
earnest student never needs to despair of any subject,
however unpromising it may appear.
The particular attention of the reader is called to the
Appendices and other matters at the end of the book.
Much of the information given there is of the utmost
importance. It supplements and occasionally modifies
the text and should be read in conjunction with it. It
came to hand too late to be embodied in the work proper ;
but I felt that the reader should be put in possession of it,
though it involved some sacrifice of literary order and
unity.
The book is not meant to be an apologetic for any
particular type of religious life. I have had no brief
except for historic facts, and I have given to such facts
the only interpretation which seemed permissible. If I
have presented a more favourable view of the policy of
the Commonwealth Rulers in reference to the Royalist
Clergy than is entertained in some quarters, it is because
no other view seemed open, so far, at least, as this area
is concerned. Possibly the part of the book which will
excite most diversity of opinion is that which deals with
the problem of Presbyterianism ; but here again the
position assumed seemed to be the only defensible one.
The book does not pretend to be above criticism. The
enormous mass of detail which it contains makes
absolute accuracy almost impossible; and all that I
claim is that the best open to me amidst the exactions of
a busy Pastorate has been put into it.
Preface xiii
One thing, at least, it is hoped the work will do, viz.,
deliver writers on the Ecclesiastical History of this area
from the spell of Walker and Todd, under which they
have hitherto been. Without challenge of any kind, the
statements of those two authors have been taken on trust
by most writers ; but, while both of them gleaned
diligently in the byways of historic research, they are
quite unreliable in relation to matters of this kind.
Both have written what is grotesquely coloured and even
untrue. The writers have their value, but the value is
of a general rather than specific character. As Dr.
Todd himself puts it, their facts must not be "pressed
too close at the heeles."
At least the work can claim uniqueness. I do not
know of any similar attempt for any other area ; and I
am not surprised; the labour has been Herculean, and,
while I in no way regret it, I am not sorry to be able
to write " finis."
It remains for me to acknowledge my indebtedness
to those who have given me assistance. The Clergy,
with scarcely an exception, during three Summer
holidays extended to me the warmest welcome and the
most generous hospitality. The exp>erience will remain
with me as one of the happiest memories of life. The
custodians of the Carlisle and Chester Diocesan Registries
along with Mr. W. H. Satterthwaite, M.A., of Lancaster,
who has charge of the Transcripts connected with
the western portion of the ancient Archdeaconry of
Richmond, offered me every facility for my work.
To the Bishop of Chester, in particular, am I greatly
indebted for securing easy access to the documents
belonging to that part of his See with which I
was concerned. To his Grace, the Archbishop of
Canterbury, I am grateful for permission to print the
extracts from the Lambeth MSS. which appear in the
work; also to the Librarians of the Manchester Free
Library, the John Rylands Library, the Preston Free
Library, the Jackson Library (Carlisle), Dr. Williams's
Library, the Congregational Library (Memorial Hall,
xiv Preface
London), the Bodleian, the Lambeth Library, the Sion
College Library, the Authorities of the British Museum,
and the Record Office, the Town Clerks of Carlisle and
Kendal respectively, the Secretary and Trustees of the
Presbyterian Fund, and the Secretary and Trustees of
the Congregational Fund Board. Professor Tout,
M.A., and Principal Gordon, M.A., have taken real
interest in the work from the beginning, and helped me
with many valuable suggestions. The latter, in par-
ticular, has laid me under great obligation by his most
generous assistance in many directions. In addition to
much else, the comprehensive Index, which is not the
least valuable part of the book, is almost entirely his work.
Professor Firth, M.A., Litt.D. of Oxford also, who
has seen much of the MS., has assisted not a little by
his kindly encouragement.
If the book in any way stimulates pursuit of
knowledge ; suggests sources of information for those
who desire to write Parish Histories ; and quickens
interest in the great religious problems of the 17th
Century my labour will have been to good purpose.
B. NIGHTINGALE.
The Manse,
Bairstow Street,
Preston.
December, 191 1.
ABBREVIATIONS EXPLAINED
Cal. S.P. Dom.
S.P. Dom.
L.J.
C.J.
Al. Ox.
Ath. Cant.
Cant. Grad.
Nicolson and Burn.
Hutchinson.
Whellan.
Calamy.
Non. Mem.
Miscel.
Neal's Hist. Pur.
Trans. (O.S.).
Trans. (N.S.).
Rel. Bax.
Walker.
W. Ath.
Hist. Eng. Ch.
MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
H.M.C.
Bodl. MSS.
Lewis's Hist.
Clarendon.
Hanbury.
C.S. (O.S.).
C.S. (N.S.).
Dryadale.
Annals.
Baillie.
Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series.
State Papers, Domestic Series.
Lords Journal.
Commons Journal.
Foster's Alunmi Oxoni&nses.
Cooper's Athenae Cantabrigienses.
Cantabrigienses Craduati.
History of Cumberland and Westmorland.
History of Cumberland.
History of Cumberland and Westmorland.
Calamy's Account of the Ejected Ministers.
Palmer's Nonconformist's Memorials.
Bishop Nicolson's Miscellany Accounts of the
Diocese of Carlisle, 1703-4.
History of the Puritajis (1737 Edition).
Transactions of the Cumberland and West-
morland Archaeological Society, Old
Series.
Transactions of the C. and W. Archaeological
Society, New Series.
Reliquiae Baxterianae.
Sufferings of the Clergy.
Wood's Athenae.
Shaw's History of the English Church during
the Civil Wars and under the Common-
wealth (1640—1660).
HS. Minute Book of the Cockermouth Con-
gregational Church.
Historical MSS. Commission.
MSS. in the Bodleian Library.
History of the Congregational Church, Cock-
ermouth.
History of the Rebellion (1839 Edition),
Historical Memorials.
Chetham Society Publications, Old Series.
Chetham Society Publications, New Series.
History of the Presbyterians in England.
M'Crie's Annals of English Presbytery,
Letters and Journals.
xvi Abbreviations
Hist. Eng. Cong. Dale's History of English Congregationalism.
Macphail. The Presbyterian Church : Its Doctrine, Wor-
ship and Polity.
Eng. U. Hist. Gordon's Heads of English Unitarian History.
Lamb. MSS. MSS. in the Lambeth Library.
Brit. Mus. British Museum.
Add. MSS. Brit Mus. Additional MSS. in the British Museum.
The following also may assist the reader in relation to the extracts
from original documents ; and it may be well, further, to point out that
to avoid needless repetition the documents themselves are frequently
abbreviated. The reader, however, who is so disposed, can easily fill in
the blanks, by comparing those of the same MS. together. Invariably a
complete one is given somewhere. Take Lamb. MS. 996 for example —
an unabbreviated extract appears under Ireby, p. 560 : —
yy = they.
yt = that,
or = our
pducing = producing. Almost invariably contractions take place in com-
binations of a vowel with "r."
pish = parish,
pills = perils.
pnt = present.
Sept=Sepultus.
wn = when. >
yrf ore = therefore
Lp and Lorp = Lordship,
possions = possessions,
exaied = examined,
accoted = accounted,
povicon = provision.
memorandum memorandum. Latin endings are frequently cut off.
yrly = yearly.
sd = said
sevall = several
pfitts= profits
pliamt = parliament
pticulers = particulars.
PRINCIPAL AUTHORITIES CONSULTED.
I. Paeish Registers,
About 130 of these have been examined and they have
supplied information of the utmost value. It is not
suggested that the examination has been minute and
complete for each document. That would have been a
very serious task, as the area is large, and many of the
places are remote from any railway station. On an
average two hours each sufficed, the search being restricted
to the period with which this work is concerned. A
sentence or two descriptive of their condition appears
under each heading.
II. Manuscripts.
1. Plundered Ministers MSS.
There are over 60 of these in the Lambeth Library,
varying considerably in size. Dr. Shaw (" English
Church," &c., vol. ii.) describes them. They have all
been carefully examined, and whatever related to our
area has been transferred to this work. With reference
to MS. 1021 Dr. Shaw writes : " missing for a long time."
This document has been quite recently found by the
present Librarian after being lost for 80 years. With the
exception of the Librarian and the Archbishop, I was the
only person who had seen it at the time. It is a very
bulky volume, would seem to be five or six volumes in one,
is in a dilapidated condition and without covers. It is a
rough Note Book of the Trustees' Meetings, and covers the
years January 1654, to September 1657. The notes are
considerably better written and fuller than is usually the
case, and the volume is of real value.
In the Record Office are about 10 volumes dealing with
the same matters, which also have been inspected in so
far as they relate to our area.
In Sion College is one MS. but it contains nothing with
which we are particularly concerned.
xviii Authorities
Three MSS. in tlie British Museum (Add. MSS., 15669,
15670, 15671) have been carefully inspected with rich
results; and similarly the nine volumes in the Bodleian,
appearing as the Bodl. MSS. 322—329. MS. 330 is now
Eawl. D. 711. It is a mere fragment containing names
of Ministers who subscribed the Engagement of 1649.
Nos. 328 and 329 have nothing relating to our area.
There are in the Lambeth Library also several volumes
of Surveys which have been examined.
2. State P a/per s.
These are in the Record Office. Almost invariably I have
gone to the originals an,d copied accordingly, not being
content with the summaries given in Calendars, which,
while good as guides, often omit interesting and necessary
details. The student will be well advised to do this as far
as possible. To these may be added the Institution and
Composition Books together with the Exchequer Deposi-
tions and Exchequer Bills and Answers (Legal Search
Room). The latter in particular are extremely valuable
and being arranged in Counties are easily used.
3. The Rawlinson MSS.
A large collection in the Bodleian, which has only been
indifferently worked by writers on Nonconformist History,
and yet in it, especially the Letter series, are immense
materials of the utmost value for the purpose.
4. The Birch MSS.
These, which now include the Ayscough MSS, are in the
British Museum. They are a large and most valuable
collection, the Letter series especially being rich. They
have been more largely used by writers on Nonconformist
History than the Rawlinson MSS., but there is still much
that has never appeared in print.
5. The Walker 31 SS.
These are in the same Library. Walker's own notes are
of little use because they have been largely embodied m
Authorities xix
his "Sufferings of the Clergy," whilst his writing is
execrable. But besides copies of some rare pamphlets and
other materials the MSS. contain the original contribu-
tions of Walker's correspondents in various parts of the
country. These give interesting views from behind, which
often considerably modify the front view.
6. House of Lords MSS.
In the Library of the House of Lords. Among other
documents are the original Petitions of the Clergy, who
sought restoration to their livings in 1660. A list is given
in the 7th Eeport of the Hist. MSS. Com., Pt. I, pp. 104,
108. Those relating to our area have been copied and
inserted.
7. The Machell and Nicolson MSS.
The first are the work of Thomas Machell, Rector of
Kirkby Thore. There are several volumes of miscel-
laneous matters relating to the two Counties, and occa-
sionally they supply items of interest. They are in the
Dean and Chapter Library, Carlisle. The Nicolson MSS,
the work of Bishop Nicolson, are in the same place, and
are mainly extracts from the Episcopal Register. They
were largely used by Nicolson and Burn in their work,
and so have yielded little independent assistance for this.
8. The Kendal Indictment and Order Books.
These are in the custody of the Town Clerk of that town,
who gave every facility for consulting them.
9. The Carlisle Chamberlain's Accounts.
These are in the custody of the Town Clerk, who readily
placed them at my disposal.
10. The Evans and Baxter MSS.
Both are in Dr. Williams's Library, London. The
former are largely used in James's " Presbyterian Chapels
and Charities." The latter, the Letter series, in particular,
gave a few results.
XX Authorities
11. The Minutes and Cash Boohs of the Presbyterian
Fund.
A large and well kept collection in Dr. Williams's
Library, dating from 1690 and continuing with scarcely
a break to tbe present time,
12. The Minutes of the Congregational Fund Board.
Tliese are in tbe Muniment Room of the Memorial
Hall, London. They are not near so rich, full, and well
kept as those of the Presbyterian Fund. They begin
with December 1695, and the first volume ends with
1699. Volume II. is from 1700—1704, and Vol. III.
1738 — 1747. There appears therefore to be a considerable
gap in them. Taken along with the Minutes of the Pres-
byterian Fund they are invaluable for purposes of Non-
conformist History; and it is surprising that so little use
has been made of them.
13. The Jackson MSS.
These were the work of the late Wm. Jackson, F.S.A.,
who bequeathed them with many of his rare books to the
Carlisle Library where they form the Jacksoniana Biblio-
theca. The MSS. contain Will extracts. Pedigrees and
other interesting material which he collected in his
life time. A catalogue of this Library has recently been
printed.
14. Transcripts, etc.
Those kept at Carlisle and Lancaster have been examined,
so also has the Carlisle Episcopal Register. At Chester
the Act and Visitation Books have been similarly treated.
15. The Larkham MSS.
These include : —
(a) The Cockermouth Church Book. This was the work
of George Larkham until his death, a few additions being
made by later hands. It is in the possession of the
Deacons of the Cockermouth Congregational Church.
(6) The Diary of Thomas Larkham from 1647. This is
a most remarkable document and is about the same size
as the Cockermouth Church Book. There appear to be in
it at least five different handwritings : —
Authorities xxi
1. That of the original owner who seems to have been
an apothecary. The writing here is beautiful and the
entries are such as would concern his business. The date
in this writing goes back at least to 1697.
2. Near the end of the book are several pages occupied
with Christenings, Burials and Receipts in " or [our] prish
church of East Greenwch, by G. L. then elected Clarke,"
beginning with December 1615. The writing is small
and neat, but distinctly different from the other.
3. Thomas Larkham was sometime Minister of East
Greenwich, and probably the book came into his possession
through this connection. He used it as a Diary and Book
of Accounts and the earliest date is 1647. These items
appear in the various spaces which the other writers had
left; but Larkham was not satisfied with that, he has
written on the top of the other, actually using their words
and letters wherever possible for his own purpose. The
result is that it is extremely difficult to pick out his
entries.
4. From Thomas Larkham the book appears to have
passed on to his son George, the Cockermouth Minister,
who fills in remaining spaces and adds copies of letters
which Mr. Lewis has printed.
5. The next writer is Larkham Bowes, George Lark-
ham's grandson, whose entries are few.
The MS. is owned by H. M. Fawcett, Esq., of Whitley
Bay, a descendant of Larkham, who kindly lent it me for
some time. It is very doubtful if a complete transcript
can ever be made owing to the superimposition of
Larkham's writing upon the original; and the task of
making a fairly readable one is very serious. I have,
however, proceeded some way through it. The MS. is
soiled and worn in places ; and was rebound by the owner
a short time ago.
16. The Bradshaigh MS.
This is a most valuable document throwing vivid light
upon the sufferings of Nonconformists during the period
xxii Authorities
of the Stuart reigns. It is in the possession of Dr. Farrer,
who permitted me to make considerable extracts from it.
It relates mainly to Lancashire, but has several times
served to illustrate points.
III. Printed Books.
Among County Histories that of Nicolson and Burn,
published in 1777, stands easily first. Though some areas
are treated very indifferently, especially the West
Cumbrian side, it has served as a working basis and been
found exceedingly useful. Hutchinson's History in two
volumes, published in 1794, is restricted to Cumberland.
In relation to the inquiries with which this work is con-
cerned, it adds little new and simply copies. Jefferson's
book is incomplete. Published during the years 1838 to
1842, the author has given only three volumes : "Allerdale
above Derwent," " History of Carlisle," and " History of
Leath Ward." It is disappointing because it promises in
the Preface to supply the lack of the other Historians in
regard to the Incumbents of the various Parishes, and yet
it merely copies. Whellan's " History of Cumberland and
Westmorland," published in 1860, contains nothing fresh
but inaccuracies, of which there is an abundance. Very
early I came to see that it was quite unreliable. The
" Victoria County History " has not proceeded sufficiently
far to be of service ; but the Chapter on the Ecclesiastical
History of Cumberland is not assuring. There is a great
opportunity for a thoroughly good, up to date History for
these two Counties, which will do for them what Baines
has done for Lancashire. The two Histories by Chancellor
Ferguson, published by Elliot Stock, are true to their
name, " Popular " ; but both, along with the " Diocesan
History of Carlisle " by the same writer, have been useful
for their panoramic views. The area is not rich in purely
Local Histories, but those in existence have been consulted.
The Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland
ArchiEological Society, numbering some sixteen volumes,
Old Series, and ten. New Series, have been carefully
examined. The articles are sometimes written more for
Authorities xxiii
popular consumptiou than with a view to the needs of the
student; but they invariably indicate valuable sources of
information.
Baxter's " Reliquiae " is indispensable to the student
who would know the spirit and tendencies of the time.
Wood's "Athenae, Oxon," Brook's " Lives of the Puritans,''
Marsden's " History of the Puritans," and in particular
Neal's " History of the Puritans " have been frequent
companions.
Calamy's " Account of the Worthy Ministers who
were Ejected, &c.," has been in constant requisition.
I have had by me the First Edition, published in 1702, a
very unpretentious little work of one volume, only about
half of which is occupied with the "Account." In most
cases the information is very meagre, little more than
names being given. The Second Edition, published in
1713, the Continuation making Vols. III. and lY., being
added in 1727, is the one used throughout this work.
Palmer undertook to " abridge, correct, methodize " and
make additions, and an Edition called the " Second
Edition " appeared in 1775. The work was reissued in
1802-O and again it is called a " Second Edition." It
differs somewhat from the 1775 Edition. If there was a
First Edition I have not seen it; but the others are in my
possession. Palmer, however, has not done his work well;
and I greatly prefer the original Calamy.
Walker's " Sufferings of the Clergy " has had its place
side by side with Calamy. Criticisms of this book appear
in the work and the original MSS. in the Bodleian are an
interesting commentary upon it. Hanbury's " Historical
Memorials," Wilson's "Dissenting Churches," and Hunter's
"Life of Oliver Heywood" have yielded considerable help.
Dr. Shaw's "History of the English Church, &c.," has been
of the greatest assistance, not only in its careful discussion
of 17th Century religious problems , but as a guide to the
MS. collections open to students of that period.
Presbyterian Historians, like Dr. Drysdale, Dr. M'Crie,
and the Eev. W. M. Macphail, M.A., have been carefully
xxiv Authorities
lead, even as have Congregational Historians like Dr.
Dale, Dr. Stoughton, Dr. Dexter, and Dr. Brown.
Tlie Calendars of State Papers, several Reports of the
Historical MSS. Commission, the Journals of the House of
Lords and the House of Commons have been consulted;
but, as previously intimated, in almost all cases I have
gone behind Calendars and Reports to original documents.
Very large use has been made of Foster's monumental
work, "Alumni Oxonienses." A considerable proportion
of Cumberland and Westmorland men went to Oxford for
their training, to Queen's College in particular. Cooper's
"Athenae Cantabrigienses " has occasionally given assist-
ance, but, breaking off near the end of the 16th Century, it
rarely touches the period with which we are concerned.
The " Cantabrigienses Graduati " begins with 1659 and so
there is a gap at the point where assistance is most needed.
Gough's copy of the " Graduati " in the Bodleian is the
one that has been used. Scott's " Fasti," " Catalogue of
Edinburgh Graduates " (Bannatyne Ckib), Baillie s
Letters, &c., have all yielded their quotas.
For the general history, Gardiner's " History of the
Commonwealth" and "The Cambridge Modern History,"
not forgetting Hume, Clarendon, Macaulay, and Green,
are the books upon which I have mainly relied.
Large use has been made of the Tracts of the Period as
catalogued in the Thomason Tracts; and as treasured in
the Jackson Library, Carlisle, British Museum, and
Bodleian. Notices of these appear in the work.
A rich storehouse of material will be found in the
Quaker literature of the time, even when the student is
not dealing directly with the Quaker movement. Fox's
" Journal," Story's " Life," Besse's " Sufferings of the
Quakers," Sewell's " History of the Quakers," Smith's
" Bibliotheca Anti-Quakeriana," " The First Publishers of
the Truth," Ferguson's " Early Friends," with many
other minor works have been in constant requisition.
With reference to Besse and others one has sometimes
been a little disquieted by serious date errors, but in other
respects we may take them as generally trustworthy.
CHAPTER I.
Brief Summary of the Period.
On the 29tli of May, 1660, Charles II. entered London
to take possession of his father's throne. It was the
King's birthday, his thirtieth, a very happy coincidence,
and the welcome extended to him lacked nothing in the
way of cordiality and warmth. Indeed, his journej^ from
Dover, where he landed on the 25th, was a triumphal
march. Pepys, one of the Royal party, writes about his
reception in the following terms: — "Infinite the crowd
of people and the horsemen, citizens and noblemen of
all sorts. The Mayor of the town came and gave him his
white staff e, the badge of his place, which the King did
give him again. The Mayor also presented him from the
town a very rich Bible, which he took and said it was
the thing that he loved above all things in the world. A
canopy was provided for him to stand under, which he
did, and talked awhile with General Monk and others,
and so into a stately coach there set for him, and so away
through the towne towards Canterbury, without making
any stay at Dover. The shouting and joy expressed by
all is past imagination.^" John Evelyn, another Diarist
of that period, thus refers to his entrance into London
on the 29th:— "With a triumph of above 20,000 horse
and foote, brandishing their swords and shouting with
inexpressible joy; the wayes strew'd with flowers, the
bells ringing, the streetes hung with tapistry, fountaines
running with wine; the Aiaior, Aldermen and all the
Companies in their liveries, chaines of gold and banners;
Lords and Nobles clad in cloth of silver, gold and velvet;
the windows and balconies well set with ladies ; trumpets,
music, and myriads of people flocking, even so far as from
1. Diary, edited by Lord Braybrooke (1890 Ed.), p. 37.
2 The Ejected of 1662
Eochester, so as they were seven houres in passing the
Citty, even from 2 in the afternoone till 9 at night. I
stood in the Strand and beheld it, and bless'd God. And
all this was don without one drop of bloud shed, and
by that very army which rebell'd against him ; but it
was the Lord's doing, for such a Eestauration was never
mention'd in any history antient or modern, since the
returne of the Jews from the Babylonish captivity; nor
so joyfull a day and so bright ever seene in this Nation,
this hapning when to expect or effect it was past all human
policy." 1 Addresses of welcome poured in from religious
bodies all over the country; grave and reverend divines
quite lost their heads over the matter, and indulged in
language of adulation about the restored Monarch which
comported little with the dignity of their sacred calling.
Manchester was particularly forward. Henry Newcome
says that, as early as May 6th, he prayed for the Xing
" by periphrasis " ; and that the Saturday after (May 12)
" they resolved to proclaim the king in Manchester, and
we went first into the church, and sung a Psalm, and after
I went into the pulpit, and prayed about half an hour,
wherein the Lord did affect all the people, the change
was so great." 2 This, he informs us, was followed on
May 24th by " a public day of thanksgiving appointed
by authority," on which day he preached on 2, Sam. 19. 14.
Preston, another Lancashire town, was equally forward
and equally enthusiastic. The King was proclaimed on
May 11th, 1660, and on the 24th of that month, William
Cole, Minister, preached the sermon. George Larkham
also, the Ejected Minister of Cockermouth, under date
May 21st, says : — " Eex Carolusthe Second was proclaimed
at Cockermouth, with the great triumphing of many wicked
men." ^
" Over England, Scotland and Ireland," says Masson,
" flew the news of the King's triumphal entry into his
Capital, and everywhere with the same delirium of joy.
1. Diary, edited by William Bray, p. 265 (The " Chandos Library").
2. Autobiography, vol. xxvi, p. 120. C. S. (0. S.).
3. Lewis's Hist., p. 146.
The Restoration 3
"In Edinburgh, Dublin and all considerable towns there
were proclamations and reproclamations, with peals of
bell-ringing, bonfires and shouting mobs, public feasts
and wine running from the spouts for the general benefit,
drinkings of his Majesty's health and of Monk's, and
burnings of Oliver in effigy, by himself or with a twin
effigy of the Devil. For months and months the delirium
was to continue and even to grow; nor through the whole
reign of Charles was there ever to be an end or even much
visible abatement of that mood of popular adoration
of the monarch, with hatred to the memory of Oliver
and all his belongings, which ran through the Island
like a sudden epidemic in the first year of the Restora-
tion." 1
Barely nine years previously, after the disaster at
Worcester, Cromwell's " crowning mercy," Charles had
escaped to the continent with the utmost difficulty; and
by a strange irony of fate, the very country, which had
so often opened its gates to religious refugees from
England, offered as^'lum for some while to the exiled
Monarch. The perils of his flight and his narrow
escapes from capture appear always to have been vividly
in his memory; and, during the return voyage, he
recited some of his more striking experiences to his
sympathizers. Pepys, one of the most impressionable
of men, declares how it made him " ready to weep to
hear the stories that he told of his difficulties that he had
passed through, as his travelling four days and three
nights on foot, every step up to his knees in dirt, with
nothing but a green coat and pair of country breeches on,
and a pair of country shoes that made him so soro all over
his feet, that he could scarce stirr." ^ Yet when he came
back Charles found the country so intoxicated with joy
that he laughingly remarked that it was his own fault
that he had not come back sooner. " I find nobody," said
he, " who does not tell me he has always longed for my
return."
1. Life of John Milton, vol. vi, p. 11.
2, Diary, p. 35.
4 The Ejected of 1662
What had led to this swift and sweeping change? It
is usual to speak of it as the " E-estoration," meaning by
the term the return of the King to his father's throne;
but, roughly speaking, it may also be regarded as a
return to the old order of things, which had been
disturbed by the advent of Cromwell and the Common-
wealth. Only roughly, and indeed, very roughly so. It
is never possible for either an individual or a nation to
get quite back to a status quo ante; and it is certain
that the throne which Charles II. ascended was very
different from that which Charles I. left for the scaffold.
To speak of the Puritan Kevolution as a failure is to
indicate ignorance of the real tendencies of things : the
failure was only seeming. Cromwell, Hampden, Pym and
others of their type, had not lived in vain ; the Revolution
and Restoration were distinct stages in the political and
religious progress of the nation. The popular conception
may, however, for the moment be admitted; and the
question arises as to the cause of this sudden revulsion of
feeling, this wild enthusiasm for the Kingship and the
man, whose father had been executed eleven years
previously, and who himself had escaped with life only
after the most perilous adventures. The answer is not
single.
In the first place, Charles was the son of his father,
who in the public eye had always been much of a martyr.
The execution of the King had never been popular.
Whether in the interests of the nation it was right or
wrong, necessary or otherwise, is a question which has
always divided men ; and much may be urged on either
side. To maintain that a King, merely because he is a
King, is not to be held amenable to law in all its forms,
sanctions and penalties would surely be a most dangerous
doctrine to proclaim. In the ultimate it is the doctrine
of " the Divine Right " of Kings to " govern wrong,"
against which the 17th Century waged its supreme
conflicts. But, whatever vicM^ be taken of this purely
academic question, the execution of the King had never
caught on with the public. When his head fell in front
Cromwell's Rule 5
of Whitehall the callous executioner exclaimed : —
" Behold the head of a traitor " ; but the great crowd
groaned with horror and pity. The faults of the unhappy
Monjirch were forgotten in his tragic death; his pious
devotions impressed the awe stricken onlookers with his
religious character; he became enshrined in their thought
as a martyr for his country and his Church; and his
name was ever held in sacred memory by his followers.
The opponents of Monarchy risked much by that act; the
monner of his father's death was the son's most valuable
asset.
Then the nation was still Royalist at heart. It had
indeed been strange if it had been otherwise. Behind it
were centuries of training in this respect; long lines of
Kings and Queens ; and nations cannot cast off old habits,
and completely transform their character and life in the
space of a few months, any more than individuals. At
any rate we cannot. We are essentially a conservative
people; we move slowly. Our Revolutions are Evohitions,
frequently requiring long years to mature; and it was
because the Commonwealth with its swiftly changing
scenes, its drastic legislation, and sudden overthrow of
policies and institutions hoary with age, was in sheer
conflict with this great law, which has been operative in
all our history, that its own overthrow was so easily accom-
plished.
Further, Cromwell's rule, from its very nature, readily
exposed itself to criticism. It was a "tyranny" in the
old Greek sense of the word ; a " usurpation," as many are
still fond of calling it, violating constitutional usage and
law at almost every point; and, while people condoned
frequent breaches of Constitutionalism in their Kings,
they were not prepared to do so in the case of Cromwell,
whom they regarded as a private individual, raised by
force of circumstances to a position of absolute power in
their midst. His " tyranny " was in many respects most
beneficent ; it aimed at the repression of vice, the purifica-
tion of religion and the establishment of freedom. In his
speech to the House of Commons, on May 8th, 1657, in
6 The Ejected of 1662
which he finally declined the title of King, Cromwell
says : —
I have the best I can, resolved the whole Business in my thoughts :
and I have said so much already in testimony to the whole, I think
I shall not need to repeat what I have said. I think it is an " Act of "
Government which, in the aims of it, seeks the Settling of the nation
on a good foot, in relation to Civil Eights and Liberties, which are
the Eights of the nation. And I hope I shall never be found one of
them that go about to rob the nation of those Eights; but "always"
to serve it what I can to the attaining of them. It has also been
exceedingly well provided there for the safety and security of honest
men in that great natural and religious liberty, which is Liberty of
Conscience. These are the Great Fundamentals ; and I must bear my
testimony to them ; as I have done and shall do still, so long as God
lets me live in this world : That the intentions and the things are
very honourable and honest and the product worthy of a Parliament.'
No serious student will question that statement as an honest
description of the aims and ideals of that distinguished man.
The charges of simulation and hypocrisy, once so freely
levelled at him, are now laid aside by reputable writers.
Whatever view may be taken of Cromwell, there is no
disposition to deny that he meant well, and that his policy
made for national righteousness. Even good E-ichard
Baxter, who was no friend of the Protector, whose judg-
ments respecting his character and actions often impress
us as singularly unworthy, and who permitted himself to
indulge in language about him common in the lips of the
roystering Cavalier of the day, bears frequent testimony
to the beneficence of his rule. Referring to Cromwell's
" Triers " he says : —
Though their authority was null . . . yet to give them their due,
they did abundance of good to the Church : They saved many a
Congregation from ignorant, ungodly drunken Teachers ; that sort of
men that intended no more in the Ministry than to say a sermon as
Eeaders say their Common Prayers, and so patch up a few good words
together to talk the People asleep with on Sunday; and the rest of
the week go wilh them to the Alehouse, and harden them in sin : And
1. Cromwell's Letters, etc., by Carlyle (Chapman & Hall), vol. v, pp.
69, 70.
National Chaos 7
that sort of Ministers that either preacht against a holy life or preacht
as Men that never were acquainted with it; all those that used the
ministry but as a Common Trade to live by, and were never likely to
convert a s^oul ; all these they usually rejected , and in their stead
admitted of any that were serious preachers, and lived a godly Life of
what tollerable Opinion soever they were. So that though they were
many of them somewhat partial for the Independents, Separatist,
Fifth-Monarchy-men and Anabaptists, and against the Prelatists and
Arminians, yet so great was the benefit above the hurt, which they
brought to the Church, that many thousands of Souls blest God for
the faithful Ministers whom they let in, and grieved when the
Prelatists afterwards cast them out again.'
Nor was it alone in the domain of religion that the reform-
ing spirit of the Cromwellian regime made its presence
and power felt, it was the same in every department of
national life ; and, as might be expected, one chief result
was the deep and persistent hatred of all the forces of
vested interest, privilege, monopoly, and vice. Some
time, therefore, before his death, there were distinct signs
of considerable national unrest, and Cromwell went about
haunted with the feeling that his life was in constant
jeopardy. What would have happened if he had lived
another dozen years, or if his successor had been as strong
and capable as himself, it is not easy to say; but the
moment Richard Cromwell stepped into the vacancy,
which his father's death had created, the return of the
Monarchy was assured. The event produced chaos
everywhere. The leaderless Army, Avhich had fought
for the liberties of England, became a serious menace
to law and order. Invincible on scores of battlefields
it was rent asunder by the ambitions and intrigues of its
officers. It was not so much before, as after, Cromwell's
death that events ripened quickly in favour of Royalist
interests ; the confusion and anarchy followed, rather than
preceded it; and, sick at heart because of the uncertainty
and hopelessness of the position, the nation turned to the
King for salvation.
Everything, therefore, tends to emphasize the greatness
of the man, who for a decade had ruled the destinies of
1. Rel. Bax., p. 72.
8 The Ejected of 1662
England with a strength and justness which compelled
the respect, or fear, of men everywhere, and whose death
left open the way for Charles II. to ascend the throne.
The fall of the Commonwealth was not evidence of Crom-
well's weakness, but rather of his strength : when the
great guiding genius was gone the debacle immediately
followed.
The position to which the King was invited, and to
which he came with such lightness of heart, was no
sinecure. Had he been as strong as he was weak, as wise
as he was foolish, as serious as he was flippant, and as
energetic as he was indolent, he might well have taken
the way to it with considerable hesitancy and fear. The
stupendous tasks which awaited him called for the highest
statesmanship and the most consecrated purpose. The
religious difficulty was the main one; and the religious
difficulty is always the greatest which a State is called
upon to meet. That was the rock upon which his father
before, and his brother after him, made shipwreck.
On the 4th of April, 1660, Charles signed his famous
Declaration at Breda, which, among other things, con-
tained the following : —
And because the passion and uncharitableness of the times have
produced several opinions in religion, by which men are engaged in
parties and animosities against each other ; which, when they shall
hereafter unite in a freedom of conversation, will be composed, or
better understood ; we do declare a liberty to tender consciences ; and
that no man shall be disquieted, or called in question, for differences
of opinion in matters of religion which do not disturb the peace of the
kingdom; and that we shall be ready to consent to such an act of
parliament, as, upon mature deliberation, shall be offered to us for
the full granting that indulgence/
That passage suggests where the King's main difficulties
lay. There were many religious consciences, and some of
them were " tender " in the extreme. That few discor-
dant voices were heard among the shouts of welcome,
1. Clarendon, vol. vii, p. 506.
Roman Catholicism 9
which attended the King during his triumphal progress
from Dover to London, does not argue a nation united
religiously; on the contrary it was sharply divided. We
have the singular paradox of a people deeply devoted to
the Monarchical principle in politics, while in religion
Individualism was largely dominant. It was pre-
eminently the birth period of the Sects.
It will assist to a better understanding of the situation,
as well as prevent much confusion afterwards, if we look
briefly at the main religious divisions, and endeavour to
ascertain the ideas which the various denominational
names in use connoted. It should be noted that the
emphasis is upon the word " main " : for it is quite unne-
cessary for the purpose of this work to deal with the minor
religious Sects, many of which barely survived the Century
in which they were born ; mere sporadic movements
affecting the general volume of religious life only to a
very limited extent.
Take first the Roman Catholics, whose religious position
is well known. Representatives of the faith of pre-
Reformation times, since the days of Mary they had been
more or less under a cloud. If, as is frequently alleged,
the Stuart Kings sympathized with them it was only
secretly. Repressive legislation was aimed directly at
them ; and often, when tolerant and liberalising enact-
ments were passed, they were excluded from their benefits.
The cruel reign of the great Catholic Queen of England
had burnt itself into the memory of the nation beyond the
possibility of obliteration. It became fiercely Protestant;
and to be known as'a " papista " was quite sufficient to put
a person outside the protection of the law. Doubtless
many Roman Catholics aggravated the situation by their
various "plots," aiming in them at the re-establishment of
their religion by force; and wandering Jesuit Priests
assisted to keep alive and strengthen the popular suspicion
and alarm. Hence their lot was almost invariably one of
considerable hardship. Even Cromwell's " tolerant in-
stincts," which led him to give relief even to Jews, could
not protect Roman Catholics against a legislation which
lo The Ejected of 1662
bore heavily upon them.^ Their numbers were not large,
and in the Civil War they were generally on the Royalist
side ; hence they welcomed Charles's return in the belief
that it would be followed by easier conditions for them-
selves.
Next we have the Episcopal party. Possessors of the
disinherited Roman Catholic Church, they had in turn
been disinherited when Presbyterianism was established,
and during the Cromwellian rule. The two main principles
of Episcopacy, at least, so far as this country is concerned,
were then, as they are now, rule by Bishops and alliance
with the State. Nor was this religious body nearly so
homogeneous as the older one which it had replaced.
Within the Church was a powerful section which deplored
the abuses of the Church, sought the purification of its
life, the simplification of its ritual, and a considerable
restriction of Episcopal rule. " Puritan " was the name
given to this party, and it drew to itself the more cultured
and spiritually minded of both Clergy and laity within
the Church. It is necessary to be quite clear as to the
significance of this term : for few religious names have
been more misunderstood, and, in consequence, the
religious history of the country has often been greatly
confused. Writers have frequently identified it with
" Separatism," the name given to the Brownists, who
subsequently came to be known as " Independents " or
" Congregationalists " ; but the Puritans were not always
Separatists, though the Separatists were always Puritans.
Others again have made it synonymous with " Presby-
terian " ; but it is a very much larger and more compre-
hensive term than either. The truth is that " Puritan "
included the reform party in the Episcopal Church, the
Presbyterians, the Independents, and, with the exception
of Roman Catholics, the general body of Nonconformists.
The Episcopal party, both Puritan and other, were
Royalists almost to a man : they furnished the Cavaliers
1. Gardiner's History of the Commonweallh and Protectorate, vol. iv,
p. 18.
Episcopalianism 1 1
of the war, and they never ceased to endeavour after the
King's return. They were firm in the conviction that his
restoration would be rich in results for themselves ; in par-
ticular, that it would mean the reinstatement of their
Church in its former position of power; and in this their
faith was not ill founded. With Charles II. Episcopacy
came back. The House of Lords, abolished in 1649,
resumed its place in the Constitution; the Bishops, who
had fallen from power with the abolition of Episcopacy in
1646,^ returned to their seats of authority; and the Clergy
who had been sequestered during the " usurpation,"
reappeared in considerable numbers to demand restitution
of their former rights. The State Papers have a very
significant story to tell in this respect. Clergy and laity
alike clamoured for recognition and reward, because of
something done or suffered, either by themselves or by
some relative.
Reference has already been made to the Independents,
who were particularly rich in names. In the early days
of Elizabeth they were " Brownists," followers, that is,
of Eobert Browne, a Clergyman, who from the simple
study of the Sacred Scriptures, was led to the main
Congregational positions; " Barrowists," a little later,
from Henry Barrowe, who with John Penry and John
Greenwood, was executed for his principles in the early
summer of 1593 ; " »Separatists," about the same time
and later, because they held the twin doctrines of
separation from a corrupt Church and separation from a
worldly State ; and people of the " Congregational way,"
because they maintained the competence of each Congre-
gation of Christians to rule itself in all spiritual things.
The Independent or Congregational position is clearly
and fully stated in the Savoy Declaration of October 12th,
1. The Journal of the House of Commons under date November 24,
1646, says : — " Whereas amongst other Things in the late Ordinance of 9
Octobris, 1646, for the abolishing of Archbishops and Bishops within
the Kingdom of England, and Dominion of Wales, and for settling of
their Lands and Possessions upon Trustees for the use of the Common-
wealth," etc. (Vol. iv, p. 728.)
12 The Ejected of 1662
1658, which may well be called the " Charter of Congre-
gationalism." It is a truly remarkable document,
especially for the age in which it was produced, and
represents with almost perfect accuracy the Congrega-
tional position of to day. The work of some two
hundred delegates, the majority being laymen, represent-
ing a hundred and twenty Churches, it took only eleven
days to complete, " part of which also was spent by
some of us in prayer, others in consulting, and in the end
all agreeing." ^ Among those present were Thomas Jollie
of Altham, subsequently Wymondhouses, Lancashire;
and George Larkham of Cockermouth. Jollie " preacht
before them [the Assembly] with acceptance and found
much of God's presence in the meeting and of His grace
in the management of matters from first to last." ^
George Larkham, of whom " the Church did make
choice to go there as their Messenger," began his journey
Sept. the 20th, 1658.3
The Declaration was not issued as a creed for the
binding of others; it was, as its name indicates,
simply declaratory of the things most surely believed
by those, who were of the Congregational way.
" Such a transaction," write the authors in their Preface,
" is to be looked upon but as a meet or fit medium or
means whereby to express that their ' common faith and
salvation ' ; and in no way to be made use of as an
imposition upon any. Whatever is of force or constraint
in matters of this nature, causeth them to degenerate
from the name and nature of Confessions ; and turns them,
from being Confessions of Faith, into exactions and
impositions of faith." * The following paragraphs deal
with the question of polity: —
To each of these churches thus gathered according unto his mind
declared in his Word He hath given all that power and authority
which is any way needful for their carrying on that order in worship
and discipline which he hath instituted for them to observe, with
1. Hanbury, vol. iii, p. 522.
2. Jolly's Note Book. C.S. (N.S.), vol. xxxiii, p. 129.
3. MS. Min. Bk., Cock. Ch.
4. Hanbury, vol. iii, p. 517.
Independency i 3
commands and rules for the due and right exerting and executing of
that power.
These particular churches thus appointed by the authority of
Christ, and intrusted with Power from Him for the ends before
expressed, are each of them as unto those ends the seat of that power
which he is pleased to communicate to his saints or subjects in this
world, so that as such they receive it immediately from Himself.
As all churches and all the members of them, are bound to pray
continually for the good, or prosperity, of all the churches of Christ
in all places, and upon all occasions to further it, — every one, within
the bounds of their places and callings, in the exercise of their gifts
and graces, — so the churches themselves, when planted by the provi-
dence of God so as they may have opportunity and advantage for it,
ought to hold communion amongst themselves for their peace, increase
of love and mutual edification.
In cases of difficulties or differences, either in point of doctrine or
in administrations, wherein either the churches in general are con-
cerned or any one church, in their (or her) peace, union and edificaticm ;
or any member or members of any church are injured in or by any
proceeding in censures not agreeable to truth and order ; it is
according to the mind of Christ that many churches holding com-
munion together do by their messengers meet in a synod or council, to
consider and give their advice in or about that matter in difference, to
be reported to all the churches concerned ; howbeit, these synods so
assembled are not intrusted with any church-power properly so called,
or with any jurisdiction over the churches themselves, to exercise any
censures either over any churches or persons, or to impose their
determinations on the churches or officers.
Besides these occasional synods or councils, there are not instituted
by Christ any stated synods in a fixed combination of churches or their
officers, in lesser or greater assemblies ; nor are there any synods
appointed by Christ in a way of subordination to one another.'
One thin^ is made clear by those passages, viz., that,
while the authors of the Savoy Declaration never wavered
in their insistence uipon the perfectly autonomous
character of each Church, they saw nothing inconsistent
therein with the principle of association for mutual
counsel, advice and help. The rigid Independency,
therefore, of later years, which was entirely self-centred,
and from which modem Congregationalism is emancipating
itself, was a serious departure from the Independency of
1. Hanbury, vol. iii, pp. 545, 548.
14 The Ejected of 1662
tlie Commonwealtli. It is surely a little significant in
this direction that the preference of the men of those days
was for the term " Congregational " rather than
" Independent." The Savoy Declaration was " A
Declaration of the Eaith and Order owned and practised
in the Congregational Churches in England." ^
Some further reason for this preference may be found
in the fact that the term " Independent " was used less
precisely than the other. " Historically," says Dr. Dale,
" the two terms have been used interchangeably. For the
last two hundred years most ' Independents ' have been
Congregationalists — or, at least, the Churches describing
themselves as ' Independent ' Churches have preserved the
traditions of the Congregational polity. But under the
Commonwealth and the Protectorate many Congrega-
tionalists objected to be described as Independents; and
there were many Independents who were not Congrega-
tionalists. In a word the ' Independents,' sometimes
called ' political Independents,' were agreed on the one
point that every separate congregation should be free from
all external ecclesiastical control, and that the power of
the civil magistrate should be altogether withdrawn
from the province of religion or should be subjected to
limitations that would leave ' tolerated ' congregations a
very large freedom ; the ' Congregationalists ' were not
only agreed in asserting the independence of every
separate congregation but held a very definite theory on
the manner in which every separate congregation
claiming to be a Christian Church ought to be organised." 2
Dr. Dale is correct as to the fact of difference, but he is a
little too dogmatic in his analysis of the difference. The
truth is that, like some other religious names, " Inde-
pendent " was used with considerable laxity ; and within
it were included many Congregationalists, not a few
Anabaptists, and others of the minor Sects.
It will, of course, be quite obvious that the Independent
or Congregational position was entirely at variance with
1. Hanbury vol. iii, p. 517.
'2. Hist. Eng. Cong., pp. 375, 376.
Presby terianism 1 5
any form of Episcopacy; and, though considerable differ-
ences obtained among the men who followed this " way,"
both in reference to doctrine and polity, the relation of
the Church to the State, and the Monarchy, generally
they were averse to the King's return. Cromwell, who
himself belonged to the Independents, found in them
his chief strength and support. His famous Ironsides
were drawn largely from that source; and, after Dunbar
and Worcester, he and the Independents became supreme.
It is unnecessary to deal with the Anabaptists; and
the other minor Sects may be dismissed ; while an account
of the Quaker movement is reserved for the succeeding
Chapter.
One further name, Presbyterian, calls for attention ;
and it has been reserved for the end because it deserves
much fuller treatment than has been devoted to the others.
It will help us considerably if we can get an accurate idea
of the real intent and content of the name. Unfortu-
nately, however, even Presbyterian writers themselves are
much less explicit in relation to the matter than ought to
be the case. Dr. Drysdale gives the following as " the
three leading features" of Presbyterianism : —
1. The parity of preaching Pastors or Presbyters, who are all the
presiding Bishops of the Church, with no higher order over them by
divine right. Bishops and Presbyters it holds to be of the same
order ; and no one can preside over them by any other tenure than as
Primus inter pares, or first among equals. In this body or Council of
Presbyter-bishops is lodged by apostolic institution the right and
power to obtain other Presbyter-bishops.
2- Church Government and administration to be in the hands of a
body, or council, or senate of elders and office-bearers. We never
read but of bishops or elders, and deacons in every Church (the
bishops or elders always in the plural as well as the deacons) ; election
to office being in the hands of the people, but Cliurch rule for
doctrinal, disciplinary, and financial purposes, being in the hands of
the respective classes of office bearers.
3. Organic Union, or the right, duty, and privilege of different
Churches or bodies of the faithful to associate together in organic
union, so as to cultivate and manifest an esprit de corps or interest in
the separate Churches' well being at large and secure the benefits of
the union that is strength.*
1. Drysdale, pp. 6, 7.
1 6 The Ejected of 1662
The case is not put very clearly, because there is little
in the passage which is really distinctive of Presbyte-
rianism. At any rate, Congregationalism, which is sup-
posed to be its opposite, could use the language as
descriptive of itself with very slight modification. Dr.
Drysdale is a little more explicit when he adds : —
Organic Union is to be retained by means of a Synod or Common
Council of the Elders. It is in brotherly Council, not in autocratic
jurisdiction, Presbyterianism finds the key of both liberty and order
in the Church. Presbyterianism proceeds not on any monarchical
principle as in Diocesan Episcopacy, nor on any merely associative or
co-ordinative principle as in Congregationalism, but on the representa-
tive or subordinative principle embodying itself in Presbyteries,
Classes and Synods, Assemblies, or vyhatever else such gatherings for
counsel or appeal may be called.'
The central principle of the system, the principle, at
least, which most clearly distinguishes it from Congrega-
tionalism, is really suggested in the last few words of that
passage. The individual Christian Society is more or less
subject to pressure from this outside authority represented
by Presbytery, Synod and Assembly, to which " appeal "
may be made. Mr. Black greatly depreciates this prin-
ciple. " The rule of the eldership or Presbyterate over
the congregation," he declares to be of the essence of
Presbyterianism, but " the organisation of Presbyteries
and Synods " is not.^ The same tendency appears in the
latest writer on this subject. " Presbyterianism," says
Mr. Macphail, " might so far as the word goes mean the
rule of one Presbyter, but it is of the essence of the
system that the rule is always exercised by a Presbytery
or Council of Elders." ^ This, of course, is the Congre-
gational Presbytery, Mr. Black's " Presbyterate," which
he declares to be of the "essence of Presbyterianism."
Mr. Macphail, however, gives among "the distinctive
1. Drysdale, p. 7.
2. "Presbyterianism in England in the 18th and 19th Centuries," by the
Rev. John Black, pp. 13, 14 ; vide " An English Ulster," by the Rev. A.
Mearns, p. 3.
3. Macphail, p. 128.
Presbyterianism 1 7
features of Presbyterianism" "the Organic Unity of the
Church," in relation to which he says : —
A country is divided into so many districts, in each of which all
the congregations, the strong and the weak, are bound together under
the common administration of the District Presbytery, once known as
the Classis, but now generally called simpliciter " The Presbytery,"
which is composed of the minister and one or more Elders, elected by
the Session of each congregation within the bounds. An appeal lies
from all decisions of a Session to the Presbytery. The ministers are
elected by their respective congregations, but they hold office by
authority of the Presbytery, and are accountable to the Presbytery
alone for the discharge of their duties. Similarly the Presbyteries
are grouped together to form Synods. In some cases, e g., in the
Presbyterian Church of England, the Synod embraces all the Pres-
byteries and is the Supreme Court of the Church, being generally
composed of all the ministers and a representative Elder from each
congregation throughout the Church. Where there are more Synods
than one, as in the Scottish Churches, they combine to form the
General Assembly, which in most cases consists of the ministers and
representative Elders of a certain proportion — a half or a third or a
fourth — of the congregations in each Presbytery in rotation.^
It is difficult to avoid the feeling that it is trifling with
the subject to thus emphasize this " essence " of the " Pres-
byterian idea," and belittle the elaborate machinery of
Presbytery, Synod and Assembly, through which alone
this exterior "authority" is exercised. The "essence" of
the " Congregational idea " is autonomousness ; each con-
gregation of believers is self contained. Within the
range of that idea there is abundant scope for diversity in
relation to methods of work, machinery of government,
ordination of Ministers, the amount of authority to be
delegated to officers, etc. The "essence" of the "Presby-
terian idea," that which presbytrates it, is rule by Presby-
tery, not as represented merely by the local Church
Session, but by the Presbytery of a district, by Synod,
Classis, and Assembly. It is this which really differen-
tiates it from Congregationalism. " The two moot points
on which Presbyterian and Independent had been at war
since 1644," says Dr. Shaw, "were ordination of the pastor
1. Macphail, pp. 130, 131.
C
iB The Ejected of 1662
and the exercise of exterior authority over a single
congregation."^ Doubtless in relation to ordination
differences existed, but they were not the things which
really divided the two bodies : for, as already intimated,
among Congregationalists themselves opinions have always
varied considerably as to the value of ordination, its
obligation and mode. The root difference is the second of
Dr. Shaw's "moot points," the freedom within itself, of
each congregation. At any rate it was no denuded
Presbyterian idea that was thrust upon the country in the
17th Century, but Presbyterianism in its fully organized
form. There is no thought in all this of comparing these
two forms of religious life with a view to showing the
superiority of the one over the other. That is not the
purpose of this work : the aim throughout is to get at the
real state of things. Across the Tweed, Prebyterianism
has taken deep root and grown into a rich and stately tree.
Since the days of John Knox, who may be regarded as its
founder in Scotland, it has been the prevailing form of
religious life there; and the more than three centuries of
achievement which stand to its credit make one of the
most fascinating chapters of religious history. England,
however, has never seemed to provide it with a congenial
soil. That is meant as no reflection upon it; it is merely
the statement of a fact which continually presents itself
to the student of Comparative E,eligion.
Introduced into this country in the days of Elizabeth
by men like Cartwright, who had borrowed it from the
continent, Presbyterianism made no serious impression
upon the nation's thought and life, and secured no per-
manent foothold. " The Presbyterianism of the days of
Elizabeth," says Dr. Shaw, "was an academic movement
principally, never in a national sense a clerical movement.
It was apparently confined to three counties and London,
and to a small portion of the ministers even of these
counties. It never asserted itself in actual organization
and fell away before the close of Elizabeth's reign. There
are no traces of any inheritance of the ideas or influence
1. Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 170.
Presbyterianism 1 9
of ttis Elizabethan Presbyterianism by tbe English.
Puritans of the days of James I. and Charles I." ^
The testimony of Dr. Roland Gr, Usher is to the same
effect : —
The movement is chiefly distinguishable from later Presbyterianism
in that it was a movement inside the Church to stay in it, or at most
to modify its government. The later movement was an attempt to
supplant the Established Church by a systematic Presbyterian govern-
ment. There was, moreover, no connection between the two move-
ments ; there was even no continuity reaching from one to the other,
from the Presbyterians of Elizabeth to the Presbyterians of the Civil
War. . . . The movement had been one for Presbyteriajiism, but its
actual result was Congregationalism. 2
The Presbyterianism of that period was quite nebulous ;
it provides abundant opportunity for the historian to
indulge his imagination in relation to the " Presbyterian
idea " and the " Presbyterian essence " ; and the collapse
of the movement, sudden and complete as it was, shows
how little it had succeeded in rooting itself in the country.
When James I. ascended the throne, seeing that he had
been reared in Presbyterianism, it was naturally ex-
pected that he would considerably favour that form of
faith; but those who cherished such expectations were
-doomed to speedy disappointment. Whatever else he
brought with him across the Tweed, he left his Presby-
terianism behind. In his own blunt fashion he quite
early made known his opinion in relation to this matter.
"A Scottish Presbytery," said he, " agreeth as well with
monarchy as God with the devil." On the 25th of
September, 1643, the Solemn League and Covenant was
agreed to; and in June, 1646, Parliament passed an
ordinance by which Presbyterianism became the estab-
lished religion of the country in place of the Episcopacy
which it thus swept away.
1. Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. i, pp. 5, 6.
2. " The Presbyterian Movement in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth as
illustrated by the Minute Book of the Dedham Classis, 1582-1589," by
Roland G. Usher, Ph.D. (Harvard), Intro., pp. xxiv, xxv.
20 The Ejected of 1662
Two facts require attention here. "English presbytery,"
says Dr. M'Crie, " wlien in tlie ascendant, may be said
to have sprung out of the bosom of the church of England.
It was no exotic plant, but indigenous to English soil. It
came neither from Geneva, nor Frankfort, nor Scotland,
but from her own clergy, many of whom had long held it
in theory, and who, as soon as the arm of arbitrary power
was withdrawn, grew of their own accord into presby-
terians. What is more, English presbytery had a
character of its own, and it may be said to have left its
peculiar stamp on the religion of Scotland." ^ Precisely
the opposite to what is there stated is the fact.
Presbyterianism as thus established was an " exotic " ; it
was not even the free choice of the nation, or of Parlia-
ment as representing the nation. In its struggle with
the King, Parliament found itself compelled to look to
Scotland for assistance ; the Solemn League and
Covenant was the price it had to pay for that assistance ;
and the long drawn out negotiations, which preceded the
acceptance of the Covenant, witness to the reluctance with
which it was accepted. It is morally certain that had
there been no Scotch Army in the Civil War there would
have been no established Presbyterianism in England
during the Commonwealth. Says Dr. Shaw : —
Ha5 the success of the Parliament been immediate a<nd decisive, as
was at one time expected, the Church question would have been
treated in a purely national sense, probably on the lines sketched out
in the debates on the Root-and-Branch Bill. There may have been —
there doubtless would have been — some concession to clerical feeling, but
there would not have been, as there subsequently was, a formation of
presbyteries, parochial and classical, possessing censorial powers, and
proceeding by legal methods. There would have been none of the
Scotch element of jurisdiction in the English Church of the years,
1643-51. As it was, no sooner had it become apparent that the war
could not be finished at a stroke, than the necessity of securing
Scotland for the Parliamentary cause was at once seen. The only
possible condition was the adoption of the Covenant — of a uniformity
of Church government — so much was known from the first ; the
question then became one of time, or of the immediate fortune of the
1. Annals, p. 183.
Presbyterianism 2 1
war. Fortune declared against Parliament, and the Covenant was
accepted. It may be that a slight portion of the Commons had no
dislike for a pure Presbyterian System — it is certain that a Presby-
terian party had sprung up amongst the clergy^ — it may also be that
the course of the ecclesiastical debates of the year, 1641, had
educated the majority of the Commons, or had habituated them to the
conceptions and terminology of a primitive Presbyterian system in the
abstract, but none the less the final adoption of the Covenant was,
under the circumstances, of the nature of a capitulation.'
Robert Baillie, one of the eight ^ Scottish Commis-
sioners sent to the Assembly of Divines, at Westminster,
whose first meeting was on July 1st, 1643, in his
illuminating letters tells a most interesting story of the
long and protracted negotiations, the wearisome discus-
sions, the hopes and fears which alternated in the breasts
of the Scotch contingent, and more than once naively
states that the pressure of the Scotch Army was needed to
speed progress. " Mr. Henderson's hopes," says he, " are
not great of their conformitie to us, before our armie be
in England." 3 "The weakness of our army . . . and its
delay to march southward, he continues, . . . "have
made us [the Scotch in London] almost contemptible, and
this contempt hath occasioned jealousie and provocations,
which may (if not provided for) prove dangerous."* He
hopes " it may please God to advance our armie, which
we expect will much assist our arguments." ^ The case
is not too strongly put by Dr. Brown when he says : —
" When the first regiments of the Scottish Army crossed
the Tweed, on January 19th, 1644, they may be said to
have brought Presbyterianism with them." ^ The
1. Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. i, pp. 141, 142.
2. The Scottish Commissioners were five Ministers : Alexander Hen-
derson, Robert Douglas, Samuel Rutherford, Robert Baillie and George
Gillespie ; and three laymen : John, Earl of Cassilis, John, Lord
Maitland, and Sir Archibald Johnston of Warriston.
3. Baillie, vol. ii, p. 104.
4 Ibid., vol. ii, p. 26?.
5. Ibid., vol. ii, p. 111.
6. Commonwealth England, p. 92 : vide also "The English Puritans,"
by the same author, recently published by "The Cambridge University
Press."
22 The Ejected of 1662
correctness of the position here assumed is abundantly
demonstrated by the early debates on the Root and Branch
Bill. Dr. Shaw is generous in his estimate of the growing
influence of Presbyterianism during, and as the result of,
those debates. The sentiment of the House of Commons,
as of the country, was Episcopalian rather than Presby-
terian ; and it was a modified Episcopacy for which
successive speakers pleaded.
The other fact is consequential, viz., that Presby-
terianism as thus established never became popular and
was the national religion only in name. It has already
been intimated that the Westminster Assembly and
the House of Commons consumed nearly three years
before the ordinance for the establishment of Presby-
terianism, in 1646, could be agreed upon and issued;
and it took nearly three years longer to complete
the " Directory for Public Worship," the " Form of
Presbyterial Church Government and Ordination of
Ministers," with other matters inherent in the system.
"On Thursday, February 22, 1648-9," says Dr. Dale,
" three weeks after the death of the King, the Assembly
met for the last time as an Assembly, and held its one
thousand one hundred and sixty third session. It had
sat for five years and six months."^ And those prolonged
sittings were due to heated controversies, to hopeless
divergencies of opinion, and to the difficulty of securing
decisions which Parliament would accept. Three further
Parliamentary ordinances also in support of this new
religious system were found to be almost immediately
necessary. In April, 1647, it was reported to the House
of Commons that there were " divers obstructions in the
business of Church government," and that " in most places
neither election of elders nor division of classes had taken
place." 2 The House promptly resolved upon certain
remedies. In response to a further appeal for help the
House adopted on January 27, 1647-'8, " an ordinance for
the speedy and more effectual settling the Presbyterial
1. Hist. Eng. Cong., p. 303.
2. Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 14.
Presbyterianism 23
government, and removing and remedying some obstruc-
tions therein." ^ Again, on the 29th of August following,
was passed " the Form of Church government to be used in
the Churches of England and Ireland," " a comprehensive
ordinance, the last of which was issued by the Parliament
on the subject of the establishment of the Presbyterian
system." 2 Yet though sent forthwith these high sanctions
the area in which the Presbyterian system succeeded in
planting itself was not considerable. Dr. Shaw names
the following as Counties where " a purely classical
organization" existed : — Cheshire, Derbyshire, Devonshire,
Durham, Essex, Hampshire, Lancashire, Lincolnshire,
London, Northumberland, Shropshire, Somerset, Suffolk,
Surrey, Sussex, Warwickshire, Wiltshire, and Yorkshire.
The Minutes of a few only of these Classical Associations
are extant, and in the absence of such documents
evidence for their existence is very slender. It is
quite certain that Dr. Shaw's estimate is exceedingly
liberal, and the way in which he arrives at his results is
far from satisfactory. " Whenever a body is found
performing the work of ordination in the years 1647-53,"
says he, " it was a properly constituted classis, composed
of elders freely elected into a parish eldership and freely
delegated from such elderships to a classis." 3 Surely
that is extremely arbitrary and anything but a safe
principle to follow. Unless we are to assume that only
ordinations of a Presbyterian type were possible during
those years, the fact of a body ordaining only proves
that it ordained. If by ordaining body is meant a Classis
then it needs to be remembered that the word was used
with considerable laxity. But it was not at all necessary
to have an organized body to ordain : the Ministers of a
neighbourhood were quite competent for such work. On
January 28, 1651-2, before the era of Voluntary Associa-
tions, George Larkham was ordained at Cockermouth " by
the imposion of the hands of three ordained presbyters
1. Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 16.
2. Ibid., p. 19-
3. Ibid., p. 28.
24 The Ejected of 1662
then present (called by the church to that worke for feare
of offending the godly brethren of ye Presbyteriall way) ." i
The ordainers were Thomas Larkham of Tavistock, Devon,
the Pastor's father; George Benson of Bridekirk; and
Gawin Eaglesfield of Plumbland. The ordination was
specially arranged with a view to the scruples of brethren
of the " Presbyteriall " way, yet the Ministers were not all
Presbyterian, they were not even neighbours : and there
is no suggestion of a Classical organization for Cumber-
land, whose Voluntary Association arose very shortly after
this date. In later years, also, the years of Jollie,
Frankland, Heywood and others, in the ordinations of
which we read the organized bodies conducting them were
only individual Ministers called together for the purpose.
It is certain, therefore, that not a few of the names in
the list above given should be deleted ; while in other
cases only a few Classes existed. The truth is that
outside London and Lancashire with a few eastern and
southern Counties, Presbyterianism made no real impres-
sion upon the country; and, even where it succeeded in
planting itself, its hold was very precarious. This is
made clear by the study of its career in Lancashire, one
of the very first Counties to adopt the Classical system,
and where the system reached its most finished form.
Nowhere was Presbyterianism more aggressive, nowhere
did it assume larger powers, yet a creeping paralysis
appears to have been upon it from the very first. For-
tunately the Minutes of the Bury arid Manchester Classes
have been preserved and printed ;2 and they vividly illus-
trate the point at issue. The course of each Classis was
an exceedingly troubled one. Its authority was con-
tinually defied by Ministers and laymen alike, and its
decisions were ignored by contumacious Churches. Here,
in Lancashire, where the Classical system was strongest,
its inherent weakness and unpopularity are plainly written
across all its proceedings. It no sooner began to be than
it began to decay. Dr. Shaw says : —
1. MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
2. C. S. (N. S.), vols. 36 and 41 for the former ; and vols. 20, 22 and 24
for the latter.
Presby terianism 2 5
The few classical records that are in existence tell an unvarying tale
of classical impotence. Within the limits of the accepted or estab-
lished presbyteries, the erection of the government was by no means
uniform ; and though it still might remain the nominal Church system
of the country, the coercive power was gone. It was not so much that
the wooden sword of excommunication had fallen from the nerveless
hands of the parish presbytery. On that point the clerical spirit
fought to its last gasp, and, where the Sacrament could not be
administered with such safeguards as they chose to erect, they pre-
ferred rather to cease the celebration of the Communion altogether.
It was much more to the point that the compulsive, coercive or
directive power of the classes over the parochial presbytery was at an
end from the moment of the triumph of the army.l
This represents the condition of things to about
1. Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 100. To this may be appended the
following : —
"England's Deliverance from the Northern Presbytery, compared with
its Deliverance from the Roman Papacy : or a Thanksgiving Sermon,
Preached on Nov. 5, 1651, at St. Margaret's, Westminster, Before the
Supreme Authority of this nation.
The High Court of Parliament By Peter Sterry, once Fellow of
Emmanual CoUedge in Cambridge Now Preacher to the Right Honble
the Councel of State, sitting at Whitehall, London.
Printed by Peter Cole, and are to be sold at the Signe of the Printing
Presse neer the Royal Exchange 1652.
Text Jer. Chap. 16. 14, 15.
But then let us say againe with a louder Noise of praises, that may
drown the former voice [of praise for deliverance from Romish Papacy]
The Lord liveth, who hath brought us up out of the Scotch Tyranny,
and Scotch-Presbytery, which came like a Tempest from the North. . .
In many mercies as especially that of saving us from this Bloody Designe
of the Egyptian Papacy, thou hast done Gratiously, and Wonderfully ;
but this last Mercy, by which thou hast saved us from the Black plots
and Bloody power of the northern presbytery hath Excell'd them all."
P. 7. (Copy in the John Rylands Library.)
It is to be hoped that preachers of Peter Sterry's type were not
nimierous, for it is impossible to commend either his language or spirit ;
and this sermon might have been left unnoticed had it not been for
the occasion on which it was delivered. That such a sermon was
possible before such an Assembly is a fact which lets in a flood of
light upon the state of feeling at the time. It surely shows how
exceedingly unpopular in the country the Scottish alliance, with Pres-
bytery as its annexe, had become.
26 The Ejected of 1662
1650/ when Cromwell's victory at Dunbar, followed by-
Worcester the succeeding year, gave him and his Army a
freer hand. The Commonwealth never either " declara-
tively or legislatively annulled presbytery or established
Independency in its place " ;^ for there was, at least, no
need that it should do the former, because there was little
or nothing to annul. Nominally Presbyterianism lived the
length of the Long Parliament, but as an organized religious
force in the country it had ceased to exist long before 1660.
When therefore the King came back to the throne the
transition to Episcopacy was quite easy : Presbyterianism
was no longer a serious competitor. This view of the
matter is supported by one or two further considerations.
In the first place no attempt was ever made afterwards
to resurrect the Presbyterian system. Not even did
Presbyterian Lancashire, or London, seek to rebuild the
structure upon whose erection so much labour had been
expended. It is difficult to explain this omission if
Presbyterianism had the place in the religious life of the
country up to, and after the Restoration, claimed for it by
some writers. Apology for this is usually sought in the
state of the law as represented by the Toleration Act. It
is maintained that this was inimical to the Presbyterian
system. " There was little or nothing indeed in the new
regulations respecting religious liberty," says Dr. Drys-
dale, " that expressly prevented a full Presbyterial organi-
zation; but the whole spirit of the arrangements was
hostile to the rise and development of such a display of
Dissenting incorporation. The law did not expressly
forbid the constitution of Presbyteries and Synods with
juridical functions ; but as it did not expressly allow them.
1. Throughout this work the terms " Commonwealth " and " Crom-
wellian regime " are applied to this period, from about 1646 to 1660, in
its entirety, though the one fact of which the student is conscious is a
dividing line about 1650 when Presbyterianism fell from power and
Independency became ascendant. Were this a history of the religious
life of this period it would be necessary to note this division and insist
upon it ; but in the present work any attempt to preserve it would lead
to endless confusion.
2. Hist. Eng. Ch. vol. ii, p. 98.
Presbyterianism 27
they were ipso facto not in accordance with the scope and
aims of the measure." ^ It is not easy to take a conten-
tion of that kind seriously; and yet it is repeated in
substance by the latest author of Presbyterian History.
" The Act of Toleration," says Mr. Macphail, " did less
for Presbyterians than for other Nonconformists, because
it did not remove the interdict on meetings of Presbytery
and Synod. It secured only freedom of worship for con-
gregations." 2 This type of statement is not complimen-
tary to the men whom the writers are really wishful to
honour. Practically it charges those old Nonconformists
with having grown quite indifferent to one of the root
principles of Presbyterianism; or, on the other hand, it
makes them distinctly unheroic. For they give no indica-
tion of chafing under the pressure of any " interdict " ;
they indulge in no complaints about religious disabilities ;
and they make no attempt to take the law into their own
hands, set up their system and accept the risk. Yet they
were men of strong make ; many of them were " outed "
in 1662 ; and in obedience to what they believed to be the
voice of sacred duty endured the utmost privation.
Surely the truer explanation of their conduct is to be
found in Dr. M'Crie's admission : " It is too plain that,
for some years before the Revolution they had ceased to
act as presbyterians. The regular meetings of presby-
teries, the due subordination of church courts, and their
authority as representative courts of appeal and review,
had been virtually given up." ^
To the same conclusion are we led when we trace the
evolution of those old Dissenting interests, which are said
to have had their origin in the Commonwealth Presbyte-
rianism, and which, it is contended, lived, though in
greatly mutilated form, after the Restoration ; especially
if we take a district free from influences likely to inter-
rupt its natural course. Take Lancashire, again, for
example, which, because of its pronounced Presbyte-
1. Drysdale, p. 428.
2. Macphail, p. 261.
3. Annals, p. 306.
28 The Ejected of 1662
rianism in Commonwealth, times, might naturally be
expected to tell against rather than for the position here
assumed. What, however, is the fact? Four only of
these old Dissenting interests — Tunley, Risley, Dundee
and Wharton — at the present time belong to the Presby-
terian body; and these have been acquired by that body
comparatively recently. The rest have become either
Unitarian or Congregational. Not one of these old foun-
dations has in normal fashion found its way back into
that ecclesiastical system whence so many of them are
said to have sprung. The fact is not easily explained on
the assumption of a Presbyterian origin for them.
Similar evidence may be deduced from the Indulgence
Licenses of 1672. It is perfectly clear that the term
" Presbyterian " was used with considerable laxity, almost
interchangeably with the term " Congregational " ; at any
rate, that it no longer indicated a distinct and compact
religious body, as it did in Commonwealth times. It is
no uncommon thing to find the same Minister described
in the Licenses as a " Presbyterian " and a " Congrega-
tionalist," the same building bearing the two names, and
a "Presbyterian " Minister taking a License to officiate in
a " Congregational " building, and vice versa.^ Cuthbert
Harrison, " Presbyterian," for example, secures a License
for Elswick Lees, " Congregational" ; James [should be
Michael] Briscoe, "Congregational," licenses a Meeting
House in Toxteth Park, which is both "Presbyterian" and
"Congregational" ; and George Larkham the "Congrega-
tional" Minister of Cockermouth, licenses a house at
Bridekirk as "Presbyterian," etc.
Equally interesting evidence is furnished by the ordina-
tion services of post Restoration times. Ministers of both
types being found sharing in them. Thomas Jollie, the
Congregationalist, Oliver Heywood, and Richard Frank-
land, Presbyterians, frequently joined in ordaining a man
who might be a Congregationalist or a Presbyterian. It
is true that sometimes they scrupled certain points ; but it
1. Vide Cal. S. P., Dom. for 1672-3, p. xlii.
Richard Baxter 29
is also true that at least the term "Presbyterian" had lost
the rigid significance in the matter of ordination that it
formerly had.
What then was the situation at the time of the Restora-
tion in reference to the men who had borne the Presbyte-
rian name, and who had contributed very largely towards
the King's return? How did they stand in relation to
the prevailing religious Sects of the time? If Presby-
terianism, in any real sense of the word, in any sense of
the word in which it is used to day, or was used during the
period of its ascendency in this country, had ceased to be
among its religious organizations, how are those men to
be classified? It is at once frankly admitted that it is
not easy to define their position precisely, because, in a
way, they had none. Torn from their old moorings by
the force of events, they were as yet without proper
anchorage. They were in process of evolution, drifting
in two quite opposite directions ; on the one hand, towards
Episcopacy, and on the other, towards Independency or
Congregationalism. The one tendency explains why so
many of the so called Presbyterian Ministers conformed
in 1662. They had no great objection to Episcopacy as
such, nor even to the use of the Prayer Book. They were
already, and had been all along more than half Episco-
palian at heart; hence it cost them little to alter their
name, retain their livings, and' accept the new order of
things. The repressive legislation of later times, however,
sent others, and these a very considerable number, to
greater distances from Episcopacy. These were the
Nonconformists of 1662, whose ideas crystallised and
hardened in the direction of Congregationalism.
Perhaps no man more distinctly illustrates these latter
tendencies than Richard Baxter, one of the greatest
figures of the 17th Century, and whose influence can
scarcely be over estimated. It has already been intimated
that he had no great affection for Cromwell, and that many
of his judgments of him impress us as singularly un-
generous and harsh. With Philip Nye and John Owen,
leading Congregational Ministers of the time, he had
30 The Ejected of 1662
frequent and lively controversies ; and, though brought
up in the Episcopal Church, himself Episcopally ordained,
having distinct sympathy with a modified form of Epis-
copacy, and going even to the length of preparing a
reformed Liturgy, yet he was one of the first to sufEer
Ejection through the Uniformity Act of 1662. He has,
of course, been claimed as a Presbyterian, though he him-
self has been careful to repudiate the name. Writing of
the time when he was a Chaplain in Cromwell's army he
says : —
Col. Whalley, though Cromwell's Kinsman and Commander of the
Trusted Regiment, grew odious among the Sectarian Commanders at
the Headquarters for my sake; and he was called a Presbyterian,
though neither he nor I were of that Judgmeait in severall Points.*
It is noteworthy also that when he took out his License to
preach on October 2Tth, 1672, he entered himself, not as
a Presbyterian, but as " a Nonconforming Minister." 2
Nor did he during the Presbyterian regime ever attempt
to set up the Presbyterian system. This was not for lack
of opportunity or power : for it has been well said that
"Richard Baxter in his best days, was a stronger power
with the religious people of England than either the West-
minster Assembly or the Parliamentary leaders." ^ Yet
in his own County of Worcestershire, where he exercised
a lengthened and powerful ministry, the Classical system
was never adopted. In its place, in 1653, appeared the
Worcestershire Agreement for the "Associated Ministers
of the County of Worcester and some adjacent parts";
mainly, if not exclusively, his handiwork. The Associa-
tion was perfectly voluntary and the following interesting
account of its character and aims deserves notice : —
The Worcestershire Agreement was based on the rectoral rights of
the parish clergyman. It was the clergyman's business' to rule his
parish as well as to teach it. He might order his parish on the
Presbyterian model or on the Congregational or on the old system of
churchwardens, which Baxter himself preferred ; but this was at the
1. Rel. Bax., p. 55.
2. Cal. S. P., Dom. for 1672/3, p. 88 ' '
3. Eng. U. Hist., p. 65.
Richard Baxter 31
rector's choice, he being the person responsible for these things.
The county clergy, Episcopalian, it might be, in theory, Presbyterian,
Congregational, even Baptist if they would, were to meet together.
There were to be no lay assessors; the clergy mutually bound by a
doctrinal profession, which, so far as it went was of strict orthodoxy,
were to meet for religious exercises and mutual advice, without
jurisdiction one over another.'
The same writer thus describes the spread of the
Baxterian Association : —
Cheshire never had anything to do with the Parliamentary
Presbyterianism. Immediately on the publication of the terms of
the Worcestershire Agreement (1653), Cheshire followed Baxter
(October, 1653) under the leadership of Adam Martindale. So did
Cumberland and Westmoreland, on the other side of Lancashire.
Northumberland went with the Parliament, as did Derbyshire on the
off side of Cheshire. All over England, we find contiguous counties
religiously organised, here on the Parliamentary there on the Baxter
model. And it was the Baxter model which gained ground. Norfolk,
Essex and Devonshire, for example, began with the Parliamentary
system, and after trying it, came over to Baxter. The South of
Ireland, which had resisted Presbyterianism, fell into hne with the
Baxterian principle of Associatio«n in 1655.2
E-ichard Baxter, therefore, is not easily classified.
There were things, he informs us, both among the
Episcopalians, the Presbyterians, the Independents, and
even the Anabaptists, that he liked, and things which
he did not like. He was a great Comprehensionist,
labouring all his lifetime to heal the divisions of the
Church and bring its various branches into effective
union ; compelled to be a Nonconformist in relation to the
Established Church of the nation, and beyond that it is
scarcely possible to predicate anything definite about him.
The foregoing is not intended to suggest that Presby-
terianism had become identical in all points with
Congregationalism. To do that would be to close the eye
to some of the most obvious facts of history. The way
in which the name persisted indicates that it stood for
€ertain divergencies from the recognized Congregationalism
1. Eng. U. Hist., p. 65.
2 Ibid., p. 66.
32 The Ejected of 1662
of the time. It is, however, contended that these
divergencies were not sufficient to justify the use of the
name ; that the Presbyterian idea had so far emptied itself
of its contents as to represent neither the Presbyterianism
of Commonwealth days nor the Presbyterianism of modern
history; and that the two sections of the one common
Nonconformity were being rapidly fused. The " Happy
Union," as it came to be called, consummated in the
early part of 1691, according to which the so called
Presbyterians and Congregationalists were to lay aside,
among other things, their respective names, and be known
henceforth as " The United Brethren," was the expression
of tendencies which had long been operating. True the
Union had only a brief existence, especially in London,
where it was born; but it split not on the rock of polity
but on that of doctrine. The name "Presbyterian" still
lingered, and in every respect it is to be regretted that it
did so.^ Had it passed with the Long Parliament, which,
so far as this country is concerned, gave it position and
powe'r, much historic confusion, and not a little religious
controversy would have been avoided. It is, however,
easy to see why it did persist. It represented a form of
Church life that had claimed to be the religion of the
nation, and that for a time had actually been established
by law, the religion that replaced Episcopacy and which
in turn was replaced by Episcopacy. Everything therefore
tended to make it bulk in the national imagination and
thought; consequently the habit was to think and speak
of Nonconformists, especially those of " a spiritual serious
way of worship," ^ as " Presbyterians." The County of
Lancashire again furnishes a very striking illustration of
this. The Bradshaigh MS., which gives a vivid picture
1. It ought to be stated also that the name has been used, and still is,
in reference to those old Dissenting foundations at present in the hands
of the Unitarians, though the tendency is for that body to drop it.
The only justification for its use by them is the claim that they have
lineally descended from those Nonconformists who originated them.
In point of doctrine and polity they are quite remote from them.
2. Eel. Bax., p. 278.
Summary 33
of, Nonconformity in Lancashire during the repressive
legislation following upon tlie Restoration, is concerned
largely with the suppression of " Conventicles " and the
search for " Conventiclers." " Presbyterian " is the term
frequently applied to both, though in the list of
" Conventiclers " appear pronounced Congregationalists
like Thomas Jollie and Michael Briscoe. In Presbyterian
Lancashire the name would, of course, die hard.
To sum up : — All the evidence goes to show that at no
period of its history was Presbyterianism ever a great
religious force in this country; that during the years of
its so called ascendency (1646-1650) the area of its
influence was very restricted; that it ceased to count as a
serious religious organization after the rupture with the
Scotch Army and the triumph of Cromwell; and, in
particular, that it is a distinct historic inaccuracy to label
with the term "Presbyterian" the ^Nonconformists of post
Restoration times. That is said with the full conscious-
ness of the fact that not a few of these men persisted
in calling themselves by the name for many years ; it had,
however, come to be so completely a misnomer that writers
would be wise, they would greatly contribute to historic
clearness and accuracy, if they would restrict the name
to the period to which it really belongs, and in reference
to these men after the Restoration employ the more
general one of " Nonconformist." The application of this
to the old Nonconformist foundations in the area with
which we are mainly concerned will be considered later;
and it is only necessary to add that the last thing the
serious student of history will attempt is to maintain that
modern Presbyterianism is in historic continuity with
the Presbyterianism of the Commonwealth. It is an
"exotic," a comparatively recent 'importation, like its
17th Century predecessor, again from across the Tweed,
but happily with far greater promise of permanency and
success.
This, then, was the state of the country religiously when
Charles II. ascended the throne. The people were divided
to bitterness, and the problems awaiting him in conse-
D
34 The Ejected of 1662
quence were such as called for the highest wisdom and the
most skilful statesmanship. Nor were events long in
moving. The Convention, so called because summoned
without Royal writ, when it invited Charles back to the
throne decreed that "according to the ancient and funda-
mental laws of this kingdom the government is and ought
to be by Xings, Lords and Commons." Petitions began to
pour in from the Sequestered Clergy, and, in September,
1660, the Convention Parliament passed an Act for the
" restoration of ejected ministers to their livings and for
the confirmation of the present holders of livings in cases
where the rightful incumbent was dead." ^ It is of first
importance to remember this, because frequently it is
assumed that it was not until the passing of the Uniform-
ity Act of 1662, that the ministerial Ejections took place.
In point of fact the displacement began probably with the
Restoration, certainly with the September Act just named,
and continued even after the 1662 Ejectment Act. Neal
informs us that "every sequester'd Minister who has not
justified the late King's Murder, or declared against Infant
Baptism, shall be restored to his Living before the 25th
of DeceTuher [1660] next ensuing, and the present Incum-
bent shall peaceably quit it, and be accountable for Dilapi-
dations, and all Arrears of Fifths not paid." ^ The result
of this Act, he informs us, was that "some hundreds of
Nonconformist Ministers were dispossessed of their Livings
before the Act of Uniformity was formed. -Here was no
Distinction between good or bad; but if the Parson had
been Episcopally Ordained, and in Possession, he must be
restored, tho' he had been ejected upon the strongest
Evidence of Immorality or Scandal." 3 Dr. Stoughton
states that on the 26th of May, 1660, three days before the
King's arrival in London, "Prynne made a report touching
the quiet possession of ministers, schoolmasters, and other
ecclesiastical persons in sequestered livings, until they
1. The Cambridge Modern History, vol. v, p. 96.
2. Hist. Pur., vol. iv, p. 303.
3. Ibid.
The Uniformity Act 35
should be legally convicted; and two days afterwards
allusion is made in a further report from the same member
to several riots which had ' been committed, and forcible
entries made upon the possessions of divers persons,
ecclesiastical and temporal." "' ^
The Savoy Conference convened by the King on April
15th, 1661, in fulfilment of his promise to the Puritan
party, was ostensibly for the purpose of readjusting
religious differences that there might be peace in the
realm.; but it was doomed to failure beforehand. The
Independents had no representatives in it, the Presbyte-
rian or Puritan party had as their leader Richard Baxter,
who expected great things from it. The Prelatical party,
however, conceded nothing of any moment, and the Con-
ference ended on July 24th, 1661, having accomplished
nothing beyond the still further embitterment of the
respective parties. In the meantime the Convention Par-
liament had been dissolved and a new one summoned in
May, 1661, so violently Poyalist in its sympathies that it
came to be known as the "Cavalier Parliament." It lost
no time in indicating its spirit and policy. Little more
than two months after assembling, Parliament passed a
Bill for restoring the Prelates to the House of Lords, and
before the year was out the Corporation Act had been
placed upon the Statute Book. This Act "required that
all members of Corporations should, besides taking the
Oath of Supremacy, swear that it is not lawful, under any
pretence, to bear arms against the King, and that the
Solemn League and Covenant was illegal. It also
declared every one ineligible for a municipal office,
who had not, within one year, received the Lord's Supper,
according to the rites of the Church of England." 2 On
the 19th of May, 1662, the Uniformity Act received the
Royal assent. It is an exceedingly lengthy document 3
and Neal's summary will be sufficient. This is as follows :
1. Religion in England, vol. iii, p. 89.
2. Ihid., p. 196.
3. Printed in full in Bayne's "English Puritanism," pp. 386 — 404.
36 The Ejected of 1662
An Act for the Uniformity of publick Prayers, and Administration
of Sacraments, and other Rites and Ceremonies, and for establishing
the Forms of making, ordaining, and consecrating Bishops, Priests
and Deacons in the Church of England.
The Preamble sets forth, That from the first of Queen Elizabeth
there had been one uniform Order of Common Service and Prayer
enjoined to be used by Act of Parliament, which had been very
comfortable to all good People, till a great Number of People in
divers Parts of the Realm, living without Knowledge and the due
Fear of God, did wilfully and schismatically, refuse to come to
their Parish Churches, upon Sundays, and other Days appointed to
be kept as Holy Days. And whereas, by the scandalous Neglect of
Ministers in using the Liturgy during the unhappy Troubles, many
People have been led into Factions and Schisms, to the Decay of
religion and the Hazard of many Souls; therefore, for preventing the
like for Time to come, the King had granted a Commission, to review
the Book of Common-Prayer, to those Bishops and Divines who met
at the Savoy ; and afterwards his Majesty required the Clergy in
Convocation to revise it again ; which Alterations and Amendments
having been approved by his Majesty, and both Houses of Parliament ;
therefore for settling the Peace of the Nation, for the Honour of
Religion, and to the Intent that every Person may know the Rule
to which he is to conform in publick Worship it is enacted by the
King's most excellent Majesty, &c.
That all and singular Ministers shall be bound to say and use the
Morning Prayer, Evening Prayer, and all other Common- Prayers
in such Order and Form as is mentioned in the Book ; and that every
Parson, Vicar, or other Minister whatsoever, shall before the Feast
of St. Bartholomew which shall be in the Year of our Lord 1662,
openly and publickly, before the Congregation assembled for Religious
Worship, declare his unfeigned Assent and Consent to the Use of all
Things contained and prescribed in the said book, in these Words, and
no other. I A.B. do here declare my unfeigned Assent and Consent
to all and every Thing contained and prescribed in and by the Book,
entitled, the Book of Common-Prayer, and Administration of
Sacraments, and other Rites and Ceremonies of the Church, according
to the Use of the Church of England, together with the Psalter, or
Psalms of David, pointed as they are to be sung or said in Churches;
and the Form and Manner of making, ordaining, and consecrating of
Bishops, Priests and Deacons. The Penalty for neglecting or refusing
to make this Declaration, is Deprivation i'pso facto of all his spiritual
PromotioJis.
And it is further enacted, that every Dean, Canon, Prebendary ; all
Masters, Heads, Fellows, Chaplains, and Tutors in any College, Hall,
House of Learning, or Hospital ; all publick Professors, Readers in
The Uniformity Act 2>7
either University, and in every College and elsewhere; and all
Parsons, Vicars, Curates, Lecturers ; and every School-Master keeping
any publick or private School ; and every Person instructing Youth in
any private Family, shall before the Feast of St. Bartholomew 1662,
subscribe to the following Declaration (viz.) I A.B. do declare, that
it is not lawful upoai any Pretence whatsoever, to take Arms against
the King ; and that I do abhor that traitorous Position of taking Arms
by his Authority, against his Person, or against those that are
comfnissioned by him ; and that I will conform to the Liturgy of the
Church of England, as it is by Law established. And I do hold,
that there lies no Obligation upon me, or on any other Person, from
the Oath commonly called the Solemn League and Covenant, to
endeavour any Change or Alteration of Government either in Church
or State; and that the same was in itself an unlawful Oath, and
imposed upon the Subjects of this Realm against the known laws
and Liberties of this Kingdom.
This Declaration is to be subscribed by the Persons above-
mentioned before the Archbishop, Bishop, or Ordinary of the Diocese,
on Pain of Deprivation, for those who were possessed of Livings;
and for School-Masters and Tutors three Months Imprisonment for
the first Offence ; and for every other Offence three Months Imprison-
ment, and the Forfeiture of five Pounds to his Majesty. Provided
that after the 25th of March, 1682, the Renouncing of the Solemn
League and Covenant shall be omitted.
It is further enacted, that no Person shall be capable of any
Benefice, or presume to consecrate and administer the holy Sacrament
of the Lord's Supper, before he be ordained a Priest by Episcopal
Ordination, on pain of forfeiting for every offence one hundred
Pounds. No Form, or Order of Common-Prayer shall be used in any
Church, Chapel, or other Place of publick Worship, or in either of
the Universities, than is here prescribed and appointed. None shall
be received as Lecturers, or be permitted to preach, or read any
Sermon or Lecture in any Church or Chapel, unless he be approved
and licensed by the Archbishop or Bishop, and shall read the Thirty
Nine Articles of Religion, with a Declaration of his unfeigned Assent
and Consent to the same ; And unless the first Time he preaches any
Lecture or Sermon he shall openly read the Common-Prayer, and
declare his Assent to it ; and shall oh the first Lecture-Day of every
Month afterwards before Lectiwe, or Sermon read the Common-
Prayer and Service, under pain of being disabled to preach; and if
he preach while so disabled, to suffer three Months' Imprisonment for
every Offence. The several Laws and Statutes formerly made for
Uniformity of Prayer &c. shall be in force for confirming the present
Book of Common-Prayer, and shall be applied for punishing all
Offences contrary to the said Laws, with relation to the said Book,
38 The Ejected of 1662
and no other. A true printed Copy of the said Book is to be
provided in every Parish Church, Chapel, College and Hall, at the
Cost and Charge of the Parishioners, or Society, before the Feast of
St. Bartholomew, on pain of forfeiting three Pounds a Month, for so
long as they shall be unprovided of it.^
Obviously this Act did not err on tlie side of generosity;
and it Avas not meant that it should. The spirit of those
who were responsible for it will be evident from what
Dr. Sheldon, the Bishop of London, subsequently Arch-
bishojD of Canterbury, said. Referring to the Uniformity
Act, Dr. Allen remarked: — " 'Tis pity the Door is so
strait": Sheldon replied : — "' 'Tis no pity at all; if we
had thought st) many of them would have conformed we
would have made it straiter." 2 This harsh and vindictive
temper reveals itself also in the shortness of the time
limit fixed between the passing of an Act of such a
momentous character and the date Avhen it was to come
into operation. " The Book of Common Prayer with the
new corrections was that to which they were to subscribe,"
says Bishop Burnet, "but the corrections were so long a
preparing, and the vast number of copies, above two
thousand, that were to be wrought off for all the parish
churches of England, made the impression go on so
slowly, that there were few books set out to sale when
the d"ay came. So, many that were affected to the
church, but that made conscience of subscribing to a book
that they had not seen, left their benefices on that very
account. Some made a journey to London on purpose to
see it. With so much precipitation was that matter
driven on, that it seemed expected that the clergy should
subscribe implicitly to a book they had never seen. This
was done by too many, as I was informed by some of the
bishops." ^ jSTeal adds that there was " not one Divine
in ten that lived at any considerable Distance from
London that did peruse it within that Time." "* Additional
1. Hist. Pur., vol. iv, pp. 359-362.
2. Ibid., p. 366.
3. History of his own Times, p. 126 (William Smith).
4. Hist. Pur., vol. iv, p. 363.
►
The Conventicle Act 39
hardship was caused, and designedly so, in ordaining that
the Act was to come into force on St. Bartholomew's Day.
This day was fixed upon, says Bishop Burnet, that " if
they were then deprived, they should lose the profits of
the whole year, since the tithes are commonly due at
Michaelmas." ^
The prime author of this Act was Edward Hyde, Earl
of Clarendon. "A strong man," passionately devoted to
his Church, enthused with the Laudian spirit, he scrupled
not at the harshest proceedings necessary in his judgment
to strengthen the position of the Church, of which he was
such a zealous friend and champion; and it will be well
at this point to indicate briefly two other measures, his
handiwork also, the appropriate sequel to his Uniformity
Act. The one was the Conventicle Act of 1664. It
declared : —
The 35th of Queen Elizabeth to be in full force, which condemns
all Persons refusing peremptorily to come to Church, after Conviction,
to Banishment, and in case of Return, to Death, without Benefit of
Clergy. It enacts furthei% " That if any Person above the age of
sixteen, after the first of July, 1664, shall be present at any Meetirfg,
under Colour or Pretence of any Exercise of Religion, in other
manner than is allowed by the Liturgy or Practice of the Church of
England, where shall be five or more Persons than the Household,
shall for the first Offence suffer three Months Imprisonment, upon
Record made upon Oath under the Hand and Seal of a Justice of
Peace ; or pay a Sum not exceeding five Pounds ; for the second
Offence six Months Imprisonment, or ten Pounds ; and for the third
Offence the Offender to be banished to some of the American Plantations
for seven Years, or pay one hundred Pounds, excepting New England
and Virginia ; and in case they return, or make their Escape, such
Persons are to be adjudged Felons, and suffer Death without Benefit
of Clergy. Sheriffs, or Justices of Peace, or others commissioned by
them, are empowered to dissolve, dissipate, and break up all unlawful
Conventicles, and to take into Custody such of their Number as
they think fit. They who suffer such Conventicles in their Houses
or Barns are liable to the same Forfeitures as other Offenders. The
Prosecution is to be within three Months. Married women taken at
Conventicles are to be imprisoned twelve Months, unless their
Husbands pay forty Shillings for their Redemption. This Act to
1. History of his own Times, p. 126.
40 The Ejected of 1662
continue in force for three Years after the next Session of Parlia-
ment. '
The other was the Five Mile Act of 1665, which ordained
that : —
Nonconformist Ministers shall not after the 24th of March, 1665,
unless in passing the Road, come, or be within five Miles of any City,
Town Corporate, or Borough that sends Burgesses to Parliament; or
within five Miles of any Parish, Town or Place wherein they have
since the Act of Oblivion been Parson, Vicar or Lecturer &c. or when
they have preached in any Conventicle on any Pretence whatsoever,
before they have taken and subscribed the abovesaid Oath ^ before
the Justices of Peace at their Quarter Sessions for the County,
in open Court; upon Forfeiture for every such Offence of the Sum
of Forty Pounds, one third to the King, another third to the Poor,
and a third to him that shall sue for it- And it is further enacted.
That such as shall refuse the Oath aforesaid shall be incapable of
teaching any publick or private Schools, or of taking any Boarders or
Tablers to be taught or instructed, under pain of Forty Pounds, to
be distributed as -above. Any two Justices of Peace, upon Oath made
before them of any Offence committed against this Act, are empowered
to commit the Offender to Prison for Six Months, without Bail or
Mainprize.'
This series of Acts, whose * animus towards everything
bearing the semblance of Nonconformity is so marked, is
generally referred to as the " Clarendon Code."
Returning to the Uniformity Act, as might be expected,
considerable numbers, in various parts of the country,
accepted the new condition of things and so retained their
livings. Baxter names three sets of Conformists : —
(1) Some of the old Ministers, called Presbyterians formerly, who
had been in possession before the King came in.
(2) Those called Latitudinarians, mostly Cambridge men, Platonists
or Cartesians, many of them Arminians, with some additions.
1. Hist. Pur., vol. iv, p. 394.
2. I, A. B. do swear, that it is not lawful upon any Pretence whatso-
ever, to take Arms against the King : and that 1 do abhor that
traiterous Position of taking Arms by his Authority, against his Person,
or against those that are commissioned by him, in pursuance of such
Commissions : and that I will not at any Time endeavour any Alteration
of Government either in Church or State. (Hist. Pur., vol. iv, p. 400.)
3. Hist. Pur., vol. iv, pp. 400, 401.
Nonconformists 4 1
(3) Those that were heartily Conformists throughout, zealous for
the Diocesan Party and the Cause.'
A great number, however, refused to conform, and con-
sequently were silenced or ejected; and these were among
the most cultured, hard working, devout and saintly
Ministers in the Church. Baxter classes them under the
four following heads : —
(1) Some few (of my acquaintance) who were for the old Con-
formity, for Bishops, Prayer Book, Ceremonies, the Old Subscripticm
and against the imposing and taking of the Covenant (which they
never took) and the Parliament's wars. They were however unable
to subscribe their " assent and coaisent to all things now imposed."
(2) A greater number of no Sect or Party, but abhorring the very
Name of Parties ; who like Ignatius's Episcopacy but not the English
Diocesan Frame : and like what is good in Episcopals, Presbyterians
or Independents ; but reject somewhat as evil in them all : being of
the Judgment which I have described myself to be in the beginning
of this Book : that can endure a Liturgy, and like not the Imposition
of the Covenant ; but cannot Assent and Consent to all things required
in the Act, nor absolve three Kingdoms from all Obligation by their
Vows to endeavour in their Places the Alteration of the English
Diocesan Form of Government.
(3) The Presbyterians, the soberest and most judicious, unanimous,
peaceable, faithful, able, constant Ministers in the Lord, or that I
have heard or read of in the Christian World.
(4) The Independents, for the most part a serious godly People,
some of them moderate, going with Mr. Norton and the New England
Synod and little differing from the moderate Presbyterians, and as
well ordered as any Party that I know ; but others more raw and self-
conceited and addicted to Separations and Divisions, their Zeal being
greater than their Knowledge who have opened the door to Anabaptists
first and then to all the other Sects. 2
Baxter himself was one of the very first to refuse
Conformity, being at the time without " place but only
that I preached twice a Week by Request in other Men's
Congregations (at Milkstreet and Blackfriars)."^ He
preached his last sermon in this capacity on May 25th,
1660, just six days after the Royal signature was appended
1. Eel. Bax., pp. 386, 387.
2. Ihid., p. 387.
3. Ihid., p. 384.
42 The Ejected of 1662
to the measure. His reason for acting thus early is given
in the following terms : —
I would let all Ministers in England understand in time, whether
I intended to Conform or not : For had I stayed to the last day some
would have Conformed the sooner, upon a Supposition that I intended
it.'
Others, however, in London and elsewhere, preached
Farewell Sermons, and took leave of their congregations
in most affecting circumstances the Sunday immediately
preceding St. Bartholomew's Day. " Such a passionate
Zeal for the Welfare of their People ran through their
Sermons," says Neal, "as dissolved their Audiences into
Tears." 2
The number of men thus silenced and ejected is usually
given as two thousand. It will at once be suspected that
this is only a general term, and the information necessary
to preciseness in the matter is never likely to be forth-
coming. All investigation, however, goes to show that
the figure is none too high. Writes Principal Gordon : —
Calamy's own volmnes record the names of 2465, including after-
conformists. Palmer has added others. Neither Calamy nor Palmer
is exhaustive. In every county where the list has been tested by
modern research, it has been extended. Thus, in Cheshire, Calamy
and Palmer give fifty-two names : Urwick produces authority for
sixty-two. For Norfolk and Suffolk, Calamy and Palmer supply one
hundred and eighty-two names : Browne, while removing two (one
ejected in another county), adds fourteen, on the authority of
ecclesiastical registers. On the whole, Oliver Hey wood may be right
in estimating those permanently disabled by the Act of Uniformity at
2500 : while Baxter is probably justified in saying that about 1800
of them entered on active work in the Nonconformist ministry.'
Mr. Bate in his recent work says : —
As regards the numbers ejected, after some months' work upon the
question, we would offer the following statistics, at the same time
giving warning that though they may be more accurate than any
offered hitherto, much remains to be done before reliable statistics
can be obtained.
Ejected in England and Wales between May, 1660, and St.
Bartholomew, 1662, — 450. Ejected in England and Wales at St.
1. Eel. Bax., p. 384.
2. Hist. Pur., vol. iv, p. 369.
3. Eng. U. Hist., p. 80.
Calamy's Figures 43
Bartholomew — 1,800. These figures do not include schoolmasters, or
clergy who were merely silenced.'
When we come to examine the area with which we
are specially concerned, it will be found to present
peculiarities quite its own; to show that while Calamy's
list is in no way inflated, its testimony in reference to the
number of men displaced is less marked in that direction
than in the cases just cited.
The lot of these "on ted" men was one of great hardship
and suffering. Baxter, who was not given to exaggeration
in these matters, says : —
Hundreds of able Ministers, with their Wives and Children, had
neither House nor Bread : For their former Maintenance served them
but for the time, and few of them laid up anything for the future :
For many of them had not past 30 or iOl per Annum apiece, and
most but about 60 or 80^ per Annum, and very few above 1001, and
few had any considerable Estates of their own. The Peoples Poverty
was so great, that they were not able much to relieve their INIinisters.
The Jealousie of the State, and the Malice of their Enemies were so
great, that People that were willing durst not be known to give to
their ejected Pastors, least it should be said that they maintained
Schism, or were making Collections for some Plot or Insurrection.*
Calamy, upon very reliable authority, tells many touch-
ing stories of the straits to which these men were reduced,
and contemporary records support the Historian in his
"Account."^ Neal contends that their hardships were
1. The Declaration of Indulgence, 1672. Appendix II. I confess to
some surprise that Mr. Bate should venture these figures after only
"some months' work upon the question." They may be quite correct,^
but from the very nature of the case they cannot be more than a guess.
After some years' work upon only a fraction of the area covered by
Calamy, I have come to the conclusion that a really scientific examina-
tion of his work means stupendous labour. Superficial defects may more
easily be removed, and, perhaps, even that is worth doing ; but a
thorough testing of Calamy's figures and revision of his work is almost
beyond pos-sibility for any one man. One fact alone will make this
clear. That work cannot be properly done without an examination of
the Registers of each Parish ; and " who is sufficient for these things ?"
2. Rel. Bax., p. 385.
3. Vide Adam Martindale's Diary, Henry Newcome's Autobiography
and Diary, Diary of Roger Lowe, Thomas Jollie's Note Book, George
Larkham's Cockermouth Ch. Bk. and Oliver Haywood's Diaries.
44 The Ejected of 1662
greater far tlian tliose which overtook the Roman Catholics
in Queen Elizabeth's Protestant Reformation, or the
Loyalists in the time of the Civil War. The latter state-
ment, in particular, has been frequently contravened, and
still is. It has often been asserted that the whole period
from 1646 to 1660, during which Presbyterianism and the
Commonwealth were in the ascendency, was a tyranny of
the worst type, and especially a religious tyranny.
Walker, whose book was intended as a counterblast to
Calamy's, by his exaggerations has helped to strengthen
that idea. ^ Doubtless there were cases of real hardship
and suffering among the Sequestered Clergy, "Toleration
1. " If it were worth while," says Dr. Brown, " to test Walker's
statements through all the counties of England and Wales, it would
probably be found that his 8,000 would shrink to about 1,800, and that
many of the stories he was told, and honestly believed, would turn out
to be myths." (Commonwealth England, p. 74.) To this may be added
the testimony of Richard Baxter, no friend to Cromwell and his rule :
" I must needs say, that in all the Countreys where I was acquainted,
six to one at least (if not many more) that were Sequestred by the
Committee, were by the Oaths of Witnesses proved insufficient, or
scandalous, or both ; especially guilty of Drunkenness or Swearing ; and
those that being able, godly Preachers were cast out for the War alone,
as for their Opinions Sake, were comparatively very few. This I know
will displease that Party; but this is true." (Rel. Bax., p. 74.)
Dr. Brown's criticism of Walker is here cited not because in the matter
of its numbers it commends itself to my judgment. I have not tested
Walker's statements " through all the counties of England and Wales,"
and, therefore, am not competent to pronounce in relation to the whole
question ; but, so far as Cumberland and Westmorland are concerned,
the evidence tells strongly in the other direction. As tiie reader
proceeds he will meet with name after name which finds no place in
Walker's list, and yet the Sequestration is beyond all doubt- Walker
may have somewhat inflated his list, the tendency in these matters is to
do so; but it is only right to say that the evidence for this is not
furnished in our area. It is the second part of Dr. Brown's criticism,
in which he is in agreement with Baxter, upon which the accent should
be put. Walker's pages are full of the idle gossip of the time ; and
many of the pictures of suffering which he sketches were largely
imaginative, though doubtless honestly believed by their author; while
the character of a very large proportion of the Sequestered was entirely
inconsistent with the duties of their sacred calling.
Sequestration 45
was a new idea,"^ says Professor Gwatkin, and, because
new, must have been very imperfectly developed. In the
bour of their ascendency, the Presbyterians called the civil
power to their assistance to coerce the consciences of others
to such an extent that Milton in his scathing lines on
" new Forcers of Consciences," said " new Presbyter is but
Old Priest writ large." Even Cromwell, probably the
most liberal minded and tolerant man of his day, by his
"proclamation of November 25th, 1655, forbade seques-
tered or ejected ministers to keep any school either public
or private, or either publicly or privately (except in their
own family), preach or use the Book of Common Prayer.
But Cromwell seems to have meant this rather in terrorem
than for serious use." ^ That this was so is made clear by
the case of Robert Rickerby, who, after being sequestered
from Cockermouth, served as Schoolmaster at Crosthwaite,
and actually received Augmentation grants as such.^
It has already been intimated that the charges brought
against the Clergy thus sequestered more than justified
their removal. They were charges of neglect or
" delinquency," the Incumbents in some cases having
gone to the King's quarters and deserted their cures ; of
" scandalousness," the holders of not a few of the livings
being openly dissolute and immoral, as well as ignorant
and incompetent; and of "malignancy," the Incumbents
being violent opponents of the ruling authority, and using
their positions to preach rebellion. Apart from all this,
however, two or three things emerge clearly out of the
chaos of that period, which place in striking contrast the
conduct of the men who were responsible for these Seques-
trations, when set sfde by side with that of those who
framed and enforced the Uniformity Act of 1662. A
careful examination of the three MSS. in the British
1. The Cambridge Modern History, vol. v, p. 326.
2. Ibid., p. 328.
3. Vide pp. 658, 683.
46 The Ejected of 1662
Museum covering the years 1644—7/ also of the Bodleian
MSS. and other documents, furnishes the following facts,
all of which receive illustration in the area with which
we are concerned : —
1. Pluralism, one of the crying scandals of the time,
was vigorously assailed by the Committee of Plundered
Ministers, the aim being to secure a more effective ministry
and care of the various parishes. ^ Dr. Shaw seems to
suggest that this was one of many " excuses " of which
the Committee eagerly availed themselves, for the
purpose of sequestering the Hoyalist Clergy;^ but such
was not the case. The men in question were summoned
before the Committee to elect which living they would
keep and which relinquish ; and it was not because they
were Poyalist Clergy that they were ordered to make
this choice. It was the principle of Pluralism that was
assailed, the root of much neglect and spiritual destitution,
and the Royalist not less than the Parliamentarian
was frequently left undisturbed in his single living.
Dr. Shaw's treatment of this question of Sequestration
is the least satisfactory part of his valuable work. He is
too much in bondage to the traditional view, the view
which is the product of ecclesiastical bias, the view of
Walker and his School. He assumes that the regnant
power was bound to retaliate, to satisfy the clamours of
its supporters and sycophants ; but the evidence for this is
not forthcoming. It has already been stated that cases
of real hardship doubtless occurred. That would be in-
evitable because of the disturbed condition of the times,
and because local feeling counted for so much; but
everything goes to show that responsible authorities
sought to deal justly, often indeed generously, with men
1. Additional MSS., Nos. 15669—15671.
2. This was in accordance with the Act " against the enjoying of
pluralities of benefices by Spiritual persons and non-residence," which
was passed Jan. 16, 1642-3.
3. Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 188.
I
Pluralism 47
who were even known not to be in sympathy with them.
Where a Clergyman used his position to preach sedition,
his " malignancy " not infrequently cost him his living ;
and it is difficult to see how it could have been otherwise.
He had simply become a political partisan ; and, assuming
that the preservation of the Commonwealth was their
care, it was scarcely to be expected that ruling authorities
would actually place men in positions of vantage, which
they would employ with a view to their own subversion.
The chief religious aim of the Commonwealth regime was
to establish a godly, " painefull," and efficient ministry,
decently supported, throughout the country. In doing
this, it singled out Pluralism for special attack ; and there
was need, for the system largely prevailed and its evils
were most serious. No better evidence of the viciousness
of Pluralism can be furnished than the entries in Bishop
Nicolson's A^isitation Book and Diaries.^ The picture
which he sketches of the condition of the Clergy, and the
Churches in the Carlisle Diocese at the beginning of the
18th Century, mainly as the result of this system, is
unspeakably sad. That it is not overdrawn we may be
quite certain ; but there was scarcely a place of which he
could speak in terms of unrestricted praise. He tells us
that the Church buildings were ill kept ; the " quires
nasty," to use his own strong and expressive language;
and the Incumbents disorderly in their conduct and
doubtful in their character. It was this sort of thing
which led to such widespread Sequestration in Common-
wealth days.
2. Where Sequestration was threatened full warning
was given and the convenience of the Sequestered was in
every way considered. The marvellous patience of the
Committee with Bernard Robinson of Torpenhow, whose
Royalist proclivities were most pronounced, and whose
" malignancy " against the Government was so marked,
is quite an outstanding fact in the story of that place. 2
1. Miscel. ; also Diaries — Trans. (N.S.), vols, i — v. Vide also Dr.
Brown's "English Puritans," p. 68.
2. Vide p. 574.
48 The Ejected of 1662
3. On August ITtli, 1643, Parliament ordained that a
Fifth of a Sequestered living should be given to the wife
of the Sequestered Minister for the maintenance of
herself and children. This ordinance is much depreciated
by certain writers, but the MSS. in question make it
perfectly plain that the Plundered Ministers' Committee
were most anxious that it should be anything but a dead
letter. The case of William Cole of Kirkby Lonsdale is
particularly interesting from that point of view. He had
taken the place of Greorge Buchanan, and being charged
with neglecting or refusing to pay the usual Fifths to
the Sequestered Yicar's wife, though he was their own
nominee, the Committee gave definite instructions that
unless the Fifths with all arrears were paid within a
given time, the living should be sequestered from him.
It was much the same with Simon Atkinson of Lazonby,
and Richard Hutton of Caldbeck.^ It was human for
those men to object to such big slices being taken out of
their incomes; but the one thing upon which the Com-
mittee appear to have made up their mind, in carrying out
their Sequestration orders, was that needless suffering
should not be inflicted ; that, at any rate, the wives and
children should be protected as far as possible. It is
impossible, as we read these things, not to feel that the
conduct of the Commonwealth Sequestrators stands in
pleasant contrast to that of Clarendon, Sheldon and others,
who framed and administered the Uniformity Act of
1662.
Clarendon fell from power in 1667, and fled to France
for safety, where he passed the rest of his life; but the
repressive legislation, of which he had largely been the
author, continued in force ; and, in 1670, the Conventicle
Act was renewed and made more stringent, the penalties
imposed upon Nonconformists being considerably heavier
than those of the previous Act.
On the 15th of March, 1671-2, Charles issued his
famous Declaration of Indulgence, which suspended the
1. Vide pp. 319, 549.
Indulgence Declaration 49
operation of all the penal enactments just enumerated,
and gave Nonconformists permission to have their own
religious worship in places licensed for the purpose. As
this document is of supreme importance it is here printed
in extenso : —
Charles Rex.
Our Care and Endeavours for the Preservation of the Rights and
Interests of the Church, have been sufficiently manifested to the
World, by the whole Course of our Government since our happy
Restoration, and by the majiy and frequent Ways of Coercion that
we have used for reducing all erring or dissenting Persons, and for
composing the unhappy Differences in Matters of Religion, which we
found among -our Subjects upon our Return ; but it being evident by
the sad Experience of twelve Years, that tl: ere is very little Fruit of
all these forcible Courses, We think our self obliged to make use
of that supream Power in Ecclesiastical Matters which is not only
inherent in us, but hath been declared and recognized to be so, by
several Statutes and Acts of Parliament; and therefore we do now
accordingly issue this our Declaration, as well for the quieting of our
good Subjects in these Points, as for inviting Strangers in this
Conjuncture to come and live under us ; and for the better Encourage-
ment of all to a chearful following of their Trades and Callings, from
whence we hope, by the Blessing of God, to have many good and
happy Advantages to our Government ; as also for preventing for the
Future the Danger that might otherwise arise from private Meetings
and seditious Conventicles. And in the first Place, we declare our
express Resolution, Meaning and Intention to be that the Church of
England be preserved, and remain entire in its Doctrine, Discipline
and Government as mow it stands established by Law; and that
this be taken to be, as it is, the Basis, Rule, and Standard of the
general and publick Worship of God, and that the Orthodox conform-
able Clergy do receive and enjoy the Revenues belonging thereunto,
and that no Person, tho' of a different Opinion and Persuasion, shall
be exempt from paying his Tithes, or other Dues whatsoever. And
further we declare, that no person shall be capable of holding any
Benefice, Living, or Ecclesiastical Dignity or Preferment, of any kind
in this our Kingdom of England, who is not exactly conformable.
We do in the next place declare our Will and Pleasure to be, that
the Execution of all, and all manner of Penal Laws in Matters
Ecclesiastical, against whatsoever Sort of Non-Conformists or
Recusants, be immediately suspended, and they are hereby suspended ;
and all Judges, Judges of Assize and Gaol Delivery, Sheriffs, Justices
of Peare, Mayors, Bailiffs, and other Officers whatsoever, whether
E
50 The Ejected of 1662
Ecclesiastical or Civil, are to take Notice of it, and pay due Obedience
thereunto.
And that there may be no Pretence for any of our Subjects to
continue their illegal Meetings and Conventicles, we do declare, that
we shall from Time to Time allow a sufficient Number of Places, as
they shall be desired, in all Parts of this our Kingdom, for the Use
of such as do not conform to the Church of England, to meet aaad
assemble in order to their publick Worship and Devotion, which
Places shall be open and free to all Persons.
But to Prevent such Disorders and Inconveniences as may happen
by this our Indulgence, if not duly regulated ; and that they may be
the better protected by the Civil Magistrate, our express Will and
Pleasure is, that none of our Subjects do presume to meet in any
Place, until such Places be allowed, and the Teacher of that Congre-
gation be approved by us.
And lest any should apprehend that this Restriction should make
our said Allowance and Approbation difficult to be obtained, we do
further declare, that this our Indulgence, as to the Allowance of the
publick Places of Worship, and Approbation of the Preachers, shall
extend to all sorts of Non-Conformists and Recusants, except the
Recusants of the Roman Catholick Religioai, to whom we shall in no
wise allow publick Places of Worship, but only indulge them their
Share in the common Exemption from the Penal Laws, and the
Exercise of their Worship in their private Houses only.
And if after this our Clemency and Indulgence any of our Subjects
shall pretend to abuse this Liberty, and shall preach seditiously, or
to the Derogation of the Doctrine, Discipline or Government of the
Established Church, or shall meet in Places not allowed by us, we
do hereby give them Warning and declare, we will proceed against
them with all imaginable Severity. And we will let them see, we can
be as severe to punish such Offenders when so justly provoked, as
we are indulgent to truly tender Consciences.
Given at our Court at Whitehall this 15th Day of March in the
four and Twentieth Year of our Reign. ^
This Declaration was generally welcomed by Noncon-
formists because of the relief which it offered. Some
scrupled and hesitated, but they were comparatively
few. Staunch men and advanced like Thomas Jollie of
Wymondhouses, and George Larkham of Cockermouth,
held Thanksgiving Services and secured their Licenses at
the earliest convenient moment. The first batch was
issued as early as April 2nd, 1672, little more than a
1. Hist. Pur., vol. iv, pp. 443-445.
Indulgence Licenses 5 1
fortnight after the Indulgence had been made public;
and there was quite a large* number of them. It is
interesting to note that the second License issued was for
" Theophilus Polwheele, M.A.," formerly a Cumberland
Minister, then resident at Tiverton ; and that " Comfort
Starre " also, previously at Carlisle, then at Sandwich,
Kent, and William Baldwin at Chisnall, Lancashire,
where Eoger Baldwin, formerly of Penrith, preached,
appear in the earliest list of applicants.
Allowing somewhat for a vigorous imagination, Mr.
J, B. Marsh catches the spirit of the time as he thus vividly
describes the reception of the Indulgei ce Declaration in
the country : —
Carriers in charge of country waggons spread the intelligence in
every little village through which they passed. Guards of fast coaches
caused the Declaration to be read aloud by the landlords of inns at
which they stopped to bait or change their horses. Itinerant
preachers carried the Declaration in their Bibles and read it to the
congregations to which they preached. And whether the news was
told in barn or kitchen, in cellar or wainscotted chamber, everywhere
it excited exceeding happiness. The fact of the Indulgence added
point to many a sermon, inspired the devotion of many a prayer, and
gave volume to the singing of many a psalm- The tin-streamers as
they laboured amoaigst the gorse on the hill-sides of Cornwall, spoke
to each other joyfully of the great concessions made by the King.
The weavers of Lancashire, as they bent over their looms, sang psalms
in their joy, and were no longer fearful of the listeners who might
be at their doors. The armourers of Warwickshire, the blacksmiths
of Northumberland, the coal-winners of Wales, partook of the general
joy. Artisans in towns, and fishermen on the coasts, manifested a
similar amount of enthusiasm ; while poor hinds, as they drove their
awkward ploughs through the rich soil, chanted psalms with glad
hearts because of the King's Indulgence.'
It is not easy to fix precisely the number of Licenses
issued; but the writer just quoted, who had made a
careful study of the original documents, in the Record
Office, says : —
Altogether there were granted between April 2nd, 1672, and
February 3rd, 1672-3,^ 3,356 licenses for preachers and preaching-
1. The Congregationalist for 1872, p. 464.
2. The Declaration was withdrawn on Feb. 7th, 1672-3.
52 The Ejected of 1662
places. Of that number 1,712 were preachers' licenses; and of the
remaining 1,644 licensed places simply, upwards of 1,000 were houses
belonging to men who were doubtless in the habit of preaching to
small congregations in their own dwellings, l
Mr. F, H. Blackburne Daniell, M.A., in his elaborate
and carefully prepared Introduction to the Calendar of
State Papers, 2 gives the number of personal Licenses
issued in England and Wales including three for
Guernsey as 1,481 ; while Mr. Bate says : "Allowing that
the numbers may need revision, 1,508 preachers were
licensed." ^
Professor Lyon Turner in answer to an enquiry sends
the following : —
The number of Licenses, excluding duplicates and triplicates, by
actual Counting; both for Teachers and Householders (for meeting
places) is as follows : —
1. Teachers :
i. England and Channel Islands 1,549
ii. Wales 65
Total 1,614
2. Householders :
i. England and Channel Islands 2,457
ii. Wales 109
Total 2,566
These make a Grand Total of 4,180 Individuals actually licensed in
1672/3. Of these :
Presbyterians were 935
Coaigregationalists
Baptists
No particular Denomination
Antinomian
464
210
4
1
1,614
Then there is the question of undated entries. Are they to be
reckoned as actually issued or not? There were over 1,100 entries
undated.
With reference to the original licenses still extant I have come upon
8 in addition to the 6 mentioned by Bate.
1. The Congregationali.st for 1872, p. 467.
2, Cal. S. P., Dom. for 1672—1673, p. xliii.
3. The Declaratiooi of Indulgence, 1672, p. 98.
Indulgence Licenses . 53
As just intimated the Licenses both for buildings and
persons were issued under certain denominational names,
the numbers being as stated in Prof. Turner's communi-
cation. Richard Baxter and Francis Bampfield are
simply called " IS^onconf orming " Ministers; two, Jerome
Gregorie in Buckinghamshire and John Axford in
Wiltshire, are without denominational name ; while
Richard Coore of Tonge, in Yorkshire, is described as an
"Antinomian." The Quakers do not appear : they applied
for no Licenses. Mr. Daniell from his careful analysis
of the License documents deduces some interesting facts
as to the relative strength of Nonconformity in various
parts of the country. " Some of the most remarkable
facts that appear," says he, " are (1) the great strength
of the Nonconformists in and about London and in the
West. Deducting duplicates, London, Middlesex, Surrey,
Essex, and Kent contain 272 ministers and the four
Western Counties, Devon, Dorset, Somerset, and Cornwall
263, being respectively a little over and a little under 18
per cent, of the total number. (2) Their weakness in the
four Northern Counties and in Wales. In the former
there were only 31, and in the latter only 45." ^ With
two of the Northern Counties we shall deal a little more
fully subsequently.
The original applications for Licenses are preserved in
the Record Office, and, doubtless, many a pathetic story
lies enshrined within the simple documents. " There
are some hundreds of pieces of paper," says Mr. Marsh,
" no bigger than the palm of a man's hand, containing
the name and address of the writer; many bear signs of
having been torn out of some book, others are large sheets
with as many as thirty addresses upon each." ^ Where a
1. Cal. S. P. Dom. for 1672-3, Intro., p. Ix. The whole of this Article
will repay careful study on the part of any one interested in these Indul-
gence Documents. It is necessary, however, to remember what has been
previously said in reference to the significance of the terms " Presby-
terian " and " Congregational " (vide p. 28).
2. The Congregationalist for 1872^ p. 465.
54 The Ejected of 1662
License was issued in full and proper form it is represented
in tlie E-ecord Office by three documents : —
1. Application for License accompanied sometimes by
a Petition from a considerable body of people.
2. Date of actual issue of License.
3. Receipt for tbe License thus issued. '
Not infrequently the applications appear to have been
duplicated, and sometimes the Licenses are undated, a
fact which has led to the conjecture that such were never
actually issued, i
The Licenses were of three kinds : —
1. To be a Preacher in a particular Place and to a
particular Congregation.
2. To be a Preacher at large.
3. For a particular Building.
The following is a specimen of the kind issued for
No. 1, blanks being left, of course, for names of
Persons, Places, and Congregations. This is the one
issued to John Angier of Denton ; it is still in existence.
Charles R.
Charles by the Grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France
and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c. To all Mayors, Bayliffs,
Constables, and other Our Officers and Ministers, Civil and Military,
whom it may concern, Greeting. In pursuance of Our Declaration of
the 15th of March, 167^. We have allov^red, and We do hereby allow
of a Rooms or Roomes in the house of John Angier of Manchester
pish in Lancash. to be a place for the Use of Such as do not conform
to the Church of England, who are of the Perswasion conunonly
called presbyterien to meet and assemble in, in order to their publick
Worship and Devotion. And all and singular Our Officers and
Ministers, Ecclesiastical, Civil and Military, whom it may concern,
are to take due notice hereof : And they, and every of them, are
hereby strictly charged and required to hinder any tumult or
1. The late Rev. Bryan Dale, M.A., however, in a letter to me shortly
before his death, said that this conjecture could not be sustained, as he
himself had found several undated Licenses in Yorkshire, which were
known to have been issued.
Dr. Butler 55
disturbance, and to protect them in their said Meetings and
Assemblies. Given at our Court at Whitehall, the 30th day of
September in the 24th year of Our Reign, 1672.
By His Majesties Commaoid.
John Angler's house. Arlington.*
The buildings tlius licensed for religious worship were
of every possible description : barns, brick kilns, out-
houses, private dwelling houses, an occasional Court
house, " newly erected meeting houses," and, in a few
instances, a Church or a Chapel. At first, however, there
was considerable difficulty in securing a License for the
latter kind of building, lest Nonconformist worship, as
thus observed, should prove to be a serious competitor to
that of the Established Church. This led Dr. Butler,2
who acted as a sort of intermediary between the Noncon-
formists on the one hand, and Sir Joseph Williamson and
Lord Arlington on the other, to take up their case. His
letter to Lord Arlington dated April 26th, 1672, is thus
epitomised : —
I should not be faithful if I concealed the daily growth of
jealousies. Protestant Dissenters conclude this their liberty, so
graciously, so freely granted by his Majesty, will be short lived in
regard it is so stifled in the birth. Public places, which, it was
declared, should be allowed, are now refused, and they licensed to no
more than what those of the Romish persuasion freely enjoy. They
say, why not Halls, Schools, or Chapels not endowed, they being by
declaration only debarred Church benefices ? Let others supply un-
endowed chapels with preaching ministers, Dissenters' desires of them
presently cease, otherwise they conclude where God hath his church,
the Devil might have his chapel, it being his great work to keep the
Gospel from being preached. Every day almost affords tidings (I can
show some) from the countries of the many frequent and fervent
blessing of God and the King. 'Tis great pity that anything, by
lessening his Majesty's so merciful grant, should be done to hinder so
good, so advantageous a work, as the getting the hearts of the people,
which now, as the heart of one man, begin to say — 'Long may your
Majesty live, and rule over us.' These are weighty reasons, I
conceive, rather of choice to allow them these public places.3
1. Copied from facsimile of original in " Historical Account of Dukin-
field Chapel," by Alexander Gordon, M.A., p. 28.
2. Vide p. 56, note 2.
3. Cal. S. P. Dom. for 1671-2, p. 381.
56 The Ejected of 1662
Previously, indeed only four days after the Indulgence
Declaration, Dr. Butler had made a number of sugges-
tions to Sir Joseph Williamson in reference to the matter,
all in the interests of those for whom the Indulgence was
intended. His letter, dated Tuesday, March 19th, 1671-2,
11 o'clock, is again summarised thus: —
(1) That some reasonable time be given to the countries for taking
licences. (2) That where no public meeting-house is, a private one be
allowed, but yet as public ; if they have not fixed it at present, that
time be given for it. (3) That they be licensed to preach in any
licensed place. (4) That they be licensed on particular occasions to
preach in private families as for fasting or thanksgiving. (5) That
all Nonconformists, which have not a people, but preach occasionally.,
may be licensed, being obliged to set the doors open, wherever they
shall so preach (Note by Williamson, 'Negatived'). (6) That so far
as with safety may be, a connivance be had to those whose wild
principles suffer them not to accept this act of so great grace (Noted
'Quakers, Fifth Monarchy'). (7) That the way of obtaining licence
be not made burdensome or troublesome. ... If to this great act of
grace were added a way for the people to come at justice in law cases
in a short time, I think it would be beyond the power of the devil
and bad men to give his Majesty any disturbance in his kingdoms.
These things will abundantly please.'
It has already been suggested that the securing of a
License required some effort. Generally it was done
through an agent, Dr. Butler ^ just mentioned acting in
that capacity.
1. Cal. S. P. Dom. for 1671-2, p. 217.
2. Professor Turner, in a letter, says that he was "a Church of
England Clergyman who was for ever place-seeking and hanging on the
Court through Prince Kupert and others." This, however, has been
found to be incorrect, that description applying to a Dr. John Butler,
who for some time was Chaplain to the English Colony at Breda and
afterwards to Prince Rupert on the "Royal George." The License
agent was Nicholas Butler, Doctor of Medicine, who obtained his degree
from Cambridge University by Royal Letters from Charles II. in
recognition of his volimtary service rendered to the suffering poor
during the Great Plague. He petitioned the King in 1672 for pardon
on having married a second time, his first wife, who had been divorced
for adultery, being still alive. He is an interesting person and
for some reason or other, championed very vigorously the Nonconformist
cause in this matter of Licenses.
Thomas Blood 57
The following letter from his pen throws light upon the
way in which these Licenses were obtained : —
Letter from Mr. Butler of London to a Dissenter in the Country.'
"Lond. Ap. 4th. '72.
I am not unmindful of friends, and therefore thought good to offere
my service to you and any of your brethren, in order to procuring
licenses. [They] shall cost nothing. Our London ministers have
returned thankes, and most have already taken out their licenses. Its
expected that someth : by way of addresse be sent from those in the
countrey. 2 examples I have sent you, coppyed by my men from the
originall ; the places must be mentioned and so licensed, the name of
the minister and his Persuasion, and so he wiH [would] not only be
licensed to this place, but to all places whatever we have licensed.
If you please you may direct your letter to mee in little St. Hellens in
Bishopgate Street,
I am
Sr. your loving friend
Nicholas Butler."^
John Hickes also served in a similar capacity. He was
the distinguished Nonconformist Minister ejected from
Stoke in Devonshire, who suffered death in 1685 in con-
nection with the Monmouth Eebellion.s
Colonel Thomas Blood was another of these License
agents. His theft of the Crown Jewels about twelve
months previously made him notorious. The Bradshaigh
MS. gives considerable information respecting attempts
made to effect his capture in Lancashire on other and
earlier charges. Sir William Morton, " one of his Maties
Justices of the Court of Kinges Bench," in his instructions
" to all Sherrif es Mayors Balliffes Constables head
boroughes Tythingmen & othr his Maties Officers as well
within Libertys," dated February 23rd, 1670-1, says: —
Whereas J am Credibly informed that Marke Bloud Thomas Bloud
and Willm Moore stand outlawed for high Treason in Ireland and
doe lurke up and downe in this Kingdome of England, Theise are
1. The author of the work from which it is extracted appends a note
to the effect that in all probability this Dissenter lived in Lancashire.
2. Presbyterian and General Baptist Chiorches in the West of England,
by Jerom Murch, p. 378.
3. Calamy, vols, ii, p. 248 ; iii, p. 333.
58 The Ejected of 1662
therefore to will & require you & in his Maties name to Charge &
Comand you & evry one of you upon sight hereof to make diligent search
and Inquiry in all suspected places within yor sevall pr'sincts where the
sd psons may bee ffound and use yor Uttmost Endeavours for the
Apprehension of the aforesd Marke Bloud Thomas Bloud and Willm
Moore, & ev'ry of them, And them to bringe before me or some other
of his Maties Justices of the peace neare the place where they or any
of them shall be taken &c.
Two letters relating to the matter addressed to Sir
Roger Bradshaigli, Deputy Lieutenant of the County of
Lancashire, are here appended : —
Honrd Sr.
Yors of the 24th. J thanke you for, and have Inclosed a discription
of Blood which J did allsoe on this day seavennight my Cossen Roger
Reed your Irs. as I was with him to see him take Coach to Puttney —
he din'd with a Create many Cheshire and Lancashire Gent, uppon A
Invitation of Doctor Smalewood who gave us a noble treate yesterday-
meane tyme aboute 3 of the Clocke in the afternoone the Dutches of
Yorke dy'd, This day his Matie is Expected in toune from New-
markett. The house is now upon the Law bill, And I beleeve wee
shall rise within this fortnight, since his Matie sent to us to make a
recesse on this day senight. I hope to see you soone after our risinge
of the house and therefore referr what I have to say till I see you
My Lord Ormond thankes you for your Care, & desires your Con-
tinuance Mr. Vice Chancellor gave you an account of what pass'd
Concerninge Tyldesley, I shall say noe more, but you may be very well
Satisfy'd with his Maties good opinion of you. My Service to your
good Lady Cossen Betty and all my good friends, to Betty my
Blessing, Bro : and Sister Errington p'sent there Service to you are
glad you seale your pte- God will reward you for your care of your
Betty and her Brothers. Brother Freddy doath much obstruct them.
I am Sorry things are not soe fairely Carry'd amongst soe neare
relaccons, I thought a poore Satisfaction for my Children, better then
to have longe Suite to greate hazard and Cost, Deare Sr I am
Yours
London Aprill L 71. R. Kiekby.
The house sitt raorninge and afternoone
and I am call'd downe into the house.
Mr. Blood is aslendor man some what Inclining to Tallnes, a Long
leane pale face with pocke holes in it, Smale Grey Eyes and hollow,
with a light Browne straight haire.
* this Blood and his Sone, and one ]\Ir. Moore were the psona who
attempted to Steale the Kings Crowne out of the Tower and had got
Thomas Blood 59
it to the 2d Gate they weare the psons allsoe suspected that Assaulted
James duke of Ormond in his Coach, and had taken him out to have
Murther'd him.
[* From this point the writing is in a later hand.]
A Copy of Mr. Jno. Willson of Warrington Ire [letter] Concerning
Blood & the rest.
Ever Honrd Sr.
You may phapps have thought yt I have beene to remisse in that
business you imploy'd me in Concerning Blood but in deed I have
beene Very Active and att Last I hope to effect ye business to your
desire. Sr I have made use of Thomas Benett who is Brother in
Lawe to Mr. Ed : Standish to Enquire wh>t sweet hearts Mrs :
Grimsdicte or her Daughters had & how often they came a wooinge
this was ye way I thought might prove the most prudent way to
discover what you Imployed mee to doe & the least suspected & he
hath found out yt there are 2 Gentlemen yt frequente yt house of
Grimsdicte & yt the one of ym is said to be Sonn to Sr. George
Warburton ye other his Companion but it is beleeved to be Blood &
his ffellow K — Sr. I am goeinge on as secretly as I can, & doe hope
by the assistance of Leivt. Coll. Daniell, who I knowe Is a greate
lover of my Lord Duke de Ormond as also of your Selfe & Coll.
Kirkby whos assistance I can have upon a very short warninge but if
possible I would have your Worsp theare when tyme is ; Sr you shall
have notice how things succeed and god Willing I will doe my Uttmost
Endeavours to serve you to best of my Skill or Last droppe of Blood :
Whilst I am
Warrington March the 19th 1670. John Wilson.
For the ever Honrd Sr. Roger Bradshaigh
Knt at his house Haigh.
These.'
Blood's pardon and restoration to Royal favour is one of
the most singular incidents in Charles's reign. His
marriage, on June 21st, 1650, with Maria, daughter of
Holcroft of Holcroft, Colonel in the Parliamentary Army,
appears in the Parish Registers of Newchurch, near
Warrington. He died August 26th, 1680. ^
Blood acted as License agent for George Larkham of
Cockermouth and Richard Gilpin, then at Newcastle.
Evidently in this, however, as in other matters, his actions
1. The Bradshaigh MS.
2. "Colonel Blood," by Whittenburg Kaye, pp. vii, 258.
6o The Ejected of 1662
were distinctly shady. Writing to " William Mascall,
chirurgeon at Romford," on May 14tli, 1672, he says : —
I enclose the licences you gave me a note for. If you need any
other places to be licensed, you can have them. There is no charge
for them, only it is agreed that 5s. for the personal licences be gotten,
and the doorkeepers and under clerks should afterwards be remembered
by a token of love.i
Two days after this Thomas Gilson, Nonconformist
Minister of Little Baddow, writes to Mr. Mascall as
follows : —
I have had a conceit that Blood has detained the personal licences
for me and Mr. Kiteley till you send him word of the money he
mentioned. Therefore if you write to him, write smartly that we
cannot take it kindly to be so disingenuously dealt with, as if he
would stop our personal licences, though he knows us both, and only
send down licences for our houses, which signify nothing without a
person ; and we should have takeji it better if he had sent down the
personal licences, and left to our courtesy what we would gratify the
clerks and doorkeepers with, rather than to have a sum imposed on
us, contrary to the King's express command that nothing should be
required, and therefore advise him to send down presently the personal
licences for us, lest we make our address some other way.2
A much more interesting person, who figures promin-
ently in connection with these Licenses, is Sir Joseph
Williamson, subsequently Secretary of State in succession
to Lord Arlington. He was a native of Cumberland,
being born at Bridekirk, near Cockermouth, where his
father, the E-ev. Joseph Williamson, was Vicar from 1626
to 1634, his death taking place in August of the latter
year. It was just twelve months previous to this that
young Joseph was born, as the following from the Bridekirk
Parish Registers shows : . —
1633 Aug 4 Josephus fil. Josephi Williamson Cler. Vicarij de Bride-
kirk Bapt.
"At his first setting out in the world," write Nicolson
and Burn, " the young man was entertained by Robert
Tolson esquire, representative in parliament for Cocker-
mouth, in the time of the great rebellion, as his clerk or
1. Cal. S. P. Dom. for 1671-2, p. 568.
2. Ibid., p. 689.
Sir Joseph Williamson 6i
amanuensis." ^ Whilst with his master, Mr. Tolson, in
London, he was introduced into Westminster School, and
being " a youth of a quick apprehension and unwearied
diligence," on the recommendation of the Head Master,
Dr. Busby, he went to Queen's College, Oxford. He
matriculated Nov. 18, 1650; took his B.A. Feb. 2, 1653-4;
M.A. by diploma Nov. 11, 1657; incorporated at Cam-
bridge 1659; was created D.C.L. June 27, 1674; became
barrister-at-law. Middle Temple, 1664, and of Lincoln's
Inn, 1672; Clerk of the Council and was knighted Jan. 24,
1671-2; Secretary of State 1674—1679; Member of Par-
liament for Thetford (1669 — 1689) in five Parliaments,
for Rochester (1690 — 1701) in four Parliaments; Clare in
Ireland 1692-5, Limerick and Portarlington, 1695; and
was President of the E-oyal Society, a position which he
resigned Feb. 9, 1678-9. His death took place on October
3rd, 1701, and he was interred in Westminster Abbey on
the 14th. To the College to which he owed so much, " in
his lifetime and at his death he gave in plate, books,
building and money to the value of £8,000. To the
grandchildren of Dr. Langbaine, his patron, [Provost of
Queen's College] he left by will £500. And he sent to
this parish [Bridekirk] gilt bibles and prayer books, velvet
covering and rich linen for the altar, with silver flagons
and chalices for the administration of the holy commu-
nion." 2 Sir Joseph Williamson was never permitted to
forget that he belonged to Cumberland. Whilst he was
at the State Secretary's office, letters and petitions to him
poured in continually from all sorts of people with all
kinds of requests; and judging from the language em-
ployed he was regarded in his native County as a sort of
divinity. It was an age of flattery, and in relation to
few men has this been more freely employed than it was
in reference to him.^ All this has made the little County,
1. Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, p. 101.
2. Nicolson and Burn, p. 101. Vide also Hutchinson, Foster's AI. Ox.,
Diet, of Nat. Biog., Wood's Athenae, Cals. S. P. Dom., and Letters to
Sir Joseph Williamson (Camden Soc, Second Series, vols. 8 and 9).
3. Vide pp. 437, 719.
62 The Ejected of 1662
remote though it was from the heart of the kingdom,
assume quite an importance in the State Papers of that
period.
The Licenses bear different dates. As previously
intimated some were taken very early, but others were
issued quite late.^ Doubtless the explanation is to be
found in a variety of things. Possibly the fact indicates
lack of faith in the efficacy of the License on the part of
some ; still more probable is it that local feeling and
opinion were such as made haste in the matter unneces-
sary. Possibly also many a romance lies in this delay, if
we only knew it. At any rate, whatever the explanation,
the fact is that some of the Licenses wer.e not petitioned
for and secured until within a month or two of the Declar-
ation being cancelled. On the 7th of February, 1672-3,
the Indulgence Declaration was withdrawn, " the king
breaking with his own hand the Great Seal appended to
it."^ The Declaration had been issued on the King's own
responsibility. It was not an Act of Parliament; it was
an exercise of that dispensing power which Charles
claimed to be vested in the Kingship; and it is curious to
note that it was the very Parliament which had shown
itself in all else to be so subservient, the Cavalier Parlia-
ment, whose Royalist sympathies were most pronounced,
that had maintained the Declaration to be illegal from
the first, had pressed incessantly for its recall, and which
now accomplished its purpose. Clearly the lessons of the
past had not been forgotten, the exercise of the Royal
prerogative was carefully watched, and even this Parlia-
ment kept strict guard over its own rights.
1. It is much to be regretted that in Mr. Bate's book, excellent in
many respects, there is the very serious defect of a list of these Licenses
without a single date. The list is not near so valuable as it would have
been if the dates had been supplied, while many of the errors, which
have already appeared in print, are perpetuated. This lack has been
met by the monumental work of Professor G. L. Turner, M.A., on
" Original Kecords of Early Nonconformity under Persecution and
Indulgence," which has just been issued.
2. Cal. S. P. Dom. for 1672-3, Intro., p. xxxvi.
The Great Schism 63
This was immediately followed by the Test Act requir-
ing all who held office in the State to receive the Sacrament
according to the Church of England and renounce the
doctrine of Transubstantiation. Complaint being made
that notwithstanding the withdrawal of the Indulgence
Declaration, Nonconformists still met for worship, acting
on the advice of the Bishops, on February 3rd, 1675-6,
Charles recalled all Licenses and commanded that care
should be taken for the suppression of all Conventicles.
What now was the result of all this religiously? The
creatfon of a Nonconformity that was to be a permanent
force in the religious life of the country. Efforts in the
direction of compromise and schemes of comprehension
had been repeatedly put forth from almost the beginning
of the Century. Richard Baxter, in particular, had
cherished the hope of a reunion of Protestant Christen-
dom, of such a modification of the doctrines, worship, and
polity of the Church of England as would permit of a
return to its Communion on the part of those who had
long been exiled from it; and, by speech and pen, in
season and out of season, he had laboured towards that
end. It is indeed quite pathetic to read the story of his
life as revealed in his own writings, and see how he clung
to this hope. He was not himself specially fitted to lead
in such a movement : he was too keen a controversialist
and his temper was too quick. But from whatever quarter
the suggestion of a reunion scheme came, it never failed
to find in him a sympathetic and quick response. There
can be little doubt, also, that at certain stages of the
conflict the prospects of reunion were remarkably favour-
able. At the Restoration, for example, had the returning
Episcopalians been more conciliatory and less unbending
a very large proportion of the Presbyterians, who had no
rooted objection either to Episcopacy as such, or to a State
Church, would have been won over; and the course of
religious history in this country during the last two
hundred and fifty years would have been altogether
different. The lex talionis, however, had too strong an
attraction for them; wiser and more moderate counsels
64 The Ejected of 1662
were set aside ; and there followed the years of repressive
and cruel legislation which have been briefly outlined,
with the result that English Christianity became hope-
lessly rent asunder. Baxter and others still dreamed of
Comprehension, but the dreams were impossible of fulfil-
ment : the current of separation had set in too strongly
to be diverted from its course. The " Great Schism " hqd
taken place, Nonconformity had got a definiteness of
character and a volume of life that prophesied perma-
nency for it. The two events just named — the Ejection
of 1662 and the Indulgence Declaration of 1672 — were
mainly responsible for this. Mr. Wakeman writes: —
Through all the mists and confusion generated by politics, the eye
of the historian can see clearly enough that the two systems of religion
were ever growing further and further away from each other, as they
developed themselves on their own religious lines by their own
religious power from the day of the birth of Puritanism in the reign
of Edward VI. to the day ot its final exclusion from the national
Church in 1662. There never was a time when they were compatible
with each other. There was often a time when it seemed that one
would completely exterminate the other. By 1662 it was clear that
neither comprehension nor extermination was possible, and as the
Church was in possession of the field, Puritanism had to go forth
into the wilderness. The Reformation struggle was ended. The
Church of England reformed on Catholic lines, and, freed from
Puritanism, was able to discharge her own duties to her own people
in her own way. Puritanism, relieved from its struggle for ascend-
ency over the Church, was able to develop its principles in the
freedom of voluntary societies. For a time, it is true, the toleration
which this altered state of affairs demanded was refused by politi-
cians ; but in the purely religious sphere the problems of the
Reformation were solved at the Restoration.*
It is not necessary to assume that in every particular that
passage is an accurate resume of the Puritan movement;
but its one correct pronouncement is that the Uniformity
Act marks the great dividing line in English History ;
and the same is true in reference to the Indulgence
Declaration of 1672. Dr. Edward Stillingfleet, Bishop
1. Hist, of the Church of Eng., by H. 0. Wakeman, M.A., pp. 387,
388.
Policy of Charles 65
of Worcester, dates from it what lie calls the " Presby-
terian Separation." 1
It is easy to see how the matter would work. The
Ejected Ministers frequently lingered in the neighbour-
hood in which they had lived and laboured. Generally
many of their parishioners were deeply devoted to them,
common suffering binding them still more closely together ;
and, even at considerable risk, when the days were most
threatening secret worship was occasionally held. Under
the Indulgence Declaration these would frequent their
licensed meeting places, and would serve as the nuclei for
the Nonconformist Churches, which arose when the advent
of William and Mary put an end to religious persecution
and secured for all Dissenters religious Toleration. The
policy of repression, therefore, pursued so unfalteringly
by a dominant Episcopacy after the Restoration was self
destructive. It was the Church which persecuted that
stood to lose. " So mistaken a policy," says Mr. Wake-
man, " brought its own retribution in the deadening of
spiritual life, and contributed to the loss of half the
English-speaking races to the allegiance of the Church." ^
The question now arises as to what was the policy of
Charles II. during all these years. What were his inten-
tions and aims? Historians, both ecclesiastical and
other, have done much to make Charles the Sphinx of
the 17th Century. The idea which has largely obtained
among them, and still does, is that he was abnormally,
almost supernaturally, clever; that he succeeded in hood-
winking all who were about him; that his true self
seldom, if ever, appeared upon the surface ; and that even
when he was most engrossed in pleasure he was faithful
to the two ideals which he had made his own, and for
whose realisation he was always steadily and secretly
endeavouring — the two ideals being Kingly Absolutism
and the re-establishment in his kingdom of Roman
Catholicism. It is interesting to note how this idea
1. Eng. U. Hist., p. 87.
2. Hist, of the Church of Eng., p. 393.
66 The Ejected of 1662
asserts itself even in authors who give evidence of anxiety
to escape its enthralment ; but in no case is it more
strongly and persistently emphasized than by John
Richard Green. He writes: —
The degradation of England was only a move in the political game
which he was playing, a game played with so consimomate a secrecy
and skill that it deceived not only the closest observers of his own
day but still misleads historians of ours. What his subjects saw in
their king was a pleasant, brown- faced gentleman playing with his
spaniels, or drawing caricatures of his ministers, or flinging cakes to
the water-fowl in the park. To all outer seeming, Charles was the
most consummate of idlers . . . meanwhile he went on patiently
gathering up what fragments of the old Royal power still survived,
and availing himself of whatever new resources offered themselves.
. . . He wished to break down English Protestantism. In heart he
had long ceased to be a Protestant. Whatever religious feeling he
had was on the side of Catholicism.^
The insertion of that passage is not at all to be taken
as suggesting that modern historians hold that view with
anything like the strength with which Green appears to
have done, Nor indeed is it easy to reconcile with it
much else that Green himself has written; but it is given
because it presents the view in question in such clear and
emphatic form. It may at once be conceded that Charles
had gifts of no mean order ; that his travels had furnished
him with a wide knowledge of men and things; that he
had leanings towards Roman Catholicism, as other Stuart
Kings had ; and that he found the idea of Kingly Abso-
lutism pleasant to entertain. I am not even disposed to
deny the story of his reception, as he lay dying, of Father
Huddleston, the priest who had saved his life after the
Worcester defeat, or even of his private reconciliation
with the Church of Rome; but it is denied that he had
any real care for either the one or the other, a care suffi-
ciently strong to induce him to take them as the ideals
of his life. The following points will assist in making
this position clear : —
Men never play at tyranny. That is the one thing
which is always taken seriously and lived openly. There
1. Short Hist, of the Eng. People, pp. 616-620.
Policy of Charles 67
is never any difficulty in discovering the Absolutist, either
in religion or in politics — the Church or the State. The
verdict of history is clear and decisive on that point. If
on the other hand Charles was a E-oman Catholic he was
an exceedingly indifferent and unprofitable one. During
all his long reign it is impossible to discover a single
thing which he did in furtherance of that faith. All the
repressive legislation of that period, which told so
heavily against Nonconformists, told with equal force
against Roman Catholics; and there is no evidence that
he ever sought to secure for them exemption. In the
Indulgence Declaration, which some say was intended
mainly in their interests, the exemption was the other
way. While it gave Nonconformists generally liberty
to license all kinds of buildings and hold their worship
publicly, it ordained that " the recusants of the Homan
Catholic religion should in no wise be allowed public
places of worship" ; but only that they should be indulged
" their share in the Common exemption from the penal
laws, and the exercise of their worship in their private
houses only." Then the Test Act, which followed almost
immediately, was deliberately aimed at them, and the
King raised no protesting voice. If Charles was of that
religious persuasion it owed him nothing; he risked
nothing; he achieved nothing for it.
Moreover, if the two things named were the ideals of
his life he entirely failed in their realisation. At the
end of his reign the re-establishment of Roman Catholic-
ism was less possible than it was at the beginning; and
the personal rule of the King had given way to rule by
Parliament.
During the greater part of his reign Charles was in the
hands of his ministers — his Junto, his Cabal. It was not
so much that he played off each against the other to
secure for himself position and power as that each played
himself and the King against the other with a view to his
own ends.
Charles's policy was determined by his character, and
his character appears in the distinctly illuminating sen-
68 The Ejected of 1662
tence which once escaped his lips, when he declared that
he had no intention " to set out on his travels again."
It was laughingly spoken, but it contained the one really-
fixed principle of his life. In more serious vein the
other words with which he is credited, when in reference
to Yane, who was being tried for treason, he said : — " He
is too dangerous a man to live if we can safely put him
away." The two statements, however, were the product
of the same spirit : it was his personal safety, convenience,
pleasure, to which he always gave first consideration. At
heart the Stuart Kings were considerable cowards.
Nobody questions that in relation to the first James. His
weakness and folly led to his being mockingly described
as " the wisest fool in Christendom." His son, Charles,
was much less an exception than would at first appear.
His fatal habit of lying was quite as much responsible
for the troubles of his reign as his obstinacy and wilful-
ness, and lying is always the coward's castle; while his
desertion of Strafford, after assuring him that " on the
word of a king " he should " not suffer in life, honour, or
fortune," was a pitiful piece of weakness, if not something
worse. The second James, again, after years of so called
resolute rule, completely collapsed in the supreme hour,
offered to concede et^erything which his opponents had
demanded, and eventually ran away from his kingdom.
Charles II. had this weakness of the Stuart character
emphasized to a high degree, and he was honest enough
not to attempt to be other than himself. He was always
receding from positions which he had taken up. It cost
him little to forget the Breda Declaration in which he
promised relief for " tender consciences," when his Par-
liament demanded the Act of Uniformity, which sent
those tender consciences into exile. The Indulgence
Declaration, which again was in the interests of the per-
secuted party, was withdrawn under the pressure of the
same Parliament. Too idle, too indulgent and voluptuous
to take in hand the affairs of the State, given up to women
and gambling, " Love's mere pensioner," like Gallio for
things of a serious character, he had no care whatever.
Policy of Charles 69
His policy was all with, a view to saving himself. He had
no deep religious convictions, or indeed deep convictions
of any kind. He was the great opportunist of his day.
Nor is it in the least difficult to account for those
rumours of his Romanist leanings, which were so frequent
in his time. The nation was feverishly Protestant; it
scented the Popish peril everywhere. Even Quakers were
charged with being E-onianists in disguise; and the Titus
Gates forgeries, which were accepted on evidence that
would not have borne a moment's investigation, witness
to the excited and hysterical state of public feeling. Not
too seriously even must be taken th.e Treaty of Dover,
completed on June 1st, 1670 ; according to which, among
other things, Charles was to acknowledge himself a
" Catholic whenever lie thought fit to do so" ; and in return
was to receive a large sum of money with considerable
troops from Louis of France to be employed in his defence
against his own people. The Treaty was a secret one, not
even known to two members of the Cabal ; and that Charles
was an adept in making promises, whose fulfilment sat
lightly upon his conscience, is almost axiomatic. One
thing is certain, viz., that he never "thought fit" to make
the necessary pronouncement, and that the fulfilment of
the promise was never attempted. Charles had simply
sold himself to France for money; and the Dover Treaty
proves nothing beyond the King's shameful weakness and
unreliability.
Charles's religious policy, therefore, was not dictated
by principles of cruelty : he had no thought of being a
persecutor of Nonconformists. There is no reason to
suppose that the Indulgence Declaration was other than
an honest attempt to put an end to the twelve years' sad
experience of repressive legislation, " during which little
fruit had resulted from all these forcible courses." There
is no evidence to show that the Uniformity Act, and the
other persecuting edicts which range themselves around
it, would ever have been passed, if behind him had not
been a minister like Clarendon and an ecclesiastic like
Sheldon. Charles clearly saw that the more of national
JO The Ejected of 1662
unrest there was, the more insecure was his throne.
There can, of course, be no admiration for a character
like that of Charles, who " laughed at religion when well
and turned to Catholicism when sick and serious" ; and
yet even his was the type that was calculated to
contribute to national progress at that particular time.
It filled up a sort of lacuna in the national life, which,
occupied by a character of a different type, would have
issued in disaster. His very weaknesses were the oppor-
tunity for the steady growth of the Constitutional spirit.
The nation was in no mood to play either with its Pro-
testantism or its liberties. James II. on succeeding
Charles, tried to do both ; and the result was calamitous
for himself. He did not lose his head, as his father did,
but he lost his crown. Charles the Second's reign made
certain the dethronement of James the Second and the
Revolution of 1688.^
1. The reader interested in the questions raised in this chapter in
addition to the works already cited will do well to consult the following :
The Creeds and Platforms of Congregationalism (Walker).
Congregationalists in America (Dunning).
Inner Life of the Religious Societies of the Commonwealth (Barclay).
The Puritan in England and New England (Byington).
The Congregationalism of the Last Three Hundred Years as seen in
its Literature (Dexter).
The Pilgrim in Old England (Bradford).
The Evolution of Congregationalism (Mackennal).
The England and Holland of the Pilgrims (Dexter).
Richard Baxter's Self Review &c. (Bishop of Chester).
Life of John Howe (Rogers).
Historical Enquiry (Wilson).
Presbyterian Chapels and Charities &c. (James).
English Puritanism (Bayne).
CHAPTER 11.
The Area.
It was originally intended to include in +liis area that
part of Lancashire which lies north of Morecambe Bay,
between the Kent on the one hand and the Irish Sea on
the other. This with the two Counties, Cumberland and
Westmorland, coincides almost exactly with the modern
Diocese of Carlisle. The work, however, has grown so
considerably that it has been found necessary to drop the
Lancashire portion, and restrict the enquiry to the two
Counties just named. The exception, hinted at in the
previous sentence, is the Parish of Alston, which, though
in the County of Cumberland, is in the Diocese of New-
castle. In reference to it Chancellor Ferguson thus
writes : —
The exclusion of the Cumberland parish of Alston from the diocese
of Carlisle may at first sight seem an anomaly, but it is not so. By
. all the laws of geography the parish belongs to the County of
Northumberland, and to the diocese of Durham, or since 1882, of
Newcastle ; the anomaly is that it belongs to the county of Cumber-
land, to which it has access only over a col, whose summit is 1,900
feet above the level of the sea. This arises from the fact that Alston
contained jura regalia, silver mines, whose profits the Crown of
England found it convenient to collect through the Sheriff of Cum-
berland and Alston thus became fiscally severed from the district to
which, ecclesiastically and geographically it belongs.^
In the north eastern part of the same County, also
contiguous to the Northumbrian border, is Upper or Over
Denton, which previous to the early part of the 18th
Century was an unclaimed parish, a sort of ecclesiastical
" No Man's Land" ; but since then it has been definitely
1. DiocesBJi Histories, Carlisle, pp. 3, 4.
72 The Ejected of 1662
associated with the Diocese of the County in which it
appears. Writing in 1703, Bishop Nicolson says: —
There's another Church at Upper or Over-Denton, which is said
to be in the Diocese of Durham. . . . Upon consulting Dr. Smith,
Prebendary of Durham, about the jurisdiction of Upper-Denton, I
had this State of ye matter from him in a Letter dated Mar. 4.
1703-4 : — " I employed Mr. Rowel in the Search . . . who says [among
other things] that he has often seen it in diverse old Synod and
Visitation Rolls of the Clergy in the Bishop's Registry. But he
believes no notice has been taken of it, nor any Exercise of Jurisdiction
claimed, for nigh a hundred years. And, if your Lp will take it, none
will oppose you from hence. And, if the Minister or Parishioners
should contest it, he believes you may depend upon wt assistance can
be made you, either by disclaiming it or otherwise. I have also
discours'd Archdeacon Morton about it; who is of the same opinion." '
The Carlisle Diocese, as we now have it, is quite modern.
Previous to 1856 it was barely two thirds of its present
size, the other third then added having been carved out of
the large and wealthy Diocese of Chester. A line drawn
from Workington on the Cumbrian coast across the
country to the head of Bassenthwaite Lake, traversing the
eastern side to below Thirlmere, striking east again about
midway between Ullswater and Windermere until the
Lune is reached a little below Tebay, taking in all that
part of Westmorland, and terminating near Arnside on
Morecambe Bay, will indicate the portion which was then
added to the Diocese. It formed part of the Archdeaconry
of Richmond, one of the largest, most ancient and
wealthy in the kingdom. As already indicated the North
Lonsdale portion has been most reluctantly omitted. It
is a compact area for the purpose of study, and its physical
homogeneity at once impresses the student. It is pre-
eminently " the Land of the Mountain and the Flood" ;
and, in consequence, is only sparsely populated. Even
to day it is, for the most part, cut off from the main
stream of life, whose throb is felt so powerfully in the
neighbouring Counties of Yorkshire and Lancashire. It
is sparingly intersected by railways, though its well kept
1. Miscel., pp. 3, 4.
Isolation "]}>
roads invite the cyclist and motorist to its delightful
retreats. With the exception of Carlisle, Penrith, Cocker-
mouth, Workington, Appleby and Kendal, its towns are
little more than good sized villages; its villages are
scattered and often mere hamlets; and the traveller,
fresh from the stress and strain of Lancashire life, feels
the reposefulness of a quaint old worldishness wherever
he goes. The population of the entire area is far from
equal to that of Manchester or Liverpool : the two
Counties are among the most rural and thinly populated
parts of England. If these are the characteristics of this
district to day they were the same, greatly emphasized,
in the period with which we are concerned. Chancellor
Perguson, writing in 1894, says : —
For the greater part of the last century the Lake District was as
primitive and as out-of-the-world a place as could possibly be im-
agined. English travellers did not visit mountains for the sake of
mountain scenery, but only to traverse them into Italy. They liked
their sherry sv^eet and their scenery flat. A fine champaign country
was their idea of the picturesque ; and small blame to them if they
preferred the view from Richmond Hill, in Surrey, to any other in
the world. ^
Occasional writers, like West and Gilpin, toured through
the Lake District in the second half of the 18th Century,
and gave to the world their impressions of the glories
which they had seen; but it was not until near the end
of that Century that travellers began to turn their atten-
tion seriously to it. Curiously enough this was in large
measure due to the French Revolution, that wonderfully
liberalising, though, in many respects, terribly iconoclastic
movement, which in all sorts of ways influenced the life
of this country. Chancellor Ferguson observes that it
" closed the Continent to English travellers and they
turned to the Lake District." 2 To the same end also
contributed the literary Renaissance, which that period
witnessed, that " new Romanticism " which made litera-
ture living and fresh, the work of men like Wordsworth,
1. History of Westmorland, pp. 6, 7. (Popular County Histories.)
2. Ibid., p. 7.
74 The Ejected of 1662
Coleridge and Southey; men who were either natives of
the district, or who made their home there for some while ;
and who, having communed with nature in all its impres-
siveness and splendour, sang of it in telling verse, with
the result that strangers sought out these parts and found
therein a world of unexplored beauty. The significance
of this will appear in what follows. The physical envi-
ronment of a people does much to stamp the character of
a people's life, even as does their moral. It is not alone
the animal and the insect that have the power to adjust
themselves to the climatic conditions in which they find
themselves, man also feels the pressure of this law con-
tinually.
The two Counties were overwhelmingly Royalist, by
far the greater proportion of the territorial magnates
being active supporters of the King. The Musgraves of
Edenhall, the Lowthers of Lowther, the Howards of
Naworth, the Lamplughs of Lamplugh, the Huddlestons
of Millom, the Curwens of Workington, the Fletchers of
Cockermouth, the Featherstonhaughs of Kirkoswald, the
Flemings of Rydal, with many others, were vigorous
upholders of Church and King. The Puritan or Parlia-
mentary interests were represented by very few landed
families. Chief among these were the Whartons of
Wharton Hall, near Ravenstonedale, whose most distin-
guished member was the " Good Lord Philip Wharton,"
the friend and shelterer of Nonconformists in the days
of their exile and suffering. At one time he was Colonel
of a Regiment of Horse in the Parliamentary Army and
at the Restoration, though in favour of a Monarchy, he
stood in some risk of life.^ The Wharton influence was
much felt in the Eden Valley; and it was this Lord
Wharton that left the Wharton Bequest of Bibles for
distribution among the school children of certain places
specified in his Will. The Briscos^ of Crofton and the
1. Vide the Masy Letters, p. 879.
2. In the British Museum is a pamphlet containing " a Perfect List of
the names of Persons returned to Serve in this Parliament 1656 for the
several Counties and Corporations within the Commonwealth" from
County Families 75
Barwises of Ilekirk together with the Lawsons of Isel were
Puritan in their sympathies ; and to that may be attributed
the fact, says Chancellor Ferguson " that Wigton, Holm
Cultram and Cockermouth were full of Puritans and
fanatics." 1 The Braithwaites of Ambleside Hall also
were somewhat Puritan in their proclivities, and, may be,
helped to check the aggressions of Sir Daniel Fleming of
Rydal Hall, to whose family they were closely related.
In this overwhelming preponderance of Royalist influ-
ence will be found, in part, at least, the explanation of a
fact which is such a marked feature of this area. The
story of the Ejection has often been recited in most
dramatic fashion, and the painful leave taking of the
devoted pastors from their congregations immediately
before St. Bartholomew's Day has been sketched in most
vivid colours; and there is abundant reason for this. We
have already seen how the London Ministers preached
their Farewell Sermons to their flocks,^ in dignified and
restrained phrase, the very Sunday preceding the day
when the Act came into force ; ^ and the same holds
doubtless of other places. It is quite certain that it does
of Lancashire and Yorkshire, where the two contending
parties were more evenly balanced; but in relation to
Cumberland and Westmorland it is otherwise. jS^ot more
than half a dozen appear to have waited for the Act of
Uniformity; immediately the King returned and Episco-
pacy was restored to power the necessary machinery was
set in motion, and the displacement of men began. In
many parts of the country, indeed, men did not wait for
these events : action began to be taken as soon as it was
which the following is extracted : — " For Cumberland — Major-Generall
Charles Howard, William Briscoe, Esq. For Carlisle — Scoutmaster-
generall Downey. For Westmorelajid— none yet returned."
1. Hist, of Cumberland, p. 255. (Popular County Histories.)
2. Vide p. 42.
3. A "collection of Farewell Sermons preached by Calamy [and others]
to their respective congregations at their departure from them " was
published in 1662.
76 The Ejected of 1662
decided that Monarchy should be restored; but, at least,
the action was definite and decisive after the King
actually returned. It has already been stated that Peti-
tions from Sequestered Ministers and suffering, or pseudo-
suffering, E-oyalists of all kinds began to pour in. The
Journals of the House of Lords for May and June, 1660,
abound with them. In some cases the request was for
actual and immediate reinstatement in benefices from
which the petitioners had been sequestered " by Oliver
Cromwell and his pretended Council " ; ^ also that " satis-
faction"' might be made "for the profits so unjustly " kept
from them, " or at least that the fifths might be paid."
In other cases petitioners ask that " the tithes and other
profits of sequestered livings " may be secured "to Church
Wardens and Overseers of the poor of tlie several parishes
until the titles of the sequestered Clergy and of the
present possessors should be determined." - In the
Seventh Report of the Historical MSS. Commission,
appear the names of some 580 petitioning Clergy, ranging
over all the country, their Petitions being presented to
the House of Lords on June 23rd, 1660, among them
eleven from Westmorland and Cumberland; and the
administration being in local hands it is easy to see what
would happen in those places in which local feeling was
deeply stirred. The possessor of a living, who did not
happen to be a Hoyalist, would know how little chance
there was of success in contesting any claim to continuance
therein. The Convention Parliament, also, by its ordin-
ance of September, 1660, authorizing the return of
Sequestered Incumbents, where still living, contributed
largely in the same direction ; and possibly the influence
of Richard Sterne, Bishop of Carlisle, with his Dean, Dr.
Guy Carleton, a strong and active supporter of the
Royalist cause, even more.
There is quite a conflict of opinion as to the real charac-
ter of Richard Sterne. Burnet's description of him as
1 . H. M. C. Seventh Report, Part i, p. 100.
2. Ihid , p. 104.
Richard Sterne "jj
" a sour ill tempered man who minded chiefly the enrich-
ing of his family and was suspected of popery, because he
was more than ordinarily compliant in all things to the
court and very zealous for the duke," ^ is questioned by
some, though for what reason it is not easy to discover.
E-ichard Baxter, referring to the Savoy Conference of
1661, gives Sterne a character not very dissimilar : —
Among all the Bishops there was none who had so promising a
Face as Dr. Sterne, the Bishop of Carlisle. He look'd so honestly,
and gravely, and soberly, that I scarce thought such a Face could
have deceived me ; and when I was intreating them not to cast out
BO many of their Brethren through the Nation, as scrupeled a
Ceremony which they confess'd indifferent, he tum'd to the rest of
the Reverend Bishops, and noted me for saying [in the Nation]. He
will not say [in the Kingdom]' saith he, lest he own a King. This
was all that ever I heard that worthy Prelate say : But with grief
I told him, that half the Charity which became so grave a Bishop,
might have sufficed to have helpt him to a better Exposition of the
word [Nation]; from the Mouths of such who have so lately taken
the Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy, and sworn Fidelity to the
King as his Chaplains, and had such Testimonies from him as we
have had : and that our case was sad, if we could plead by the King's
Commission for Accommodation, upon no better Terms, than to be
noted as Traytors, every time we used such a word as the [Nation]
which all monarchical Writers use.2
Nicolson and Burn endeavour to tone down Bishop
Burnet's estimate of him, and present him in a more
favourable light. They cite a letter from York, whither
Sterne was transferred, in 1664, to the Archiepiscopal
Chair, in which, among other things, it is said that "he
was greatly respected and generally lamented. All the
clergy commemorate his sweet condescensions, his free
communications, faithful counsels, exemplary temperance,
chearful hospitality, and bountiful charity." ^ Thomas
Pickard's letter is much to the same effect. * Dr. Stough-
ton, also, seems wishful to take a slightly more generous
1. Hist, of his Own Times, p. 382.
2. Rel. Bax., p. 338.
3. Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, p. 289.
4. Vide p. 766.
78 The Ejected of 1662
view of his character, though he scarcely succeeds in doing
so. On summing up the position, he says : — " It only
follows that the Archbishop showed himself an exceed-
ingly disagreeable man to such as belonged to the opposite
party, and quite a pleasant one to those who belonged to
his own." ^ Thoresby has the following suggestive
reference to his son under date February 19, 1683 : — "At
Street house, took up a gentleman and his man who proved
very good company (not so hot as I feared, being the
Archbishop's son) Richard Sterne, Esq., Parliament man
for Ripon." ^ Hutchinson, however, asserts that the
letter in question is practically valueless because anony-
mous, and complains more than once of the ecclesiastical
bias of Nicolson and Burn's work.-^ Sterne being a pro-
nounced Royalist had suifered considerably under the
Commonwealth regime. For conveying the plate of
Jesus College, Cambridge, when he was Master there, to
Charles I. at York, he was imprisoned for several months;
and he appears to have carefully preserved the memory
of his experiences during these times. ^ His translation
to the See of Carlisle was near the end of 1660, his Con-
secration taking place in December of that year. He
appears in the list of petitioners previously mentioned, s
against his name being the words " Harleton Camb " ; and
his removal from that place occurred almost immediately
after. The domestic Chaplain of Archbishop Laud,
attending him on the scaffold at his death, whatever
else he may have been, we may expect to find that he was
a strong and aggressive Churchman. That he was such
the Episcopal Register at Carlisle abundantly testifies.
He held ordination services quite frequently, licensed a
large number of men, and with his advent and that of
his Dean changes began to register themselves through
1. Eeligion in England, vol. iii, p. 486.
2. Diary, vol. i, p. 154.
3. Hutchinson, vol. ii, p. 632.
4. In Le Neve's Lives of the Bishops is a letter from his pen dated
Oct. 9th, 1643, in which he details fully his sufferings.
5. Vide p. 76.
Calamy 79
the Diocese. Richard Gilpin of Greystoke made way for
William Morland the old Eector towards the end of 1660 ;
George Larkham was ejected by violence in November,
1660; George Benson lost his vicarage at Bridekirk in
October, 1660; and so with the rest. In other Counties
the Act of Uniformity was a necessity, because local
feeling was fairly evenly balanced; but it was not so in
this area. Had there been no Act of Uniformity it would
have been much the same so far as Cumberland and
Westmorland are concerned. Nearly every man who went
out did so before St. Bartholomew's Day ; in some instances
almost two years before. It is still, of course, quite per-
missible to speak of the " Ejected Ministers " in relation
to St. Bartholomew's Day, and Calamy, the Historian,
does not in the least stand discredited by the discovery
of this fact. His book is: — "An Account of the Minis-
ters, Lecturers, Masters and Fellows of Colleges and
Schoolmasters, who were Ejected or Silenced after the
Restoration in 1660, By, or before, the Act of Uniformity."
It is true that in the various sketches he is not always
careful to indicate who went out "before," and who "by,"
the Act of Uniformity; and that is a defect in the work.
In his Preface he gives us the principles which guided
him in its composition. "A Catalogue of them" [the
Ejected], says he, "was Printed in 1663, but it was diffi-
cult to come by, and very scarce. I could not obtain a
sight of it, till my first Edition of this Work was got
through the Press ; and when I look'd into it, I found it
very deficient. It mentions the names of those who were
Ejected in London and Essex, and Eight Counties more,
but has not a word of all the rest, and yet it bears the
Title of an exact Catalogue." ^ This list, he says, con-
tains not more than " Five or Six Hundred." Four other
lists came into his hands. " One was Collected with great
Industry and Application by the Reverend Mr. William
Taylor, late of jSTewbery, who while Chaplain to the late
Lord Wharton, had a Correspondence in most parts of
1. Calamy, vol. ii, p. iv.
8o The Ejected of 1662
England, in pursuit of his Design" ; "two I receiv'd from
the laborious Mr. Roger Morrice" ; "the fourth I receiv'd
from another hand." ^ He informs us that he collated
these several lists and drew up one "out of all of them,
omitting none where they were all agreed; and where they
differ' d, 1 sometimes foUow'd one copy, and sometimes
another, with respect to the several Counties, according to
the Information and Advice of such as T consulted in
Person, and by Letter, for the Places with which they
were best Acquainted." The person upon whom he mainly
relied for our area was Dr. Thomas Dixon of Whitehaven.
It is not easy to suggest safer principles than those
which Calamy adopted, yet they did not preserve him
from error; and it is interesting to note that the 1663 list
to which he refers, whilst defective, is more accurate than
his own in one or two particulars. It is also particularly
valuable because it distinguishes between those ejected
" before " and " by " the Uniformity Act. A copy of
this rare Tract appears in the Walker MSS. from which
the following is extracted : —
An Exact Catalogue of the names of several Ministers lately
Ejected out of their Levings in several Counties of England, Because
they could not conform for Conscience Sake, London, printed 1663.
In Westmerland :
Ministers outed upon Title :
Mr. Langhorne of Askam.
Mr. Jackson, of Crosby on the Hill.
Mr. Wallace of Evesham.
Ministers outed for Nonconformity :
Mr. Higgeson of Kirby Stephen.
Mr. Dodgson of Rushendale.
Mr. Roberts of Barton.
Mr. Dalton of Shape.
Mr. Greenwood of Hutton, near Kendal.
In Cumberland :
Ministers outed since 1660 :
Mr. Gilpin of Graystock.
Mr. Baldwin of Penrith.
Mr. Starre of Carlisle.
Mr. Larkham of Cockermouth.
1. Calamy, vol. ii, p. v. *
Calamy 8 1
Mr. Benson of Bride Kerke.
Mr. Lane [Cave] of Cros [Crosthwaite] in Keswick Parish
Mr. Hopkins of Mellerby.
Mr. Askyns [Atkinson] of Lazonby.
Mr. Broadly of Addingham.
Mr. Forward of Bolton.
Mr. John Jacksoin of Hutton.
Mr. Peter Jackson of Sowerby.
Mr. Yates of Ainstable.
Mr. Carmitchel of Thursby.
Mr. Tayler of Eadnal [Edenhall].
Mr. Saxton of Bonus [Bowness].
Mr. Cragge of New Kerke.
Ministers outed upon the Act :
Mr. Rogers of Crogelyn.
Mr. Barnard of Brampton.'
It may be that the plan here followed, comparatively
easy in 1663, in Calamy's day, had become impossible;
but no one can read his Preface and be in any doubt as
to his intentions. His list is meant to include all the
"Silenced" and "Ejected" between the years 1660 and
1662. Both Calamy and Palmer give the number of men
ejected for Cumberland as thirty, of whom four are said to
have conformed afterwards; for Westmorland nine, of
whom four conformed; and two are singled out as un-
worthy of being remembered because of some scandalous
conduct associated with their names.
We shall see later how far these figures are accurate.
What, however, impresses the reader is the largeness of
the number of those who accepted the new situation, and,
therefore, were left undisturbed, as compared with the
neighbouring County of Lancashire ; and the still further
fact, that many of those who were displaced or ejected
were undistinguished. In Calamy's list they are mere
names, not a sentence being given about them ; and in the
case of not a few the most careful research has resulted in
establishing little more than that such and such persons
lived. The truth is that the livings were small and in
1. Walker MSS., C. 8, fol. 20, Bodl. It will be noted that this list
contains fewer names than Calamy's, and that it makes clear the
Ejection of Wallace from Heversham.
G
82 The Ejected of 1662
out of tke way places, and that, while the men in them
doubtless served faithfully, they lacked those qualities
that were likely to make them appear much in the public
eye.
Reference has several times been made to the Seques-
tration of the Clergy before the Restoration, and it may
be well to hark back a little and look at the situation from
that point of view. The machinery used for this purpose
appears to have been of a complicated character, but the
following briefly summarised facts will help to an under-
standing of the matter. " The Committee for Scandalous
Ministers," ^ says Dr. Shaw, "was the first mechanism
invented by the Long Parliament for dealing expressly
with the clergy." It began its work four months after
the Long Parliament was summoned into being and on the
22nd of November, 1643, published the first century of
Scandalous Ministers. 2 It will, of course, be remembered
that when this Committee was appointed the King was
still on the throne, the Civil War had not broken out, and
there was no thought of the overthrow of either Episco-
pacy or Monarchy. Within a year or two this Committee
was replaced by the Plundered Ministers' Committee, one
of the most powerful of all the Committees which those
years produced. The Committee for the Reformation of
the Universities, more or less operative since 1646, exer-
cised many of the functions of the Plundered Ministers'
Committee; but the latter body absorbed the former in
February, 1652-3, and the Plundered Ministers' Com-
mittee itself was replaced by the Trustees for Maintenance
of Ministers in 1653. The powers of the Plundered
1. Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 178. The facts given here are largely
drawn from this excellent work. Dr. Shaw has brought order out of
chaos, and unravelled the tangled skein in relation to the various
Committees called into existence during the Long Parliament's life for
dealing with Church matters. He confesses that there are still some
things requiring fuller light, but under his guidance the reader may
walk confidently, and in the end he will arrive at a fairly accurate
knowledge of the situation.
2. "1st February, 1640-41. Ordered. That the Committee for
Scandalous Ministers shall begin to meet tomorrow." C.J., vol. ii, p. 96.
Committees 83
Ministers' Committee were at certain times exceedingly
large, relating to Augmentation of Stipends, Sequestration
of Livings, and Examination of Ministers. With regard
to the latter question there were various examining bodies.
During the Presbyterian regime, 1646 — 1650, the Classis
examined and ordained. The Plundered Ministers' Com-
mittee, Trustees for Maintenance of Ministers, Committee
for Reformation of Universities more or less exercised
this function. On the 20th of March, 1653-4, Cromwell
and his Council established the Commissioners for Appro-
bation of Public Preachers, the " Triers," as they came
to be called. Says Dr. Shaw: —
The Act was made retrospective as far as related to all presentations
made since 1st April, 1653. The Commissioners were not to grant
any such instrument of admission to any who could not produce to
them a testimonial or certificate of three persons of known godliness
and integrity, one of them a minister, to whom the applicant was to
be personally known. They were not to grantadmission to sequestered
or delinquent ministers except upon a signification from the Protector
and his Council.'
All this central machinery was, of course, worked in
conjunction with local assistance; but, in particular,
sectional Committees were called into existence on whom
very large powers were devolved, one of the most impor-
tant being the " Committee for the Propagation of the
Gospel in the four Northern Counties." In consequence
of a petition from these four Counties in reference to the
state of religion in them, as early as December 20th, 1649,
a Committee was appointed to deal with the matter; and
in the February following, " Sir Arthur Haselrig was
ordered to bring in a bill for settling ministers in the
northern counties. "^ It was passed on March 1st, 1649-50,
as " an Act for the better propagating the Gospel in the
four Northern Counties of Northumberland, Cumberland,
Westmorland and Durham."
It is not easy to arrive at the true character of Sir
Arthur Haselrig, the prime mover in this matter, whose
1. Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 284.
2. Ibid., p. 226.
84 The Ejected of 1662
personality made itself felt considerably in this area
during these years. He was one of the " five members,"
whom Charles I. impeached and attempted to arrest in
the House of Commons; and he is generally regarded as
one of Cromwell's most faithful supporters. Appointed
governor of Newcastle, it would appear that he played
considerably for his own hand. In the " Musgrave
Tracts " ^ a decidedly unfavourable character is given to
him. He is charged with advancing his own material
interests at the expense of the State, with appointing men
to livings irrespective of their character and attitude
towards the Government, and with lending to the Govern-
ment a very doubtful support. These charges were prin-
cipally levelled by William Lampit, an Independent
Minister, and so possibly must be discounted a little,
though his appointments suggest that he certainly did not
favour Independency. After Cromwell's death, and while
Monk was arranging matters his attitude was doubtful;
and at the Restoration along with Lambert he escaped
with imprisonment for life.
It is impossible to give the precise number of men
sequestered by Sir Arthur Haselrig and others ; but so far
as Cumberland and Westmorland are concerned it is quite
certain that Walker has considerably understated it.
The main point to remember, however, is that the Clergy
at this time were not noted either for their character,
their efl&ciency, or devotion to duty; and it has already
been indicated that the one thing which the various Com-
mittees sought to secure in all parts of the country was
" an able and godly ministry." There is no reason what-
ever to think that where the Clergy faithfully did their
duty, and where they did not make themselves obnoxious
to the Government, they were disturbed. Evidence
indeed abounds that they were not only left unmolested,
bu-f that the greatest patience was exercised towards them,
even when they proved to be fiercely " malignant."
Richard Archer of Windermere is described as " a
1. Vide p. 613.
Commonwealth Tolerance 85
Kon-covenanter and disaffected," yet lie continued in
the living until his death in 1653; William Eichardson
of Brough was " a Non-covenanter and disaffected," yet
he remained until Restoration times ; Lancelot Lowther of
Kirkby Thore is given as " a Malignant and pluralist
lately come from ye Kinges Quarters," but he was dis-
turbed mainly, if not exclusively, because of his Plural-
ism; and in like manner with others. It is clear, there-
fore, that the regime of that period has been greatly
caricatured. As previously intimated local feeling was
without doubt an important factor in the situation, and
that could not always be restrained or properly directed ;
but the central authority endeavoured, as far as possible,
to eliminate from its action the element of harshness.
Hence it is disappointing to find the latest County History
so seriously straying in this matter, and adopting a view
which stands quite discredited in the light of actual fact.
In the Chapter on the Ecclesiastical History of Cumber-
land Dr. Wilson, the Editor, says : —
For several yeaxs little else but anarchy prevailed in the county,
as the fortunes of the opposing forces fluctuated in favour of the
King or the parliament. In the sequestrations which followed the
military triumph of puritanism, the leading clergy of the diocese, as
well as the dean and chapter, were ejected from their livings. If
there was any tendency on the part of those with royalist proclivities
to hold on, the committee of " tryers " accepted the most flimsy charges
wherewith to oust them from their parishes. There can be no doubt
that many of the clergy, specially those in the poorer and more
secluded parishes, bent their necks to the puritan yoke and stood
their ground. It is difficult to estimate the motives of those who
accepted the directory and swore to maintain the covenant, but there is
evidence that if some did so from conviction, others acted from policy.
Against these may be placed the example of Timothy Tullie, rector
of Cliburn, who became the "bright particular star" of presby-
terianism while the Commonwealth lasted, but who altered his orbit
without dimming his lustre by becoming a Canon of York on the
restoration of the church and crown. The committee of " tryers,"
notwithstanding the supposed leniency with which they exercised
their unpleasant vocation, were quite unable to find substitutes of
their own way of thinking for the vacant benefices. For fourteen
86 The Ejected of 1662
years the precincts of the cathedral lay in ruins, aaid the floor of the
cathedral itself was common ground at the disposal of all the sects.
The principal churches of the diocese were supplied either by resident
or itinerant ministers of the presbyterian, independent or baptist
persuasion, but the presbyterians predominated in number and
influence. If pluralism could be alleged with truth as a defect of the
order of church government, it was repeated in an aggravated form,
though perhaps from necessity, when the sequestrators had finished
their work, for it was no uncommon thing for one minister under the
new regime to be the peripatetic pastor of three parishes. Some of
the churches were shut up, and most of the preachers admitted by the
commissioners were not ministers at all, not even according to the
religious conceptions of the period. For some time after the fall of
episcopacy there was no ecclesiastical or religious organization among
the ministers and no cohesion among the parishes. The vacant
churches had been allotted to members of various sects as each sect
in turn had gained the mastery of the local committees. In any group
of parishes it was possible to find the ministers in charge belonging
to opposing denominations. The presbyterians endeavoured to find
some sort of church discipline, but every attempt at combination
created jealousy among the rest and led to controversy and strife.
The first effort to form an alliance between the presbyterians and
independents was begun in 1653, "but it took not" among the
brethren of the "congregational judgment." It is a singular coinci-
dence that it was in this year that George Fox commenced his
mission in the county. There was a cloud upon the horizon, at this
time no bigger than a man's hand, which soon grew to such stupendous
proportions that the two principal denominations were forced to combine
in order to preserve themselves from extinction. Fox made a progress
from parish to parish through the western portion of the county.
At Brigham he converted John Wilkinson, " who was preacher of that
parish and of two other parishes in Cumberland,' in which neighbour-
hood "many hundreds were convinced. Consternation is scarcely the
word to describe the state of feeling which filled the hearts of the
religious leaders in that portion of the county at the missionary
success of Fox The religious instincts of the people, so far as
they were represented by the preachers who had supplanted the old
order of clergy, began to gravitate towards Fox, who, in a few years,
was almost universally accepted as the sovereignpontiff of Cumberland.
The puritan teachers were so utterly forsaken that the churches in
some parishes stood empty. It can be readily imagined that the
external pressure oi Fox's preaching contributed in no small measure
to "the agreement of the associated ministers and churches of the
counties of Cumberland and Westmorland," which was brought to a
successful issue in 1656. . • . All scandalous persons, such as
I
Pluralism 87
episcopalians, papists and quakers, were rigidly excluded from the
Association till they had publicly recanted their errors.^
There is a very considerable amount of literary em-
broidery in that passage, permissible, may be, in even the
serious historian, provided it does not entice him into
error; but in this case it has done so. Lengthy as the
quotation is, there is scarcely a sentence in it which might
not be successfully contravened. It is far from correct,
for example, to suggest that a person was deemed "scan-
dalous" because he was an "Episcopalian " ; and that the
"tryers" accepted "flimsy charges" against those who had
Royalist proclivities with a view to ousting them from
their livings. Enough has already been said to show how
little ground there is for statements of that kind, and that
many of the Royalist Clergy held on, though they were
not careful to conceal their hostility to the existing
Government.
Still more does the statement about Pluralism mis-
represent the case. It has already been shown that the
one evil which the Puritans set themselves to remove was
Pluralism, that the Clergyman was merely compelled to
make choice of the living in which he would serve, not
with a view to his Sequestration, though a Royalist, but
with a view to a more efficient ministry among the people.
The " peripatetic pastor " is much of a fiction. With
the exception of James Cave, an Itinerant Minister in the
Bassenthwaite Lake district, of whom more presently,
and John Smith, who laboured similarly in the Eskdale
district, the " peripatetic pastor of three parishes " is
unknown. Neighbouring Parishes were frequently linked
together and served by one man ; that, however, is not the
sort of Pluralism which was assailed by the Puritans, but
rather where Parishes as wide apart as Workington and
Kirkby Thore, Grasmere and Asby, Bowness and Bramp-
ton, Barton and Asby, Skelton and Ousby, were in the
hands of the same Incumbent, leading, as it did, to all
the evils of non residence.
1. The Victoria History of the County of Cumberland, vol. ii, pp. 93-97,
edited by James Wilson, M.A., Litt.D.
88 The Ejected of 1662
Then, though there is not the slightest wish to minimize
the influence of George Fox, whose success was quite
phenomenal, as will be shown in the account of the
Quaker movement, the matter is greatly exaggerated in
the paragraph just mentioned.
Still further the account of the Cumberland and "West-
morland Agreement is quite incorrect. This "Agree-
ment," largely the work of E-ichard Gilpin, was one of
the earliest of its kind. It is sometimes regarded as the
fruit of the Worcestershire Association ; but that this was
not so E-ichard Baxter himself is at pains to make clear : —
About the same time that we were thus associating in Worcestershire
it pleased God to stir up the Ministers of Cuunberland and Westmor-
land to the same Course; who though they knew not what we had
done, yet fell upon the same way, and agreed on Articles to the same
purpose and of the same Sense and Importance as ours were ; of
which Mr. Richard Gilpin (one of them, a worthy faithful Minister)
sent me word, when he saw our Articles in print; and they also
printed theirs (to save the writing of many Copies and to excite others
to the same way) and they found the same readiness to Union among
the Brethren as we had done.'
In the letter also of these Associated Ministers to
Richard Baxter, dated September 1st, 1653, addressed
from Penrith, they say : —
Whatever Advantage others may reap by your Endeavours we are
sure the Advantage that we have by them is double. We, before we
had heard of your Book, had undertaken a Work of the like nature;
Several of us meeting together to consult about managing the Lord's
Work in our Hands, were convinced that for Reformation of our
People, more ought to be done by us than bare Preaching, a brotherly
Association of Ministers appeared to be the likliest course for the
attainment of our Desires, and accordingly was resolved on : And
because we knew that many of our Brethren in the Ministry differed
from us, we resolved to draw up severall Proposals wherein we and
they by a mutual Condescention might agree as Brethren in Love
and Peace to carry on the same Work, and therefore required nothing
of them but what we proved by the Confessions of the Congregational
Brethren (their own Party) to be of less Moment, and not of absolute
Necessity. Wherein (we urged) they might and ought to yield for
the Churches Peace : but our Endeavours to gain them were frustrated,
1. Rel. Bax., p. 162.
The Association Movement 89
they were so resolved that they would not so much as read our
Proposals and Reasons. We therefore set about the Work ourselves,
and made some Progress in it; by this time we began to feel what
we expected at the first setting out, viz. the Rage and Malice of
wicked men vented in Railings and Slanders on the cme hand and
bitter Censures and Suspicions of the Brethren on the other- In the
midst of all this we received your Book as a seasonable Refreshment ;
Our Hands were much strengthened by it ; it was a great Encourage-
ment to us, to see that other godly and learned Men had walked much
what in the same Steps, and had pleaded our Cause almost by the
same Arguments wherewith we endeavoured to strengthen it.'
To the same effect their statement in " Explication." ^
The publication of the Worcestershire Agreement
appears to have given encouragement and stimulus to the
Cumbrian brethren, but the independent origin of their
Association is beyond question.
The letter just referred to, which deals with a number
of points in the Worcestershire Agreement upon which
the writers desired fuller light, is signed by : —
" E-i. Gilpin, Pastor at Graystock.
John Makmillane, Pastor at Odenhall [Edenhall].
Roger Baldwin, Minister of Penrith.
John Billingsley, Minister at Addingham.
Elisha Bourne, Minister at Skelton.
John Jackson, Pastor of Hutton.
Thomas Turner, Preacher of the Gospel." 3
From the signatures it would appear that some, at least,
of the brethren of the " Congregational way " still stood
aloof from the movement, though shortly after they joined
it. George Larkham preached before the Ministers
assembled at Cockermouth on May 10th, 1654, and he
addressed them as " Reverend and Honoured Brethren in
the Ministry, and you, my neighbours and friends." *
On the 12th of August, 1656, they published their
"Agreement with something for Explication and Exhorta-
1. Rel. Bax., pp. 162, 163.
2. Vide p. 97.
3. Rel. Bax., pp. 163-4.
4. Lewis's Hist., p. 164.
90 The Ejected of 1662
tion annexed." As this pamphlet is extremely rare ^ and
most important as a study of the Association movement
and the spirit of the men who were its leaders, consider-
able extracts are here appended : —
The
AGREEMENT
of the
Associated
Ministers and Chueches
of the
COUNTIES
of
Cumberland
and
Westmorland,
With something for
Explication and Exhortation
Annexed.
Texts. 1 Cor. 1, 10, 11, 12, 13.
1 Cor. 3, 3, 4.
Rom. 14, 19.
Phil. 2, 4.
Rom. 16, 17, 18.
London, Printed by T. L. for Simon Waterson and are sold at the
sign of the Globe in PauTs Church-yard, and by Richard Scot, Book-
seller in Carlisle, 1656.
PROPOSITIONS Agreed upom by the
Associated Ministers
* of the
Counties of
Cumberland and WAstmorland.
1. That in the exercise of Discipline, it is not only the most safe
course, but also most conducing to brotherly union and satisfaction.
That particular Churches carry on as much of their work with joynt
and mutual assistajice, as they can with conveniency and edification,
and as little as may be in their actings, to stajid distinctly by
themselves and apart from each other.
2. That in matters of Church Discipline, those things which belong
onely ad melivs esse, ought to be laid aside, both in respect of
publication ajid practice, rather then that the Churches peace should
. be hindered.
1. A copy is in the Jackson Library, Carlisle, and another in the
British Museum.
The Association Movement 91
3. That where different principles lead to the same practice,
wee may joyn together in that practice, reserving to each of us our
own principles.
4. That where we can neither agree in principle nor in practice, we
are to bear with one another's differences that are of a less and
desputable nature, without making them a ground of division amongst
us. Yet notwithstanding, we do not hereby binde up our selves from
endeavouring to inform one another in those things wherein we differ,
so that it be done with a spirit of love and meekness, and with
resolutions to continue our brotherly Amity and Association, though
in those particulars our differences should remain uncomposed.
Taking these four general principles as " a Basis and
Foundation " tliey resolve upon a number of particulars
thus : —
1. To endeavour the discharge of our duty and trust herein, un-
reservedly, and with all faithfulness, to the utmost of our power,
though hereby we hazard reproach, revilings, contempts, injuries,
loss of friends, and maintenance, or what so ever else may be dear to
us.
2. To observe the temper, disposition, and capacity of the gener-
ality of the people, and to suit ourselves not onely in our matter
to the people's conditions, but also in our expressions to the people's
apprehensions, that so our sermons may be plain, peercing, seasonable,
and profitable.
3. To reprove the sins that most abound in our people, to convince
men of their carnal security, to discover the rotten and deceitful
props on which it is built.
4. To lay out ourselves in keeping Lectures (as the seasons of the
year will permit) wherein we will more especially have regard to
those places that are destitute of preaching.
5. To Catechise and instruct the people committed to us, making
use of the Assemblies larger and shorter Catechism.
6. Besides the work of publike preaching, and catechising, to
instruct them privately from house to house.
7. To be as diligent in visiting the sick and afflicted, as other
labours, greatness of our charge, and ability to go abroad will suffer
us ; and that not only the rich, and those that desire us, but also the
poor and those that send not for us.
8. In our Society, as well as in dispencing of Ordinances, to put a
difference between the precious and the vile.
9. To reprove the Sins of Sabbath breaking. Swearing, Fornication
and Drunkenness in publike and private, and endeavour to bring
such Offenders to the punishment of the Law, in those cases provided.
92 The Ejected of 1662
10. To instruct our people publikely, Concerning the nature of the
discipline of Christ and press the necessity of their submission to it,
according to the Rule of Scripture.
11. Because temptations to Apostacie and backslidings from the
faith are strong and frequent and our hearts are so ready to start
aside from the Power of Discipline to require from our people an
Assent to the Truths of Christ (contained in a short Confession of
Faith hereunto Annexed) and a Profession of their consent to submit
unto, and accept of the terms of the Covenant of Grace, and to
submit to Discipline and Government.
Yet
(1) We resolve not to satisfie our selves with the bare recital and
repetition of the words of the Profession &c. but to make the people
not onely profess with the Understanding but (so far as we can)
with feeling Apprehensions of what they speak.
(2) Neither do we intend strictly to bind all to the same circum-
stances of professing their Consent, but (if any professing and
owning the substance) shall scruple at any particular circumstance,
we resolve to use towards such all possible meekness and condiscention.
12. We resolve to require an unblameable Conversatiooi in all those
whom we shall admit to the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper.
13. In judging and determining of peoples present fitness for that
Sacrament, we resolve to set before us these following Rules, both in
point of Knowledge and Scandal : —
In point of Knowledge.
(1) Resolve not to admit to the Sacraments of the Supper persons
with a total ignorance of the Fundamentals of Religion.
(2) Not to reject as ignorant any that have a Competent Knowledge
of certain heads of Devinity specified.
(3) Must not expect from the ordinary sort of people (who through
want of breeding, and other natural defects, are usually unable well
to express their minds) a distinct or continued discourse of these
things, and therefore we shall be satisfyed if we can but perceive
that they understand the substance.
(4) Must take care not to make a Question more difficult by our
dark and cloudy Expressions ; but must endeavor to propound things
in the plainest terms we can.
(5) Though we may propound higher and more difiicult Questions
for discovery of and provocation to growth in Knowledge ; yet wil
always (as neer as we can) make their Knowlege or Ignorance in
the points mentioned, the rule of our discerning determination.
(6) In case any give not that satisfaction we desire, we will
endeavour to discover whether it be from unacquaintedness with the
terms and words of the Question, from bashfulness or shamefacedness,
from natural impediments, or from ignorance of the thing itself ; and
The Association Movement 93
accordingly we will propound the Question in other words, or fetch a
compass to see if they can take a hint from something introductory ;
however in case no satisfactory account can be given, we wil not set
the parties aside, as if we took no further care, but shall endeavour
to instruct them with all meekness and patience.
(7) Because we finde by experience, that many people speak of the
Fundamentals of Religion in a meer form of words by roat, without
understanding the sense and meaning thereof ; in propounding our
Questions we will of purpose forbear the words and method of
ordinary Catechisms.
In point of Scandal.
(1) Resolve not to receive any (of what degree, quality or relation
so ever) to this Ordinance, that can be proved to be scandalously
sinful.
(2) We resolve in matters of Scandal, not to proceed against any
according to our private satisfactions, suspitions, dis-satisfactions, or
rumours ; but according to outward, visible, and full proof of the
matter of fact.
(3) Resolve to distinguish betwixt Sin and Sin; wherein that we
may proceed both more unanimously and safely, we shall take the
Assemblies direction for our rule, looking upon those Sins mentioned
by them in the form of Church Government as scandalous, though but
once committed [Sins quoted].
(4) Much tenderness to be used in judging of less sins that have
more than ordinary advantage against men by sudden surprisal, as
Passion, the outbreaking of sins formerly customary ordinary failings,
as Debt, &c.
(5) In less sins resolve to have regard to the constant tenure of
the parties life and carriage, whether ordinarily otherwise strict or
careless, to the provocation, &c.
(6) The party offending upon Reproof manifesting repentance ought
to be received again.
(7) The party professing repentance returning to the same sin
once and again; or to any other scandalous sin, though again
professing repentance readmission deferred until we have trial of his
reformation for some competent time.
(8) That brotherly inspection may not degenerate into an unbrotherly
prying into, and discovering of other men's actions ; and generally for
the avoiding of disorder, and other inconveniences, we resolve not to
encourage any private Christian, immediately to acquaint the Church
with the private failings of a brother, till he have first admonished
him privately, and (in case he hearken not) before witnesses, and
when the fruitlessness of these endeavours shall necessitate the
publication of the Fact, yet will we not Countenance the bringing of
94 The Ejected of 1662
the matter before the Congregation until the Church officers be first
acquainted with it.
(9) Forasmuch as in the business of scandal it is unreasonable and
uncharitable to rake up against men old offences of any considerable
distance from the time present; and because in some cases it will be
necessary to require some testimony of humiliation, even for sins of
ancient date ; and in regard we cannot punctually determine how far
back into the time past we may look for laying scandals to men's
charges ; therefore we resolve to proceed warily in such cases, and
not to do anything without the advice of the Association.
(10) We shall do the like in those sins that render men obnoxious
to the Law, either in regard of life, liberty or estates, as also ia any
other case not foreseen, or provided for, in the foregoing rules.
14. Agree not to press a declaration of the time and manner of the
work of grace upon the people, as a necessary proof of their actual
present right to the Lord's Supper nor to exclude persons merely for
want of that, yet will we accept it, if freely offered.
15. Agree not to rest satisfyed with bare exclusion of an obstinate
scandalous sinner from the Sacrament of the Supper, but to prosecute
the rule of Christ. Matt., 18. 17.
16. Because members living much distant from their Pastors, and
from one another, must unavoidably be (in great part) deprived of
the priviledge, and come short of the duty, both of constant inspection
and mutual edefication ; and also for the preventing of disorders and
offences, both in Ministers and people, we agree. That we will not
admit into any of our churches, those that live in other Congregations,
except. They have no Minister at all, or have one that is scandalous, or
one that hath not competent abilities for the work of the Ministry.
Yet
(1) In case afterwards a godly able Minister be established where
was none, or such as were scandalous and unfit ; we will seriously
advise those whom in the cases aforesaid we have admitted, to joyn
themselves to that Minister.
(2) Resolve to consult with the Association concerning the justness
or un justness of exceptions in point of scandal, or enabilitie of
Ministers, made by those that desire to be entertained in other
Congregations, because we conceive that neither the people that desire
to depart from such Ministers, nor the Ministers with whom they
desire to joyne are competent judges in such an interested case; yet
if the Exceptions be such as are approved of by the Association, we
conceive it fittest for the Reasons above said, that they joyne them-
selves to the neerest Congregation, where a godly and able Minister is
setled.
(3) We do not intend hereby to debar people from occasional hearing
of other Ministers or from the occasional partaking of other Ordin-
The Association Movement 95
ances in another Congregation, so that this liberty be not used to the
apparent prejudice of the Ministry and Discipline of their own
Congregation.
17. When a INIinister is to be ordained unto a Congregation agree
that godly and able Ministers of neighbor Congregations be called to
be employed in the examination and trial of the fitness of the party
to be set apart tc that weighty Office, and in the Act of Ordination.
18. Though we differ abcut the first subject of the power of the
Keys, yet forasmuch as we all agree, that the affairs of the Church
are to be managed by the officers thereof, therefore we conclude that
the examination and determination of things in cases of admission and
rejections, and other church acts, shall be permitted by the Officers ;
yet so that the people have notice of what they resolve and conclude
upon, in matters of moment that in case any thing be done against
which the people may (upon probable grounds at least) object from the
word of God, it may either be forborne, or their satisfaction en-
deavoured.
19. And forasmuch as we cannot all proceed according to the
ordinary rules in managing of the affairs of our particular Congrega-
tions, through the want of fit persons to be made church-officers, and
for other causes ; therefore we resolve by our mutual assistance to
supply the want, because we may have (according to Scripture
warrant) recourse to an extraordinary expedient, the ordinary rule
failing, and because this seems to us to come neerest the ordinary
rule.
Yet
(1) Intend not this to be perpetual, but only during the present
want, and in order to the setling of our Churches according to the
rules of the Gospel.
(2) Neither intend we hereby, to put into any Ministers hand, a
superior power over his Brethren.
(3) Nor would we be understood as making our many Churches to
be but one particular Church, or giving the Pastor of one Church a
true Pastoral! power and charge over other Churches.
20. Albeit we differ as to the power of associated Churches over
particular Congregations ; yet we agree that it is not only lawful
and useful, but in many cases necessary that several churches should
hold communion and correspondency together ; and to that end we
resolve to associate our selves, and to keep frequent meetings for
mutual advice and help, as occasion shall require.
21. We take our selves and our churches bound to follow whatso-
ever advice, direction or reproof (being agreeable to the word) any of
us shall receive from the Brethren in association with us.
22. And in case it should so fall out, that our brethren in
asBociatioin should advise that which might seem less convenient in the
96 The Ejected of 1662
judgement of the Parties immediately and specially concerned, in the
advice or reproof, or to the particular apprehensions of any other of
us (it being of less moment, and not apparently contrary to Scripture)
then we resolve to submit to it rather then to endanger the peace of
the churches and to become examples and encouragers of disorder by
our dissent and refusal.
23. Particularly, Forasmuch as the censure of excommunication is
of great weight and concernment, wherein we are sure we can never
be too circumspect and careful therefore we resolve, first to advise with
the association, before we proceed by that sentence to cast any out of
our particular churches : and whosoever shall thus be cast out of one
Church, wee wil repute him equally cast out of all, and avoid
communion with him accordingly.
24. If it should so fall out, that any Minister or particular church,
should obstinately and wilfully, after many endeavours, and much
waiting, reject the direction and Counsel of the association, in things
apparently agreeable to the word of Grod, then we resolve to draw
the right hand of fellowship from such Minister or church.
25. For the better carrying on of our intended association we
resolve : —
(1) To divide ourselves into three associations, Carlisle, Penrith
and Cockermouth, meet once a moneth, more or less as occasion shall
require, and the major part of the association shall think fit; yet in
this we do not intend to exclude any Minister (not being scandalous)
from any of the associations, that will be pleased to take the paijis to
be present there, nor yet the Ministers of other Counties that shall
desire to joyne with any of them.
(2) At these meetings shall hear and determine things of common
concernment, endeavour to resolve doubts, compose differences, con-
sider the justness & weight of the grounds and reasons of Ministers
removal from any place, when such cases shall fall out, Counsell and
advise above special emergencies that may happen to our Ministry
or Congregations in part.
(3) Kesolve to hear impartially complaints made against any Minister
in association with us.
(4) Eesolve sometimes to meet all together, especially when there
shall fall out any thing of more extraordinary and publike nature or
difficulty, which cannot be easily and satisfactorily decided in any of
our particular associations.
(5) If any that shall offer to joyne with us in our associatioin, lie
under the common repute of scandal, then we will deferr his admission
till he have cleared himself, or otherwise given satisfaction ; and for
the prevention of offences, we resolve not to admit any into our
associations without the consent of the whole or major part of them.
I
The Association Movement 97
(6) Lastly, we will endeavour a closure of affection, as well as
judgement and practise, and to that end we resolve, wholly to lay
aside, and bury all names and terms of difference, to carry our selves
each to other as brethren, forbearing (as much as we can) whatsoever
might, either in word or action, occasion mis-reports and offences, or
raise up grounds of iealousie an4 exception one against another.
Omnibus hisce
Consentimus.
The Ministers of Westmerland gave their Coaisent in these words :
We whose Names are here under-written, do subscribe to the fore-
m,entioned Propositions, except what concerns the County of Cumberland
in particular
[Unfortunately no names appear in printed copies.]
This is followed by : The Confession of Faith, and then
covaesihe^^Ex'plication of some of the foTTner Propositions,"
which is addressed : —
TO ALL
That profess the Name of the
LOKD JESUS
IN THE
COUNTIES
OF
Cumberland, and Westmerland,
BOTH
Magistrates, and People.
The Explication occupies about two thirds of the
document, and is especially interesting because it throws
light upon the origin of the movement, the difficulties
which had to be confronted, and the stages by which
ultimate success was achieved. In particular, it shows
that so far from the movement being due to the "pressure"
of the Quaker incursion, as contended by Dr. Wilson,
that was the very thing which " beat " the men off from
their purpose and " forced them to lay other things aside
to quench those flames." Thus they write: —
We who have engaged our selves in this undertaking, have (we
hope) thoroughly considered, what in all probability it may cost us,
that while we look for reproach & contradiction which yet we would
not willingly finde, our opposers may find that undaunted courage in
our prosecution of this work which they would not readily have
looked for.
H
98 The Ejected of 1662
The great distance of this from the first undertaking, and Report
of our Agreement, doth necessarily draw forth this brief Account of
its Birth and Progress. About three yeers ago some of us joyned
together in an Expedient much of this nature, which we propounded to
some of our Brethren of different perswasions in these things, but it
took not; whereupon we resolved to prosecute it among our selves,
and made some Progress in it : At which time Worcestershire Asso-
ciation, with Mr. Baxter's Explication, came forth. Upon this we
began to conceive more probability of some reconciliation (at least) of
different judgements, in matters of Church Government, then formerly,
because we hoped the prejudice which possibly might arise from our
single attempt (in a business of that nature) would be much removed,
when they saw we were not alone, and that the way was led by
others of so much worth and ability ; we therefore resolved to take
up our former design again and to propound it to the whole Ministry
of the County in general. To that end several Meetings were desired,
and at last we agreed in these following Propositions, which were
cheerfully subscribed by several, both of the Presbyterian, and
Congregational Judgement. During the agitation of these things, some
of us were much affected to observe :
1. The Assent of men both able and judicious, and such as had
throughly studyed the Congregational way, and from whom (in
probability) opposition might have been expected, in case these things
had been inconsistent with these Principles.
2. That Prejudice (which like a hateful Monster, empoysons the
best things, seeks Fuel from its own ignorance and blindness, and
from the very distance which it self caused, like a Fiery Oven devours
all that's cast into it, and musters up all the Passions to fight against
it knows not what) hath the greatest hand in hindering the Unity
and Concord of Brethren.
3. That the best way to cure it, is friendly and brotherly debates,
especially after it hath tyred it self with its own Activity, and
evaporated something of its Fury.
4. That the Churches Peace (if by all parties seriously laid to
heart) is a very forceable medicine to infer a conclusion to Unity.
Yet all was not done when we had proceeded thus far : Action (the
life of all) was yet behinde ; Satan is enraged (and surely that must
needs be good which he so furiously opposeth) and endeavours to
stifHe it in the birth to effect which he desgorgeth from his hateful
stomack a swarm of Quakers ; these at that very time, wheoi all things
were ready for practice, came upon us like a furious Torrent; all is
on fire on the sudden, many are unsetled, the foundations shaken, and
some apostatize ; here we are beaten off, and are forced to lay other
things aside, that we might more fully binde our selves to quench
The Association Movement 99
these flames. After a while this storm abates, and we begin to think
of our former work.
But the last Parliament was then sitting, and because something
of that nature was expected from them, it was advised we should
yet a little forbear, till we might see the issue. The Parliament
being ended, we encountered with an other Demurrer which was this :
The providence of God so ordered things, that many Ministers in this
County were unfixed, supposed they should be necessitated to remove ;
and several did remove to other Counties, so that we were again
forced to let all alone, expecting what way things would be cast.
And now all these things being over, we have once more re-assumed
our ancient Resolutions, casting our selves upon the Lord, and looking
up to him for asistance that things concerning his Honor and House,
with so much difficulty now brought to the birth, may not miscarry-
When these were now ready it pleased the Lord to give us this
encouragement; Our Brethren, the Ministers of our neighbor- County
of W estmerland , desired of us a Copy of our Propositions and
Confession ; and after they had among themselves considered and
debated them, they signified to us their free consent to all, except
what concerned the County of Cumberland in particular.
It will not be requisite to speak much in Explanation or Vindication
of what we propose ; because in most things it is fully done to our
hands, by Judicious and Learned Mr. Baxter in his Explication of
the Worcestershire Association, unto which we refer you for satis-
faccion, whiles we give a brief touch upon something in the general.
L Know that several things, as to Method, Phrase, and Omissions,
(which those that are versed in the Controversies about Government,
will readily observe) were not done altogether upon neglect or
madvertency, but on design.
2. That these were not calculated for every Meridian; we were
forced to have an eye to the general temper of our people, as well
as the differing Judgements of one another. And therefore let it not
be blamed, if it be found not suitable in all things to other places.
3. Let it be carryed in your minde all along, That through the
contexture of the whole work, our Debates were, what we ought to
do for the Churches peace, and not what each of us might do,
according to the latitude and utmost extent of the usual practice of
different judgements.
4. In all this Agreement there are no Principles broken on either
side; and nothing condescended unto by any, which hath not the
subscription and assent of eminent men in both parties in their
writings- The chief Corner-Stones of this Fabrick, are four, which
present themselves in the entrance, whereof the first and last Pro-
positions neither fear opposition, nor require explication ; if any should
loo The Ejected of 1662
question them, such evidence and general acception doth accompany
them that they will finde advocates in every place.
It is repeatedly contended in this Explication that no
" Presbyterian principle " is crossed by any " Proposition " ;
and that there is no need to take exception " against the
condescention of our brethren of the Congregational
judgement " in relation to others ; that it was a case of
running up " severall lines " and all meeting " in the
same point." Whether that is really so need not now be
considered, the important point is that it was an "Agree-
ment," in the production of which each party had
accommodated itself to the other for the " Churches
peace." The " Explication " ends with an " Exhortation
to all that love the Lord Jesus " ; and its spirit may be
gauged from the following : —
Shall the Presbyterian and Congregational Brethren stand at a
distance still ? then they mutually hinder one anothers work, and
betwixt them endanger the interest of the Gospel : Would you have
either of them to drive on their way to the overthrow of the other?
that's unchristian, unbrotherly, unmerciful : Is there hope of con-
vincing each other, and so of one party to come over to the other?
that's not to be expected. Is there a probability of union of affection
while the difference stands as wide as before ? Experience teacheth
the contrary ; alienation of affection is the onely issue of different
judgement and practice. What other thing then can be thought of,
besides mutual condescention in less things? And if both parties
would but stand to what hath been written on either side and improve
their mutual concessions, the composure of the difference would in a
great part be effected. And as for the remaining differences, if they
were put to this issue. How far we ought to yeeld for peace? it would
(through God's blessing) be quickly compleated.
Time did more for ■ those " Unionists " than was
anticipated ; the " unexpected " happened ; the fusing
process already begun continued ; the one party did pass
over to the other ; in point of fact, the Congregational rod
swallowed up the Presbyterian.
An interesting echo of the past appears in the following,
which also further illustrates the spirit of the men who
were behind this movement : —
Some (it may be) think an utter refusal of peace with the Presby-
terians is but a just requital of that rigour and harshness which they
The Association Movement loi
used to others when they had the chair. We do not justifie the
failings and irregularities of any ; all parties (we think) have too
much cause to acknowledge themselves guilty before the Lord, and to
be humbled : but if any make this a ground of distance, let him call
to minde that, in so doing, he becomes guilty of that which he
condemns in them : Nay, let him know, that whatever were the •
miscarriages of some particular men at that time, yet the Assembly
were even then no less desirous of concord with the dissenting
Brethren, then others are at this present : They that will read the
papers of Accommodation annexed to the Reasons of the dissenting
Brethren may sufficiently satisfie themselves in this.
One jarring note only will be heard in the document,
and it is near the end, where reference is made to the
Quaker movement. Its presence there is of the highest
significance; it shows how men peacefully disposed
regarded that movement. To them it appeared as the
swpreTnum Tnalum. The Quaker movement sought no
quarter at their hands ; it gave them none ; and they
gave none to it.
As for the quakers, one would think their actions and principles
would make a man that had any of common reason left to abominate
and abhor them : Sure we are, the prevalency of that madness is not
from any strength of rational, or scriptural satisfaction, (we have
seen many strongly and passionately possessed with that, who yet
neither understood it, nor could give a reason for it) but prove an
€V€pyia TrX.avr]s the efftcacie and strength of deluswn, through divine
judgement upon them : Shall we need to put you in minde of that
which your selves know so well, and are eye and ear witnesses of, as
well as we ? How visible is the devils foot in the beastly nakedness
of men and women in our Assemblies : In what a strange unchristian
temper of railing, reviling, censuring, and lying do they appear in
publike, insomuch that a Scold with a stentorian voice is the fittest
Antagonist to undertake a dispute with them. What gross principles
do they maintain ? as of setting up their Conceits and Experiences,
as being of equal authority with the Scriptures; and that the
Scripture bindes not them, if not set on their hearts by a present
impulse : Their denying interpretations of Scripture, under the name
of Meanings and Additions : Their following the Light within : Their
pleading for a necessity of being saved, as Adam should have been,
by an absolute perfection : Their grievous conceits concerning Christ,
to the subverting of the Doctrine of his Nature, offices and satisfac-
cion : Their neglect and demise of the observation of the Lord's Day
I02 The Ejected of 1662
and Ordinances as Baptism, and the Lord's Supper &c. We might
tell you of their ridiculous interpretation of Scripture (interpretation
of Scripture is a fault in other men, but none in them) of their
placing their religion in trivial things, as Thou-ing, and keeping on
the hat, when yet the weightier matters of commumion with God are
neglected. As also we might reckon up their self-contradictions, their
ignorant and sottish conceits about the unlawfulness of using words
which the Scripture useth not (as Trinity, Sacrament, &c.) or habits
which the Scripture speaks not of, when yet they cannot excuse
themselves from what they condemn in others; neither is it to be
forgotten that when they have stuffed a paper as full of lying and
nonsense as it can hold, (and we have many of them in our hands)
they blush not to father all upon the Spirit of God. Consider we
pray you the case of those that have been entangled, and yet are
pluck'd out as a brand out of the fire- Consider the relation of John
Gilping well, (you see what pitiful shifts they are put to, when they
would seem to say something in answer to it) observe what a
favourable aspect all their opinions have to Popery, and how visibly
those poor creatures are acted by the Jesuits as by the relation of
the man of Bristol, and others, it appears. What progress in grace,
and tnie religious walking can you observe in them since their
Apostasie? Where is now their constant Family and private prayers?
Where is that conscientious fear (which sometime they seemed to
have) of speaking evill of what they know not? Lastly, Doth not all
that they say against us (under the reviling terms Baals Priests, or
Priests of the World) strike also against all those Martyrs, which in
Queen Marie's time, and before, have laid down their lives for the
Testimony of Jesus ? Oh ! then beware, if you love your own souls :
what is there here that can be called Christian ? We could tell you
of some Christians in Cumberland, that have thought it their duty to
humble themselves solemnly before God for their inclinations this
way (when the error first appeared, and was not then well known)
and also to return thanks to God for preserving them from the
infection ; and the reasons of their dislike of the qvakers (given in
writing) were most of these that we have hinted to you. 'Tis good
to learn the danger of the snare from other men's dear-bought
experience. Mark therefore them, which cause divisions and offences,
contrary to the doctrine which yee have learned and avoid them: For
they that are such serve not the Lord Jesus but their own belly,
Eom. 16. 17. We shall conclude this with that of 1 Tim. 6. 3. 4. 5.
If any man teach otherwise, and consent not to wholesome words
even the words of our Lord Jesus Christ, and to the doctrine which
is according to godliness, he is proud, knowing nothing <kc. From
such withdraw thyself.
The Association Movement 103
A further sentence says : —
These Counties of Cumberland and Westmerland have been hitherto
as a Proverb and a by-word in respect of ignorance and prophaneness ;
men were ready to say of them as the Jews of Nazareth, Can any
good thing come out of them? Let us now labour to become a
blessing and a praise, that people may say concerning us, Behold in
the Wilderness waters have broken out, and streams in the Desert;
the 'parched ground is become a pole, and the thirsty land springs of
water; it doth re Joyce and blossome as the rose.
This document thus -epitomized is in every way
remarkable. It . bears upon every line the stamp of
the highest scholarship and Christian statesmanship.
Compromise is scarcely the word to use in relation
to it, because it so often carries with it sinister
meanings; while, whatever those men surrendered,
and possibly they surrendered more than they knew,
it was for them a sacred offering on the altar
of Christian peace. The document reveals a singular
passion for the success of the Divine Kingdom. To
secure unity, and so efficiency in the Church, that it might
the better accomplish its mission, was the inspiring
motive throughout. What also impresses the reader is
the entire absence of any authoritative tone : advice,
counsel, peace, conciliation, patience and forbearance, are
the outstanding and dominant words in it. Yet further,
judged by this document, the spirit of the Association
movement was manifestly inclusive and not exclusive.
Dr. Wilson says : "All scandalous persons, such as
episcopalians, papists, and quakers were rigidly excluded
from the Association till they had publicly recanted their
errors." There is not the slightest warrant for any such
statement. Papists and Quakers were obviously inelig-
ible; but the "scandalousness" which excluded referred to
moral and spiritual character, and not to denominational
sentiment and creed. There is not a sentence, or even a
word, in the whole document, which suggests that an
" Episcopalian " as such was regarded as " scandalous,"
and so debarred fellowship with the Association ; but
there is a statement to the effect that it was decided to
I04 The Ejected of 1662
propound the design in the " whole ministry of the
County in general." Episcopalians are nowhere men-
tioned by name, as are Presbyterians and Congregation-
alists, but it is practically certain that not a few joined
the Association, who, if any thing at all, were Episcop-
alian.
It will further illustrate the spirit of these Associations
if we consider for a moment the Worcestershire one.
This welcomed Episcopalians as readily as representatives
of any other denomination. Baxter says: —
In our Association in this County, though we made our Terms
large enough for all, Episcopal, Presbyterians, and Independants,
there was not one Presbyterian joyned with us that I know of (for
I knew but of one in all the County Mr. Tho. Hall) nor one
Independant, (though two or three honest ones said nothing against
us) nor one of the New Prelatical way (Dr. Hammond's) but three
or four moderate Conformists that were for the old Episcopacy ; and
all the rest were meer Catholicks ; Men of no Faction, nor siding with
any Party, but owning that which was good in all, as far as they
could discern it; and upon a Cooicord in so much, laying out them-
selves for the great Ends of their Ministry, the Peoples Edification.'
Again : —
The Ministers that thus associated were for Number, Parts and
Piety, the most considerable part of all that County, and some out of
some neighbouring Counties that were near us. There was not that I
know of, one thorough Presbyterian among them, because there was
but one such that I knew of in all the County, and he lived somewhat
remote : Nor did any Independant subscribe, save one : for there
were (that I knew of) but five or six in the County, and two of the
weightiest of them approved it in words, and the rest withdrew
from our Debates, and gave us no reason against anything proposed.
Those that did not come near us, nor concur with us, were all the
weaker sort of Ministers, whose Sufficiency or Conversation w£is
questioned by others, and knew they were of little esteem among
them, and were neither able or willing to exercise any Discipline on
their Flocks : As also some few of better parts of the Episcopal way,
who never came near us, and knew not of our Proposals, or resolved
to do nothing till they had Episcopacy restored; or such whose
Judgments esteemed such Discipline of no great necessity : And one
or two very worthy Ministers, who approved of our Agreement,
1. Rel. Bax., p. 97.
The Association Movement 105
subscribed it not, because they had a People so very Eefractory, that
they knew they were not able to bring them to submit to it. i
There is no definite information as to the extent to
which Ministers in Cumberland and Westmorland joined
the Association. It had three districts — Carlisle, Penrith
and Cockermouth, — and the District Meetings appear to
have been monthly. At a " Generall Meeting" of all the
Districts held at Keswick on May 19th, 1658, Dr. Gilpin
preached a Sermon with the following Title :
THE TEMPLE REBUILT
A DISCOURSE
on Zachary 6. 13.
Preached at a General Meeting of the ASSOCIATED MINISTERS
of the County of Cumberland at Keswick May 19.
By Richard Gilpin, Pastor of the Church at Graistock in Cumberland.
Not by Might, nor by Power, but by my Spirit, saith the Lord of
Hosts. Zach. 4. v. 6.
London
— by E. T. for Luke Fawne at the [Chu]rch-yard and are to be sold
at — Bookseller in Carlisle.^
On the inside page is the following : —
Wee, the Associated Ministers of the County of Cumberland, do
earnestly desire our Reverend Brother, Mr. Richard Gilpin, to Print
his Acceptable Sermon, Preached this day at our Generall Meeting.
Signed by
Ktswick in Cumberland Timothy Tullie,
May 20. 1658. Moderator Pro Temp.
John Iackson, Scribe.
The Sermon is dedicated —
To my Reverend, Peaceable and dearly Beloved Brethren, The
Associated Ministers of the County of Cumberland, and is from
Your unworthy fellow-servant,
Graistock Aug. 2. Richard Gilpin.
1658.
1. Rel. Bax., p. 148.
2. There is a copy in the Jackson Library, Carlisle. The front page
is torn a little at each comer, and some of the later pages seem to be
missing.
io6 The Ejected of 1662
The text is Zech, vi. 13, and the Sermon, which was
preached to further the interests of the Association,
should be read in conjunction with the " Agreement."
It is an interesting commentary upon it, and, while it
contains a strong plea for peace in the Church, helps to
make clear the purely voluntary character of the Associa-
tion to whose members it was delivered. In the dedication
the Preacher says : —
Among the many favours which God hath bestowed upon us and
the County where we live; this is none of the least, That God hath
poured upon us some measure of his Spirit of peace and hath blessed
us thus far in it ; the blessed fruits of Concord which we have already
tasted (if we should never see more) together with the sweetness of
the testimony of Conscience (thus far acquitting us from the guilt
of Church-Murther) are a sufficient recompence for all the trouble it
hath given us. Great are the advantages that we and our people
have from hence; united Counsels promise more safety, and justly
challenge a greater respect and reverence to our proceedings : our
joint concurrence in what we practice puts us in a better posture of
mutual communication of gifts, graces, strength and assistance (stones
in conjunction as in an arch, will support one another and bear up
the weight of the whole Fabrick, which, being divided and scattered,
they cannot do) besides, it may do much to cure that itch after
novelties, that intemperancy of roaving, doubting and scepticism in
Christians about Government, when they see their leaders unanimous
and not so wedded to their opinions as to undo the Church for
Punctilios.
The " Brethren " are urged to keep their hands to the
good work, and reference is made to some who secretly
malign, and whisper against the " peace," whose further-
ance the Association had for its "design'. "We intend
not," says the preacher, "to cut off the liberty of particular
Congregations."
It is curious to note that no attempt appears to have
been made to introduce Classical Presbyterianism into
Cumberland, though in closest proximity to Scotland,
where it was all powerful. For it ought to be made quite
clear that the Association just named was not a
Presbyterian movement. Dr. Drysdale speaks of " the
Presbyterian spirit and genius of these Associations " ; *
1. Drysdale, p. 368.
The Association Movement 107
but that tells rather against than in favour of their real
Presbyterian character. They were purely voluntary
Associations, care being taken to make it perfectly plain
that no real jurisdiction could be exercised over any one
of the Associated Churches. It was the appearance of
these Associations, which, as much as anything, checked
the growth of Classical Presbyterianism ; to their spread
must be attributed, in large measure, the decay of the
very system which it is often contended they helped to
conserve.
The Congregational Magazine for 1822,^ referring to this
Association, says : —
The Baptist brethren appear to have had the chief management of
its affairs during later times : and the late Rev. Charles Whitefield of
Hamsterly is said to "have drawn up for the Baptist Annual
Register, an accurate account of this Association from the year 1699,
consisting of above 70 close pages in 4to." See Baptist Annual
Register, Vol. I, p. 63, 1790. In the year 1798 it underwent some
alterations, and a Society was formed by the name of " The Northern
Evangelical Society for the more general diffusion of the Gospel by
itinerant preaching, in the Counties of Cumberland, Durham, North-
umberland and Westmorland." Id. iii, p. 425. This Society having
declined another was established in 1810, which has been since known
by the title of The Congregational Union isi Cumberland and West-
morland.
Only very remotely indeed can any historic continuity
be found between the Cumbrian Congregational Union of
the 19th Century and the Association of Commonwealth
times ; and the attempt to trace these connections which
are more poetic and sentimental than real, is apt to lead
to serious historic confusion. It is almost certain that
the greater part of these Associations died after the
Restoration, and that the Unions of the closing years of
the 17th Century had no connection with them, beyond
the fact that the habit of associating, which those earlier
institutions had formed, prepared the way for the more
permanent Unions of later times.
The sister County of Westmorland did proceed a stage
1. P., 714.
io8 The Ejected of 1662
farther than Cumberland in the direction of Presby-
terianism. In 1645, the Speaker of the House of
Commons was authorized to send a letter to the various
County Committees of Parliament, to ascertain how the
respective Counties could be divided for Presbyterian
purposes, and what " ministers and others were fitt to
be of each Classis." Westmorland responded early in
the following year, suggesting " that there shalbe one
Classis within the Barony of Kendall," and another " for
the bottome of Westmerland Division." This extremely
interesting and curious document, containing the names
of both Ministers and suggested Elders, is still in exist-
ence, and the following is a copy together with that of the
letter attached to it:^ —
Honorable Sr.
Wee received yor Honors lettr (dated the 22d of September last)
the 3rd of ffebruary last Wherein is required of us, with advise of
Godly Ministers to returne to yor Honor such Ministers and Elders
as are thought fitt for the Presbiteriall way of Government, (wch wee
much desire to be established) and the Severall Classes. After wee
received yor Honrs letter to that purpose (though long after the date)
wee speedily had a meeting, and upon due consideration, nominated
the Ministers and Elders which wee thought fittest (as yor Honor
may Conceive by this enclosed) for the Presbyteriall imploymint as is
desired and have devided the County of Westmerland into two
Classes. Since the expediting of this yor Honors derection ; wee
have heard of an Ordinance of Parliamt directing to the Election
of such Persons ; But as yet neither Order nor Ordinance hath come
unto us. Only yor Honors Letter is or [our] Warrant and Instruction ;
And accordingly, we make bould to send (here inclosed) the names
both of Ministers & Elders And if wee faile in the Parliaments
method in this perticular; wee shall willingly (upon yor Honrs
next direction) rectify any mistake for the present, and shalbe willing
to Submitt to yor Honors and Parliamentary directions ; which wee
shall daily expect that in whatsoever wee have missed, wee may
amend it.
Thus with or [our] Service recomended, Wee remaine
Kendall 10th Martij.
1645/6. Your Honors Servants.
Ric. Priscoe Maior.
Rich. Brainthwaite. Tho : Sleddall.
Allan Gilpin. Ger. Benson.
"Westmorland Certificate 109
Thom : Sandes. Rowland Dawson.
John Archer. Edmund Guy.
[Endorsed on the outside]
10 Martij 1645
From the Maior & Comttee at Kendall ffor the Hoble Willm
with their Classes Lenthall Esq Speaker
of the Comons house
of Parliamt.*
The Classis for the Division of the Barony of Kendall, in the
Countie of Westmerland.
It is thought Convent by us of the Comittee whose names are
Subscribed wth ye Advice of divrse godly ministrs for the
Setlemt of the Presbiterian Govermt that there shalbe one Classis
wthin the Barony of Kendall.
Mr. Henry Masy mnr of Kendall.
Elders. — Mr. Nicholas ffisher,
Capt. Roger Bateman, Mr. Gervase Benson, Mr.
Allan Gilpin, Mr. John Archer,
Mr. Thomas Sandes, William Bateman, William
Sheepherd, John Rowlandson, and
Myles Bateman, junr.
Mr. Samuell Cole, mnr. of Heuersham.
Elders. — James Bellingham, Esq. Edward Wilson, gent.
Edward Brigges, Myles Greenwood,
Willm Moone, William Rawson, and Thomas Benson.
Mr. William Cole, mnr of Kirkby Lonsdale.
Elders.— John Midleton, Esqr. Mr. Myles Mann,
Mathew Atkinson, John Garnett,
Wm. Garnett, Wm. Ward, and Edward Mansergh.
Mr. Johnson, mnr of Burton, one whoe hath formerlie Complyed wth ye
enemie, but hath since taken the Covent, and the oath of the 5th of Aprill.
Elders. — Richard Pendreth, John Cam, William Cartmell,
Robt. Claughton, George Jackson, and Richard Wright.
Mr. Moone, mnr.. of Bethome, a verie weake and unable mnr.
Elders.— Richard Sill, Roger Sill, Robt. Button,
Roger Dickinson, Rowland Crosfeild, & Nicholas Borwick.
1. Tanner MSS., vol. Ix, fol. 532, Bodl.
no The Ejected of 1662
Mr. Samuell Harison, mnr of Killington.
Elders. — James Madeson, James Aykerigg, Anthony-
Burrow, and Thomas Priccott.
Mr. Richard Archer, mnr of Winderme, lately Come from the Univsity
at Oxford. A Non covenantr and disafiected.
Elders. — George Birkett, John CoUinson,
George Browne, and Adam Birkett.
Mr. Henry Wilson, mnr of Gressmr, a notorious maUgnt, and articled
agt. at Parlt.
Elders. — Mr. Thomas Brathwt, Michaell Benson.
Edward Knott, and Francis Benson.
The Classis for the bottome of Westmerland Division
Mr. Thomas Dodson, Ministr of Ravenstondale.
Elders — Mr. Willm ffothergill, Anthony ffothergill,
Cuthbert Hunter, George ffawcett, Philip Bousfell, Ralph Milner.
Mr. George fEothergill, vicar of Orton.
Elders. — Mr. Bryom Berkbecke, Mr. George Bindlass,
John Thornborrow, Thomas Vv harton, Robt. Sharpe, Edward Berkbecke.
Mr. Joseph Bousfell, ministr of Crosby Garratt.
Elders. — Himiphrey Bell, James Richardson,
Thomas Robinson, James Richardson.
Vacancy of Kirkby Stephen.
Elders — Mr. John Covell, Mr. Robt. Scaife, John Bracken,
Christopher Hindmer, Peter Wharton, Rowland Shaw.
Mr. Willm. Richardson, vicar of Brough, a non covenantr, & disaffected.
Elders. — Mr. Thomas Ewbanke, John Munkhouse,
Robt. Wardell, George ffothergill, Rogr. Nicholson.
Mr. Willm. Curwen, vicar of Crosby Ravenswath.
Elders. — Mr. Miles Berkbecke,
Thomas Robinson, James Salkeld.
Dr. Dawes, Ministr of Barton & Parson of Asby, a- pluralist, & Mr.
Thomas ffawcett, curate, of Asby.
Elders for Asby par. — Allan Bellingham, Esq.
Mr. James Bellingham, James Wilson, Anthony Parkin,
Willm. Richardson.
"Westmorland Certificate 1 1 1
Mr. Robt. Simpson, parson of Ormeside, Vicar of Bongate, a non
coventantr & a pluralist.
Elders for Ormeside par — Willm. Outhwaite, Henry ffawcett.
Mr. Thomas [John] Vaux, Parson of Musgrave, a non covenantr &
disaffected.
Elders. — Thomas Hall, Thomas Breake, Richard ffenton.
Mr. Edward Mowson, Vicar of Warcop p [arish].
Elders. — Johe Scaife, Bartholomew Scaife, John Tompson.
Mr. Richard Burton, parson of Dufton, a pluralist.
[" Elders " wanting]. — Mr. John Hewetson,
Christopher Elwood, John ffurnace, Tho. Walton.
Mr. Henry Hutton, parson of Long Marton, a Non covenantr and
disaffected.
Elders. — Richard Pearson, John Blamire, Robt. Richardson.
Mr. Lancelot Lowther, parson of Kirkbythuer, a Malignant &
pluralist lately come from ye Kings Quarters.
Elders. — Heugh Lawson, Mr. John Hall.
Mr. Alexander Bate, ministr of Milburne.
Elders — Sir Richard Sandford, Kt., Mr. Thomas Harrison.
Mr. John Moreland, Minister of Nev«rbiggin, a non covenantr.
Elders. — Henry Thompson, Thomas Gaskin.
Mr. Thomas Robinson, minister of Browham.
Elders. — Thomas Winter, George Birkbecke.
Mr. John Winter, minister of Clifton, one who formly complyed wth
the Enemy, but since taken ye Covent.
Elders. — John Wilkinson, Thomas Dawson.
Mr. Timothy Tully, Minister of Cliburne, a non Covenantr and
disaffected, but hath taken ye oath of ye 5th of Aprill.
Elders. — Willm. Cowp, Stephen Robinson, Henry Cliburne.
Mr. Willm. Hall, minister of Moreland, formly complyed wth the
Enemie, but since taken the Covenat.
Elders.— Mr. John Moreland, Mr. Wilhn. Bland,
Mr. John ffallowfeild, James Webster, Junior.
112 The Ejected of 1662
Mr. John Teasdall, parson of Lowther.
Elders. — Mr. Christopher Teasdale.
Edward Birbecke, Robt. Hudson.
Doctr. Dawes, Minister of Barton, ut supra.
Elders. — Willm. Lancaster, Willm. Smith, John Harrison, Thomas
Browne.
Mr. Lancelot Hutchinson, minister of Askam, hath formly complyed
wth the Enemie, but since taken the Covenant.
Elders. — Thomas CoUinson, Edward Lancaster,
John Strafford, Henry Winder.
Mr. Matthew Wilkinson, minister of Bampton.
Elders. — Mr. John Bradely, Thomas Jackson, Senr.
Thomas Jackson, Jun., Thomas Murthwait.
Mr. John Dalton, minister of Shap p-CarishJ.
Elders. — John Barwicke, John Robinson.
Thomas Whinfell, John Langhome.
Mr. Robt. Simpson, Minister of Bongate, a non covenantr& a pluralist.
ut supra.
Elders. — Lancelot Machell, Esqr., Mr. John Lowson.
Reginald Leigh, Anthony Harrison.
Mr. Edward Guy, Minister of Appleby, a non covenanfcr.
Elders. — Mr. Richard Branthwaite, Mr. Edmond Guy,
Mr. Thomas Yaire, Robt. Nanson,
John Smith, Jan., Willm. Shepheard.
[Endorsed] — Names of the Classis in ye Barony of Kendall in ye
County of Westmrland.^
A glance at the ministerial names in this document,
with the comments appended in each case, will show how
remote was the chance of success for anything in the
nature of real Presbyterianism in Westmorland, even had
it been adopted. The Masy Letters ^ are even more
decisive evidence still. The writer, who possibly had
much to do with the construction of the scheme, inces-
1. Tanner MSS., vol. Ix, fols. 526-7.
2. Vide p. 879.
Conventicles 1 1 3
santly bewails the lack of some such Church system, and
describes the district as " rotten " because there was so
little of the Presbyterian sentiment in it. The plan,
however, never was adopted, it remained a purely paper
one; the simple fact is that in this area organized
Presbyterianism never obtained footing.
The repressive legislation, to which the Uniformity
Act was a kind of prelude, did not put an end to
Nonconformity. Meetings were held in secret places,
" Conventicles," they were called ; and these illicit
gatherings were a constant source of trouble and anxiety
to the authorities. The State Papers for this period
throw a strong, clear light upon the hysterical condition
of the time. Rumours of plots occasioned by the gather-
ings of the people in secret places played havoc with the
excited imagination of the authorities. Sir Philip
Musgrave, writing to Sir Joseph Williamson, on January
loth, 1662-3, says: —
The nonconformists have never been so public and impudent in their
meetings since they had a king. There are rumours that the writer
is turned out as governor [of Carlisle] and a Papist put in his place.
Sir George Fletcher has oflered to the King to defend the place at a
less charge.'
Writing again to Williamson from his home at Eden-
hall, on October 26th, 1663, he says: —
Traced the plotters in Westmoreland, on October 12th, to their
meeting place. They said Lord Fairfax would lead them, with a
considerable party and the soldiers sent to Portugal; and that their
friends in Scotland and Cumberland were in arms. Some are now in
Appleby Gaol. Capt. Atkinson, their principal man, formerly a
pretended intelligencer, is secured. Hearing of the stir in Yorkshire
went, although ill, to Appleby, to take examinations and view the
trained bands. Sir Pat. Curwen has behaved very handsomely ; does
not draw well with the other [deputy lieutenants,]'.*
The following is from the pen of Sir Daniel Fleming
1. Cal. S. p. Dom., 1663-4, p. 10.
2. Ibid., p. 315. \
114 ^li^ Ejected of 1662
of E-ydal Hall, to Sir Joseph Williamson, and it is
particularly interesting on many accounts : —
Kendall, Nov, 14, '63.
Sr.
You should have had a returne long ere this of my thankfuUness for
your many favours at my last beeing in Towne, had I not been very
loath to have given you such a trouble amongst your more weigty
affaires ; Knowing very well, yt such Trash should not take up any
of your time, wch is alwayes imployed to a much better purpose ;
And since I have hitherto been so spareing, I hope you'l now pardon
ye trouble here brought you ; ye rather since its omely an Act of my
duty to give you some Account of our Actings in this part of ye
Countrey, (beeing a stranger unto Sr Henry Bennet, who now supplyes
ye place of our Lord Lieutenant for Westmerland) yt you may
comunicate so much thereof, as you shall see cause. I need not tell
you, yt this Country is divided into two (almost) equall parts (viz.
Kendall Barony & ye Bottome of Westmerland) & yt in almost all
things wee act severally, being divided by great mountanes, & yt in
ye former there's no Deputy-Lieutenants resident, save Mr. Alan
Bellingham & my selfe, nor need I acquaint you with ye pticulars of
ye Deputy Lieutenants proceeding in ye Bottome agt Captaine Atkinson
& ye rest of ye Plotters there ; since I am confident you know ye same
already much better then I am able to informe you : But as to
what hath been acted since in this Countrey I shall make bold to
give you some account, ye same phaps haveing not yet arrived at
your hand. The last week Mr. Bellingham & I received an intimation
from Sr Philip Musgrave, that Captaine Atkinson (who not long since
escaped out of Appleby) together with some other desperate disaffected
psons (some of whom Sr Philip presumed to live here in ye Barony)
had a designe for another riseing shortly & to release all ye Plotters
imprisoned at Appleby before ye 11th instant & to revenge himself e
upon some pticuler gentlemen ; whereupon wee forth with raised all
our Train — hand-foot, who very chearfully & well appointed mett
us at Kendall upon Munday last, where I kept them upon strict duty
for three dayes till I heard from Sr Philip and Sr Geo. Fletcher,
yt ye designe was quashed for ye present. Mr. Bellingham and I then
secured about twenty psons, who had been Captaines or other officers
agt his Majesty, ejected Ministers, leading Quakers, or other dis-
affected & suspicious psons ; all whom wee dismissed upon Wednesday
last upon good Bond, excepting one Captaine French (whom wee sent
unto Penrith with two Troups at ye instance of Sr Philip) and one
Wallis an ejected Minister whom wee (with other justices of ye
Peace sent unto Appleby, there to bee kept prisoner for three months,
upon a Certificate from ye Arch-Bishop of York in pursuance of
Captain Atkinson 1 1 5
ye late Act of Uniformity. If I may here shoot my Bolt, I think
wee are pretty secure from any danger at present, since wee have few
active psons yt are disaffected among us ; and if here shall happen
any Mischiefe, I dare say it will proceed rather from ye non-licensed
Ministers (which if ye Ordinaries will but certify, will bee quickly
made fast) of whom we have but a few ; or from ye Quakers of whom
Wee have too many, this part of ye countrey joyning upon yt pt of
Lancashire where Geo. Fox & most of his Cubbs are & have been
for a long time Kennel' d. Tho at present these psons are not much
reguarded, yet I am confident ye first reall danger wee shall bee
in will bee from them; for they are psons ye most numerous of any
one opinion yt are here agt [against] us; of ye closest correspondencies
(keeping constantly their meetings weekly within eight miles one of
another throughout all this countrey, if not england also) & they
are such yt will do mischief ye most resolutely of any, if Fox or
any other of their grand Speakers should but dictate it unto them
wch sowA of ym halfe threaten already. Sr Philip yet keepes a
guard y.^on ye Prisoners at Appleby to prevent all danger, some of
whom I heare are conveyed unto Carlile. I heare from my Brother
who is a Captaine in Lancashire under Coll : Kirkby yt all things
are quiet there onely some of them have ye same thoughts of ye
Quakers there as we have here. I will not quite weary you at ye
first, but have some mercy of you, beeing
Sr
your most affectionate
and obliged friend &
servant Dan : Fleming.
If you please at any time to honour mee with a line, direct your
Letter to bee left for mee at Kendall in Westmerland.'
There can be little doubt that some of this is very
highly coloured ; and that many of the so called plots and
intended risings were pure fictions. It was the oppor-
tunity of the informer, and he did not fail to use it; but
it serves to illustrate the excited condition of the time.
Xor were all these rumours baseless. Sir Philip
Musgrave and Sir Daniel Fleming were particularly
aggressive, and made themselves exceedingly obnoxious
to those whom they so grievously oppressed. It had
been strange, therefore, if reprisals had not been
thought of, and even attempted. Across the Tweed, this
kind of treatment was goading the Covenanters into open
1. S. P. Dom., Car. II, vol. 83, No. 98.
ii6 The Ejected of 1662
rebellion, and Imman nature is much the same every-
where. Captain Robert Atkinson already named, was no
fictitious person. His home was at Mallerstang, to the
south of Kirkby Stephen, among the wild mountain
scenery which is still rich in traditions of a romantic past.
He had served under Cromwell as Captain of Horse, and
during the Commonwealth had been most active against
the Royalists. Immensely popular in the district, he had
as colleagues in his aims Captain John Waller also of
Mallerstang, Colonel Richard Richardson of Crosby
Garrett, Thomas Fawcett of Ravenstonedale and Captain
Cuthbert Studholme of Carlisle, formerly a Parliamentary
Justice of the Peace in that city.^ The object of Atkinson,
and those who were in league with him, was by rising
" to force the king to perform his promises made at Breda,
grant liberty of Conscience to all but Romanists, take
away excise, chimney money, and all taxes whatever, and
restore a Gospel magistracy and mercy." ^ The meeting
place of the plotters was Kipper or Kaber Rigg, a village
about two and a half miles north east of Kirkby Stephen ;
and, as previously indicated, the rising was fixed for
October 12th, 1663. It was alleged to be part of a great
plan affecting a considerable portion of the country; but
somehow the rising did not take place, and Captain
Atkinson, with some others, was captured and lodged in
Appleby Gaol. He managed, however, to escape, but he
was ultimately recaptured, and is " next heard of as a
prisoner in the Tower. There he was examined before
the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Chief Justice Hyde, and
Mr. Secretary Bennet in tlie presence of Sir Philip
Musgrave and Sir Thomas Gower, the Sheriff of York-
shire."^
Chancellor Ferguson says that Atkinson " appears to
have confessed somewhat, lied a good deal, and shuffled
more, so, instead of the pardon he expected, he was
1. Vide pp. 187, 1365.
2. Hist, of West., by Chancellor Ferguson, p. 221.
3. Ibid., p. 223.
Indulgence Licenses 1 1 7
handed over to Musgrave, and hung either at Carlisle or
Durham in 1664; some accounts say Appleby." ^
In the Diary of the Countess of Pembroke is the
following : —
Aug. 20, 1664. Robert Atkinson, one of my tennants in Mallerstang,
and that had been my great enemy, was condemned to be hang'd,
drawn, and quarter'd as a traitor to the King, for having had a hand
in the later plott and Consperacy, so as he was executed accordingly
the first day of the month following ; and the 24th day of August
they went away from hence to Kendal. [These were the two Judges
of Assize.] ^
In 1669 in response to the request of Sheldon, Arch-
bishop of Canterbury, Returns of Conventicles from
various parts of the country were furnished. A list of
those relating to Cumberland and Westmorland is given
in Appendix V.^ Obviously the " Returns " are too meagre
to represent the full strength of Nonconformity in the
two Counties; but they are interesting as showing how
various areas were affected. The western side of Cumber-
land, in the neighbourhood of Cockermouth, where the
influence of Benson and Larkham would be felt; the
eastern side around Kirkoswald, where Atkinson had
suffered Ejection and Nicholson and Davis laboured; the
northern side, in and around Brampton, where Burnand
had been outed, were the infected districts, while West-
morland was largely occupied by Quakers.
The Declaration of Indulgence was welcomed as a
breathing time here, as elsewhere. A list of the Licenses
secured for this area appears in Appendix VII.* For
Cumberland there were eight Licenses for Teachers and
twenty one for Householders ; for Westmorland there were
only two for Teachers with eight for Householders. The
Teachers' Licenses for the two Counties were all for men
who had been displaced in consequence of the Restoration ;
and what strikes us is the paucity of such Licenses. Some
1. Hist, of West., p. 223.
2. Jackson's Cumb. and West. Papers and Pedigrees, vol. i, p. 50.
3. Vide p. 1329.
4. Vide p. 1365.
ii8 The Ejected of 1662
of those who had been ejected doubtless removed to other
districts and took out Licenses there; indeed we know
them to have done so. George Larkham appears to have
been the first to move in the matter, his License bearing
date May 8th, 1672, barely two months after the Indulg-
ence had been made public; and Gawin Eaglesfield was
the last, his License being dated December 9th, 1672,
about two months before the Indulgence was withdrawn.
The withdrawal of this Declaration, and the subsequent
cancelling of the Licenses which had been issued, was
followed by a renewal of persecution, and Presentments
for Nonconformity in Ecclesiastical Courts became
common. In Appendix YI.^ again appears a list of persons
so presented for several years, copied mainly from the
Carlisle Registry. This list gives a much better idea of
the strength of Nonconformity than the Conventicle
Returns just named; and, whilst it too shows that certain
areas were particularly affected, it also impresses us with
the fact that Nonconformity, in one form or another, had
more or less touched the whole of the two Counties.
A brief account of the Quaker movement, as it relates
to this district, will fitly conclude this Chapter. George
Fox, its great Founder and Apostle, was a native of
Leicestershire, being born in July, 1624, at Fenny
Drayton in that County. His father, Christopher by
name, " righteous Christer," as the neighbours were
accustomed to call him, was by " profession a weaver, an
honest man," and his mother was " upright." George was
piously brought up, intended by his relations for the
Church, but ultimately " put to a man who was a shoe
maker by trade." He tells about having frequent inter-
views with " the priest of Drayton, the town of my birth,
whose name was Nathaniel Stevens." "^ Probably, there-
fore. Fox spent his early days amidst Puritan influences,
though he says of Stevens, " this priest afterwards became
1. Vide p. 1330.
2. Fox's Journal (1765 Edition), p. 3. Nathaniel Stevens or Stephens
appears in Calamy's list of Ejected Ministers, and a high character is
given to him. Vols, ii, p. 419 ; iii, 577.
The Quaker Movement 119
my great persecutor." As a child he was quite different
from others, being already much of a mystic. " In my
very young years," says he, " I had a gravity and stayed-
ness of mind and spirit not usual in children " ; and
William Penn, his most distinguished follower and friend,
says that " from a child he appeared inward, still, and
observing beyond his Years " ; while Fox himself speaks
about the Lord shewing him, when only eleven years of
age, the things which in after life constituted his Gospel.
He was barely in his twenties when, impressed with the
coldness and formalism which had overtaken all religion,
and disappointed with preachers of every type, he set out
on his travels, journeying from place to place in quest of a
peace which for a while he could not find. " I fasted
much," says he, " walked abroad in solitary places many
days, and often took my bible, and sat in hollow trees and
lonesome places till night came on ; and frequently in the
night walked mournfully about by myself : for I was a
man of sorrows in the time of the first workings of the
Lord in me." ^ Peace came, however, at length; and he
found also his Mission.
George Fox held supremely to the spiritual character
of religion ; and what moved him so mightily, and made
him so often indignant, was the sight of religion
materialised, as he believed, by those in whose keeping
it was. Hence he called the people, who were in the
habit of attending the Churches, " professors " ; the
Churches themselves " steeple houses " ; and the Ministers
"priests." He taught also a kind of Perfectionism ; that
is, the full conquest of sin, because the doctrine of human
depravity, which was then a central part of Christian
Theology, he believed to be used as an excuse for continu-
ance in sin. In particular, he held the doctrine of the
Inward Light. He believed that God speaks direct to
every man through His Spirit; and this doctrine he
emphasized so strongly that he came perilously near to
destroying the authority of the Bible.
1. Journal, p. 6.
I20 The Ejected of 1662
He began his Mission about 1647 when he was in the
early twenties, and went through many Counties preach-
ing and teaching. His introduction to the district with
which we are concerned was due to a visit to Lancashire
in 1652. "As we travelled," he says, " we came near a
very great high hill called Pendle hill, and I was moved
of the Lord to go up to the top of it; which I did with
much ado, it was so very steep and high. When I was
come to the top, I saw the sea bordering upon Lancashire.
From the top of this hill the Lord let me see in what
places he had a great people to be gathered." ^ It is a
far cry from Pendle Hill to Wensleydale and Sedbergh,
and yet it would appear that it was the people in those
dales that were to be " gathered." This is made clear
by what happened to him the following night. " Here,"
says he, " the Lord opened unto me, and let me see a
great people in white raiment by a river-side, coming to
the Lord. The place that I saw them in was about
Wentzerdale [Wensleydale] and Sedbergh." ^ Travelling
by way of Grisedale, Dent and Sedbergh, he went to
Firbank on the other side of the Lune, about five miles
from Sedbergh, and first touched Westmorland soil there.
It was in the early part of 1652 when he paid this first
visit to Westmorland and his account of the day is worth
inserting : —
The next first-day I came to Firbank Chapel i^ Westmorland, where
Francis Howgill and John Audland had been preaching in the
morning. The chapel was full of people, so that many could not get
in. Francis said, He thought I looked into the chapel, and his spirit
was ready to fail, the Lord's power did so surprise j but I did not
look in. They made haste, and had quickly done, and they and some
of the people went to dinner : but abundance staid till they came
again. John Blakelin and others came to me, and desired me not to
reprove them publickly; for they were not parish teachers, but pretty
tender men. I could not tell them whether I should or not, though
I had not at that time any drawings to declare publickly against
them ; but I said, They must leave me to the Lord's movings. While
others were gone to dinner, I went to a brook, got a little water, and
1. Journal, p. 66.
2. Ibid.
The Quaker Movement 121
then came and sat down on the top of a rock hard by the chapel.
In the afternoon the people gathered about me, with several of their
preachers. It was judged there were above a thousand people ; to
whom I declared God's everlasting truth and word of life freely and
largely for about the space of three hours, directing all to the Spirit
of God in themselves. . . Many old people went into the chapel, and
looked out at the windows, thinking it a strange thing to see a man
preach on an hill or mountain, and not in the church, as they called
it. . . . Very largely was I opened at this meeting ; the Lord's
convincing power accompanied my ministry, and reached home to
the hearts of the people ; whereby many were coaivinced, and all the
teachers of that congregation (who were many) were convinced of
God's' everlasting truth. ^
Quite recently I visited 'this place, the gate through
which the Quaker movement entered Westmorland and
thence Cumberland. It is an impressive spot, away
among the hills with not a house near. The view from it
is magnificent, commanding, as it does, some of the
wildest and most majestic scenery in the County. The
Chapel has entirely gone, but it would not be difficult to
trace the foundations and it must have been quite a
miniature structure, A strong wall surrounds the
enclosure, and a few crumbling tombstones together with
three or four fir trees mark the place. When George Fox
visited here one of the main roads of the district ran close
by the Chapel, but to day, though the road remains, it is
untravelled and grass grown. On each side of the
enclosure is a rock, either of which would serve the
purpose to which it was put by George Fox, and each has
its advocates for the honour. From Firbank, Fox went to
Preston Patrick, Underbarrow, and TJlverston, where he
made the acquaintance of Judge Fell's wife of Swarth-
moor, whose husband he became on the death of the
Judge. Swarthmoor, also, became the chief centre of
Quaker influence, and, doubtless, it was the fact that
George Fox had his home so long here which contributed
1. Journal, pp. 68, 69. In "The First Publishers of Truth" (p. 243)
the people who attended Firbank Chapel are described as " a seekeing
and religeous people ther seprated from the Comon way of National!
worshipe."
122 The Ejected of 1662
greatly to give permanence and increase to the movement.
It was from Swartlimoor about the beginning of 1653 that
he paid his first visit to Cumberland, selecting the
extreme west for the purpose. " Now were great
threatenings given forth in Cumberland," says he, " that
if ever I came there, they would take away my life.
"When I heard it, I was drawn to go into Cumberland;
and went to Miles Wennington's in the same parish from
which those threatenings came; but they had not power
to touch me." ^ He tells about going into " the steeple
house at Bootle " ; thence to " John Wilkinson's steeple
house near Cockermouth, a preacher in great repute who
had three parishes under him " ; afterwards to " the
steeple house at Cockermouth where priest Larkhain
lived " ; to " another great steeple house of John
Wilkinson's called Brigham " ; then to " Thomas Bewley's
near Coldbeck " ; and thence to Carlisle where he was
imprisoned. Gilsland, Langlands, Abbey Holm, Keswick,
Kendal, Strickland Head, Pardsey Crag, and Wigton were
visited by him, and, in each case, large numbers attended
upon his preaching, and considerable conversions took
place. It has already been said that in taking exception
to Dr. Wilson's picture of the Quaker incursion there is
no thought of minimizing its wonderful success. There
cannot be any doubt about its laying hold upon the two
Counties ; but the points to be noted are that it was not
the Puritan preachers alone who felt this, but all did;
and still further, that the Association was on the eve of
being conceived and started on its way when George Fox
first set his foot in the County.
The most remarkable phenomenon connected with this
movement is that its chief Missionaries, the men who,
with eloquent speech and undying enthusiasm, went
everywhere, undeterred by hardship, suffering, imprison-
ment, and even the prospect of death, preaching this new
Evangel, were the product of these parts ; largely, indeed,
Westmorland men. The names of a few only can be
1. Journal, p. 95.
The Quaker Movement 123
given. Francis Howgill of Todthorne near Grayrigg,
one of the Fil-bank Chapel preachers ; Edward Burrough,
born in the Barony of Kendal; John Audland,
horn near Kendal, another of the Firbank Chapel
preachers; John Camm of Camsgil, in the Barony of
Westmorland; George Whitehead of Orton in Westmor-
land; Miles Halhead of Mountjoy, near Underbarrow;
John Burnyeat of Crabtreebeck in the parish of Lowes-
water, Cumberland ; John Banks of Brigham ; Christopher
Story of Righead, in the parish of Kirklinton ; John
Boustead of Aglionby, near Carlisle; James Dickenson
of Lowmoor House in the parish of Dean ; Samuel Bownas
of Great Strickland in Westmorland, are names written
large in the history of the Quaker movement; and to
their labours in various parts of the country the movement
owes much of the success that attended it during the 17th
Century.
That the Quakers aroused persecution goes without
saying; indeed of all the religious bodies in this country
none have suffered more for their principles. Some
evidence of this has already been given in the extracts
from the Calendars of State Papers, and the following
will serve to further illustrate the point : —
Aug. 24th, 1663. Sir Phil. Musgrave to Williamson. Those in
authority can hardly bear the insolence of the Quakers, who meet
200 or more every week ; they keep copies of proceedings against
them by justices of peace, to be r^ady against a time when they shall
call the justices to account ; stricter course should be taken with them
and a few horse kept in constant pay at Carlisle.'
Nov. 9th, 1663. Appleby. Chr. Musgrave to [Williamson]. Capt.
Atkinson, who escaped from Appleby Groal, is trying to raise a party
to attack the gaol and liberate the other prisoners. A servant of an
eminent Quaker, taken near Berwick, had suspicious papers on him.
Corporal Watson, now in custody, has discovered that there were
Quakers in the late conspiracy. The gaol is full and weak ; this
should be considered.*
Nov. 23rd, 1663. Appleby. Sir Philip Musgrave to Williamson.
The prisoners begin, to impeach each other. The King owes much
1. Cal. S. P. Dom. fdr 1663-4, p. 251.
2. Ibid., p. 332.
124 The Ejected of 1662
to Rich. Braithwaite for discovery of this dark design. The Quakers
have had a deep hand in the plot ; the names of those impeached must
not be made public, as some are not yet in custody, but a proclamation
against those who are fled would do goodi
January 7th, 1664. Penrith. Dan. Fleming to Williamson.
Thanks for his promise of a News-book weekly. The gentry there
have been together all Christmas, at the wedding of his cousin
Dalston's eldest son, of Acornbank. Those counties are quiet except
for frequent meetings of Quakers, many of whom are bound over to
the sessions. Hearing of an intended meeting in Lancashire, seait his
two brothers thither, who took 50 of them, and has sent the most
considerable to Lancaster, to be presented next Sessions. 2
January 16th, 1664. Kendal. D. Fleming to Williamson. Pro-
ceeded smartly at Lancaster assizes against the Quakers ; Committed
George Fox and half a score more to close gaol for refusing the Oath
of Allegiance, and fined 60 on the new Act, although Mrs. Fell
(Oliver's judge Fell's w^idow), did her utmost to prevent it. The
■ fines are to be levied, or they carried to the House of Correction.
At Appleby many are fined. This will soon stop their meetings, &c.
unless they obtain favour at Whitehall, which would much encourage
them. It is thought that Capt. Atkinson, who is reported to have
given himself in prisoner, will discover more of the York traitors'
design. 3
May 12th, 1664. Rydal. Dan. Fleming to Williamson. The
Westmorland Quakers are so obstinate that Sir John Lowther has had
16 indicted at the Quarter Sessions at Appleby, and the Justices have
requested the Parliament men to press remedies for prevention of
danger from fanatics. Col. Sawrey, Major Crisp, and Mr. Gosling
are bound over to good behaviom* to keep from Conventicles and to
appear when required. Has examined Grcorge Dixon of Troutbeck,
about a letter said to be written by him,, but thinks the accusation
untrue. Has committed George Walker and Rob. Wharton for a
share in the late plot, but they are obstinate and will not confess ;
will send them to Appleby, the gaoler at Kendal being himself a
fanatic. 4
These excerpts might be considerably multiplied, but
they are sufficient to show that the fiercest anger of the
authorities was directed against the Quakers. Sir Daniel
1. Cal. S. P. Dom. for 1663-4, p. 346.
2. Ibid., p. 433.
3. Ihid., p. 445.
4. Ibid., Vol. xcviii.
The Quaker Movement 125
Fleming was especially aggressive; he appears in parti-
cular to have kept a sharp eye upon Swarthmoor, where,
as he says, George Fox and his " Cubbs were kennel'd."
Whether there is any truth in the charge that the Quakers
were involved in the rumoured plots and risings, of
which the times produced such a plentiful crop, is not
certain. Probably some of the reports were fictions, and
others grossly exaggerated ; but it is diflScult to account
for them all except on the ground of complicity on the
part of some. "Apparently, at the time of the plot," says
Chancellor Ferguson, " the local justices included under
the name of ' Quaker ' every dissentient from their own
religion except Papists. Westmorland was also full of
Quakers who had been disowned by, or who had seceded
from, the Society of Friends, for in those days of religious
excitement men roamed rapidly from one form of religion
to another." ^ It is not, however, necessary to resort even
to such an explanation. There must have been some
bearing this name, men made wild and reckless by cease-
less persecution, whose thoughts turned for a remedy in
those directions ; and a few such would be quite sufficient
in the popular judgment, especially in the excited state
of the times, to involve the whole in suspicion. The
following is a list of committals in 1653, the year that
George Fox was itinerating in the two Counties : —
CXTMBERLANB :
George Fox committed Aug., 1653, for saying he was the Son of
God and other words, which they say are blasphemy, and yet on one
particular within the Act.
Westmerland.
Jo. Morland committed by the Judge of Assize at Apleby in
August last for refusing to be sworn on a Jury and fined 51.
Miles Halhead : committed 14 Aug. 1653 for speaking in the Steeple
house after the Priest had done.
Margaret Gilpin committed the same day for speaking in the Steeple
house before the Priest had done.
Thos. Casley committed the 21 of Aug. 1653 for speaking in the
Steeple house when the Priest had done.
1. Hist of West., p. 223.
126
The Ejected of 1662
Henry Ward committed the 28 of Aug. 1653 for speaking in the
Steeple house after all was ended.
Chrestof. Atkinson committed 4 Sept. 1653 for speaking in the
Steeple house after the Priest had ended his prayer.
John Aray committed the same day for going with him and saying
nothing.
Francis Howgill committed 4 of Sept. 1653, for speaking in the
Steeple house after all was ended.
Mary Cdllinson 28 Aug. 1653 for saying (while the Freest was
speaking) Tremble before the Lord.
11 September 1653.
Margaret Smith committed for speaking to the Priest.
Robert Newby for speaking to the Mayor.
Dorothy Waugh for speaking to the Priest.
Agnes Wilkinson for speaking to the Mayor.
Mary Dodding for speaking to the Priest.
Edmond AlUngton for speaking to the Preist.
A maid in Lancashire whose name I know not committed for
speaking to a preest.
Thomas Holm 28 August 1653
Alice Wilson 1 September 1653
Margaret Newby 1 Septem. 1653
Jane Waugh 4 September 1653
Mary Howgill 4 September 1653
Agnes Wilson 3 September 1653
Dorothy Waugh 6 September 1653
Mabel Warriner 6 September 1653
Anne Thompson 4 September 1653
Eliza Levens 4 September 1653
Eliza Bateman 4 September 1653.
.A.11 these persons being moved to
go to a Justice of Peace in Kendal
to speak to him against his perse-
cution and Tyranny and to warn
him of the evil to come were by
him committed to Prison. The
words spoken by them severally
to him as also the substance of
what the others spoke in the
Steeple houses might have been
set down, but this is not in-
tended as an accusatio«n of any,
nor to shew forth their ignorance
or weaknesses. '
Many of the Parish Registers furnish evidence of a
similar character, containing " Presentments " of Quakers
for offences of one sort or another, and the literature of
the time witnesses to the intensity of the feeling which
the movement had excited.
1. Quakers' Persecution in Northern England by Anthony Pearson,
October 3, 1653, pp. 4, 5. Copy in British Museum.
The Quaker Movement 127
Those were not days of smooth speech and elegant
diction. The lampooner, the rhymster, and the satirist
were common. If the pen was virile it was often
vitriolic ; and nowhere did this obtain so much as in the
domain of religion. In an account of Henry Winder's
case by Samuel Audland, the author styles his pamphlet :
" The Spirit of Quakerism Cloven-footed," and ends by
saying that he expects a rejoinder under some such title
as this : " Truth once more Victorious, or Zion Rearing
up her Glorious Head again. Wherein S. A., Henry
Winder and all his Friends, are sent to the Bottomless-
Pit." 1 William Browns word, also, of Kendal, was a
vigorous Anti-Quaker writer, and very early in his career
he published : — " The Quaker Jesuite or Popery in
Quakerisme; Being a clear Discovery (1) That their
Doctrines with their Proofs and Arguments are fetcht
out of the Council of Trent, Bellarmine and others.
(2) That their Practices are fetcht out of the Rules and
Practices of Popish Monks. With a serious admonition
to the Quakers, to consider their ways and return from
whence they are fallen," Francis Higginson of Kirkby
Stephen, is said to have written " the first Book that ever
was written against that sink of Blasphemies Entituled —
The Irreligion of Northern Quakers." Another pamphlet
of local interest is : " The Quakers Shaken ; or a Fire-
brand snach'd out of the Fire. Being A brief e Relation of
God's Wonderfull Mercie extended to John Gilpin of
Kendale in Westmoreland and Who, as will appeare by
the Sequel was not only deluded, but possessed by the
Devil." This pamphlet printed July 4th, 1653, as the
title indicates, gives an account of John Gilpin's enfran-
chisment from the bonds of Quakerism ; and the truth of
the narrative is attested as follows : —
I believe this Relation to be true Edward Turner Mayor of Kendale.
By what I have heard of the carriage of John Gilpin and his
actings I do beleeve this Relation to be true — John Archer.
I saw him when he went through the Towne declaring himselfe the
way, truth and life, Ja : Cocke.
1. A copy of this rare and interesting book is in my possession.
128 The Ejected of 1662
Wee believe this Eelation to be true
J. [Thomas] Walker Pastor of Kendale.
J. Myriell Master of the Free schoole there.
Rich. Prissoe.
The. Sandes.
Allan Gilpin.
John Washington.
Rob. Fisher.^
Tlie Quakers themselves were responsible for much of
this. It was not merely that they indulged in certain
harmless eccentricities; such as refusing to uncover in
Church, to adopt the customary forms of speech; and to
take the usual oaths in Courts of Law, though these things
counted for much in that age, but that they outraged the
common decencies of life. Their practice of going
through the streets naked as a "sign" was an unpardon-
able exaggeration; while the way in which they disturbed
public worship, and flung insulting language at both
preachers and congregation was bound to excite deep and
bitter feeling. It was by no means in every case that
persons received their committals " for speaking in the
Steeple House after all was ended " ; or as another, almost
humorously, remarks for " going to the Steeple House and
doing nothing " ; it was much more frequently quite the
reverse. George Fox himself set a bad example in this
respect. His language about " Priest Lampit," the
Ulverston Minister, whose spirit he describes as " foul,"
and whom he did not spare even at death, declaring him
to be "an old deceiver, and perverter of the right way of
the Lord, and a persecutor . . an old false prophet," ^
did not err on the side of Christian charity. The only
excuse for all this lies in the fact that in their wildest
deeds, and most senseless vagaries, they acted from highest
motives. It was the " voice within " which indicated
the way of duty, loyalty to conscience, an unenlightened
conscience possibly, which constrained people, otherwise
so orderly and quiet, to act in such fantastic and objection-
able fashion; and if it brought upon them suffering, it
1. Copy of pamphlet in Brit. Mus.
2. Journal, p. 495.
The Quaker Movement 129
was a suffering which was cheerfully borne. They were
sent to prison wholesale; at one time throughout the
kingdom thousands were incarcerated, yet they set at
defiance the cruel enactments which oppressed them.
They met openly for worship, and, as already intimated,
not one Quaker License was issued whilst the Indulgence
was in force, because not one was sought ; and there can
be little doubt that the Quaker movement, despite all the
oddities and objectionable features of its earliest days,
contributed largely towards the inbringing of that greater
freedom which the closing years of the 17th Century
witnessed.
It is an interesting question, as to how it came about
that this movement caught on so readily, and achieved
such phenomenal triumphs in this district. In no other
part of the country does it appear to have been so
welcomed. Is the answer to be found, partly at least,
in the physical environment of the people? George
Fox was an enthusiast and a visionary. He was always
seeing visions and hearing voices which he believed
to be Divine. He acted as " the Spirit moved " ; he
tells us repeatedly that he felt " drawn " to a certain
course, and that the message which he delivered had come
direct from God. Living among the hills and dales of
these two Counties, in daily communion with Nature as
she appears in her wondrous majesty and impressiveness,
and with the imaginative faculties in consequence highly
developed the people would feel the impact of such a
personality. To them George Fox would appear as one of
the old prophets, and, holding their meetings, as they
frequently did, amid the great silences of Nature, every-
thing would conspire to make the Mission of the preacher
a success. Account for it, however, as we may, here is
the fact that the movement gained its greatest victories
in this area; found here its most heroic sufferers; and
discovered the men, who, as its Missionaries, not only
tramped England through and through, but even went to
other countries with that new Evangel, which had so
marvellously conquered themselves.
J
CHAPTER III.
The Men and their Story.
While tlie main purpose of this Chapter is to give, as
fully as possible, an account of the " Ejected " Ministers
of Cumberland and Westmorland, using the term in the
freer sense previously explained, it will not by any means
be restricted to that. No student of 17th Century eccle-
siastical history can fail to be impressed with the fact
that, though much has been written upon it, there is still
much left unexplained. " Parochial histories," says Dr.
Shaw, "invariably break down over the Commonwealth
period. It is not, or not merely, prejudice. The period
is not yet understood ... I really cherish the hope that
my book will inaugurate a new era in this matter, and
that both in our county histories and in the increasing
number of our parochial histories we shall see an end of
that ' 1640-60 ' blank system. The period was by no
means blank. "^ That statement errs on the side of
generosity in relation to the reason for this " blank
system." "Prejudice" has played a very large part in
the matter. The County Histories of Nicolson and Burn,
Hutchinson and Jefferson are quite disappointing in this
respect. There appears to have been no really serious
attempt to put an end to this irritating hiatus. The
period seems to have been regarded as a " usurpation "
and the Ministers as " intruders," and, in consequence, as
deserving of little or no attention. Historically there can
be no justification for this. The years were there, the
period was anything but " blank" ; and whatever attitude
may be assumed towards the Commonwealth, whose rise
and fall it witnessed, the Century is incomplete without
those years. Whatever view also may be taken of the
1. Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. i, preface xii.
132 The Ejected of 1662
Ministers, and whatever names may be assigned to them,
the hard fact remains that they held the livings, drew the
stipends and served the Cures, and the history of any
particular parish which ignores them is distinctly mis-
leading and imperfect. To meet this defect is the purpose
of this work, and of this Chapter in particular. The task
is far from easy, and it has been rendered the more
difficult by these long years of neglect. It is not in the
least intended to sketch, even in briefest outline, the
history of each Church in the area. That clearly would
be impossible, besides travelling far beyond the purpose
of this work. Moreover a large number of these founda-
tions do not come within the scope of our enquiries, from
the fact that they are of late date. As intimated in the
Preface, the idea is to give, as far as may be, a full and
correct list of 17th Century Incumbents in each case, so
that the reader may, for himself, see what men were
displaced during the Commonwealth regime, and what
by the Restoration and the Uniformity Act. In this way
both Walker's list of " Suffering Clergy " and Calamy'a
list of " Ejected Ministers " will be frequently tested.
In every case the Parish Registers have been examined
for the purpose. The enquiries, as already indicated,
have been restricted to the 17th Century, liberally inter-
preted. By way of further explaining what follows it
may be added that the divisions are purely arbitrary.
They represent neither modern Dioceses nor ancient
Archdeaconries ; they are simply chosen for convenience,
the idea being to fix upon an important centre in each
case and then range a number of Churches around it.
Purely again in the interests of convenience and clearness
the term " Sequestered " is reserved for a Minister dis-
placed during the Commonwealth, and " Ejected " for
one displaced at the Restoration, or by the Uniformity
Act.
CUMBERLAND.
I. THE CARLISLE GROUP.
I. CAELISLE.
St. Mary's and St. Cuthbert's.
In 1643, owing to repeated reverses in its conflict with
the King, Parliament decided to call in the assistance of
the Scottish nation. From the outbreak of the Civil War
this contingency had been anticipated, and negotiations
had been more or less in progress; but it was not until
September 22nd of that year that the Solemn League and
Covenant was adopted by both Houses of Parliament.
The decision was a most momentous one ; and it had far-
reaching issues. Among other things it gave to these
two northern Counties a position and influence in the war,
which otherwise they would never have obtained. In
particular, the border City of Carlisle, which lay in the
direct line of communication between the two countries,
frequently became transformed into the theatre of stirring
incident and even fateful battle. Twelve months after
the Solemn League and Covenant had been accepted, the
Scottish forces, under General Leslie, appeared before
Carlisle, and the City stood besieged from October, 1644,
to June of the following year. Isaac Tullie, a young man
of eighteen, and brother to Timothy Tullie, subsequently
Minister at St. Mary's Church, kept a Diary of the Siege. ^
In it is a list of contributions towards the needs of the
beleaguered City from prominent people in the district,
the names of several of the local Clergy appearing in it.
The list of the latter is here appended.
1. This small Tractate was published by Jefferson of Carlisle in 1840
and is now rarely to be met with. The original MS. is in the British
Museum.
134 The Ejected of 1662
£ s. d.
The dean and chapter of Carlisle, viz., the dean £4
and every prebend 30s. 10 0 0
Mr. Usher of Kirk Andrews 3 0 0
Mr. Constable of Arthuret 3 0 0
Mr. Welchman of Stanwix - 1 0 0
Mr. Head of Aikton . . - - - - 3 0 0
Mr. Warwick of Bowness and Brampton - - - 2 0 0
Mr. Burton of Orton 2 0 0
Mr. Priestman for Kirklinton - - - - - 1 0 0
Dr. Sibson for Bewcastle or the sequestrators - - 2 0 0
Mr. Gibson for Castle Carrick 10 0
Mr. Morland for Graystock 5 0 0
Mr. West for Addingham - - - - - - 1 0 0
The sequestrators of Great Salkeld parsonage - - 1 0 0
Mr. Goodwin of Lasonby - - - - - -100
Mr. Sharpies of Croglin 10 0
Mr. Milburne for Skelton and Ouseby - - - - 2 0 0
Mr. Langbaine for Keswick - - - - 2 0 0
Mr. Tunstell for Caldbeck - 2 0 0
Mr. Hudson for Uldale and Kirkbride - - 2 0 0
Mr. Eobinson for Torpenhow 200
Mr. Fairfax for Bolton 2 0 0
Mr. Fletcher of Plumbland - - - - - 2 0 0
Mr. Wilkinson of Gilcrux 10 0
Mr. Beck of Brumfield 1 10 0
Mr. Cookson of Brigham -100
Mr. Fletcher of Dean 2 0 0
Mr. Lowther of Workington 2 0 0
Mr. Antrobus of Egremond 1 10 0
Mr. Fletcher of Distington 1 10 0
Mr. Hudson of Harrington - - - - 2 0 0
Mr. Tubman of Whitcham 10 0
Mr. Braithwaite of Lamplugh 10 0'
The City made a long and brave defence, and the people
suffered much hardship, subsisting for a time on horse-
flesh ; but eventually the besiegers were admitted, certain
articles of surrender having been agreed upon. Isaac
Tullie writes not unfavourably of the terms, and of the
conduct of the General in carrying out the agreement.
" The next day," says he, "being 25th of June, the Articles
were agreed upon, and the Citty of Carlyle, little in
circuite, but great and memorable for Loyalty, received
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 236.
1
Carlisle Siege 135
a Scots garrison upon the 28th of June, upon these noble
articles, which by David Leslys strict command and
p'sonall conduct were punctually performed, both to those
that marched out, and to the Cittysons that staid at
Home." ^ Chancellor Ferguson takes some exception to
Isaac TuUie's generous view of the conduct of the con-
querors and says : —
The shattered condition of the nave of Carlisle Cathedral, and of
the conventual buildings, shows that Tullie viewed very leniently
some of Lesley's doings, if he did not consider the pulling down a
great part of the nave, and of the conventual buildings, an infraction
of the 3rd article of surrender "that no church be defaced." 2
Chancellor Ferguson's own description of matters is in
the following terms : —
The victors, in violation of the articles of surrender, played havoc
with the cathedral ; they pulled down great part of the nave, cloisters,
and prebendal houses, and used the materials for the repair of the
fortifications. This surrender, indeed, made a clean sweep of every-
thing in Carlisle ; bishop, dean, and prebendaries had all been
sequestrated and deprived prior to the siege, and disappear
The Solemn League and Covenant of 1643 had ejected several of the
Episcopalian clergy of the diocese, and some that remained were
ejected on the "Vacancy of Ministers" in 1655.3
The tendency, however, in these .matters, is to draw
largely upon the imagination; and it has repeatedly been
found necessary in this work to take exception to this
type of statement. The authority for it is almost invari-
ably either Walker or Todd, both of whom wrote greatly
embittered against everything relating to Cromwell and
the Commonwealth. How little reliance may be placed
upon the statement just cited will be evident from the
fact that the paragraph in Dr. Todd's MS., upon which
Chancellor Ferguson bases it, ends with the following
sentence : — " It was their intention to have destroyed the
whole of the cathedral, but they were prevented by the
restoration." * Fifteen years elapsed between the sur-
1. Hist, of Cumb., by Chancellor Ferguson, p. 261.
2. Ibid.
3. Diocesan Histories, Carlisle, pp. 138, 139.
4. Jefferson's History of Carlisle, p. 56.
136 The Ejected of 1662
render of the City and the Restoration, and, if there had
been any wish to destroy the Cathedral, it is not easy to
see how the Restoration could have hindered. Moreover,
the request of the Trustees for the Maintenance of
Ministers, in 1658, to be supplied with information as to
the needs of the place, and their grant of a sum towards
its repair, indicates no such iconoclastic spirit as is here
suggested.^ The truth is that five years previously the
Cathedral buildings were in a condition calling for real
concern; and the following letter from the King in
relation to the matter together with the Bishop's reply is
extremely interesting.
September 4th.
Whitehall.
The King to Dr. Cumber, 2 Dean of Carlisle and Master of Trinity
College, Cambridge. We have lately been informed, both at our
1. Vide p. 166.
2. At this time there was a considerable amount of non-residence.
The Dean himself. Dr. Comber, was an absentee, and judging from the
following, at least most of the Petty Canons were : —
" 1639.
Petition of Robert Browne, preacher of God's Word, to the King.
The Dean and Chapter of Carlisle, in view of service done by petitioner,
gratified him with a lease 'of the tithes of Brisco in Cumberland, and
parcel now of their revenue, but of which they had no profit until
petitioner recovered the same by law at his great charge, soon after
which they required him to yield up his interest therein. In lieu
whereof they promised petitioner that he should have the first petty
canon's place in the church of Carlisle which should become void ;
whereupon he surrendered the same, and soon after was invested in the
said place, and continued so for some years past. Yet, notwithstanding,
of late they have made an Act to deprive him of that preferment with-
out admonition or calling upon him to show cause to the contrary, and
have placed another in his seat contrary to law. Conceives no other
reason can be shown for his deprivation but non-residence, a privilege
which all or most part of the rest enjoy, and are allowed their substi-
tutes. Prays the King out of his abundant clemency to restore him to
his former place."
It is certified by John Baynes, Mayor of Carlisle, Sir William
Musgrave, and two others. Justices of the Peace (Cal. S. P. Dom. for
1639-40, p. 202). For Mr. Browne, licensed preacher in 1636, see the
Watermillock preachers, p. 516.
Carlisle Cathedral 137
being in the North and since, that our cathedral church at Carlisle
is fallen exceedingly into decay, and indeed so far that if there be not
present care taken for the repair thereof it cannot be long upheld.
The government of this place is by us Committed to you and the
chapter there, and we doubt your long continued absence together
with some negligence of your predecessors, have hastened this fabric,
which should have been upheld both by your charge & care, toward
the ruin in which it is now like to fall without speedy supply. And,
though St. Paul's in London has found very good assistance and large
contribution from our subjects in general, yet you must not think
that the charge of repairing other inferior cathedrals can be put off
from yourselves upon the tState. These are therefore to require you
by yourself or your vice-dean and chapter to take present care for the
yearly repair of such parts of that church as are most faulty, that so
every year somewhat may be done according to your means there, till
the whole church shall be sufficiently repaired. And of this we
charge you and the chapter not to fail. We further you, that these
oui' letters be registered, that in them " succession " may read our care
and their duty in this behalf. We have likewise commanded one of
our Principal Secretaries of State to write to the bishop of that see to
require him to take care that these our commands be obeyed, and to
inform us from time to time if they be not.'
Dec. 6. 1639.
Bishop Potter of Carlisle, to Sec. Windebank. As soon as 1 could
receive an answer from the dean, 1 come to give you account of my
care to see his ^Majesty's royal and religious commands performed,
for the repairing of the cathedral church of Carlisle. As soon as 1
received your letter, I sent for the prebends, — -we have but four in
all, — and acquainted them with his Majesty's pleasure, making it
plain to them that if the reparation of the church should rest upon
the remainder of the rents, when all other duties and officers' [fees]
were discharged, there could nothing be done to any purpose in many
years. Indeed the rents in divers years come short to discharge all
claims, and therefore I entreated that out of the fines which they had
received the last year, averaging almost £300 to every prebend, and
about £700 to the dean, they would give something. Three of the
prebends who were present promised £50 apiece if the dean would
pay in proportion his part, which they rated to £200. Thereupon I
wrote to the dean and acquainted him with the prebends' offer. His
answer to me was, that he conceived the meaning of his Majesty's
letter to be, that the reparations of the church should rise only out of
the rents and not from the fines, yet he would be content to give
£100, towards the present reparations. This will not please the
1. Cal. S. P. Dom. for 1639, p. 478.
o
8 The Ejected of 1662
prebends, because, they say, it is but a small proportion for the dean,
the prebends having barely Jt;20 a year and the dean £120. As for
the fines, the dean has a third part, and the four prebends have the
rest, and therefore the prebends fall back from their promise of £50,
unless the dean will pay in his proportion. Yet order is taken for
providing some materials against the spring, but if the charge be laid
only upon the rents little will be done, and if there be not something
yearly reserved out of the fines, I am not like to live to see the church
sufficiently repaired. As occasion shall serve, 1 shall be careful to
give his Majesty a true account how his commands are obeyed.'
Whether the work of repair was taken in hand, and, if so,
to what extent, we have no means of knowing.
That the Cathedral buildings suffered during the Siege
may be regarded as certain; but in all probability it was
simply an accident of the war. The truth is, that much
of what is alleged in this way was simply impossible,
because of the political and religious complexion of this
area : it was too preponderatingly Royalist for a tithe
of the evil things to have happened, which writers are in
the habit of assigning to that period. Certainly the
statement about the Bishop, etc., being swept away
" prior to the Siege" is at fault : for Episcopacy was not
definitely abolished until 1646. Nor is there any evidence
of Sequestrations in this area as early as 1643. That the
Prebends, at least, were in existence in 1644, the time of
the Siege, is clear from the fact that together with the
Dean they contributed £10. "With the fall of Episcopacy
however, went the Cathedral Hierarchy; and a brief note
about the respective persons affected is necessary.
The Bishop at the time was the learned Dr. James
TJssher, Archbishop of Armagh, who had the Carlisle See
conferred upon him in commendavi on the death of
Bishop Potter in 1641. The grant was given to him on
February 16th, 1641-2, and he received the revenue till
the autumn of 1643. He was a man of great culture and
wide knowledge, a large contributor to Biblical literature,
of unstained character, of gentle spirit and liberal view.
He laboured unsparingly to promote religious unity and
peace in his day; and propounded a modified scheme of
1. Cal. S. P. Dom. for 1639—40, p. 149.
The Cathedral Clergy 139
Episcopacy, which Richard Baxter and others of his
school were quite prepared to accept. Bishop Ussher was
non-resident, and probably never saw his Carlisle Diocese.
He died at the age of 75 years, on March 21, 1656; and
Cromwell, who always had the highest regard for his
character and gifts, ordered his burial in Westminster
Abbey, which took place on the 17th of the following
month.
The Archdeacon and Chancellor was Isaac Singleton,
M.A. He died in 1643, and an account of him appears
under Crosthwaite, of which place he was Vicar. ^
The Prebendary of the First Stall was Dr. Lancelot
Dawes who was appointed in 1619. He was Vicar of
Barton and E-ector of Asby, and died in 1655. ^
The Prebendary of the Second Stall, appointed in 1640,
was Frederick Tunstall, M.A., subsequently the Seques-
tered Rector of Caldbeck.^
The Prebendary of the Third Stall was Lewis West,
M.A., the Sequestered Vicar of Addingham. He was
appointed in 1637 and also became Archdeacon. To both
positions he returned at the Restoration. ^
The Prebendary of the Fourth Stall, appointed in 1643,
was Henry Hutton, M.A. He was Rector of Long
Marton. ^
At this time Carlisle had two Churches ; and, respecting
the one dedicated to St. Mary, Jefferson, writing in 1838,
says : —
It is under the same roof as the cathedral, the west limb of that
venerable building having been appropriated, as it would appear,
from the earliest period, for the performance of the parochial duties.
During the civil wars its dimensions were considerably curtailed, two
arches only of the original nave being left by the ruthless spoilers.
This fragment has been galleried and pewed, and the space formerly
occupied by the remainder of the edifice is converted into a cemetery. 6
1. Vide p. 649.
2. Vide pp. 1111, 1224.
3. Vide p. 548.
4. Vide p. 349.
5. Vide p. 1149.
6. Hist, of Carlisle, p. 268.
I40 The Ejected of 1662
The Registers begin in 1648, the earliest volume being
long, thick and narrow. It is of parchment and in fair
condition, the writing being quite decipherable. It begins
with " Weddings " — baptisms being the same date. At the
other end of the book is " the Parish Register of St. Maries
Carlisle," commencing August, 1655, and ending December,
1732, "containing thirty four leaves." An interesting feature
of these Registers is the appearance against each person's
name of the place name of the district to which he belonged,
as : " Castlegate," " Abbeygate," " Richargate," etc.
The other Church, dedicated to St. Cuthbert, is only a
short distance away. The Registers begin in April, 1693.
Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1703, says 1603 ; but whether
that is a mistake for 1693 is not clear. The Transcripts,
however, begin with May, 1666 ; and in addition, there is
one folio occupied with baptisms for the years 1604 and
1605. This folio would seem to indicate the existence
of earlier Registers, which may explain Bishop Nicolson's
date.
It is extremely difficult to say how these two Churches
were served during the 17th Century. No one of the
historians makes any attempt to indicate this, still less to
construct a list of Incumbents. Chancellor Ferguson
alone is helpful in the matter. In his interesting and
valuable paper on the Carlisle Lectureship he says : —
Up to this time [1655] 1 have little doubt that the incumbents of
S. Cuthbert's and S. Mary's were not licensed preachers, and that all
the preaching that was done in Carlisle was done by the Bishop, his
chaplains, the prebends, and the lecturer. I have already pointed out
that the sermons and the service were at different times.'
From what appears elsewhere ^ this surmise about the
Cathedral Clergy would seem to be correct except that the
date, 1655, is late. Isaac Tullie informs us that
the following rendered service as preachers during
the Siege: — Frederick Tunstall and Lewis "West,
1. "The Lectureship and Lectures at St. Cuthbert's Church, Carlisle,"
by Chancellor Ferguson, reprinted from " The Transactions of the
Cumberlaind and Westmorland Archasological Society" for 1883, p. 320.
2. Vide p. 142, &c., for Lecturers.
Carlisle Lectureship 141
Prebendaries ; Timothy Tullie, then at Cliburn ; Jonathan
Goodwin of Lazonby ; and Featherstonhaugh ; from neigh-
bouring Counties, Dr. Basire, Prebendary of Durham and
Archdeacon of Xorthiimberland, Dr. Marshall, possibly
the Sequestered Minister of Houghton-le-Spring, Thomas
Norgate, B.D., Chaplain to Sir Thomas Glenham, Gover-
nor of Carlisle ; and Scotch Ministers, Mr. Thompson and
Mr. Sandulans.
The Lectureship, an institution of Puritan origin, was
highly popular at this time. Its aim was to supplement
the work of the Parish Minister with a view to securing
for the people the fullest possible measure of religious
instruction and worship. It was often resented as an
intrusion by the resident Incumbent; but it sought to
further the interests of the people by supplying them with
appropriate services when the Minister in charge, through
infirmity, years, indifference, neglect, incompetence, or
the largeness of his Parish, had ceased to meet the
religious needs of the district. These Lectureships appear
in Kendal, Kirkby Lonsdale and Penrith; and precisely
•how long the institution had been in existence in Carlisle
we have no means of knowing. In 1625, however, an
Indenture, dated August 16 of that year, made between
" Henrye Baynes Maior of the Cittye of Carlell & ye
Cittizens of the same of thone [the one] ptie [party].
And Edwarde Aglionbye Esquyer Lanclote Dawes Thomas
Fayerfaxe Clerk And Willm Barwick & Mathewe Cape
Gentilmen on thother ptie, Witnessethe " that " ye Deane
& Chapter of Carelile haue graunted by lease for one &
twentye yea'res the tythe corne of Briskoe & Scugger
houses to ye sayde Edwarde Aglionbye Lanclote Dawes
Thomas Fayerfaxe Willm Barwicke & Mathewe Cape for
ye payment of twentye Marks by yeare to A lectorer or
preatcher in St. Maries in Augmentacion of his former
Stipend of twentye pounds so as ye Maior & Cittizens of
Carelell woulde make up ye sayde some of thirtye three
pounds sex shilling and Eight pence to be fortye pounds
by yeare to ye sayde lecturer or preacher." ^ It further
1. The Lectureship, &c., p. 327.
142 The Ejected of 1662
states that " the sayd Maior & Cittizens of Carlell (un-
willing to be anye meanes of hinderinge so good a worke
but to sett forwarde the same by their good example) Do
by thes presents for them & their Successors geue &
graunte unto ye sayde Edwarde Aglionbye Lancelote
Dawes Thomas Fayerfaxe Willm Barwicke and Mathew
Cape one Anewetie or yearely E-ent of sex poundes thirtene
shillings fower pence by yeare to be issewinge & goinge
oute of their Water Corne Mills belonginge to ye sayd
Cittye payable yearelye at ye seuerall f castes of ye purifi-
cacion of or [our] blessed virgin & ye first daye of Auguste
caled Lammas Daye by eaven portions to be by them
payde over to ye sayde lecturer or Preatcher yearely
duringe the tearme of twentye & one yeares." ^ It would
be quite a mistake to infer that the Lectureship was a
mere appendage to either St. Mary's or St. Cuthbert's.
It was a separate office ; the Lecturer was a City official,
though, in this case, the main movers appear to have been
private individuals, Fairfax and Dawes being Preben-
daries of the Cathedral. These persons also had the
privilege of nominating and the Dean and Chapter-
^' alowede " the nomination as the following shows : — "Ye
sayde Lecturer or preacher so nominated by ye sayd
Edward Aglionbye Lanclote Dawes Thomas Fayerfaxe
Willm Barwicke & Mathew Cape And alowede by ye
Deane & Chapter shall begine to preatche in ye sayd
Church of St. Maries. "^ Later, however, the City took
these matters more into its own hands.
Roger Baldwin, M.A., 1647.
It is to be regretted that the name of this early Lec-
turer, if one was actually appointed, has not been
preserved ; the first person known to serve in this capacity
being Roger Baldwin, who is also called Minister of the
" pish Church." The date of his appointment has not
1. The Lectureship, &c., p. 328.
2. Ihid.
Roger Baldwin 143
been ascertained but he certainly was here in 1647-8 as
the following show : —
Cuthberts in
Carlile. ffebr 16. 1647-8.
Whereas this Committee have the 17th of March 1646 Grted [granted]
50li a yeare out of the Rents & Revenues reserved payable & belonging
to the Deane & Chapter of Carlile out of there possions [possessions] in
the sevrall termes of the psons [persons] hereafter pticulerlie men-
coned vizt. of Dame Annas Lamplugh the yearelie sume of 131i 6s 8d
of Henry Lowther the yearelie sume of xs of Mathew Cape & Mr.
Barwick Hi 16s 7d of John Orbell 21i 5s 7d yearelie of Mris Orbell
4li lis 2d yearelie of Mr Tully the yearlie sume of 2li 3s 4d of John
Ralph the yearelie some of 3li 6s 8d of Edward Holme the yearelie
some of xxs & of George Relfe & of George White the yearelie some of
40s of Sr. Richard ffletcher the yearelie some of 61i 13s 4d of the
Lord Wm. Howard the yearelie some of viijli of Mr. Aglionby the
yearelie some of Hi 3s 4d of Sir Edward Musgrave the yearelie some
of 4li All wch sd sevrall Somes are payable by the sevrall tennts
above menconed to the Deane & Chapter of Carlile abovesaid out of
sevrall of their possions in the sevrall ptes [parts] of St. Cuthberts in
Carlile St. Maries Ireby Heskett Wetherell Warwick & Stanwix in
the Countie of Cumberland & are graunted as aforesaid to & for the
maintennce of such minister as this Comittee should approve off to
officiate the Cure of the pish Church in Carlile aforesaid the pnte
[present] maintennce belonging to the sd Church being but 61i a yeare
& the sd pish Conteyninge neere 200 Comunicantes it is ordered that
the sd 501i a yeare be pd to Roger Baldwin a godlie & Orthodox
devine the pnte minister of the sd Church for an increase of his
Maintennce wch the Collector appointed by the Cotee of pliamt for
the said Countie to receive the said Rents & Somes of money is hereby
required to paie unto the sd Mr Baldwyn as the said rents shall grow
due & become payable.'
Cuthberts in
Carlile. Nov. 7. 1649.
Whereas this Comittee have by ordr of ye 17th of March 1646
graunted sevall yearly rents & pfitts of money reserved to ye Deane
& Chapter of Carlisle out of Sevall possions within ye County of
Cumberland in ye said ordr pticulerly menconed amounting to 50li
a yeare for increase of ye maintennce of the Minister of the pish
Church of Carlisle aforesaid wch was since by order of ye 16th ffebr
1647 Settled upon Mr. Roger Baldwin A godly & orthodox Divine ye
1. Bodl. MS., 325.
144 The Ejected of 1662
psent Minister of the said Church It is ordered that the Trustees for
Sale of Deane & Chapter Lands doe & they are hereby desired to issue
out their warrants to the Trears [Treasurers] for Sale of Deane &
Chapter Lands to pay unto ye said Mr. Baldwin or unto Eichard
Lowry to his use the Sume of 251i for one halfe yeares rent of the
pmisses due the 29th of September last pvided that the said Mr.
Baldwin shall have first subscribed ye late engagement of ye 11th of
October last.'
To this period also belongs tiie following : —
Carlile. Nov. 17. 1647.
Upon Consideracon had of the Peticon of Thomas Musgrave, Master
6 Thomas Craghill, Usher of ye Gramer Schoole att Carlile in the
County of Cumberland (A coppy whereof is hereunto annexed) ffor
that Complainte is made that there beinge 281i a yeare payable to the
Schoole Mtr of the said Schoole & 121i to ye Usher thereof out of the
Revenue of the Deane & Chapter of Carlile, the paymt whereof is
lately obstructed in regard of ye graunts made by this Comittee, out
of ye Revenues of the sd Deane & Chapter for the maintenance of
Ministers This Comittee doe declare That all sumes of money allow-
ances or Sallaries, by lawe payable out of the said Revenue to the
said Schoole Master and Usher ought to be Contynued unto them
And the orders of this Comittee ought not hinder or obstruct the
paymt thereof, but that the same must bee continued & paid unto
them out of the possessions that are by lawe chargeable with
paymt thereof before any syme of money bee paid to any person by
vertue of any order of this Comittee And this Comittee doe referr it
to the Comittee of pliamt for the sd County to heare & Compose ye
differences betweene all pties therein concerned if they cann or else to
state & Certifie the matter of fact to this Comittee. 2
In the Chamberlain's Accounts ^ for .1649-50 we have
the following : —
For Mr. Baldwin's paines in preachinge at ye election day,
001 : 00 : 00.
1650, for his paynes in preaching from 2nd ffeb to ye 25 March
07 : 00 : 00.
An " Abstract of the Survey of the Eeetories of St.
1. Bodl. MS., 326.
2. Ihid., 325.
3. In the Custody of the Town Clerk, Carlisle.
Theophilus Polewheele 145
Mary's and St. Cuthbert's in Carlile taken a.d, 1650 "
gives the following : —
Brisco and Skuggar Houses Tith Com-To Edwd. Aglionby &c
Trustees for ye use of Mr. Baldwin a Lecturer of St. Mary's & of St.
Cuthbert's, Carlile.
Rent 04 : 06 : 08.
Clear Value 23 : 13 : 04.
To be renewed gratis, i
Soon after this Hoger Baldwin removed and appears as
Lecturer at Penrith, becoming subsequently Yicar of the
Parish Church in that town.^
HOLDSWORTH, 1650.
The entry in the Accounts, under date 1650, is as
follows : —
For Mr. Holsworth paines in preaching 8 weeks : 007 : 00 : 00.
Calamy mentions among his Ejected Ministers three
persons of the name of Holds worth; but probably the one
in question was Mr. Holdsworth of St. Oswald's in Elvet,
Durham, who appears to have been the chief difficulty in
the way of Roger Baldwin's removal to that place. ^
Possibly also this is the person to whom William Lampit
refers in 1650, intimating that he was anxious to secure
the Aikton living.* It may be that he was only doing
temporary duty in Carlisle.
Theophilus Polewheele, M.A., 1651.
He was born in Cornwall, the Polewheeles being a
considerable family in that County. Foster mentions
several among his Oxford Alumni, but these appear to
have taken the Royalist side. Theophilus Polewheele
was educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; and
Hugh Todd names him along with Larkham and Madder
1. The Lectureship, &c., p. 329.
2. Vide p. 420.
3. Vide p. 427.
4. Vide p. 625.
I4i6 The Ejected of 1662
of Mather as coming north from the west country.'^
Previous to his Carlisle ministry he had been a short time
at Egremont, and for a longer period at Kirkbampton,
whence he removed to Carlisle.^ •. . :,. -
The following items are from the Chamberlain's
Accounts : —
Aug. 22. 1651. Item for Banqueting Bestowed upon Mr. Pole-
wheele minister : 00 : 12 : 04.
Sep. 16. Item pd for Spices Bestowed upon Mr. Polewheele when
he set up house : 3 : 00 : 00.
Oct. 6. 1651. Item pd to Mr. Polwheele for the Eleccon Sermon
by Mr. Maiors order 01 : 00 : 00.
Oct. 6. 1652. Item payed to Mr. Polewheele for his Sermon
01 : 00 : 00.
Jany 1652-3. Item pd to mr Polewheele, Lecturer, for one year
and halfe house rent by order 12 : 00 : 00.'
His receipt for salary, dated December 25th, 1652, reads
thus : —
Received off Thomas Jackson Chamberlane by order off the
Cittie ffor one yeare and a halfe sallarie due to Mr. Powlewheell ffor
lecture sermones the some of Twelve poundes I saie Reed 12 : 00 : 00
ffor aforesaid use.
p. me Tho. Sewell.*
Theophilus Polewheele's acceptance by Cromwell's
Commissioners is given in the following documents
together with an account of his rental : —
New Castle
upon Tyne.
By ye Comrs. appointed by Act of Parliamt bearing date ye first
of March 1649 for ye ppagacon of ye Gospell in ye fower Northern
Counties of Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmorland and Durham
March 29, 1653.
1. Vide p. 375.
2. Vide pp. 606, 822.
3. Chamberlain's Accounts.
4. The Lectureship, &c., p. 328.
Theophilus Polewheele 147
Carlisle.
Whereas jNIr. Theophilus Powlewheele being recomended for a
godly & painefull Preacher & of able guifts & knowledg for ye work
of ye minestry & of approved Conversacon for piety hath come before
us & upon triall & examinacon of his guifts by divers godly Minesters
according to ye direcon of ye Parliamt is found fitt to preache ye
Gospell of Jesus Chrest & to be duely qualified & guifted for yt holy
Imploymt Wee therefore by vertue of ye power & authority to us
given by ye Parliamt doe appoint ye said Mr. Theophilus Poole-
wheele to preach in ye City of Carlile & for his support & main-
tennce It is hereby appointed & ordered yt ye rents mencioned &
Conteined in a Schedule hereunto annexed be settled upon ye said
Mr. Theophilus Powlwheele & he is hereby invested in ye same &
as lawfully seized thereof to all intents & purposes as if he had been
instituted & inducted according to any former Course of Lawe &
hath ye like remedy for ye recovering thereof as ye Deane & Chapter
■of Carlile formerly had.
Jo. Claffering, P. Hobson, Henry Ogle, Robt. ffenwick, Cuth.
Studholme, Tho. Cholmley, Tho. Langhome, Edw. Winter, Hen.
Horsley, John Ogle, Tho. Craister, Wm. Shafto, Hen. Dawson, Lu.
Rillingworth.
Entd.
Ant. Parsons
Newcastle Upon
Tine.
A Rentall of Tith rents Confered upon
Mr. Theophilus Powlwheele by ye Comrs
of ye ffowre Northerne Counties for
ppagating ye Gospell dated ye 30th of
March 1653.
Plumton. Mr. Broham Whitsuntide & Martinmas - 04 : 06 : 08
Westward. Mr. Wm. Briscoe St. Mark & Mart. - - 06 : 00 : 00
Wery Holme. Mr. Tully - - - - - 02 : 03 : 04
Keld. Mr. Henry Baxter of Sebraham - - - 00 : 12 : 00
Braithwaite. Mr. Kirkbride of Ellerton - - 01 : 10 : 00
EUerton. Idem for Ellerton 00 : 06 : 08
Carlislefeild. Mr. Orbell Mr. Sewell ffarmer - - 04:11:02
Calcotebanck. Mr. Cuthbert Studholme p. Mr. Orbell 02 : 05 : 07
St. Cuth. Tithe Hay. Mr. Edw. Orfeure of Turpennow 00 : 02 : 06
Spittlecrocke. Mr. Tho. Stanwix 00 : 01 : 00
Rapier close. Idem Christibankes 12d. p. rapier Close
3s. 4d. - 00 : 04 : 04
Wery Holme. Mr. Tho. Stanwix 00 : 05 : 00
Botcherby. Tho. Musgrave de botcherby p. tithe hay - 00 : 01 : 00
148
The Ejected of 1662
Mortonscugh neere Hutton. Tho. Barrow - - - 01 : 09 : 06
Sawsary. Mr. Tully 00 : 01 : 06
John Baptist & Purific.
Eocliffe. Mr. Edward Pierson late Barwicks - - - 02 : 14 : 00
Glasgarth. John Robson & George Edger of Sebraham 00 : 06 : 01*
Carlilefeild. Mr. John Stanwix 10 : 00 : 00
Meal Garner. Rich. Kirkbride Esqr. of Ellerton - - 10 : 11 : 09
Meal Garner. Idem in eodem modo - - - - 03 : 00 : 06
Meal Garner, ffrancis Sisson of Asby in Westmorld - 03 : 08 : 00
Meal Garner. Mr. Whitfeild 03 : 08 : 00
Meal Garner. Barnard Robinson 03 : 08 : 06
Meal Garner. Mr. Extetter 03 : 08 : 06
p Tith Hay. Sissy Briscoe Of Blackell Widdow - - 00 : 02 : 06
Mr. Wm. Barwicke 01 : 08 : 10
Mr. Matthew Cape - - - - - 02 : 01 : 69
Lamas & Purific.
Braithwaithouses. Mr. Kirkbride 00 : 03 : 04
Idem 2s. Idem js. viijd. 00 : 03 : 08
Harraby Tyth-Ensigne Cauffeiid his farmer, Whitso-martin 00 : 10 : 06
Eang Garth & Cawgarth. Thomas Threlkeld of Carlisle
at Candlemas only 02 : 01 : 00
Wethrell and Warwick. Mr. Howard - - - - 06 : 13 : 04
Idem Eodem 06 : 13 : 04
Coatehill. Idem p Coathill 01 : 06 : 08
Thursby Tennts at Whitsontide & Lammas - - - 06 : 13 : 04
Swifthill. Mr. George Barwick at Michelmas only - 00 : 01 : 06
Matthew & purific.
Thursby Vicker. p decimis 00 : 12 : 04
Matthew & Mark.
Proctor St. Maries. Sr. Henry ffletcher - - - - 18 : 13 : 04
Carlile Close Lord Howard Michaelmas only - - 00 : 01 : 06
Carlile Mill. Chamberlaine p. mills 00 : 10 : 06
Michaelmas & Annuntiacon.
Little Banton. Mrs. Lowther 02 : 00 : 00
for Tenn : Bleckell p John Ladiman 00 : 00 : Oa
Andrew & Purific.
Eocliff. Mr. Gent 01 : 00 : 06
Stainton Houghton. Sr. Edward Musgrave - - - 04 : 00 : 06
Purific. only.
Botcherby. Mr. John Agleonby of Drawdyke - - 02 : 00 : 06
Tarraby. Mr. John Agleonby 00 : 13 : 04
Avarisholme. Idem p. Eodem. P. Avarisholme - 00 : 06 : 08
Botcherby Tythe Hay Idem for Botcherby Tithe Hay - 00 : 03 : 04
Barrickfeild. Mr. Edward ffairfax & Easterde Coldbeck 01 : 04 : 06
Theophilus Polewheele 1 49
p Tithe hemp & lynt Thomas Kidd of Carlile due Whit.
& Mart. 00 : 13 : 04
p leeke & onions Idem 00 : 03 : 00
Ja. ClafFering, P. Hobson, Henry Ogle, Robt. ffenwick, Cuth.
Studholme, Tho. Cholmley, Hen. Horsley, John Ogle, Tho. Craister,
Wm. Shafto, Tho. Langhorne, Edward Winter, Hen. Dawson, Lu.
Rillingworth.
Exd.
Ant. Parsons, l
The following concerns Polewheele's Augmentation : —
Carlisle.
The like [Approval] to Mr. Theo. Polewheele of Carlisle in
Com. Cumberland Dated at Whitehall ye 18th day of May 1655.
Jo. Nye Regr.*
Carlisle. July 2. 1655.
Whereas the Comrs for propagation of the Gospell in the fower
Northerne Counties of Cumbland Northumberland Westmland
and Durham by their ordr of the eighth of March 1653 Setled Mr.
Theophilus Poolewheele Ministr in the city of Carlisle & graunted
him for his service there the yearely Sume of iiijli vjs & viijd out of
the tithes of Plumpton the yearely Sume of vili out of the tithes of
Westward the yearely Sume of ijli iijs and iiijd out of the tithes of
Weary holme wthin the parish of St. Maries in Carlisle the yearely
Sume of xijs out of the tithe of Keld the yearely sume of ili xs out
of the tithes of Brathwaite ye yearely Sume of vjs and viijd out of
the tithe of Ellerton the yearely Sume of iiijli xjs and ijd out of the
tithes of Carlisle feeld the yearely sume of ijli vs and vijd out of the
tithe of Calcoate Banck the yearely sume of ijs and vid out of the
tithe hey of St. Cuthbert's the yearely sume of vs and iiijd out of
the tithes of Spittle Crooks within the parish of St. Cuthberts in
Carlisle, the yearely sume of vs out of the tithe hey of Wearyholme
the yearely sume of js for the tithe hey of a Tenemt in Botcherby
within the parish of St. Cuthberts in Carlisle, the yearely Sume of
js and vjd of the tithe of Sawsery within the parish of St. ]\Iaries,
the yearely sume of ili ixs and vjd out of the tithes of Morton within
the parish of St. Maries aforesaid, the yearely sume of ijli xiiijs out
of the tithe of Rockliffe the yearely sume of vjs and viijd out of the
tithes of Glasgarth within the parish of Seberham the yearely sume
of tenne pounds out of the tithes of Carlislefeild in St. Cuthberts
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 1006.
2. Ibid., 968.
I50 The Ejected of 1662
parish in Carlisle the yearely Sume of xiijli xis and ixd out of the
tithes of Meale Garner the further yearely Sume of xiijli xis out of
the said tithes of Meale Garner and the yearely Sume of ijs out of
the tithe hey of Blecketwood within the parish of St. Maries in
Carlisle the yearely sume of iiijli vis & vijd out of the tithe of Briscoe
within the parish of St. Cuthberts aforsd ye yearely sume of vijs
out of Braithwaitehouses within the parish of St. Maries in Carlisle
aforesaid the yearely Sume of xs out of the tithes of Harraby the
yearely Sume of xiiijli xiijs and iiijd out of the tithes of Wetherall
and Warwick the yearely sume of vili xiijs and iiijd out of the tithes
of Thursby and the further yearely sume of xijs and iiijd due from
the vicar of Thursby for the tithe hey of Thursby aforesaid, the
yearely sume of js and vjd out of the tithe of Swift Hill, the yearely
sume of xviiijli xiijs and iiijd arising out of the proctors office of St.
Maries in Carlisle aforesaid the yearely sume of js out of Carlisle
Close, the yearely sume of Tenne shillings out of the Mills in the
City of Carlisle, the yearely Sume of two pounds out of the tithes
of Little Banton the yearely Sume of eight pence for a tenement at
Blekell within the parish of St. Cuthberts in Carlisle, the yearely
Sume of one pound out of the tithes of Rockliffe, the yearely Sume
of flower pounds out of the tithes of Stanton & Houghton within the
■ parish of Stannix, the yearely sume of ijli iijs and iiijd out of the
tithes of Botcherby within the parish of St. Cuthberts aforesaid, the
yearely Sume of one pound out of the tithe of Tarraby within the
parish of Stannix aforesaid, the yearely sume of ili iiijs out of the
tithe of Barrisfeeld in the parish of Heskett and the yearely sume of
xvjs and iiijd out of the tithe of hemp Lint Leekes & Onions within
the parish of St. Maries in Carlisle aforesaid : all within the County
of Cumberland It is ordered that the rents and profitts of the said
Tithes and pmisses respectively not exceeding the said Severall Sumes
yearely bee from time to time continued and paid unto the said Mr.
Theophilus Poolewheele (approved &c) during his continuing Minr
of Carlisle aforesaid or farther ordr of these Trustees to comence
from his last receipt and Mr. Edmund Branthwaite Receiver is hereby
appted [appointed] and authorized to pay the same unto him from
time to time accordingly Provided that the said Mr. Branthwaite doe
examine whether the particulers herein menconed are the perticulers
granted by the said Comrs before hee make paymt of the same &
thereupon pay him lOOli a yeare out of ye same till further ordr Jo.
Thorowgood, Jo. Humfrey, Rich. Sydenham, Jo. Pocock, Edw.
Cressett, Ra. Hall.'
The question arises as to the precise position which
Theophilus Polewheele held in Carlisle. Was he the
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 972.
Theophilus Polewheele 1 5 1
Lecturer simply? Were the pulpits of the two Parish
Churches occupied by other men? That was the usual
position of the Lecturer. As previously intimated he was
not intended to replace the resident Incumbent or Incum-
bents; but he was simply to aiigment his labours. Every-
thing, however, points to a somewhat different state of
things in Carlisle. There is not evidence to pronounce
absolutely; but the probabilities are considerable that
Polewheele served the two Parishes. He is referred to as
the Lecturer for both St. Mary's and St. Cuthbert's; and
the same is said of Holdsworth and Baldwin, his imme-
diate predecessors. Not only so, but in another document
he is styled " late Minister of both ye said parishes." ^
In 1655, not 1654, as Calamy says, Theophilus Polewheele
removed to Devonshire being recommended for " the
porcns [portions] of Clare & Titcombe in Tiverton." ^
His First Fruits Composition for these places is thus
given : —
Devon. July 1658.
Porcons.
Theophilus polewheel cl.
Bound ye said Theophilus, „ ,,, , ■ • •
Clare in Tiverton „ xt ^ ^ n^- inrst Nov. I608 xlviijli
Henry Newton of iiver- „ ,
E. Tidcombe, ^ r^ ^ p « • ffirst May 1659 xijs
ton Gent. & nrancis „ ,^
Thomas of ye same Gent. 3
ffirst Nov. 1659
From Tiverton he was ejected after the E-estoration,
and in the Conventicle Returns for 1665-6 it is said that
he there " keepes seditious Conventicles."* In 1672 he
licensed the house of Peter Bere of Tiverton for " Cong "
worship, this being one of the earliest Licenses issued.
Calamy devotes considerable space to this distinguished
man. ^ A daughter married Stephen Lobb " a very
1. Vide 162. " '
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 997.
3. Composition Books (Record Office), vol. 22.
4. Lambeth MSS. 639.
5. Calamy, vols, ii, p. 239 ; lii, p. 260.
152 The Ejected of 1662
eminent Divine of tlie Independent denomination " at
Fetter Lane, London, towards the end of the 17th Century.^
In reference to what followed Chancellor Ferguson
says : —
In 1655 Mr. Timothy Tullie preached the Election sermon, and
so probably succeeded as Lecturer. But in that year also occurred
the "Vacancy of Ministers" : the few remaining Episcopalians were
everywhere ejected, and the ministers of the two Carlisle churches
went, for we have the record of the election of their successors and
of the great preaching contest which took place between the candi-
dates for the vacant berths in December, 1655, and the following
January. 2
It is impossible to accept that as a correct view of the
case. The " Vacancy " would be caused by the removal
of Theophilus Polewheele, and not by the ejection of the
" few remaining Episcopalians," of which there is no
evidence. Nor is it appropriate to speak of what followed
as a " preaching contest." In all probability most of the
preachers, whose names are here appended, were simply
" pulpit supplies."
December ye 16th 1655.
A note ffor the Ministers charges when they preached here in the
time of the Vacancy of Ministers : —
ffor the Ministers, Mr. Studholme and myne own charges at
Keswicke 01 : 09 : 09.
Dec. 24. Item paid to Mr. Craister' for his charges to London,
10 : 00 : 00.
Itm. pd for Mr. Caves 4 charges at Edward James GO : 05 : 00.
[For James vide p. 156.]
Itm paid for wine and beare when Mr. Tully and INIr. Starr and
others came to Towne 00 : 12 : 04.
Itm paid for Sacke & beare bestowed on Mr. Tomer 6 00 : 04 : 08.
1. Wilson's "Dissenting Churches," etc., vol. iii, pp. 142, 436.
2. "The Lectureship," etc., p. 317.
3. Thomas Craister, Mayor of Carlisle. He and Cuthbert Studholme
were Magistrates.
4. James Cave, Ejected Minister of Thornthwaite, vide p. 660. *
5. Thomas Turner, of Crosby and Stanwix. Ejected from Torpenhow,
vide pp. 191, 201, 581.
Pulpit Supplies 1 5 .
Jan. 7th. Itm pd for Mr. Larkim's i charges at Edw. Craisters
00 : 05 : 04.
14. Itm pd for Mr. Benson 2 at Edward Craister 00 : 04 : 03.
21. Itm pd for Mr. flallowfield 3 and his man at Mrs. Monks
00 : 07 : 06.
28. Item pd for Mr. Warwicke 4 at Robt. Colyers 00 : 03 : 00.
ffebr. 4. Itm pd for Mr. Harrison 5 and an other at Ed. Craister
00 : 05 : 00.
11. Itm pd for Mr. Ardrey 6 and his man at Mr. Pattinsons
00 : 09 : 06.
18. Itm pd for Mr. Gilpin 7 and his man at Edward James
00 : 10 : 06.
Itm pd for Mr. Tomlinson [Corporation Official] for his charges to
Penrith 00 : 01 : 00.
Itm pd for Mr. Croxile 8 horse charges 00 : 01 : 08.
March 3. Itm paid for Mr. Jackson 9 at Edward James
00 : 06 : 09.
March 10th. Itm pd ffor Mr. TibbaldslO at Edward James
00 : 06 : 08.
March 17. Itm pd for Mr. Davis n at Edw. Craister's 00 : 07 : 06.
31. Itm pd for Mr. Grainger 12 at George Martin's 00 : 02 : 06.
April 8. Itm pd to Ralph Beckwth for Ires [letters] to Mr. Starr
00 : 00 : 09.
April 14. Itm pd for Mr. Newton 13 at Mrs. Monks 00 : 03 : 09.
21. Itm pd for Mr. Macmilion W at Edw. James 00 : 05 : 02.
28. Itm pd for Mr. if orwath 15 at Edw. Craisters 00 : 05 : 02.
1. George Larkham, Ejected Minister of Cockermouth, vide p. 684.
2. George Benson, Ejected Minister of Bridekirk, vide p. 709.
3. Henry Fallowfield, of Uldale, vide p. 555.
4. Thomas Warwick, possibly of Aspatria, vide p. 643.
5. John Harrison, probably the Ireby Minister, vide p. 559.
6. William Ardrey of Bassenthwaite or John Ardrey of Cliburn,
vide pp. 673, 1243.
7. Richard Gilpin, ejected from Greystoke, vide p. 459.
8. Randolph Croxall of Kirkland, vide p. 393.
9. John Jackson, probablv of Hutton-in-the- Forest ; or Peter Jackson
of Castle Sowerby, vide pp. 488, 495.
10. George Tibbold of Skelton and Great Asby, vide pp. 481, 1113.
11. John Davis, doubtless, of Kirkoswald, vide p. 334.
12. William Grainger of Brcmfield, vide p. 638.
13. Possibly Samuel Newton, ejected from Rivington, LaJicashire.
14. John Macmillan of Edenhall, vide p. 441.
15. John Forward, probably, of Boltongate, vide p. 565.
154 The Ejected of 1662
May 12. Itm pd for Mr. Hamilton i and his man charges at
Mr. Pattinson 00 : 05 : 08.
19. Item pd for Mr. Courtney 2 at Mrs. Menkes 00 : 05 : 04
26th. Itm pd for Mr. Bumand 3 at Mrs. Menkes 00 : 05 : 04.
Itm pd for Lres going to Mr. Starr [Comfort Starr] 00 : 02 : 06.
June 2. Item pd for Mr. Wood * at Edward James 00 : 04 : 00.
Item pd to Mr. Sewell for Ires to Mr. Bramphwhaite ° 00 : 06 : 04.
May 26. Item pd for wine and sacke bestowed upon the ministers
00 : 03 : 00.
The two men appointed were Timothy Tullie and
Comfort Starr, the former to St. Mary's and the latter to
St. Cuthbert's. The State Papers let in considerable
light upon the character and policy of many of the prin-
cipal men in the City at this time, showing that the so-
called " Malignant " party were far from being the
suppressed party they are commonly represented to have
been. Cuthbert Studholme petitioned the Protector on
January 17, 1655-6 stating that the City was governed
by a "mayor, 11 aldermen and 24 citizens" ; that all the
Aldermen served against Parliament before 1647 and
were ejected except E-ich. Barwise along with some of the
more active citizens; but that the rest were retained in
the hope that they would change their principles and
comply at least outwardly. " Since the Act of Oblivion,"
he continues, " Peter Norman has animated the Malig-
nants and these elected him Mayor in 1654, and again for
this year since which time efforts at public good have been
fruitless." The articles against Norman were that he
joined the King's party; opposed the reformation of ale-
houses; secured election for the disaffected Aldermen;
and countenanced Thos. Musgrave a " Malignant School-
master and opposed a pious one settled there (Dec. 26,
1. John Hamilton of Kirkbride and Thursby, vide pp. 597, 536.
2. Thomas Courtney, ejected from Kirkandrews-on-Esk, vide p. 297.
3. Nathaniel Bumand, ejected from Brampton, vide p. 255.
4. — Wood, not identified. Not certain whether should be Wood
or Ward.
5. Edmund Branthwaite, Treasurer for the County, vide p. 1083.
Illuminating Documents 155
1655)." Instructions were given to remove disaffected
persons and carry out the order of September 21, 1655.^
The following also is illuminating : —
A certificate of the well affected of the Citty of Carlile on the
behalfe of Isaac Tullie and Edward James.
Wee whose names are under written, do certifie That wee know &
have taken notice of the Petrs [Petitioner^ since the yeare 1648, to
be such as have walked unblameablely, lived peaceablely ; and their
Godly and Religious Conversation have clearely and convinceingly,
evidenced to us, not onely (as good Chrestians) their piety to god-
warde, but also (as good Subjects) their fidelity to the psent Govermt,
and it doth clearely appeare to us that the informrs have prosecuted
them meerely upon malice Upon the account of honest and faithfull
men (what ever other grounds they may prtend to lay their informa-
cons upon) And although the mformers have onely publiquely appeared
agt them, yet wee verily beleive and some of us assuredly know,
that they were advised unto, and put upon that businesse by &
through the encuragment of Severall mallignant and disaffected psons,
amongst us endeavouring thereby not onely the ejectment of the
petrs, but also to make that a p'sident of discouragmt to others from
whom wee might (through the blessing of God) expect the like
conversion, being apparent to us, that because the petrs have wholely
and altogether deserted the mallignant party & interest, and given
such Sattesfaction concerning their good affection to the psent power,
therefore the informrs and the mallignant party through them have
malHciously appeared against the petrs maskeing their mallignant
designe under cullour of the late declaration, that so they might
walke the more obscurely, act the more insensibly, and by so faire
a p'tence, might with more facillity acomplish their designe, and so
by this meanes over throw and subvert the true intent and meaneing
of his Highnesse Declaration, endeavoring to make that wch was
p'incipally intended to the discouragmt weakening and subvertion of
the mallignant partye and interest, and to the encouragmt strength-
enijig and Securement of the well affected, to produce the contrary
effects, contrary to the intent and purport of the aforesd Declaration,
. and contrary to the primary intention of his Highnesse and Councell
in the makeing thereoff. Wherefore knowing the pmisses to be as
afforesd wee held it our Duty, & conceived or selves obliged to give
yor Honr Sattisfaction in this matter, and to desire the petHionrs may
have yor Honnrs assistance & encouragemt to tlie retaineing of their
places and imployments, as also to the discouragmt of mallignant &
disaffected psons from things of the like nature.
1. Cal. S.P. Dom. for 1655-6, pp. 118, 121, 122.
156 The Ejected of 1662
Tho. Craister, Tho. Sewell, Cuth. Studholme, Thomas Turner,
Schoolemaster, Willm James, John Robinson, Antho. Craister,
ffrancis Woods, Pet. Todd, Thomas Dixon, Thomas Brisco, Richard
Scott, Isaac Millnr, Rob. James, William Langshaw, William Briscoe,
Tho. Holme.
The names of some Majistrates off Carlisle whoe forbore acting
upon his highnes proclamation.
Isacke Tully alderman.
A godly man for whom ye good party of ye Towne of Carlyle hath
Certifyed.
Edward James, Common Coimsell Man.
A godly man approven also by ye sd good ptie mentioned in the
Certificate anexed.
Richard Moncke, Comon Councell Man.
An ingenious younge man in ye time of danger a Complyer wth ye
Parliamts partye, what was done Agst us was done by Com-
pulsione hath since Caried himself well.
John Harrison, Comon Counsell Man.
Hee was under age And an apprentice when he acted Agst us,
but since hath carried himselfe well.
John Robbinson, Comon Counsell Man.
He was imprisoned before he did anythinge, and now is Looked
upon as a Godly man.
Robert Jackson, Comon Counsell Man.
He was Compelled to act what he did for ye Enymie — hee since
hath Testiffied his affectione to us.
This is ye Accompt that 1 receaved when I was at Carlile from ye
godly partye there And therefore it is desired that they may Act as
formerly.
CH. HOWARD.
[Endorsed behind]
Concerning ye Magistracy Ord. & Ref. 3 Ap. 1656.
Thursday, 3 Aprill 1656.
Upon reading a certificate from Sevall Welaffected psns in the
Citty of Carlisle on behalfe of Isaac Tully, Alderman of the Said
Citty, and Edwd James, Comon Counsell man, these testyfying their
godly Conversation and good affection to the psent Governmt Ordered
by his Highness ye Lord Protector and the Councell That the said
Isaac Tully and Edwd James be Contynued in their respective offices
and places of Alderman and Comon Councellman in the said Citty
and that they doe Act accordingly notwthstanding his Highness Late
Proclamacon and that the Major Genii there take notice thereof.
Upon reading a paper from Col. Howard Depty Major Genii for
some of the Northerne Countyes on behalfe of Rich Monke, John
Timothy TuUie 157
Harison, John Robinson and Robert Jackson, Comon Counsel! men
of the Citty of Carlisle to be Contynued in their respective places
being at present suspended upon the late Proclamation Ordered That
it be referred back to the said Col. Howard to advise wth the
honest Godly and welafected people of the said Citty and if thereupon
they shall think it fitt and necessary for the good of the Towne that
ye said psns be contynued in their sd Offices and places that then
he doe pmitt them to Act therein notwthstanding the said procla-
macon. i
Timothy Tullie, M.A., 1656.
He received the St. Mary's appointment and was the
son of George Tullie of Carlisle, by his wife, Thomazine
Heckstetter. She belonged to the Heckstetters of Kes-
wick, her marriage with George Tullie taking place at
Crosthwaite in 1613. Timothy Tullie matriculated at
Queen's College, Oxford, November 21, 1628, at the age
of 15 years. He took his B.A. October 25, 1632 (incor-
porated, Cambridge, 1633), M.A. June 16, 1635,^ and
became Rector of Cliburn in 1639, having charge of
Milburn also. In 1641 he received the sum of £1 0 0 for
preaching a mayoral election Sermon at Carlisle. A
younger brother, Thomas, graduated M.A. in the same
University, subsequently became D.D.,^ was Rector of
Grittleton in Wilts, in 1658, and compounded in that year
for his First Fruits as witness the following : —
May 1658.
Gritleton. Thomas Tully CI. Bound p. manibus xijl xiiis
Wilts. R. Humphrey Robbinson of ffirst Oct. 1658
ye pish of St. ffaithes ffirst Apr. 1659
Staconer & Thomas Yonge ffirst Oct. 1659
of ye same Staconer. 4
Thomas Tullie held Grittleton along with the Principal-
ship of St. Edmund Hall, and a threatened breach in Sir
1. S. P. Dom. Inter., I. 77, p. 21.
2. AI. Ox.
3. Ibid.
4. Composition Books (Record Office), vol. 22.
158' The Ejected of 1662
Joseph Williamson's friendship drew forth the following
somewhat obsequious letter : —
My good Friend (for so I hope you are still).
Since my returne out of ye Countrie I have been so employed in
settling some matters of concernment here by occasion of our late
Butler's decease (who has left things in some disorder and entangle-
ment), that I have hitherto wanted a convenient opportunitie to
wait upon you (though I have exceedinglie desir'd it) & besides 1
know your hours are precious.
To shorten the trouble of the paper what I can, give me leave to
expresse my great unhappinesse, that having so long enioyed the
honour of you reall heartie friendship (which I ever plac'd amongst
the bounties of your obliging nature, not your debts) I should on a
sudden be struck to ye heart (I'm sure the wounds no Jesse) with the
report and sense of your displeasure. Good Sr be not offended at ye
question, qua merui culpam? It must certainlie not onlie be a fault,
but in your account a verie great one which calls for this severitie to
an old acquaintance, and (I blesse God I can speake it heartilie) to
one that never in his life had either an unkind or a disrespectful
thought of you to this day — utinamque oculos in pectora posses inserere.
I write this Sr with some passion (I mean of griefe, wch runs over
at my eyes, as well as at my pen). Deare Sr, in short one thing
troubles me most, that you should looke upon me as an ungrateful!
person, for heu omnia dixti. I hope I hate that monster of vices,
and shall wait your leisure with all thankfulnesse, might I but know
you would some time afford me the libertie to receive your instruc-
tions in that particr. As for Mr. Prov, I am sorrie you should suspect
he has any such influence upon me, which I hope shall never be
allowed by me to any creature upon earth. Our acquaintance you
know is not of yesterday's date : He has bin alwaies kind & civill
to me, & I need not tell you that that religion which binds me to
love my enemyes, is far from obliging me to qarrell with my friends.
If indeed I had ever since I knew him done ye least ill office in word
or deed to any he has not (to my griefe) the like favour for I should
snatch the hot iron out of my worst enemies hand (if any such I
have) to brand my selfe withall ; but of anie such iniquitie I trust
God & my own Conscience will acquitt me. Dear Sr I give you too
much trouble, but indeed in regard to ye holie time approaching (when
I purpose God willing to receive ye Sacrt) I thought it expedient to
indeavour your satisfaction in this (to me verie unexpected & most
unhappy) business, assuring you that however you may have mistaken
me or I may have been misrepresented to you by others, I am ever
(what your merit that made me)
Your most reall friend & affectionatelie humble servt,
T. TULLIE.
Comfort Starr 1 59
10 ber 23.
Would to God Sr I knew when I might wait upon you with ye
least trouble to you for one minute of private discourse with you.
To my bond friend Joseph Williamson Esqr. at Court [in pencil,
"1665 Dec. 23"].^
Thomas Tullie was Dean of Ripon at the time of his
death, which took place January 14, 1675-6. Isaac Tullie,
previously named as the youthful historian of the Siege
of Carlisle, was also brother to Timothy, being Mayor of
the City at the time of the Restoration. The Tullie
House Library, in Carlisle, is an abiding memorial of the
importance and influence of the family.
Comfort Stake, M.A., 1656.
He was appointed to St. Cuthbert's and respecting him
Calamy says : —
CARLISLE : Mr. Comfort Starr. He was born at Ashford in
Kent where his Father was Physician. He was Educated in New-
England where in 1647 he took the Degree of M.A. and was some
time Fellow of Harvard College. He was Ejected from this place
[Carlisle] ; and afterwards perform'd laborious Service in several
places in the County of Kent ; and was at last Pastor of a Church
at Lewes in Sussex, where he died October the 30th 1711, In the
87th Year of his Age.2
Starr was not an uncommon family name in Puritan
circles, especially in Kent and Devon. Thomas Starr of
Canterbury, yeoman, and Susan his wife, with one child
took passage from Sandwich for the New World shortly
before June 1637.^ Joy Starr was one of the Churchwardens
of Ashford Church, Kent, in 1644, and with his brother
warden he removed the altar from the Parish Church. On
March 3rd, 1657, "some differences having arisen between
Brother Reinolds and Brother Starr " in relation to the
accounts of the Church then assembling in Dancing
1. S. P. Dom. Car. II. vol. 139, fol. 100.
2. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 150 ; vol. iii, p. 226.
3. Boys's " History of Sandwich," p. 752.
i6o The Ejected of 1662
House Yard, Canterbury, the Church considered the
matter, and the record proceeds " that Brother Starr had
in him very much of that wch was the root of all evill —
the love of money — and that thence proceeded the evill
of his carriage in the case." On September 7th, 1658, it
is stated in the Church Book that " Or [our] Brother Starr
declared his sorrow and repentance for the offence of wch
hee was formerly admonished, and the church was recon-
ciled to him." Richard Starr's name was appended to an
application by a " Church of Christ " in Exeter, in 1672,
that one " Mr. Lewes Stuckley be allowed to be or [our]
Teacher." Thomas Bernard Starr, who was a Noncon-
formist Minister, at Topsham in Devonshire, was on
August 25th, 1687, ordained with seven others at Lyme.
Thomas Starr, in 1672, signed a memorial of thanks for the
Declaration of Indulgence from " a licensed Congregation
in Dartmouth," Devon.
The following inscription on a black marble tablet
placed in St. Dunstan's Church, Cranbrook, Kent, in 1909,
in memory of Dr. Comfort Starr, father of Comfort Starr
of Carlisle, contains some interesting information : —
In memory of Dr. Comfort Starr, baptized in Cranbrook Church,
6th July, 1589. A warden of St. Mary's Ashford, Kent, 1631. Sailed
from Sandwich for New England, 1635. One of the earliest benefac-
tors of Harvard, the first college in America, 1638, of which his son,
Comfort, was one of the Incorporators, 1650. Died at Boston, New
England, 2nd January, 1659. A distinguished surgeon, eminent for
Christian character. Erected by his American descendants, 1909.
The entry on the " Register of those who sailed from
Sandwich in the " Hercules " in March, 1634/5, gives : —
" Comfort Starre of Ashford, chirurgion, with three
children and three servants." Those signing his Certi-
ficate, and testifying that he was " in conformity to the
orders and discipline of the church, and that he had taken
the oath of allegiance and supremacy" were "Edm. Hayes,
Yicar of Ashford, 21 Mar., 1634, Jno. Honnywood, Tho.
Godfrey, Justices." It will be noted that no mention is
made of his wife, neither is he described as a widower.
Comfort Starr i6i
Comfort Starr would be only some ten years old when
he crossed the Atlantic, and in the University of which
his father was a benefactor, he became a distinguished
scholar. In his " Magnalia" Cotton Mather gives a list of
Harvard students in which appears the following : —
1647 Consolantius Starr. M. Socius.^
How he came to be introduced to the Church at
Carlisle we have no means of knowing; and at the time
of his appointment he would be about 31 years of age.
The Cockermouth Church Book notes the baptism of
" Comfort ye son of Comfort Starr," and " Hannah ye
da. of Alex. Auvelins," at Carlisle, by George Larkham,
on May 28th, 1657 ; and it appears that Comfort Starr's
wife, " Grace," was a member of the Cockermouth Church.
In the Church Book appears a note of her dismissal.
Whether she belonged to the Cockermouth district is not
clear.
Comfort Starr was of the " Congregational way."
George Larkham, in the Cockermouth Church Book, under
date September, 1658, refers to a " letter being sent to
ye church at Carlisle from Mr. Griffith, PastDr of a
Church in London, appointed to write to ye churches in
the country by the churches in & about London, for a
generall meeting of the churches in England of ye
Congregaonall way at the Savoy in London the 29th of
ye same month, to draw vip a confession of their faith,
& declaraon of their order &c." Some of the replies to
Mr. Griffith's letter have been preserved in Peck's "Desid-
erata Curiosa," and among them is Comfort Starr's, the
only one for the area with which we are concerned. It is
as follows : —
Comfort Starr of Carlisle to the same [Henry Scobell] ; signifying
his Receipt of Mr. George Griffith's Letter. Dated 1. Sept. 1658.
An original (once Mr. Oudart's) now in the Hands of the Editor.
"Sir Sep., 1658. 10. c. U.
There came to my Hands by the last Post, a Letter which Mr.
1. Book iv, p. 136.
L
1 62 The Ejected of 1662
George Griffith wrote to mee in the Name & by the Appointment of
the Congregational Elders in & about London. This much I am
desired by the first opportunity to signify unto you ; which accordingly
being, done, 1 shall (without further troubling of you) take Leave &
Subscribe my Selfe as I am
Sir Your Worships himible Servant Comfort Starr.
Carlisle Sept 1.
MDCLVm.
For the Worshipfull Henry Scobell Esq. Clerk of the Countell at
Whitehall : These, London."
[The Seal, a PhcEnix burning in her nest.]l
The Church, at Cockermouth " did make choice of their
Pastour to go there as a Messenger, who began his iourney
Sept. 20." George Larkham probably sufficed for the
district in the important gathering.
The following documents give a full and continuous
story of events in Carlisle, up to the time of the
Restoration, which led to such large changes : —
Maries &
Cuthberts in
Carlisle. January 11. 1655.
Upon Consideracon had of the peticon of the parishioners of the
Severall parishes of Maryes & Cuthberts within and without the city
of Carlisle & of the Severall Chappelryes thereto belonging & of the
allowance of one hundred & twenty poundes a yeare alleadged to bee
granted by the Comrs for propagating the Gospell to Mr. Polewheele
late Minister of both ye said parishes In regard there is noe other
maintennce to the ^linrs of the said Churches belonging the same
being from tyme to tyme supplyed by the Deane and prebends of
Carlisle aforesaid Ordered that in Case it shall appeare upon report
from Mr. Edmund Branthwaite Recr. of the State of the Revenue of
that County & how the same stands charged and that forty poundes
a yeare may bee Advanced over and above the said one hundred &
twenty poundes a yeare for the maintennce of the Ministrs of the said
Towne the Trustees will take into Consideracon the setling of Mr.
Timothy Tully Min^str of St. Maryes & Mr. Comfort Starre Minr of
St. Cuthberts & of eight score poundes a yeare for their maintennce
Jo. Thorowgood Ri. Sydenham Jo. Pocock Edw. Hopkins Ri. Yong.2
1. Vol. ii, Liber xiii, p. 29.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 1008.
Comfort Starr 163
Carlisle. April 22. 1656.
Ordered that Mr. Timothy Tully and Mr. Comfort Starre bee setled
Ministrs in the parishes of St. Cuthberts & St. Maries in the City of
Carlisle with the Chappells thereto belonging And that the yearely
Sume of ffower score poundes a peice bee setled upon them for
increase of their jNIaintennce during theire Continuance there upon
theire producing Certificates of theire respective Approbacons from
the Comrs for Approbacon of publique preachers.
Jo. Thorowgood Ra. Hall Jo. Humfrey Jo. Pocock. 1
Cuthberts in
Carlisle. April 24. 1656.
Whereas the Rectories of the pish Churches of Maries & Cuthberts
wthin the City of Carlisle being impropriat« to the late Deane &
Chapter ot Carlisle the cures of the said Churches were under the
care & provision of the said Deane & Chapter there being foure
Chappelries thereunto Belonging & the said City pishes and Chappel-
ries are now destitute of any Minister It is ordered That Timothy
Tully a godly & Painefull preacher of the Gospell be & he is hereby
appointed Minister of the said pish Church of Cuthberts & yt he take
care of the cure thereof by preaching & diligently instructing the
pishioners of the said pish & the Chappelries thereof & yt he shall
have for his said Service all ffees, Salaries, Stipends & Allowances to
the Minister of the said Church due or of right accustomed. And it
is further ordered that ye yearely sume of fourscore pounds be from
time to time paid unto the said ilr. Tully (approved according to the
Ordinance for Approbacon of publique preachers) out of the rents &
profitts hereafter menconed (vizt) the yearely sume of Eight poundes
iijs & ixd out of the tithes of Meal Garner the further yrly sume of iiijli
viiijs & vijd out of the tithe of hay of Meal Garner the further jrrly
sume of vijs out of Braithwaite houses wthin the pish of St. Maries in
Carlisle aforesaid the further yrly sume of 10s out of tithe of Harraby
the further yrly Sume of ijli js out of the tithes of King Garth & Caw
Garth the further yrly sume of jli vis & viijd out of the tithes of
Coate hill the further yrly sume of vjli xiijs & iiijd out of the tithes of
Thursby the further yrly sume of js & vjd out of the tithes of Swift
hill, the yrly tenth of xijs & iiijd issuing out of the viccarage of
Thursby the further yrly Sume of xviijli xiijs & iiijd arising out of
the Proctors office of St. Maries in Carlisle aforesaid the further yrly
sume of js out of ye tithe of Carlisle close the further yrly Sume of
10s out of the Mills wthin the City of Carlisle, the further yrly sume
of ijli out of the tithes of Little Banton the yrly Sume of 8d for a
tenemt at Bleckett wthin the pish of St Cuthberts in Carlisle the
further yrly sume of jli out of ye tithe of Rocliffe the further yrly
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 972.
1 64 The Ejected of 1662
sume of iijjli out of the tithes of Stainton Houghton, the further yrfy
sume of ijli out of the tithes of Botcherby the further yrly sume of
viijs & iiijd out of the tithes of Tarraby the further yrly Sume of vjs
& viijd out of the tithes of Avaresholme, the further yrly sume of iijs
& iiijd out of the tithe hay of Botcherby the further yrly Sume of one
pound iiijs out of the tithe of Barrisfeild the further yrly sume of
xvjs & iiijd out of the tithe of hemp Lynt Leeks & Onions of Barris-
feeld all wthin the County of Cumberland & the further yrly Sume of
foure & twenty poundes vijs & ijd out of the pfitts of Tenthes arising
wthin the said County amounting in the whole to the said yrly Sume
of fourescore poundes the same to be accoted [accounted] from ye 23
of Aprill instant & to be from time to time continued and paid unto
the said Mr. Tully for such time as he shall discharge the duty of the
Minister of the said place or untill further order of these Trustees The
said 24li viijs & ijd arising out of the tenthes aforesaid to be paid the
25th of March yrly out of the profitts thereof due & payable the 25th
of December preceding and Mr Edmund Branthwaite Recr is hereby
appointed and authorised to pay the same accordingly Provided That
his order be first entered wth the Auditor.
Edw. Cressett Ra Hall Jo. Humfrey Jo. Pocock Ri. Yong.*
To His Highnesse ye Lord Protector of theComon wealth of England
and Scotland. The humble peticon of the Maior Aldermen BaylifFes
and Comon Councellmen of the City of Carlile.
Humbly shew That the Cure of the two Parishes within ajid without
the liberties of the said Citty of Carlile being of a very large extent
were heretofore supplyed by two able Ministers who had their respec-
tive Salaries allowed and payed out of the Revenues belonging to the
Deane and Chapter of the Cathedral Church there.
That yor petrs now furnished with two able Ministers are
Constreyned notwthstanding what is setled upon them by the
Trustees to give a considerable allowance out of the Publicke Stocke
* of the said Citty for their better support and maintennce.
Yor petrs humble desire is that the sume of 120li p. ann. may
be setled to either Minister out of the Tithes of either pish when
the Leases expire (wch will be about two yeares hence) for supply
of the respective Cures of the sd Parish and they shall pray &c.
Edmond Craister. Edward James.
Thos : Dixon. ' Tho : Caister.
Hen. Vaile. Tho : Sewell.
Thomas Sed. Isaac Tullie.
Robert Collier. Jo : Pattinson.
Ri. Lowry, Maior. Richard Moonke.
Cuth : Studholme. Edw. Lowrie
Willm James.
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 972.
Augmentation 165
Oliver P.
We recomend this Peticon to or Councill to allowe an Augmentacon
of Twenty pounds per ann to each of the Parishes in Carlisle over &
above that wch is at present allowed.
[Endorsed.] Whitehall 31st December 1657.*
Carlisle Peticon
ord 23 March 1657.
Carlisle. Tuesday 23rd of March 1657.
Att the Councell at Whitehall.
Upon consideracon of the humble peticon of the Maior Aldermen
Baylifes and Councell of the City of Carlisle ordered by his High
nesse the Lord Protector and the Councell That it bee recomended
to the Trustees for maintenance of Ministers to setle upon the
Ministers of each of the pishes in Carlisle an additional Augmen-
tacon of Twenty pounds p Annu over and above the Augmentacons
already Graunted unto them for their better maintenance and incour-
agement.
William Jessop CI. of the Councell.'
Carlisle. April 23. 1658.
Ordered that ye State of the parishes within the city of Carlisle and
of the Maintennce of the Ministry thereof bee taken in consideration
when the Trustees shall have received an account of the same from
their Recr and what is done concerning the unity of any of the said
parishes or any other parish with any of them to the end that such
Augmentation may bee setled according to former order and the order
of his Highnesse and Councell now produced as shall be fitt and
requisite. 3
Cuthberts in
Carlisle. Nov. 16. 1658.
Ordered that the yearely sume of ten poundes be and the same is
hereby graunted to & for further increase of maintennce to the
minister of Cuthberts in Carlisle in the County of Cumberland His
Highnes & Councell having approved thereof and that the same be
from time to time paid unto ]Mr. Timothy Tully Minister there
approved by the Comrs for approbation of publique preachers To hold
for such time as he shall continue minister of Cuthberts aforesaid or
further ordr of these Trustees. And that Mr. Lawrence Steele Trear
doe pay the same accordingly to bee accounted from ye 25th day of
March last.
Jo. Thorowgood Edw. Cressett Jo. Humfrey Ri Sydenham Ra Hali.4
1. S. P. Dom. Inter., vol. 180.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 977.
3. Ihid., 980.
4. Ibid., 995.
1 66 The Ejected of 1662
Mary's in
Carlisle. Nov. 16. 1658.
Ordered that the yearely sume of ten poundes bee and the same is
hereby graunted to and for a further increase of the maintennce of
the minister of Marys in Carlisle in the County of Cumberland, His
Highnes and Councell having approved thereof and that the same bee
from time to time paid unto Mr. Comfort Starr minister there
approved by the Comrs for approbation of publique preachers To hold
for such time as hee shall continue Minister there or further order of
these Trustees And that Mr. Lawrence Steele Trear doe pay the same
accordingly to bee accounted from the 25th day of March last past.
Jo. Thorowgood Ka Hall Edw Cressett Ei Sydenham Ri Yong. i
Monday ye 7 of March 1658, Carlisle Mr. Craister peticons for
repaire of ye Quire of Maryes, Carlisle.
Maries Carlisle, referre it to Mr. Atkms or let the regr state case that
Maries being Cathedral & parish Church Whether it be in the power of
ye minister to repaire it & what repaires.^
Maries in Carlisle. By the Trustees for Maintennce of INIinistrs.
March 7. 1658.
Whereas the Cathedrall church of Maries in Carlisle is also
parochiall & the Chancell of the said Church is much out of repaire &
the Tithes of the rectory of INIaries aforesd pcell of ye possions of ye
late Deane & Chapter of Carlisle (by whom the said Church was
heretofore repaired) is now vested in these Trustees Ordered That it
be referred to Mr. Atkins of Councell with these Trustees to consider
whether ye sd Trustees are bound by Law to repaire the said
Chancell and how farre & therein to report his opinion to ye said
Trustees with all convenient speed. 3
Maries Carlisle. March 23. 1658.
Whereas ye Cathedrall Church of Maries in Carlisle is parochiall &
ye Rectory & tithes of the sd parish Church are parcell of the
possions of the late Deane & Chapter of Carlisle & ye Chancell &
Quire of ye sd parish Church hath been from time to time repaired at
the care & Charge of ye sd Deane & Chapter And whereas ye West
end of ye sd parish Church was demolished in ye late Warrs & the
body of the sd Church thereby rendred uselesse & unfit to receive ye
pishioners of ye sd parish at times of publique worship whereby they
are necessitated from time to time to meet in ye sd Chancell or Quire
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 995.
2. Ihid., 1003.
3. Ihid., 989.
Augmentation 167
for ye ends aforesd which sd Chancell is also very much out of repaire
And it is offered in behalfe of ye sd parish that they will contribute
something towards ye repaire thereof for ye Ease of ye Revenue of ye
Trustees It being prayed that ye Trustees would therefore likewise
forthwith advance a sum of money to that purpose & appoint some
yearely allowance towarde ye same It is ordered that the sume of
Twenty pounds bee forthwith payed by Mr Edmund Branthwaite
Recr for & toward ye sd repaire unto ye Mayr & Aldermen & Comon
Councell of the said City who are thereupon to cause the sd Church
to be forthwith repaired & after such repaires to deliver unto the sd
Mr. Branthwaite sufficient bills under Workmen's hands for the
proofe of the necessary expense of the said sum upon the pmisses.
Jo. Thorowgood Ra Hall Rich Yong Jo Pocock Edw. Cressett'
Carlisle
Maries
D. Mar. 1. ffebr. 24th 1659.
Whereas the Rectory of ye psh Church of Maries in ye City of Carlisle
being impropriate to ye late Bishop & Deane & Chapter of Carlisle &
ye Cure of ye said Church formerly under ye care & provision of ye
sd Bpp & Deane & Chapter being now devolved upon these Trustees
The Trustees have heretofore ordered the makeing up of ye maintennce
of Mr. Timothy Tully Ministr of Maries aforesd lOOli a yeare out of
severall tithes "within ye sd pish & in ye psh of Cuthberts parcell of ye
possions of ye sd Bishop & Deane & Chapter for ye setlin^ whereof
Ordered that the said yearly sume of lOOli be paid out of ye perticulars
hereafter menconed vizt the yearly sume of fforty shillings out of ye
rents & profitts of ye tith ffishing of Kingarth the further yearly sume
of 6li out of the rents & profitts of ye tithes of Newbyfeild & Burn-
thwayte both in ye sd psh of iMaries 24li a yeare out of ye rents &
profitts of ye tithes Harraby Graunge wthin ye sd psh of Cuthberts &
of Coatfeild & Swift within ye sd psh of Maries 131i 6s 8d a yeare out
of ye rents & profitts of y^ tithes of Come of Wearyholme 35s a yeare
out of ye rents & profitts of ye tith hay of Wearyholme & Grumble
Meadow 131i Is 6d a yeare out of ye rents & pfitts of ye tithes of Meale
Garner being part in ye sd psh & part in other pshes & are pcell of ye
possions of ye late Deane & Chapter of Carlisle aforesaid 23li a yeare
out of ye rents & pfitts of ye tithes of Cumersdale & Browne Elston
and 91i a yre out of ye rents & profitts of ye tithes of Calcoatebanke
both wthin the sd pshe & pcell of ye possions of ye late Bpp of
Carlisle to hold to ye Minister for the time being of ye sd psh Church
being duely setled & appved of as by Authority of parliamt is directed
& that ye sumes be from time to time paid from ye 29th day of
September last unto ye sd Mr. Tully for such time as he shall continue
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 995.
1 68 The Ejected of 1662
in ye faithfull discharge of ye duty of ye Minestr of Maries in Carlisle
aforesaid And that Mr. Edmund Branthwaite Recr doe pay the same
unto him accordingly.
Jo Thorowgood Wm Steele Geo Cowper Jo Pococke Ri Yong. l
Carlisle
Cuthberts
d. Mar. 1. ffebr. 24 1659.
Whereas the Rectory of ye pish Church of Cuthberts in Carlisle in
ye County of Cumberland being improproiate to ye late Bishop &
Deane & Chapter of Carlisle & ye Cure of ye sd Church formerly undr
the care & pvision of ye said Bishop & Deane & Chapter being now
devolved upon these Trustees the Trustees have heretofore ordered the
makeing up of ye maintennce of Mr. Comfort Starre Ministr of
Cuthberts aforesd lOOli a yeare out of severall tithes within ye said
psh & in the parish of Maries parcel 1 of the possions of ye sd Bishop
& Deane & Chapter Ordered that ye sd yearly sume of lOOli be paid
out of ye perticulars following vizt the yearly sume of 71i out of the
rent & profitts of ye tithes of Botcherby Tarraby ( ?) and Avariceholme
the further yearly sume of 23 pounds out of ye rents & profitts of the
tithes of Briscoe and the further yearly sume three score & ten pounds
out of ye tithes of Cuthberts psh aforesd All in ye sd pshe of Cuth-
berts & parcell of ye possions of ye late Deane & Chaptr of Carlisle to
hold to ye Ministr for ye time being of ye sd psh Church of Cuthberts
beinge duely setled and approved of as by authority of parliament is
directed and that the same bee from time to time pd from the 29th day
of September last unto the, said Mr. Starre for such time as he shall
continue in ye faithful discharge of ye duty of ye Ministr of Cuthberts
aforesd And that Mr. Edmund Branthwaite Recr. doe pay the same
unto him accordingly.
Jo. Thorowgood W Steele George Cowper Jo Pococke Ri Yong. 2
To these may be appended the following, which deals
with a Petition for additional sums to various places, for
the repairing of the Parsonage or Vicarage house, the
smallness of the grant to Carlisle being an indication of
the slightness of the need. : —
Proceedings of Council, Thursday, Feb. 18, 1657.
Appr 6 March.
Whereas by an himible peticon directed to his Highnes from ye
Members that lately served in pliamt for the County of Cumberland,
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min) 987.
2. Ibid. MS. 989 has an entry for St. Cuthbert's much similar to
this.
Augmentation 169
on behalf of Sevall able Godly Ministers It was Sett forth that in
pursuance of the late Act for Propagateing the Gospel in the 4
Northerne Countyes, there was appoynted one Edward Winter, Threr
[Treasurerj], since deceased, who reed Sevall sumes of money to be
imployed for the undermenconed in yt Act and that the sayd Act
being expired, there remaynes of the sayd money undisposed of about
200 li wch they pray may be called for from the Executor of ye sayd
Threr or any other in whose hands it is and distributed to the sayd
Ministers (for repaireing such of their Parsonage or Vicarage houses as
were totally ruined or decayed at the tyme of their entering into their
liveings), which peticon his Highness w^as pleased to referr to the Lord
Charles Howard, Wm Briscoe Thomas Craister, Cuthbert Studholme
Esqrs and others or any 2 of them to take an accompt of the moneys
Soe reed and remayneing undisposed and to state a Divident thereof
among such Ministrs as they shall thinke most meete and just and to
Secure the sayd Moneys, and transmitt their proceedings under their
hands to his Highness for his Highness further Consideracon and
direcon. And whereas the sayd referrees before named, havein pursuiance
thereof Certifyed the distribucon following, That is to say To ye
Minister.
Carlisle 05 00 00
Dalston 35 00 00
Kerkbride 03 00 00
Orton 35 00 00
Graystocke 30 00 00
Penrith 25 00 00
Addingham 06 00 OU
Ousby 10 00 00
Brampton 30 00 00
Castle Carrock ... 30 00 00
In toto... 209 00 00
wch his Highness was pleased to referr to ye Consideracon and order
of the Councell Ordered by and with the advice of the Councell that
ye sume of 2091i be distributed among the sayd Ministrs according to
the proporcons aforesayd, And it is referred to the Lord Howard and
to the rest of the sayd Certifiers or any two of them, to call for the
sayd money from the Executors or Admrs of the sayd Threr, or such
other pson or psons in whose hands the same or any pt thereof remaynes
and to see the same distributed accordingly and the sayd Executor
Admrs or other psons, are hereby empowered and required to pay the
same according to such direcions as they shall receive from the sayd
170 The Ejected of 1662
Certifyers or any 2 of them, which with this order and the acquittance
of the ptyes [parties] Soe directed to receive the same shalbe their
Sufficient Warrt and discharge in yt behalf e.'
In the foregoing documents it will be noted that the
scribe has considerably confused names. The same thing
occurs in the Augmentation Lists. ^ Timothy Tullie,
however, had the Cathedral Church of St. Mary's, which
carried the larger salary; while Comfort Starr was at
St. Cuthbert's. Chancellor Ferguson thinks that Timothy
Tullie's higher salary is an indication that he also held
the Lectureship; but that is not sufficient evidence. The
probability is that the duties of the office, whatever they
may have been, were divided between the two. Certainly
the election Sermon for the Mayor appears to have been
preached by each in turn.
What the City directly contributed towards their main-
tenance is indicated in the following : —
1656-7, Salaries.
It. to jNIr. Tully Ministr by 2 acquittances.
£28 0 0.
It. to Mr. Starr Ministr by 2 acquittances.
£20 0 0. 3
Timothy Tullie had also £8 a year for rent and Comfort
Starr £5. 4s. The following is Comfort Starr's receipt for
his half year's salary : —
December 2d 1658.
Eeceived then of Chamberlaine Jackson ye sume of ten pounds wch
was due to mee on ye 23rd day of October last.
I say received £10 0 Op me
Comfort Starr. 4
It would appear that the Brisco and other Tithes went
direct to the coffers of the General Eund for Augmenta-
tion of Minister's stipends, Edmund Branthwaite being
1. S. P. Dom. Inter. I. 78, fol. 460.
2. Vide p. 1313, &c.
3. Chamberlain's Accounts.
4. The Lectureship, &c., p. 329.
TuUie and Starr 171
the Official Eeceiver for the County. Hence the
following : —
April. 28. 1659.
Reed, then for the use of the Hoble. Trustees for Maintenance of
Ministers of Thomas Jackson Chamberlaine the sume of fower pounds
six shillings eight pence for one years rent for Brisco Tyth ended at
Candlemas last past. I say reed, by ye order of Mr. Edmond Branth-
waite the sum of £4 6s. 8d.
by me John Tomlinson.
May 12. 1659.
Reed, then for the use of the Hoble. Trustees for Maintenance of
Ministers of Thomas Jackson Chamberlaine of the Citty of Carlile the
sume of two pounds eighteen shillings for one yeares rent for Cargo
Tyth due at Midsomer 1658. I say reed, by the order of Mr. Edmond
Branthwaite the sume of - £2 18s. Od.
by me John Tomlinson.'
Timothy Tullie and Comfort Starr began their
ministry in Carlisle together, and together they ended it.
As already intimated the Restoration brought the return
of the Cathedral Clergy and consequent Ejection of
Comfort Starr; whether he remained some time in the
neighbourhood is not clear. The Episcopal Register at
Carlisle gives the ordination of " Ludovicus Starre
Iratus " as Deacon on September 20th, 1663. The name
is interesting, though there is nothing to indicate rela-
tionship with the Ejected Minister. Eventually, as
Calamy states, Comfort Starr found his way back to his
native County.
In the Conventicle Returns for 1669 he appears as a
Nonconformist teacher or preacher at Cranbrook, Kent. ^
In 1672 he was living at Sandwich ; and a few days after
the Declaration of Indulgence he made application for
preaching Licenses. The following were requested: —
Mr. Comfort Starre in Saundwieh in Kent teacher.
Mr. John Watts his house in the same place. [There is no date
but it was before April 2, 1672. Vide S. P. Dom. Car. II. 320, No. 20.]
Comfort Starr Congregationall Teacher desires the Old Chappell
1. The Lectureship, &e., p. 329.
2. Lambeth MS. 639.
172 The Ejected of 1662
belonging to the Hospitall of St. Bartholomews Sandwich. [In
pencil, "April 19." Vide S. P. Dom. Car. II. 320, No. 88.]
Comfort Starre of Sandwich in Kent Teacher Congregational].
Their Meeting Place.
The Old Chapell belonging to ye Hospitall of St. Bartholomeaw
near & without ye walls of Sandwich.
Congregational].
[In pencil, "Ap. 19." Vide Ibid No. 93.]
The town of ich in ye
Mr. Comfort Starre Teacher of ye Perswasion Comonly Called
Congregational .
Their Meeting Place.
The Old Chappell belonging to ye Hospitall of St. Bartholomewe
wthout ye walls of Sandwich. [Vide Ibid No. 94.]
This second application is on a torn piece of paper, but
tlie handwriting is the same as the other, and both are
the same as the receipt which was given by " Rob.
Mascall." At first it was diflGlcult to secure a License
for anything approaching a public building,^ and Comfort
Starr only managed to obtain one for himself and house
as follows : —
Starre Congr Sandwich.
Licence to Comfort Starre to be a Congreg. Teacher in his owne
howse in Sandwich 17 Apr 72.
Sandwich Congr Starr's howse.
The howse of Comfort Starre in Sandwich licensed for a Congr.
Meeting place 17 Apr. 72.2
The receipt for these is here appended : —
Eeceived for Mr. Comfort Star his Maiesties Licence & allowance
of his dwelling house in Sandwich.
White Hall Apr 20th 1672.
ROB. MASCALL. 3
John Watt's house was licensed May 1st, 1672.^ Two
or three other houses in Sandwich were also licensed at
which he doubtless preached.
1. Vide p. 55.
2. Vide S. P. Dom. Entry Book 38a, p. 29 (Record Office).
3. S. P. Dom. Car. II. 320, No. 167.
4. Vide Entry Book, 38a, p 63.
TuUie and Starr ly;^
Under date August 12th, 1687, there is the following
entry in the Church Book of the present Guildhall Street
Church, Canterbury, the Church originally of Dancing
House Yard : —
" The Church kept a day. To Begg direction, in ye great
affayer of a pastor ... at which Tyme or [our] Church
Elected Mr. Comfort Starre To be our Pastour."
Two years later, in a list of the officers and members of
the Church, his name appears at the head as " Pastor."
He continued here until 1691,^ when he went to Lewes,
in Sussex, where he ministered the rest of his life. For
quite a succession of years beginning with April 18th,
1698, the Minutes of the Congregational Fund Board
contain the entry : —
Ordered that Mr. Starr of Lewes in Sussex bee allowed £6 0 0.
In reference to Timothy Tullie it is difficult to say
exactly what happened. Probably it was felt, as in the
case of so many others, to be in every way desirable that
a new sphere should be found for him. He would not be
a persona grata to the new men because of his recent
conduct. Always an Episcopalian at heart, described in
the Westmorland Certificate for 1646 as " Minister of
Cliburne, a non Covenantr and disaffected,' ^ that he
considerably modified his attitude in relation to these
matters is clear from the further statement in the
Certificate that " he hath taken ye oath of ye 5th Aprill."
Subsequently he joined the Cumberland Association of
Ministers, and actually became " Modr pro Temp." ^ in
1658. He invariably acted with the Commonwealth
Ministers and his name appears repeatedly among theirs
certifying men for the ministry. He had even committed
a still more grievous offence in accepting a place among
1. For several of the items relating to Comfort Starr's life in Kent
I am indebted to Mr. J. Watkinson of Heme Bay who is busy upon
a work on Kent Congregationalism.
2. Vide p. 111.
3. Vide p. 105.
174 The Ejected of 1662
the Sequestration Commissioners for the County, as the
following shows : —
Thursday ye 7th of Aug. 1656.
Persons hereafter named be added to ye Comrs. appoynted by the
Ordinance for ejecting of scandalous, ignorant & insufficient Ministers
& Schoolemasters.
For ye County of Cumberland
Mr. Thomas Sewill.
For ye County of Westmorland
Mr. Thomas Fletcher.
For ye County of Cumberland
Mr. Atkinson.
Mr. Tulley.
Mr. Joseph Nicholson.^
[No Minister's name for Westmorland.]
The Restoration does not seem to have brought an
actual Ejection; it led to a convenient removal to another
sphere, where he would be free from the opprobrium,
which almost certainly would have clung to him had he
remained in Carlisle. He became Rector of Middleton-
in-Teesdale and Canon of York in 1660. It was late in
the year when he removed as the following shows : —
Dec. 30, 1660, paid for pottell of Sack when you [the Mayor
George Barwick] tooke leave of Mr. Timothy Tully, 00 : 04 : 00.2
Probably for the same reason the Master of the
Grammar School, with the somewhat ominous name of
"Death," was moved about the same time, the new con-
ditions calling for a new set of men all round. Hence
the following : —
Pd to Mr. Death when he went away 20 : 00 : 00.3
The following letter belonging to this period throws
light upon movements in the City : —
Deare bro.
I send you Inclosed a bill of Exchange for xxli to be pd to my
bro Miller, there is 5li more to pay him and if you have not reed 511
1. S. P. Dom. Inter. I. 77, pp. 322, 323.
2. Chamberlain's Accounts.
3. Ihid.
The TuUie Family 175
of Sam. Herbert I doe earnestly desire you to doe me the favor to
pay it and you shall have it the next tearme or before. Pdon me
this tyme on not Inlargeinge my selfe, I have sent a Letter to my
Lo. genrall Concereneinge the 2 Monthess assess, I pray disere my
bro Miller to delivr it I will write to him by my next, there is now
more reason to Looke to ye quakers and Anabaptist then formerly,
and god willinge I will Lie my selfe. out to doe what service I am
able for his Matie whome I hope the Lord will Continue wth Longe
Life in dispite of all his foes in hast I re [torn].
Carlile 24th Yors till death
Dec. 1660. Geo. Williamson.
I pray you Seale the Inclosed Letter wth yor Seale.
To Mr. Joseph Williamson at Secretary Sr. Edward Nicholas his
Lodginge in Whitehall, London. — these. ^
Timotliy Tullie's son, Thomas, an Oxford graduate,
afterwards LL.D., became Cliancellor of the Carlisle
Diocese in 1683, Yicar of Crosthwaite, Cumberland, in
1710, and Dean of Carlisle in 1716. '- He died in 1726-7.
He also held the living of Aldingham in Lancashire from
1694 to 1726-7, the year of his death; and was succeeded
at the latter place by Thomas Tullie, who may have been
the son baptized in 1701.^
The following are some of the Tullie entries in the
St. Mary's Registers: —
Abbeygate, Geo. ye sonne of Isaac Tully bapt. ye 5th Sept. 1656.
Baptisms.
Abbeygate, Joseph ye sonne of Mr. Timothy Tullie ye 9th day
of Novembr, 1657.
Abbeygate, philip ye sonne of Timothy Tully clerke ye 13th
March 1659/60.
1691-2 ffebr, Abbeygate, Eliz. ye daughter of Mr. Thomas Tullie
Chancelr. and Prebend of Carlile bapt. ye 2d day.
1692-3 ffeb, Abbeygate, Mary daughter of Mr. Thomas Tullie
baptiz'd. ,
Judith Tullie bapt. ffebr 18th 1693-4.
Jerom Tullie 31 march 1695.
William do. Sept. 16, 1697.
Tho. do. Sept. 25, 1701.
1. S. P. Dom. Car. II, vol. 24, fol. 35.
9. Al. Ox.
3. Baines's " Hist, of Lancashire " (Croston's Edition), vol. v, p. 576.
176 The Ejected of 1662
1694, Abbeygate, Mr. Tho. Tullie Chancelour Child Buried ye 23
of May.
Abbeys Street Dr. Thomas Tullie Deane of Carlile died ye 16th
of January 1726 and was buried ye Eighteenth.
With the E-estoration Episcopacy returned, and the
first of the Cathedral Qlergj to take office was Guy
Carleton. He was a native of Gilsland; graduated M.A.
of Queen's College, Oxford, January 29th, 1628-9, and
became CD. August 2nd, 1660.^ He petitioned for
restoration to his living at Bucklebury, Berks., in June,
1660 ;2 and was instituted Dean of Carlisle, June 29th the
same year, just one montli after the King's entry into
London. This office would appear to have been vacant since
1642, its last occupant being Thomas Comber, S.T.P., who
was presented to it August 28th, 1630. Becoming Master of
Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1642, "concerned (amongst
the rest) in sending the plate of that university to the
king Dr. Comber was deprived of all his preferments,
and died in 1653." ^ Jefferson says that Guy Carleton,
his successor in the Deanery, was " an active and bold
asserter of the royal cause, in the time of the civil wars;
and in consequence he was ejected from his livings by the
' Presbyterian visitors,' and was imprisoned at Lambeth,
and treated with great severity; after having suffered
many hardships, he made his escape, and joined the
exiled king on the continent." * Doubtless we are to see
the influence of his strong personality at work in the
active measures taken almost immediately, which resulted
in the displacement of a considerable number of men.
Towards the end of 1660, he became, in addition, Canon
of Durham, and in 1672, Bishop of Bristol. Against
Nonconformists he was exceeding bitter. Both at
Durham and Bristol he did his utmost to render nugatory
the benefits of the Indulgence Declaration ; and the
Calendars of State Papers for that period tell a striking
1. Al Ox.
2. H.M.C. Eeport, vii, pt. i, p. 105.
3. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 304.
4. Hist of Carl., p. 249.
The Cathedral Clergy 177
story of his unresting activity with, a view to the supres-
sion of all Conventicles and Conventiclers. Subsequently
he was Bishop of Chichester. He died at Westminster,
July 6th, 1685. The Mayoral visit to him. in his
" Chamber" at Carlisle is thus noted in the Chamberlain's
Accounts ; and it must have been an occasion of consider-
able conviviality to have proved so costly: —
Nov. 23, 1660, paid for sack and wine to Mrs. Monke when you
[the Mayor George Barwick] went to visett the Deane in his chamber
01 : 03 : 08.
Bishop Sterne was consecrated December 2nd, 1660.
A notice of this man's character, who is somewhat of a
puzzle to historians, appears elsewhere. ^ He became
Archbishop of York in 1664.
Lewis West, M.A., who had been sequestered from the
Prebendship of the Third Stall and the Archdeaconry
of the Diocese, returned to both these positions in 1660.
He was the only one of the old Cathedral Clergy who
lived to see the Restoration and return to his former
emoluments.^
Robert Lowther, B.C.L,, became Chancellor in 1661.
He was Rector of Bewcastle. ^
Dr. Thomas Smith became Prebendary of the First
Stall in 1660. He retained the position only a short time
becoming Dean, and subsequently Bishop of the Diocese.
He died in 1702, and the St. Mary's Registers have the
following in reference to him : —
The Reverend ffather in God Thomas Smith Id Bpp of Carlile
Buried in the Cathedral Near the Alter Aprill ye 17, 1702 A worthy
Benefactor. — J. P.
His successor in the Prebendship, in 1661, was Thomas
Canon, B.D., who died in 1668.
Arthur Savage, M.A., became Prebendary of the Second
Stall in 1660. He was Rector of Brougham and after-
1. Vide p. 76.
2. Vide pp. 349, 355, 361.
3. Vide p. 293.
M
178
The Ejected of 1662
wards of Caldbeck.^ His Petition for the preferment in
June, 1660, reads as follows: —
Peticon
of To the Kings Most Excellent Majestie
Arthur Savage. The humble peticon of Arthur Savage
Humbly Sheweth
That a prebendary of Carlisle is now
void by the death of ffrederick Tunstall
and now in yor ISIaties Guift
May it therefore please yor Sacred
Matie Gratiously to Conferre the
same upon yor petioner
And he (as in duty bound) shall
ever pray &c.^
George Buchanan, the Sequestered Yicar of Kirkby
Lonsdale, became Prebendary of the Fourth Stall and
also Yicar of Stanwix.^ His Petition, dated June, 1660,
is in the following terms : —
To the King's Most Excellent Majesty
The humble Peticon of George Buchanan Clerk.
Sheweth.
That your Peticoner hath been a deep sufferer in the
late troubles both for his Alleageance to yr ^lajestye's Royall ffather
of blessed memory, and his Constancy to the Church in the worst of
times, having lost his living in Scotland of 200]i Sterling pounds for
refusing the first Covenant & since been sequestred of the Vicarage
of Kirkby-Lonsdale, Westmerland in England 16 yeares agoe In which
time hee was Chaplaine in Severall beseiged Garrisons of his late
Majesty, and endured many Imprisonments Now forasmuch as there
are three of the Prebends of Carlisle now void by the death of Doctor
Lancelott Dawes, ilr. ffrederick Tunstall and Mr. Henry Hutton
Yor Petitioner humbly begs one of the said Prebends.
And (as in duty bound) hee shall ever pray &c. *
The Lectureship continued after the Restoration; and
as the Chamberlain's Accounts contain many interesting
1. Vide pp. 553, 1247
2. S. P. Dom. Car. 11, vol. 6.
3. Vide pp. 194, 1011.
4. S. P. Dom. Car. II, vol. 6.
Interesting Items 179
items along with the names of several who served in this
capacity, the following further excerpts are given : —
CHAMBERLAIN'S ACCOUNTS.
Aug. 4, 1635 bestoued upon Mr. Moor preacher in p'sence of ye
brethren 0:2:8.
Itm given the 3 Novem to Mr. Ogle a blind preacher 00 : 05 : 00.
8. Nov. 1636 given to a preacher Mr. Porcas 00 : 11 : 00.
1637 Itm given to a minister called Gray brown the 3 of Julij beinge
blind 00 : 02 : 06.
It to Joseph Thurell a minister 0 — 2 — 0.
It to Simond Banks a minister 0 — 1 — 6.
1642. Bestowed in wine upon Mr. Anderton and other Lancashire
Gent, officers to the Lord of Newcastle & the Aldermen 1 — 5 — 8.
June 28. 1643 to a distressed Minister & wife & childn 00 : 04 : 00.
August 20. for carrying of a Ire [letter] to Mr. West 00 : 01 : 00.
June 6. 1650. Item bestowed upon Mr. Tully in wine, sack & Sugar
00 : 11 : 10.
13. Item pd to Mr. Houldsworth 07 : 00 : 00.
1650 It. pd Mr. Baldwin for preaching at. ye Ellection day 01:0:0.
1649 — 50. For severall post letters about ministers & other businesses
01 : 13 : 06.
1651 September 13. Item in wine & sack bestowed upon Mr. Larcam
Minister 00 : 05 : 00.
Sept. 15. Item in Sack & wine bestowed upon Sr. Arthure Haslerigg
00 : 13 : 10.
1651, December 21, Received of Mr. Collyer 4 : 00 : 00.
July 5. 1652. Item Bestowed in Banqueting upon Mr. Benn 01 :00 :06.
9 Item pd for a Scots minister 00 : 01 : 00.
August 14. 1652 Item pd to a Scots Minister called Mr. Roel(?)
00 : 02 : 00.
March 1652-3. Item given to Mr. ffallowfeild for his opinion
00 : 10 : 00.
August 22. 1653. Item payed to one for going to Mr. Nichols to
preach on the thanksgiving day 00 : 01 : 00.
September 20. 1653 Given to ye iudges clarke p. drawing a conviction
of Geo. fTox comonly called a quaker 00 : 05 : 00.
October 4. 1653 It pd to Mr. powlewheele for his Sermon 01 : 00 : 00.
Item pd to Tho. Thomlinson for the oracon 00 : 10 : 00.
October 5. 1654. Imprs to Mr. Polewheele for the Sermon upon the
Eleccon day 01 : 00 : 00.
Otober 1. 1655. To Mr. Tully for a Sermon 01 : 00 : 00.
,, 12. Item pd to a boy for going to Mr. Nichols 00 : 00 : 08.
1655-6 Jan. 30. Item pd to Ralph Beckwith for 4 beds to Sev'all
Ministers 00 : 01 : 00.
i8o The Ejected of 1662
Septemb the 2. 1656. Itm bestowed upon Mr. Thomas Tullie for
Sacke wine Sugar and Bisketts 00 : 06 : 08.
1656 March 25. Itm given to Mr. Hadger an Irish minister 00 :02 :06.
1656 October 13. Imprs to Mr. Tully for a sermon on ye Election
day 1—0—0.
1657 August pd to Mr. Craister and Mr. Studholme for the Ministers
house rent 1 — 6 — 0.
October 5th. 1657 payed to Mr. Stare for ye election Sermond
01 : 00 : 00.
December 7 1658. pd for 1 quert Sacke to Mr. Tully when the
towell was letten 00 : 02 : 00.
1658 July 8. pd for Sacke and wine to Mr. Death 00 : 04 : 00.
1658 December 1st. Pd Mr. Tully by Aquitance 14—00—00. pd to
Mr. Stare by Aquitance 10—00—00.
pd to Mr. Creastor for Mr. Stars house 01—06—00.
June 10 pd to Mr. Creastor for Mr. Stars house 01—06—00.
Payd Mr. Tully and Mr. Starr 3 July 24—0—0.
1658 October the 4 day pd to Mr. Tully for the election Sermond
01—00—00.
November 10. 1658 Given to three Scottsmen by Mr. Tullys orders
by a note made from him ^u — 02 — 06.
1659 May 24 more yt he [Mr. Craister] payd for 2 orders to our
ministers 00—07—06.
pd to Mr. Timothy Tully 014 : 00 : 00.
pd to Mr. Comfort Starre OjO : 00 : 00.
May 24. pd to Mr. Anth. Death for j quarters Sallary ending the
25 of March 1658 p Receipt OjO : 00 : 00.
ffor 2 orders for ye Ministers Augmentation 000 — 12 — 00.
pd Mr. Collyer and Mr. Wilson for their traverse 000 : 05 : 00.
pd for 2 orders for ye Ministers Augmentation 000 — 12 — 00.
1659—60.
Octo. 4 pd to Mr. Starr for ye Election Sermond 1 — 0 — 0.
pd to Balife Scott for Mr. Starres House 1 — 6 — 0.
Pd to Mr. Tullie and Mr. Starr 024—00—00.
pd to Mr. Tully for a whole years rent 008—00—00.
pd Mr. Starr for a years rent 002—12—00.
Imp. paied to Mr. Tully for the EUection Sermon October 2. 1660,
01—00—00.
Among tlie disbursements is the following for the
King's " Corronacon Day beinge the 23rd of Aprill
1661": —
Geven to Mr. Nicholls for preachinge 01 — 00 — 00.
Interesting Items i8i
Oflier items read thus : —
Aug. 17. 1661. Pd to Mr. Thompson, Lecturrer, for his halfe yeare
sallery dew at Lady day last 03 : 06 : 00.
Aprill 2. 1662 pd. Mr. Thomson lecturer his halfe yeares sallery due
at Lady day last past 03 : 06 : 08.
1662 July 6. It. to a distressed minister by Mr. Maiors order
00 : 02 : 00.
Aug. 18. 1662. It. Mr. Thomson lecturer his halfe yeare sallery due
at St. Mathew day 03 : 06 : 08.
June 1662 It. pd Mr. Hecksteter Scoole maister due at sd time
10 : 00 : 00.
October 1662 to ye Lecturer by Order of ye Corporation one whole
yeare 06 : 13 : 08.
Jan. 31. 1661-2. It. Mr. Maior & ye rest in visiting Mr. Buchanans
son in Sacke 00 : 04 : 04.
July 16. 1662. It. in visiting Mr. West at Mr. Hecsteters in sacke
& wine 00 : 03 : 08.
October 16. 1662. It. to Mr. Hecshtter ye Schoole master a gift from
ye Corporation 10 : 00 : 00.
A note of what Salleryes is paid for the Cettyes use 1663-4.
pd to Mr. Hetchstetter for the Grammer Schoole 10 : 00 : 00.
pd to Mr. Wargent being Lector 06 : 13 : i.
November 1664.
paid to ye Lector 06 : 13 : 04.
April 6. 1665. paid to Mr. Crow by order 01 : 00 : 00.
1665. Itm. To Mr. Wargt being Lectorer for one yeare 06 : 13 : 04.
1665-6 To a Minister wch was Comitted to Hugh Hodgson 00 : 11 : 00.
To Mr. Brooham an Acquaintance of Mr. Wargents being a minister
formerly in Ireland 00 : 05 : 00.
Imps. Paid to Mr. Constable for his first quartrs Sallary 00 : 10 : 00.
1667-8.
Octob. 18. It. the Lecturer his whole yeare Sallary 06 : 13 : 04.
ffeb. 1st. Upon old Mr. Warwick.
To Mr. Constable for 1 whole year [pensioner] 02 : 00 : 00.
After this date regular payments are made to the
Lecturer without name until about 1676.
The following also appear : —
1671-2 pd to Mrs. Pattinson for wine Ale and Tobaccoe when you
took leave of Mr. ffrankland 01 : 16 : 00.
1673-4 Given to Mrs. Hugisson being distressed by ordr 00 : 00 : 04.
May 20. Bestowed upon Docter Carter Mr. Savage & Mr. Nelson
& others at John Howes 00 : 05 : 00.
1675-6. To Mr. fforas, Clark 00 : 01 : 00.
1 82 The Ejected of 1662
1683 December 20. To Mr. Rich. Shepherd late Schoolmr for one
year teaching School ended at Easter '82. as Acquitt appears
08 : 00 : 00.
May 25. To Mr. Roland Nicols Lecturer for his half y. Salary due
Lady day last as by 2 Acquitt app. 05 : 00 : 00.
June 24. To Mr. Robt. Harrison for half y. Salary due Lady day
last for teaching ye ffree School 10 : 00 : 00.
1686. Imprs To Mr. Nicols Due Lady Day '86, 05 : 00 : 00.
To Mr. Lamb Lecturer for 2 quarters Salary due Michaelmas last
5—0—0. [No date to this but about 1687.]
1687 September 23. Payed to Mr. Lamb Lecturer 10 : 00 : 00.
1688-9. Aug. 9. Pd Mr. Coale a distressed Irish minister 01 :00 :00.
A few sentences in explanation of these names may be
appropriately appended : —
John(?) Thompson, 1661—1662.
No information about bim is forthcoming, unless the
following from the St. Mary's Registers may be regarded
as such : —
1660 Septemb ffrances ye wife of John Thompson Clerk ye 24th
buried.
In the Commonwealth Survey for 1649 is a reference to
John Thompson, Clerk and Petty Canon ; and a person of
this name also appears among the preachers in the City
during its Siege.^
John Wargent, B.A., 1663—1665.
Probably the person of that name who matriculated,
Wadham College, Oxford, June 1st, 1621, at the age of
18 years.2 He took the Engagement May 16th, 1650.^
In August, 1654, he received Augmentation as Yicar of
Thornton-in-Lonsdale.* There seems to have been
trouble with him here. He wanted the living at
1. Vide p. 141.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Rawlinson MSS. D711 (Bodleian Library). This is a register of
such Ministers as took the Engagement to be "true and faithfull to
the Commonwealth of England as the same is now established without
a King or House of Lords."
4. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 968.
John Wargent 183
Leighton Buzzard; but the Trustees for Maintenance of
Ministers, before whom he appeared March 19th, 1657,
refused it, and charged him with being a swearer. In
his letter to Walker, John Aykrigg, his successor, at
Thornton, says : —
In answer to the Queries sent to the Clergy from the visitation
holden at Lancaster 24 ^lay, 1705 : These are to Certifie whom it
may concerne that Mr. John Wargent in the year 1662 was Vicar at
Thornton in Lonsdale in the Arch-Deaconry of Eichmond and Diocess
of Chester ; by presentacon froni the Deane & Chapter of Worcester ;
which Mr. Wargent was no suiferer in his place in the times of the
Grand Rebellion but of his owne accord in the year 1662 left the
liveing for a better benefit in a Church in the City of Carlile, where
he continued peaceably till he dyed.
This is part of the letter only. It is signed " John
Aykrigg, Vicar of Thornton in Lonsdale, and addressed
to Clavell, Bookseller, in London." ^
It should however be said that the Lambeth MS.
(Plund. Min.) 995, under date March 12th, 1657, gives
John Wargent as " late Minister of Thornton in
Longsdale," and contains the order that he be paid " all
arreares of the augmentation to him due for the time hee
officiated the cure of the said place." In 1663 he obtained
the Bishop's license to preach, being ordained Priest on
the same day : —
Eodem die [Dec. 21. 1663] Licentia pradicandi concessa Johanni
Wargent Clerico in Artibus Baca.
Eodem die Licentia ad inserviendum curae animarum concessa
eidem Johi Wargent. 2
He died at the end of 1666, his burial entry reading thus :
" 1666 Decemb. Abbey, John Wargent, Lecturer ye 20th
buried." ^ Dr. Smith, writing to Daniel Fleming of
Rydal Hall, under date December 21st, 1666, says: —
" Mr. Wargent Lecturer is now at ye point of death of a
Consumption." He was also a Minor Canon.'*
1. Walker MSS. C. 1, No. 242 (Bodl. Library).
2. Episcopal Register. Dean and Chapter Library, Carlisle.
3. St. Mary's Registers.
4. "The Flemings in Oxford" by Dr. Magrath, pp. 163, 555.
184 The Ejected of 1662
John Brooke, 1669.
The following are his receipts : —
March 25th. 69.
Received the day and yeare aboue written of Mr. Thomas Jackson
Chamberlaine the sume of three pounds six shillings eight pence
being the Cyties beneuolence to the Lecturer, reward the Good Lord.
I say received the sume aboue saide by mee
John Brooke Lecturer.
September : ye 21th 1670.
Then : received of : Mr. Thomas : Jackson : Chamberlane the sum
of : three poundes six shillings eight pence being the Cittys beneuo-
lence : to and being in full all that is due for this year : part : I say
received the day and year aboue written
p me John Brooke Lecturer.!
No further information about him is forthcoming.
Jo. Stalker, 1670.
In the St. Cuthbert's Transcripts we have the
following : —
Botchardgate intra — Eliza ye daughter of Mr. Jo : Stalker Master
of ye free Schoole in Carlile & Lecturer of St. Cuth : bapt 1 of
April] 1670.
Roland Nicols, M.A., 1686.
He was Rector of Aikton and for some time Chancellor
of the Diocese.^ The baptism by him of a girl fifteen
years old is thus noticed in the St. Cuthbert's Tran-
scripts : —
1674 Botchergate wthin.
Tabitha ye daughter of Eliza Capell bapt by ye Rev'end Mr.
Roland Nicols Chancellor in ye presence of Tho. Bacon and his wife
and Mrs. Maison being about ye age of 15 years old ye 15 of Aprill.
James Lamb, M.A., 1687.
He was Yicar of St. Lawrence, Appleby.^
It is unnecessary to trace the Lectureship further ; and,
during part, at least, of the period passed in review,
1. The Lectureship, &c., p. 329.
2. Vide p. 636.
3. Vide pp. 294, 1136.
Curates 185
Curates officiated at St. Mary's and St. Cutlibert's. The
following names have been gleaned from the Registers,
though it is not certain that all served in this capacity : —
St. Mary's.
George Martin.
Burial 1675-6 ffeb. Castlegate, George Martin Minor Cannon of the
Cathedral Church 23 daie.
A person of this name was at Warcop in 1626. ^
Christopher Knight, 1685.
He performs marriage services in 1685, 1686, 1691. A
person of this name appears at Hayton in 1627 and
Bolton in 1687. 2
Jo. Clarke, 1697.
A marriage here was conducted by him in that year.
George Brathwaithe, 1691.
May 1691 Abbey, Tho ye son of Geo. Brathwt. Curate of St.
Maries buried ye 17th of Maij.
1720, English Street Mrs. Brathwaite June ye 28th [Burial].
June 14 Paid Mr. Brathwaite all Burials to this day May 31st 1745.
The Editor of Bishop Nicolson's Diary gives the
following interesting particulars respecting him : —
Connected with the Cathedral 83 years. Chorister on first roll
call after Restoration Nov. 23, 1668, Minor Canon 1679, nominated
Curate of St. Mary's April 8, 1685. In 1750 by reason of his great
age and loss cf sight incapable of doing ajiy part of his duty. 3
— . Smith, 1702.
7ber ye 22. 1702.
Abbey Mr. Smith Minister buried ye 22 daye
1. Vide p. 1124.
2. Vide pp. 286, 1176.
3. Trans. (N.S.), vol. iii, p. 2. Note : vide also vol. vi, p. 339.
i86 The Ejected of 1662
— . FiDDEs, 1734.
Abbey The Reverend Mr. fiddes buried ye 11 day of September
1734.
— . BiRKET, 1735.
Burial The reverend Mr. Birket Preben of Carlile child 31 Dec
1735.
St. Cuthbert's.
Thos. Stalker, M.A., 1673.
He was ordained Priest September 25th, 1670; and
subsequently beld the livings of Thursby and Rocliffe.^
The Transcripts give the following : —
1673 Botchergate wthin Mary ye daughter of Mr. Tho. Stalker
Ministr of St. Cuthberts bapt. ye 16th day— 1673.
Burials Mary doughter of Mr. Thos. Stalker ye 24 day [Dec. 1673].
William Addison, 1673.
He was ordained Deacon September 25th, 1670, and
signs the Transcripts for 1673, as " Curate ibm." The
following also doubtless refer to him : —
Bapt ffeb 1680-1. Abbeygate Susanna ye daughter of Mr. W.
Addison bapt 15th.
1694, Abbeygate, Mr. Willm Addison buried ye 3rd Sept. 2
John Calvert, 1678.
He signs the Transcripts for a " vera copia " as
" Clerk," and in another place as " Clericus." There is
the burial entry of John Calvert " Clerk of Carlisle,"
July 24th, 1720. The St. Mary's Registers also contain
the following : —
Baptism 1694, May, fish' gate, Mary ye daughter of Mr. Jo.
Calvert ye 16th.
Possibly the person of that name who was ordained
Deacon March, 15th, 1684-5, and was at Cumrew and
Rocliffe. 3
1. Vide 315, 544.
2. St. Mary's Registers.
3. Vide pp. 269, 316.
Presentments 187
John Calvert and Thomas Bewley are referred to in
Bishop Nicolson's Diary as the two " fighting petty-
Canons" "suspended ab ofl&cio et Beneficio.'' An apology
for " kicking, boxing, and by word abusing each other "
was signed by both on April 28th, 1705, before restoration
to office.^
Thos. Bewley, 1698.
He was licensed Curate of St. Cuthbert's in 1698, and
signs the Transcripts in 1707. Nicolson, in an account of
his ordination as a Deacon, December 21st, 1684, remarks
that " Bewley promis'd my Ld. never to aim at priest's
orders; nor to take a Cure." ^
Thomas Addison, 1728.
He signs as "Curate" in 1728; and as "Minister"
in 1731. Possibly the person of that name who appears
at Cumrew and Grinsdale.^
The following Presentments are noted in the St.
Cuthbert's Transcripts : —
[About 1666.] The names of whom is psented wthin Botchardgate
quarter wthin for not cominge to divine Service is
Mr. Tho. Sewell
Elizabeth his wife
Rich. Heath and his wife
Jacob Beers
Mr. Rich. Scott
Mr. Cuth. Studholme and
Barbara his wife ^
George Biglands and Mabell his wife.
1683.
John Carlile.
Duro Dockeray
Richard Peat & wife, Nonconformists.
1. Nicolson's Diary, Trans. (N.S.), vol. ii, 216 and note.
2. Trans. (N.S.), vol. i, p. 22.
3. Vide pp. 222, 269.
4. Vide p. 1365
II. STANWIX.
Frequently it appears in older documents as " Stannix "
or " Stanwick," and is now a northern suburb of Carlisle.
The Registers of the Church, which is dedicated to St.
Michael, date from 1660, and not, as Whellan says, 1650 ;
Bishop Nicolson says 1661. The first volume is long and
narrow : it is in good condition, the writing being legible
and clear. At the beginning is the following : —
A Register booke referring unto the parish church of Stannix
for all Birthes Buriells and Wedings in this case provided
In the Yeare of our Lord
16hund & 60ty.
At the other end of the book we read : —
The Register Booke of Stanwix
Geo. Buchanan prebendarie
of Carlile being vicar of Stanwix 1662 Burials.
There is also a " Book of Accounts " full of interesting
matter, from which most writers have largely drawn.
The following is the title : —
A Book of Accounts
belonging to
The Parish of Stanwix
in the Diocese
of
Carlisle
Wherein are carefully Sett down not only all the accounts that
Relate to the Church, but also all other Matters that Could be mett
wth in old Records & Writeings that may Concern the Vicaridge of
Stanwix, Steinweggs, or Steynwygges Begun by Mr. Hugh Todd,
A.M. Canon of the Church of Carlisle and vicar of Stanwix.
The list of Incumbents is as follows : —
John Braythwaite, 1585 — 1602.
He was collated by Bishop Meye in September, 1585,
and died in 1602.
Stanwix 189
Thomas Langhorne, B.A., 1602 — 1614.
Collated by Bishop Eobinson, July IQth, 1602. The
Langhornes belonged to Cumberland and Westmorland,
and Foster gives the following respecting a person of this
name : —
Langhorne, Thomas, of Cumberland, pleb. Queen's Coll. matric.
Oct. 10, 1595, aged 15; B.A. 25 Jan. 1599—1600; M.A. from St.
Edmund Hall, 6 July 1603, then in orders, i
It is quite possible that this was the Yiear of Stanwix.
He died in 1614.
John Robinson, M.A., 1614.
Possibly John Robinson of Carlisle, pleb. who matricu-
lated Queen's College, Oxford, April 12th, 1605, at the
age of 15, graduated B.A. November 3rd, 1609, and M.A.
July 8th, 1613.2 He was collated by Bishop Robinson,
October 21st, 1614, and may have been a relative. Dr.
Todd says Bishop Meye, but the latter had been dead at
this time nearly twenty years. A person of this name
appears at Kirkland in 1626.^
Robert Wright, 1616.
This is quite a new name. He was collated by Bishop
Snowden, February 9th, 1616 ; and the place is given as
" Stanwiketh als Stanwix." * Foster has a considerable
number of persons of this name in his Oxford Alumni;
but no one is assigned to Stanwix. Probably subsequently
at Great Salkeld.^
John Jackson, 1622—1624.
He was collated by Bishop Milburn, February Ist, 1622 ;
and resigned in 1624. Dr. Todd in the Account Book
refers to the letting of a certain property in 1635 to John
Jackson, Clerke.
1. Al. Ox.
2. Ihid.
3. Vide p. 391.
4. Institution Books (Record Office).
5. Vide p. 360.
I90 The Ejected of 1662
Robert Brown, M.A., 1624—1639.
He was collated by Bishop Senhouse, September 12tli,
1624, The Dufton E-egisters give his marriage in 1634
and state that he was Yicar of Kirkbampton as well as of
Stanwix : —
1634 August Mr. Robert Browne Vicar of Stanwix and Kirk-
bampton and Mistresse Dorothie Hewer married 25.
He died in 1639. i
Richard Welshman, 1639.
He was collated July 1st, 1639, by Bishop Potter, and
had previously been at Crosby-on-Eden, a few miles away.^
According to Dr. Todd, Bishop Potter was Welshman's
uncle. William Lampit refers to him as Minister of
Stanwix in 1650, and says that he was " an enemy in
Carlisle Town when the Leager was against it."^ Shortly
after this he died or resigned. The Stanwix Registers
give the following : —
Burials. May 25. Mrs. Isabell Welshman of Stanwix, 1689.
1695 Mary Welshman daughter of Mr. Eichard Welshman (formerly
vicar of Stanwix) November 1.
Dr. Todd, in his account of the Parish, after Welshman,
says : —
A.D. 1653 aut circ.
Joseph Nicholson, A.M. After his Time ye Place was supply'd
by Itinerants.
The phrase " aut circ " does not save this statement from
being quite erroneous, Nicolson coming considerably later.
Nicolson and Burn also go straight from Welshman in
1639 to George Buchanan in 1661.* Much of interest,
however, intervenes as will appear from what follows.
It would seem that at this time Stanwix and Crosby-on-
Eden were united.
1. Vide p. 606.
2. Vide p. 200.
3. Vide p. 624.
4. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 455
Stanwix 1 9 1
Thomas Turner, 1653—1657.
His order for Augmentation reads thus : —
30 Junij '54.
Tho. Turner
The like ordr for Mr. Tho. Turner of Stanwix & Crosby in ye
County of Cumb. upon an ordr. from ye Comrs. for Approbacon &c.
27 Junij '54 directed to Cumberland.*
Similarly the following : —
Stannix
Crosby June 1, 1658.
Whereas it appeares to these Trustees that Mr. Thomas Turner, late
Ministr. of Stannix, Crosby, in the County of Cumberland hath
receeved the revenue profitts of the p'misses for the yeare 1657
according to the order of the Comrs. for p'pagacon of the Gospell in
the foure Northerne Counties It is ordered that upon the said Mr.
Turner his payment of soe much money as the reserved rent formerly
due out of the p'misses to the Dean and Chapter of Carlisle did
amount unto for one yeare that the residue of ye sd profitts be allowed
unto him accordingly and that Mr. Edmund Branthwaite Recr. doe
allow the same accordingly
Jo. Thorowgood Ri Sydenham George Cowper Jo Pocock Ri. Yong.^
Thomas Turner removed to Torpenhow and was after-
wards ejected there. ^
In April, 1656, Thomas Turner, Schoolmaster of Carlisle,
appears along with other petitioners on behalf of Isaac
TuUie; and, about 1652, a person of this name was
Schoolmaster at Kirkby Lonsdale; while Thomas Turner,
" Preacher of the Word," signs the Baxter Letter in
1653. * Whether it is the same individual throughout
has not been ascertained. The union of the two Parishes
was of short duration, and John Collier was appointed to
Crosby, ^ while Joseph Nicolson came to Stanwix.
Joseph Nicolson, M.A., 1658—1660.
He had previously been at Great Orton, Thursby, and
Plumbland.^ The following documents set the story of
1. S. P. Dom. Inter. G. 22 (Record Office).
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 995.
3. Vide p. 581.
4. Vide pp. 89, 933.
5. Vide p. 201.
6. Vide pp. 230, 533, 584.
192 The Ejected of 1662
the relations between these two Parishes in their true
light, and they are an interesting commentary upon
Walker's statement about Joseph Nicolson's Sequestration
from Plumbland : —
Stannix.
To the Comrs. &c. the true and undoubted Patrons of the vicarage
of the pish Church of Stannix in the County of Cumberland now
become void by the death of the last Incumbent or any other wayes
howsoever Have nominated & presented and by these presents doe
nominate and psent Joseph Nicholson Minister of the word to the
said vicarage praying &c. appurtenances thereof which we doe hereby
upon ye admission graunt unto him and that it please you to doe all
other thinges requisite and necessary to be done by you in this
behalfe. In witnes whereof wee have hereunto sett or. handes and
Seales the ffourth day of November in the yeare &c. one thousand
Six hundred ffifty and eight. Jo. Thorowgood Ra. Hall Jo Humfrey
Jo Pocock Richard Yong.^
Stannix Nov. 4, 1658.
Ffor the better incouragemt. of Mr. John [Joseph] Nicholson in
the discharge of ye duty of Minister of Stannix in the County of
Cumberland and that hee may likewise officiate to the parishioners
of Crosby in the said County neare adjoyning to the said Parish for
inquiry concerning the Union whereof a Comission is this day
directed to bee held. And that the said Mr. Nicholson may not bee
destitute of Maintennce till the said Union bee effected as aforesaid
It is ordered that upon his officiating as aforesaid till the 25th day
of March next. The sume of thirty poundes bee paid unto him out
of the rents and profitts of tithes arising within the said parish and
lately come into the possion of these Trustees by expiration of the
lease thereof. And that Mr. Edmund Branthwayte Recr. doe pay
the same accordingly. Jo. Thorowgood Ra. Hall Jo. Humfrey Ri.
Yong Jo. Pocock Edw. Cressett. 2
Stannix in ye
County of Cumberland.
Joseph Nicholson CI. admitted the 25th day of ffebruary 1658 to
ye V. of Stannix in ye County of Cumbland Upon a Pres. exhibited
ye tenth day of November 1658 from the Trustees for maintenance
of Ministers And Certificates from Rich. Gilpin Tim. Tullye Chr.
Mattenson John Harrison Roger Baldwyn Jo. Myriell Comfort
Starre.3
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 983.
2. Ibid., 995.
3. Ibid., 999.
Stanwix 193
Stanwix
d.d. [delivered] December 23, 1659.
6 Mar.
Whereas ye vicarage of ye psh Church of Stanwix in ye County
of Cumberland exceedeth not the yearly value of twenty pounds the
Leases of ye Impropriate tithes of Stanwix aforesd and of Stanton
and Houghton and of Rickerby both in the said psh of Stanwix and
all pcell of ye possions of ye late Deane and Chapter of Carlisle are
lately expired It is ordered that the yearly Sume of twenty pounds
being the rent reserved upon the Lease let by these Trustees of ye
sd tithes of Stanwix the further yearly sume of fforty pounds being
the rent reserved upon ye Lease of ye tithes of Stanton and Houghton
and ye further yearly Sume of twenty pounds out of ye rents &
profitts of ye tithes of Rickerby amounting in all to the yearly sume
of ffourscore pounds be granted to & for increase of ye maintennce
of such godly and painefuU preachers of ye Gospell as shall be from time
to time duely setled Ministrs. of ye sd psh Church approved as by
authority of parliamt. is directed and that the same be paid to Mr.
Joseph Nicholson p'sent Minister of Stanwix aforesd of whose godly
Conversacon ability & fitnes for ye sd place these Trustees have
reed, good testimony to hold from the 25th. day of March last for
such time as he shall continue faithfully to discharge the duty of ye
Ministr. of ye sd place And that Mr. Edmond Branthwayte Recr.
doe pay the same unto the said Mr. Nicholson accordingly And it is
further ordered that upon setting out soe much tithes in kind as will
make up the said vicarage lOOli a year due course shall be taken for
annexing thereof according to the Act of Parliamnt in that behalfe.
And it is further ordered that ye sd Mr. Nicholson doe pay out of
the first money he shall receive of ye sd Augmentacon the sume of
ten pounds unto Mr. John Collier Minister at Crosby in ye sd County
of Cumberland Graunted unto him by ordr. of ye 9th. of March 1658
& hitherto unpaid unto him & that ye said Mr. Branthwayte doe
therefore forbeare paymt. of ye sd ten pounds unto ye sd Mr. Collier
notwithstanding the direction of ye sd ordr. of ye 9th. of March 1658
unlesse by ye award of Mr. Craistr. and Mr. Briscoe persons indefer-
ently chosen for that purpose it shall be agreed on.
Jo. Thorowgood Wm. Steele Ri. Yong Jo. Pocock Wm. Skinner
George Cowper.'
At the Restoration Joseph Nicolson returned to Plnmb-
land.- The St. Mary's Registers give the baptism of a
1. Lambeth MSS. {Plund. Min.), 987.
2. Vide p. 589.
194 The Ejected of 1662
daughter during the period of his residence in this neigh-
bourhood : —
Richardgate — Mary ye daughter of Joseph Nicholson clerke ye
9 June 1658.
George Buchanan, M.A., 1661 — 1665.
He was the Sequestered Vicar of Kirkby Lonsdale ^ -and
was collated to Stanwix by Bishop Sterne, April 24th,
1661. His Petition for the Prebendship of the Fourth
Stall, in June, 1660, was successful.- He is returned as
one of the clerks of Convocation along with Edmund
Mauleverer, of Crosby Garrett, June 8th, 1661. ^ On
December 8th, 1664, there was granted to him and his
wife "Nicolas" the lease of Caldewstones for a term of
twenty one years. At his instance absolution from the
sentence of excommunication was given to Leonard Mil-
burn, July 20th, 1665 ; and to Edward Langhorn " de
Hauxdale," August 24th of the same year.* Dr. Todd
states that he was collated in 1660, and instituted April
24th, 1661 ; also that at his death, which, he says, took
place in 1664, he " gave 51i to ye Parish, the Interest of
wch is to be given to a Schoolmaster as ye Vicar shall
order." He adds : " Miss Nicholson has ye Money in her
hands." ^ In the Registers of St. Mary's Church are the
burial entries of himself and wife, thus : —
1665 December. Abbey Geo. Buchanan prbend in Ecclia ye 2d
buried.
1668, Septemb Nicholas Buchanan buried ye 3d daie.
Henry Marshall, M.A., 1666—1667.
He was collated March 31st, 1666, by Bishop Rainbow,
and was Chancellor as well as Prebendary. Jefferson
says that the year after his collation he was " murdered
at Stanwix, while standing at his own door and was
1. Vide p. 1011.
2. Vide p. 178.
3. Episcopal Registers.
4. Ibid.
5. Book of Accounts.
Stanwix 195
interred in the cathedral."^ Dr. Smith, in his letter to
Daniel Fleming, December 21st, 1666, repeats the story
of his fall down stairs, stating that his skull was " so
broke, yt he died of it the next day, having never spoken
after it."^ He continued to hold the Crosthwaite living
along with his other preferments,^
Jeremiah Nelson, M.A., 1667 — 1676.
He was collated on June 4th, 1667, by Bishop Rainbow,
whom he served as Chaplain, being also Prebendary of
Carlisle. He had previously been at Elsdon in Northum-
berland, his admission thereto being noted thus: —
Jeremiah Nelson M.A. admitted 4th of Dec. 1657 to Rectory ot
Eslesden in Northumberland.*
His Composition for First Fruits was about the same time
as the following indicates : —
December 1657.
Elsdon Jeremiah Nelson cl. Bound ye ffirst June 1658
Northumberland R. said Jeremiah Nelson & Edmund ffirst Dec. 1658
Nelson of ye Middle Temple ffirst June 1659
Lend, gent.5 ffirst Dec. 1659
xviijli
His life in that out of the way place was not uneventful.
Hence the subjoined: —
LXXXIX. Some persons uxkxowx. For a Burglary.
June 6. 1660. Jeremiah Nelson, Minister of Ellesdon, saith that on
May the 7th a litle before midnight, certain men broke into his
house, and came with swords and pistolls into the said house, and
shot off a pistoll, and did come into the lodging parlour where he and
his wife lyes, and did threaten him often that if he would not give
them his money presently they would kill him, and one of them said
often, "Kill Baal's Preist," and they took away a purse and bag and
money in it. 6
1. Hist, of Carlisle, p. 259.
2. The Flemings in Oxford, p. 163.
3. Vide under Crosthwaite (p. 657) where the story of his accident is
[ given.
4. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 998.
5. Composition Books (Record Office), vol. 22.
6. Depositions from York Castle (Surtees Soc, Vol. 40), p. 84.
196 The Ejected of 1662
[No date but Calendar gives 1665 (?).]
The Kings most Excellent Maty. The humble Peticon of Jeremiah
Nelson Gierke, Eector of Ellesdon in the County of Northumberland.
Humbly Sheweth
That your Peticoner being an old man above sixty yeares of age and
taken wth severall violent distempers, & Liveing above 24 miles
distant from any Phisitian or other helpe from his said Sicknesse, &
haveing always been Loyall and conformable to the Church of
England, he haveing suffered above the value of two thousand pounds
sterling by the late times of Rebellion, all wch being no more but
truth
Humbly prayes now in his old age his Maty will be pleased to grant
yor Peticonr yor Royall dispensacon to remove to use the best meanes
he may in ordr to his recovery, & that he may receive & enjoy the
benefitts belonging to the said Rectory, he takeing care, that the Cure
thereof shall be fully supplyed.
And yor Petr as in duty bound shall
pray for yor Maty.
Jer. Nelson.
Mr. Nelson's Petn for
Non Residence (Dr. Basire).^
Old as he was, lie sought and obtained a dispensation to
hold Stanwix along with his other preferment, as appears
from the following : —
Jeremy Nelson M.A. Chaplain to Guy Bp. of BristoU despensn to
hold with the Vicarage of Stanwix in Diocesse of Carlisle & County of
Cumberld the Vicarage of Corbride in Diocesse & County of Durham.
Winder June 4th 1674.='
In the St. Mary's Registers, Carlisle, occur these entries :
1671-2 Abbey within, ffrances ye daughter of Mr. Jeremiah Nelson
ye same day [ffeb. 27].
1673 July Abbey gate John ye Sonne of Mr. Jeremiah Nelson bapt.
ye last day.
1676 Abbeygate Mary daughter of Mr. Jeremiah Nelson bapt.
the 7th daie [July].
He resigned in 1676. Bishop Nicolson in his Diary II
under date June 21st, 1685, says : " Mr. Nelson bury'd at '
1. S. P. Dom. Car. ii, vol. 142, pt. ii, p. 169.
2. S. P. Dom. Entry Book, 27.
Stanwix 197
evening prayer. Mr. Nicols proffer'd to preach. "^ He
was exceedingly active against the Quakers. ^
John Tomlinson, M.A., 1676—1685.
A graduate of Glasgow University, incorporated at
Magdalen College, Cambridge, and at Oxford, July 11th,
1676.^ He was ordained Deacon, September 24th, 1671,
Priest, September 21st, 1673, and was collated August
30th, 1676, " per cession " of Jeremiah Nelson. There
was a John Tomlinson, son of E-ichard Tomlinson of
Dalton-in-Furness, who went from Sedbergh School to
St. John's College, Cambridge, in 1653, being eighteen
years of age at the time of entering. He was elected
Fellow in 1656.^ John Tomlinson, the Stanwix Yicar
died in 1685.
Hugh Todd, M.A., D.D., 1685—1688.
He was collated, by Bishop Thomas Smith, October
2nd, 1685, and resigned February 23rd, 1688, " ex mero
motu." Previously he had been at Kirkland and sub-
sequently became Rector of Arthuret and Vicar of
Penrith. ^
Nathaniel Spooner, M.A., 1688 — 1703.
Previously at Cliburn, and for some time held the
living at Kirkland ^ along with that of Stanwix. His
wife was Elizabeth, Bishop Nicolson's sister. The following
entries appear in the St. Mary's Registers : —
Baptism Abbey — Mary the daughter of Mr. Nath. Spooner ye 3d of
October 1701.
Burials
March 1696-7. Abbey Jos. ye son of Mr. Nath. Spooner ye 10th dale.
Abbey Mrs. Eliz. Spooner buried ye 3d daie Novr 1698. 7
1. Trans. (N. S.), vol i, p. 31.
2. Besse's Sufferings of the Quakers, vol. i, p. 133.
3. AI. Ox.
4. Sedbergh School Register, by B. Wilson, p. 83.
5. Vide pp. 306, 436.
6. Vide 398, 1244.
7. This cannot of course be his wife, because she survived him and in
July, 1705, married E. Carlile.
198 The Ejected of 1662
In his Diary, under date July 16th, 1702, Bishop Nicolson
My brother Spooner went to Stanwix-church (ye first time since
Xtmas last) and marry'd a couple ; returning in pretty good health, i
He died in 1703. In the Edinburgh University list of
graduates appears the following: —
July 25. 1612. Nicolaus Spoonerius, Minister Verbi Anglus.2
Whether he was a relative has not been ascertained.
George Fleming, M.A., D.D., 1703—1705.
He was collated by Bishop Nicolson, August 2nd, 1703,
and resigned March 25th, 1705. Subsequently he was
elevated to the Episcopal throne. ^ The Registers of St.
Mary's Church contain the following : —
1708 Marriage fhrth Street Mr. Geo. Fleming and Mrs. Cath.
Jefferson Oct. ye 25th.'
Rose Castle Sir George Fleming Bartt Lord Bishop of Carlisle
Buried ye 7 of July 1747.
Thomas Benson, M.A., D.D., 1705—1727.
He was collated March 28th, 1705, by Bishop Nicolson,
whom he served as Chaplain; and later became
Prebendary of the Third Stall. He was the son of Thomas
Benson of Cockermouth and probably grandson of George
Benson, the Ejected Minister of Bridekirk. ^ He matricu-
lated Queen's College, Oxford, April 3rd, 1696, at the age
of seventeen, took his B.A. in 1699, M.A. in 1702, and
became D.D. July 5th, 1716.^ He married Mary, the
Bishop's eldest daughter; and to his Stanwix living
added Dalston in October, 1714. He died in 1727, and
by his Will " left the sum of £50 to the Parishes of
Stanwix and Dalston." ''
1. Trans. (N. S.), vol. ii, p. 172.
2. Cal. of Edinburgh Graduates (Bannatyne Club).
3. Vide pp. 382, &c.
4. Bishop Nicolson says the 28th and speaks of her as "Cous. Cath.
Jefferson." Trans. (N. S.), vol. iv, p. 41.
5. Vide p. 712.
6. Al. Ox.
7. Jefferson's Hist, of Carlisle, p. -io5.
III. CROSBY-ON-EDEN.
This Parish, often appearing simply as Crosby, as
indicated in the previous section, adjoins Stanwix; and
for some time the two livings were united in the same
person. The Church is dedicated to St. John the
Evangelist. Writing in 1703, Bishop IS^icolson says: —
The Register-Book (if it may be call'd so) is most scandalous ; being
loose, in paper, and of no Age. It looks like all the rest that's under
the care of Mr. Bowey, the present vicar ; who is an unhappy Manager
of all his Concerns.'
A new book was obtained shortly afterwards, possibly as
the result of the Bishop's visit; and Henry Pearson,
Parish Clerk, and " Ludimagister de Crosby," acted as
E-egistrar. He was fond of disporting his Latin, not by
any means always accurate; but the writing is like
copper-plate. On the inside page of the cover is the
following : —
This Register Booke was bought at Carlisle ye second day of May
in ye year of our Lord god 1704 at ye Cost of ye pish of Crosby By
Chrefor Wannop Roger Linton John Teasdaile and John Dalton,
Allison John, old Churchwardens ye price was Six shillings Three
pence p. me Henrie Pearson.
This is followed by two baptisms, one in 1649 being that
of "Henricus Pearson" himself " fillius Jacobi." Others
promiscuously inserted as to date succeed; but they are
few in number. The entries are continuous from 1693,
which may be regarded as the proper date for the Regis-
ters. The following is a list of Incumbents: —
L Miscel., p. 106.
200 The Ejected of 1662
Thomas Wilson, 1585,
He was collated by Bishop Meye in 1585.
Foster gives several persons of this name,^ but no one
is identified with the Crosby Vicar.
Thomas Shaw, 1612.
He was collated May 20, 1612, by Bishop Robinson.
Thomas Milburn, 1627.
He was ordained Priest December 14, 1623 ; and collated
by Bishop White June 18, 1627. The Institution Books,
for some reason or other, give a second collation on June
26th of that year.^ Probably he was the person of that
name who appears at Cumwhitton in 1624.^
Richard Welshman, 1635 — 1639.
He was collated by Bishop Potter November 13, 1635;
and ceded in 1639 on his acceptance of the living at
Stanwix.*
William Hodgson, B.A., 1639.
He was ordained Deacon and Priest June 11, 1620, being
collated to Crosby by Bishop Potter October 5, 1639.
Foster gives the following under this name : — " Of Yorks
pleb. Merton College, matric. 15 Dec. 1615, aged 22; B.A.
24 Oct. 1616 : one of these names vicar of Crosby-on-Eden,
1. Al. Ox.
2. It may be well to state here once for all that slight discrepancies in
the dates of Institution frequently occur between the Episcopal Register
and, in the case of the Chester Diocese, the Act Books, the Institution
Books, and the Parish Registers. For the comfort of the reader, however,
it may be added that generally the discrepancies are very "slight," being
represented by a few days, or at most a month or two. I have followed
the authority in each case which seemed most likely.
3. Vide p. 271 : also Institution Books and Episcopal Register.
4. Vide p. 190.
Crosby-on-Eden 201
Cumberland, 1639." ^ Nicolson and Burn have a gap
from this point to 1661. ^ This, however, we are able to
fill up by the aid of the Lambeth MSS. as follows : —
Thomas Turner, 1653—1657.
He was also at Stanwix and subsequently at Torpenhow.^
Joseph Nicolson, M.A., 1658.
He held this along with Stanwix for a brief time.*
John Collier or Collyer, B.A., 1658 — 1661 (?).
Under this name Foster has the following particulars :
" Of Cumberland, pleb. Queen's Coll. matric. 28 April
1615, aged 17: B.A. from St. Mary Hall 12 May 1617;
one of these names ejected from the vicarage of Crosby,
Cumberland, in 1662, under the act of uniformity." ^
He was ordained Deacon December 22, 1622,^ and is given
as B.A., Chester Diocese, but where his ministry was
exercised up to this date we have no means of knowing.
The following deal with his appointment and Augmenta-
tion : —
Crosby. March 3rd. 1657.
Mr. Wood informing that the Lease of the tithes of Crosby in the
County of Cumberland is expired The Trustees doe appoint to treate
for the said tithes on the sixth day of May next whereof the Receever
of Cumberland is to take notice & to inquire & certify according to
former ordr. in that behalf e.'
Crosby. ffebr. 15. 1658.
Ordered yt Mr. Craister bee desired to meet with these Trustees on
the seaventeenth instant when they doe appoint to take the peticon of
Mr. Collier Minister at Crosby this day read into further Considera-
tion."
1. Al. Ox.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 457.
3. Vide pp. 191, 581.
4. Vide p. 191.
5. Al. Ox.
6. Episcopal Register.
7. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 980.
8. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 980.
202 The Ejected of 1662
Fryday 17 Februarij 1658.
Crosby &
Stannix.
Mr Craister Saith there is no possibilitie of uniting, 3 miles distant
ye people of Crosby from Stannix.
peticon for John Collier, psent him to Crosby.
Mr. Craister Saith he will undertake that Mr. Collier shall accept
of 40li a yeare & not insist upon the union of ye tithes.'
Friday 25. Februarij, 1658.
Stannix &
Crosby.
yt Mr. Briscoe & Mr — bee desired to bee with ye Trustees on
Monday Sennight abt yse [these] peticons."
Monday ye 7 of March 1658.
Crosby.
Jo. Collier settled 40li a yeare when admitted.*
Crosby. March 7. 1658.
Ordered yt upon Admission of Mr. John Collier psented to the
Vicarage of Crosby in ye County of Cumberland the yearely summe
of fforty poundes bee setled upon him for increase of his maintence
out of the rents & pfitts of the tithes of Crosby aforesd in ye posses-
sion of these Trustees.
Jo Thorowgood Edw Cressett Ra Hall Jo Pocock Ei Yong.4
Crosby. March 9. 1658.
Whereas these Trustees ye 4th. of November 1658 granted ye sume
of Thirty poundes to be paid to Mr. Joseph Nicholson for discharge
of ye duty of the Ministr. of Stannix in ye County of Cumberland and
likewise yt. he might officiate to ye parishioners of Crosby in ye said
County till the 25th of March next. Now for yt the sd parishes cannot
be united and Mr. John Collier p'sent vicar of Crosby aforesd hath
oflBciated there ever since ye 25th of December last and not the sd
Mr. Nicholson It is ordered therefore that the sume of ten pounds
parcell of ye thirty poundes graunted unto the sd Mr. Nicholson bee
paid unto ye sd Mr. Collier And yt. Mr. Edmund Branthwaite Recr.
by whom ye sd thirty pounds is payable doe pay ye same unto him
accordingly.
Jo. Thorowgood Ra. Hall Jo. Poccock Ri. Sydenham Ri. Yong. 5
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 1003.
2. Ihid., 1003.
3. Ihid., 1003.
4. Ibid., 989.
5. Ibid., 995.
Crosby-on-Eden 203
To the Commissioners for Approbacon of publique Preachers and all
others whom it may concerne Wee William Steele Lord Chanceir of
Ireland Sr. John Thorowgood of Kensington Knt. George Cowper
Richard Yong John Pococke, Ralf Hall, Richard Sydenham John
Humfrey and Edward Cressett Esqrs. Trustees by Severall Acts of
parliamt for niaintennce of Ministers the true & undoubted Patrons of
the Vicarage of the Parish Church of Crosby in the County of
Cumberland now become void by the relinquishment of the last
Incumbent or by any other ways whatsoever Have nominated and
presented and by these psents doe nominate & psent John Collier
Minister of the word to the said vicarage Desiring that the said John
Collier may be admitted to & settled in the said vicarage and vested
with all the Rights members and appurtennces thereof which we do©
hereby upon your admission graunt unto him and that it would please
you to doe all other thinges requisite and necessary to be done (in this
behalfe) by you. Given under our handes and seales the Seavententh
day of ffebruary in the yeare according to the Computacon used in
England One Thousand Six hundred fifty and Eight, 1658.
John Thorowgood Ra. Hall John Humfrey George Cowper Jo Pococke.
[Endorsed behind thus] : Crosby in Cumberland March 4th. '58
Aprill 13th, '59.1
Crosby in Ye
County of Cumberland.
John Collyer CI. Admitted the 13th. day of April 1659 to the V. of
Crosby in the County of Cumberland. Upon a pres. exhibited the
4th. day of March 1658, from the Trustees for maintennce of INIinisters
the patrons. And Certificates from Tho. Sewell Tho. Crayster Cuth.
Studholme Tho. Langhorne Jo. Cocke Jos. Nicholson of Stannix Sim.
Atkinson of Lazonby. 2
Crosby.
April 14. 1659.
Know all men by these psents yt ye 4th. of March 1658 there was
exhibited to the Comrs. for Approbacon of publique preachers a
Presentacon of John Collier CI. to the viccarage of Crosby in the
County of Cumberland made to him by the Trustees for maintennce of
Ministers, together &c. Dated at Whitehall the 13th day of Aprill
1659.3 Jo. Nye, Regr.
Crosby.
April 14, 1659.
Upon due consideracon had of the value of the Vicarage of Crosby
in ye County of Cumberland being seaven pounds a yeare It is
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 946.
2. Ihid., 999.
3. Ihid., 968.
204 The Ejected of 1662
ordered that the yearely Sume of fforty pounds be Annexed to ye
Vicarage of Crosby aforesd out of the rents and pfitts of ye tithes of
ye Rectory of Crosby aforesd parcel! of ye possions of the late Bpp.
of Carlisle the Lease whereof being lately expired came into the
possion of these Trustees & is now let by them at the yearly rent of
two & thirty pounds And that the said fforty pounds a yeare be from
time to time paid unto Mr. John Collier admitted to ye Vicarage of
Crosby aforesd by ye Comrs. for Approbacon of publique preachrs.
the 13th day of April instant to hold for such time as he shall con-
tinue to discharge the duty of ye Minr. of ye sd place or further order
And that Mr. Edmund Branthwayte Recr. doe pay the same
accordingly to be accounted from the 25th day of March last out of
the aforesd tithes and other the tithes ariseing within the sd parish.
John Thorowgood Edw. Cressett Ra Hall Ri Yong Jo. Humfrey. i
Stannix and
Crosby. ffebr. 17. 1659.
Whereas these Trustees supposing there might be a union of ye
pishes of Stannix and Crosby in ye County of Cumberland being
neare adjoyning to each other and by ordr. of ye 4th. of November
1658 Graunted ye sume of thirty pounds unto Mr. John [Joseph]
Nicholson Minister of Stannix aforesd to oflBciate at ye parish of
Stannix and preach to ye p'shionrs. of Crosby till ye 25th of March
1659 [1658-9] ffor yt it appeares ye said pshes could not fitly be united
togeather and that Mr. John Collier then vicar of Crosby had
officiated there ever since the 25th of December 1658 these Trustees
by ordr. of ye ninth of March 1658 [1658-9] ordered yt ye siune of ten
pounds pcell of ye sd thirty pounds should be paid to ye sd Mr.
Collier wch. it seemeth is not as yet paid unto him. It is ordered
that it be referred to Mr. Craister and Mr. Briscoe to award how
much of ye sd ten pounds and how the same may be paid to the said
Mr. Collier and fully to accomodate the business betweene ye sd Mr.
Nicholson and Mr. Collier according to their judgement and discretion.
J. Thorowgood Wm. Steele Ri Yong Jo. Pocock. 2
Calamy and Palmer give John Collier a place in their
list of Ejected Ministers; but they mention his name
only. ^ "What became of him is not known. A person of
this name compounded for his First Fruits in 1672 at
Gluvias Budocke, Cornwall.
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 987.
2. Ibid., 989.
3. Calamy's vol. ii, p. 159 : Non. Mem. (Ed. 1802), vol. i, p. 385.
Crosby-on-Eden 205
John Theakston, B.A., 1661 — 1666.
Letters dismissory were granted to John Theakston,
B.A., February 23, 1660-1 ; and on October 8, 1661, he was
collated by Bishop Sterne. He appears also at Irthing-
ton ^ in that year. Xicolson and Burn say that he died
in 1666.2
Philip Fielding, M.A., 1666 — 1670.
He had succeeded ]S^athaniel Burnand at Brampton,^
and was collated to Crosby on September 16, 1666, by
Bishop Rainbow. He was a Pluralist on a large scale,
having Irthington as well as Brampton and Crosby. * His
Curate at Crosby was Thomas Milburn, who signs the
Transcripts as such in 1667. There is also the following
baptismal entry : —
1668 Johnes fil Thomae Milburn Cur. de Crosby baptizatus erat
25th day of November.
Milburn's license to teach School and read prayers at
Irthington and " Crosby super Eden " bears date 1663. ^
The latter was ordained Deacon September 24, 1671, and
may have been the person of that name who was at Farlam
in 1700.^ Possibly he was a connection of Thomas
Milburn who held the living at Crosby in 1627.
Philip Fielding resigned the Crosby living in 1670.
Egbert Hume, M.A., 1670—1680.
He graduated M.A. at Edinburgh April 15, 1645; and
was ordained Deacon September 25, 1670, Priest Septem-
ber 24, 1671, being collated to Crosby-on-Eden by Bishop
Rainbow August 13, 1672, on the resignation of Philip
1. Vide p. 284.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 457.
3. Vide p. 260.
4. Vide p. 284.
5. Episcopal Register.
6. Vide p. 277.
2o6
The Ejected of 1662
Fielding. He was subsequently at Lazonby and Aspatria.*
The Transcripts give the following : —
1675 Georgius filius Roberti Hume vicarij de Crosby baptizatus erat 7
Decembris
Nathaniel Bowey, 1680 — 1713.
He was collated by Bishop Hainbow August 26, 1680,
and held the Scaleby living in conjunction with Crosby.
In the St. Mary's Registers, Carlisle, appear the follow-
ing, which may refer to him and his wife : —
Baptism, Castlegate, Thomas ye Sonne of Nathaniel Bowey ye 27th
day Dec. 1682.
Burial paternoster row, Mrs. Bowey the i6 of December 1717.
The Crosby Registers note his own burial thus : —
Mar. ye
12 day.
Nathaniel Bowey Vicarius de pochia de Crosby super eden
Sepultus erat vicessimo secundo die Marchij Anno Domj 1712-3.
1. Vide pp. 326, 646.
IV. WETHEEAL AND WAEWICK.
Wetheral is about five miles east of Carlisle. The
Church is dedicated to the Holy Trinity, and is in succes-
sion to the ancient Wetheral Priory. The earliest Regis-
ters, an oblong volume, begin in 1674. They are in fair
condition, the writing is quite legible, and they are written
in from both ends. On the first page at one end is the
following : —
The yeare of our Lord God 1674 price iis.
Warwick is about two miles north of Wetheral. Its
Church is dedicated to St. Leonard. It has separate
Registers, the earliest volume being much like the one at
Wetheral. On the first page is written : —
Tho. Smith Curate of Warwick June ye 30. 1700.
Elsewhere, however, we have the following : —
The Register Book of Warwick since ye Entrance of Thomas
Nichols Curate,
the first entry being January 1, 1683-4.
In the early part of the 17tli Century the two places
had separate Ministers, but since Commonwealth days, at
least, they appear to have been joined together. No one
of the Historians makes any attempt at a list of Incum-
bents. The following names have been obtained : —
John Bellwood, 1618. ,
The following appears in Lord William Howard's
"Household Books ":--
Octob. 1618. To Mr. Bellwood Curate of Wetherall for one quarter
due at Michaelmas last past xxxs.
2o8 The Ejected of 1662
Under December 19 of the same year is another payment
of the same amount " for one quarter due at Christmas
next." He is further mentioned in a similar capacity
under June 17, 1619.1
There was a John Bellwood, probably the same person,
who was ordained " literatus," September 22, 1611. ^
William (.?) Alleson, 1618.
This name is given on the authority just cited, the
following passage appearing in the book : —
To Mr. Alleson Curate of Warthwick for one quarter due 18 of this
Octobr 1618 xxxs.
He appears repeatedly in the " Household Books "
■ under the names of "Alleson," "Allinson " and "Allyson,"
and was certainly here until April, 1622.^
William Allanson, possibly the same person, was
ordained Deacon, December 20, 1608, and Priest, Septem-
ber 22, 1611.*
Christopher Peile, M.A., 1621.
The following from the same source is our authority
for this name : —
25 of March 1620 Rec. of Rob. Stapleton xxxs and vli which was
paid to Mr. Peele as curate & preacher at Wetherall at our Lady day
last 1621 reckoned in my former booke pag. 65 Ao 1620 in toto
vjli XS.5
This would be Christopher Peile who was ordained
Deacon, June 15, 1616.^ He was instituted to Thursby
1. "The Household Books of Lord William Howard of Naworth Ca.stle,"
(Surtees Society, vol. 68, pp. 98 and 99.) This volume is invaluable and
will repay careful study.
2. Episcopal Register
3. Household Books, p. 181.
4. Episcopal Register.
5. Household books, p. 151.
6. Episcopal Register.
Wetheral and Warwick 209
in 1622,^ and appears to have kept the Wetheral Curacy
as well for some time, hence the following : —
Payd to Mr. Peele by my Lord for one half yeares pension for
preaching at Wetherall due to him 29 September 1624 vli. Paid for
serving the cure thear for one quarter due then xxxs. 2
Among the " rewards " is one " to a manne bringinge a
letter from Mr. Peele at Thursbye xijd [March, 1633-4] .'^^
Jo. Sewell, 1629.
The " Household Books " give this name thus : —
To Sr. Jo. Sewell Viker of Witherall, for one quarter's wages due
at Chrestenmas 1629 xxxs. 4
John Sewell was ordained Priest December 14, 1623.
He was here until, at least, October, 1634, when he
again received his salary of " xxxs." ^
James Pavtston, 1629.
We read in the " Household Books " : —
Januarie 18. To James Pawston Vicar of Warwicke, for one
quarter serving the cure at Warwicke, due the 18th of Januarie 1629
xxxs. 6
Robert Railton, 1630.
The same source supplies us with the following ; —
Septemb To Sr. Robert Raylton for one halfe yeare's pention for
preaching at Wetherall, due at Michelmas 1630 vli, more to him for
one quarter's wages for Servinge the Cure ther. xxxs. 7
1. Vide p. 532.
2. Household Books, p. 219.
3. Ihid., p. 316.
4. Ibid., p. 269.
5. Ibid., p. 340.
6. Ibid., p. 269.
7. Ibid., p. 269.
2IO The Ejected of 1662
The Commonwealth Survey for 1649 has the following :
Wetherall & Warwick, Chapel of Cumwhitton — Robert Railton a
preaching minister is ye p'sent Incumbent att the parish and church of
Wetherall.'
A " Robt, Haylton " was ordained Deacon September 22,
1611. 2
Christopher Matteson, B.A., 1655.
The following from Foster probably refers to him : —
" Mattinson, Christopher, pleb. Merton Coll. [Oxford]
matric. 5 June, 1651." ^ His appointment and Augmen-
tation are mentioned in the following documents : —
Wetherall &
Warwick.
Know all men by these psents that the first day of August in the
yeare one Thousand six hundred ffyfty and ffive there was exhibited
to the Comissionrs for Approbacon of publique Preachers an ordr of
ye Trustees for Maintennce of Minrs for ye settlemt of Mr Xfer
Mattison in ye Cure of ye pish Church of Wetherall & Warwick in ye
County of Cumberland together with a testimony in ye behalf e of ye
said Xfer Matteson of the holy & good conversacon upon p'usall &
due consideracon of ye p'mises and finding him to be a p'son qualified
as in & by ye Ordinance for such approbacon is required The Comrs
above menconed have adjudged & approved ye said Xfer Mattison to
be a fitt p'son to preach ye Gospell & have graunted him admission &
doe admitt ye said Xfer Mattison to ye Cure of Wetherall & Warwick
aforesaid to be full and pfect Possessor & Incumbent thereof. And
doe hereby Signifye to all Persons concerned herein That he is hereby
intituled to the p'fits and pquisitts & all Rights & dues incident and
belonging to ye said Cure as fully & effectually as if he had beene
instituted & inducted according to any such Lawes & Customes as
have in this case formerly beene made had or used in this Realme.
In Witness whereof they have caused ye Comon 8eale to be here-
unto affixed & ye Same to be attested by ye hand of ye Regr by his
Highnes in yt behalfe appointed.
Dated at Whitehall ye first day of August 1655.
Jo. Nye Regr. 4
1. Vide p. 1299.
2. Episcopal Register.
3. Al. Ox.
4. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min) 968.
"Wetheral and "Warwick
211
Know all men by these psents that
the first day of August in the yeare
One thousand six hundred ffifty and
five There was &c an
order of the Trustees for maintenance of
Ministers for ye settlement of Mr. Chrestopher
Mattinson in the Cure of the parish
Church of Wetherhall and Warwicke
in the County of Cumberland Together
with &c adjudged and approved
the said Christopher Mattinson to be
&c and doe admitt the said Christopher Mattinson
to the cure
of Wetherhall & Warwicke aforesaid to be
full and perfect possessor &c In
Witnesse &c Dated at Whitehall the
first day of August 1655.*
Wetherall & Order July
Warwicke. 24 1655.
Chr. Mattinson
Chr. Mattinson
cert, as aforsd
by
Roger Baldwin of
Penrith
John Mackmillaine
of Kainhalby
[Edenhall]
Jo. Jackson of
Hutton
Ran. Croxhall of
Kirklands
John ilartin of
Edington
John Davis of
Kirkoswald
Wm Hopkins of
Mellarby
Sim. Atkinson of
Lazonby
Edw. Winter.
Wetherall
& Aug. 13. 1655.
Warwick.
Whereas ye Curacy of ye pish Church of Wetherall & Warwick in
ye County of Cumberland is at pnt destitute of a Minister & ye Care
of pviding for ye Same is in these Trustees It is ordered yt Mr. Xfer
Mattinson (approved by ye Comtee for Approbacon of publique
preachers to be a pson fitt to preach ye Gospell) doe & he is hereby
authorised forthwith to officiate ye Cure of ye Said Church by diligent
preaching & instructing ye pishioners of ye said pish & yt he shall
have for his paines therein ye yearely sume of fifty poundes out of ye
rectory of Wetherall & Warwick aforesaid ye same to be accompted
from ye first of August instant & to be Continued unto him from time
to time for Such time as he shall discharge ye duty of ye Minister of
ye said place or till further ordr of ye said Trustees.
Jo. Thorowgood ; Jo. Humfrey ; Jo. Pocock; Ra. Hall ; Ri. Young.'
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 996. This document is abbreviated
but one in complete form will be found under Ireby (vide p. 560).
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 972.
2 12 The Ejected of 1662
Weatherall
&
Warwick.
To all whom these psents shall come Wee Sr John Thorowgood of
Kensington Knt Willm Steele Esq. Sergeant at Law, George Cowper,
William Skymoner Richard Yong John Pocock & other Trustees for
Maint«nnce of Ministrs Send Greeting
Whereas the Rectorie of ye parish Churches of Weatherall &
Warwick in the County of Cumberland p'cell of ye possion of ye late
Deane & Chapter of ye Cathedral Church of Carlisle are vested in
these Trustees upon whom the Care of providing for ye Ministr of ye
said parish Churches is incumbent & ye sd parishes are neare
adjoyning to each other & Mr. Chrestopher Matteson hath beene
undertaking to officiate to ye parishonrs of both ye said parishes
Wee doe hereby Constitute and approve the said Christopher Matteson
Ministr and Curate of the said parish Churches And doe authorise
him duely carefully and diligently to preach & instruct the pishonrs
of the said pishes from time to time as well in ye said parish Church
as otherwise and wee doe hereby give ordr & conferre upon him for
his said service all houses, salaries stipends pensons allowances dues
advantages pfitts & availes whatsoever to ye Ministr or Curate of
the said parish Churches belonging & of right accustomed to belong
& appertaine To hold for such time as he the said Christopher
Matteson shall Continue in the faithfull and constant pformance of
his said trust & charge Given undr our handes & Seales ye 4th day
of November in ye yeare according to the Computacon used in
England 1659
Jo. Thorowgood, Jo. Pocock, Geo. Cowper, Wm. Skymner,
Rich. Yong.^
r
Weatherall
& Nov. 10th. 1659.
Warwick.
Whereas ye Curacyes of ye parish Churches of Weatherall &
Warwick in ye County of Cumberland are at ye provision of these
Trustees in whom the appropriate Rectoryes & tithes of ye said
parishes parcell of ye possions of ye late Deane & Chapter of Carlisle
are now vested Ordered yt ye yearely Sume of one hundred poundes
be graunted out of ye Rents & profitts of ye tithes of the said
Rectories to & for the Salary & Maintennce of Mr. Chrestopher
Mattison heretofore entertained to preach the gospell in & this day
setled by these Trustees Ministr of the said parish Churches ye said
one hundred pounds a yeare to be accounted from ye xxix day of
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 983.
Wetheral and Warwick 213
September last & to hold for such time as he the said Mr. Mattison
shall continue faithfully to discharge ye duty of Ministr of ye said
parish Churches And that ]Mr. Edmund Branthwaite Recr doe allowe
the Same unto him accordingly abating out of ye same ten pts of
twelve of all publique taxes & charges issuing & payable out of ye
tithes of the said Rectories.
John Thorowgood Geo. Cowper Richard Yong Jo. Pocock Wm.
Skynner.*
What led to Christopher Matteson's removal is not
clear; but he was gone shortly afterwards, settling' in 1661
at Harrington and subsequently at Workington. 2
— Wilcox, 1660.
This name is inserted entirely on the authority of
Calamy,^ who prints " Wetherhall " against it. Palmer
repeats and adds " C," to indicate that it was a Curacy.
No information of any kind concerning him has been
discovered, and it must be admitted that the case is some-
what doubtful. Christopher Matteson was certainly at
Wetheral until near the end of 1659,* and though an
appointment after that date such as would lead to an
ejection is possible the probabilities are against it. It is
true that there is a gap of a few years after Matteson's
removal which I have so far been unable to fill in. The
name of Wilcox does not appear in Calamy's First Edition
(1702).
Richard Lowry, M.A., 1665,
The Episcopal Register states that on July 28, 1665, a
licentia prsedicandi " was granted to him; and that on
the same day he obtained a " licentia ad inserviendum
curse Rectoriae de Warwick et Wetheral." After about
I two years he removed to Crosthwaite. ^
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 987.
2. Vide pp. 789, 795.
3. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 159.
4. Vide p. 212.
6. Vide p. 657.
214 The Ejected ot 1662
John Dixon, 1670.
The Registers of St. Mary's, Carlisle, contain the
following : —
Burial 1670 July Castlegate Mr. John Dixon, Minister of Wetherall
ye 23.
Beyond this solitary fact nothing is known of him.
Egbert Railton, 1674.
This is inserted with some hesitation, the authority
being the Registers. The very first entry in the book,
which is exceedingly difficult to decipher, reads thus : —
1674 October (?) buried ye son of Mr. Kobt. Bailton Minister
of Weth .
In all probability he was a different person from the one
of that name previously given. Foster gives the follow-
ing respecting Robert Railton, son of William, of Carlisle,
who may have been a connection : — "Queen's Coll. matric.
14 July, 1691, aged 19; B.A. 1696, M.A. 1698, Yicar of
Marston, Oxon, 1705, and rector of Headley, Hants.
1717." 1
Gabriel Smallwood, M.A., 1681.
He was ordained Deacon September 21, 1673; and held
the Curacy for some time previous to his removal to St.
Lawrence, Appleby, 1681.^ Bishop Nicolson says: —
The Eegister-Book begins at Oct. 28, 1674, the former part of it
being all (as I guess) of the hand-writeing of Mr. Gabriel Smallwood,
some time Curate here.*
Thomas Nicols, 1684—1700.
Bishop Nicolson in his Diary, under date April 8, 1684,
says: — " Wetherall and Warwick given to T. Nichols,
Sebraha to M. Preston and petty canonry to Shepherd." *
1. Al. Ox.
2. Vide p. 1135.
3. Miscel., p. 51.
4. TranB. (N.S.), vol. i, p. 9.
Wetheral and Warwick 215
He was ordained Priest March 15, 1684-5. The Registers
note the burial of a son, Thomas, on February 26, 1687-8 ;
also the baptism of Mary, a daughter, December 13, 1688 ;
of John, a son, September 11, 1690; and of Elizabeth, a
daughter, June 19, 1693. Foster has the following which
may refer to him : —
Nicols Thomas S. Raughlin, of Carlisle, Cumberland, cler. Queen's
Coll. matric. 16 May 1678 aged 16 ; B.A. 9 Feby 1681-2.*
" Raughlin " is for " Rowland " Nicols, who was Yicar
of Aikton and Chancellor of the Diocese at the time.^
Thomas Nicols died in 1700. About the time of his
admission to Oxford he is described as " somwhat sickly." ^
Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, says that under a seat " on the
Floor of the Quire " is the following : —
" Here lyes the Body of Thomas Nicols lat
Minister in Weatheral Parish. Deceased
June 3. Anno, 1700. And T. N. his Son
Dyed Feb. 27. 1687." *
Thomas Smith, B.A., 1700.
He was licensed Curate here on June 27, 1700. The
Registers also give the following : —
The Regester of Wetherall Since the Entrance of Tho. Smith,
Curate, 1700.
Isaac Bikd, M.A., 1703—1713.
He was the son of William Bird of Glassonby, near
Kirkoswald, and went from Sedbergh School to St. John's
College, Cambridge, in 1693, being at the time 19 years of
age. He graduated B.A. in 1696.^ The following from
the Registers relate to him : —
The Regester of Wethrall Since ye entrance of Isaac Bird Curate
[March 25, 1703].
1703 Mr. Isaac Bird Curate & Mary Stannix Mar. Novbr ye 30th.
The Revd. Mr. Isaac Bird A.M. Curate of Wetherall & Warwick
buried Jan. 2, 1713.
1. Al. Ox.
2. Vide p. 636.
3. The Flemings in Oxford, p. 307.
4. Miscel., p. 49.
5. Sedbergh School Register, p. 105.
V. KIEKANDREWS-ON-EDET^.
The present Rector in a recent letter says : — " I am in
the somewhat unique position of having two Churches
and three Churchyards under my jurisdiction, for I am
now ofl&cially described as ' Rector of Kirkandrews with
Beaumont and Yicar of Grinsdale." Kirkandrews is
about four miles north west of Carlisle on the Silloth line.
Its Church, dedicated to St. Andrew, disappeared more
than two centuries ago. Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1703,
says : — " The Church here is quite Demolish'd" ; and he
recommends the Parishioners " to a compliance with the
men of Beaumont," in their request for assistance in
repairing their Church " rather than run the hazard
of being put upon the Expense of Repairing their own
Church." ^ The graveyard alone remains, and the Parish-
ioners still bury their dead in it. The Registers will be
noticed under Beaumont. The following is an imperfect
list of Incumbents up to 1692, since when the Rectories of
Kirkandrews and Beaumont " jointly have been presented
to by the house of Lowther." ^
Christopher Lowther, 1576 — 1587.
He was instituted on a Presentation by Queen Elizabeth
in 1576, and died in 1587. Possibly he had previously
been at Nether Denton.^
William Witton, 1587—1611.
He was collated, by lapse, by Bishop Meye, in 1587, and
died in 1611.
1. Miscel., p. 18.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 226.
3. Vide p. 274.
Kirkandrews-on-Eden 217
George Millikin, 1611.
He was instituted June 26, 1611, on a Presentation by
George Rumney.
Unfortunately a huge gap occurs here in Nicolson and
Burn, our only available authority, their next date being
1692, when the death of Eichard Wilson, Eector of Kirk-
andrews, took place. This is the date from which the
union of the two Rectories is reckoned. In all probability,
however, the union occurred much earlier. This will best
appear in dealing with Beaumont.
VI. BEAUMONT.
This place is only about half a mile north of Kirk-
andrews, and is situated on the south bank of the Eden.
Nicolson and Burn speak of it as a " town," standing upon
" a fair hill, from whence lieth every way a good prospect
which gave occasion to the name," " beautiful mount." ^
The Church is dedicated to St. Mary and serves for
Kirkandrews as well. Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, says : —
The Church is in as good Repair as could be expected ; but has
not a Letter on the Walls, Floor or Churchyard. The East Window
in ye Quire wants Glass. The Parishioners desire that those of
Kirk- Andrews may contribute to ye Repair of this Church ; since
they have none of their own, and come constantly hither.^
The Registers, which include those of Kirkandrews,
begin in 1692. They were recently rebound in one neat
volume at the expense of the present Rector. In the book
also are a few fragments in parchment, beginning with
1679, but mainly they are concerned with the Siddell
family, and probably were the work of a later hand. It
is, therefore, correct to say that the book begins with 1692.
Respecting a carefully made Transcript in 1819 we have
the following account : —
This book contains true and correct copies of Baptisms, Burials
and Marriages, belonging to the Parish of Beaumont in the County
of Cumberland and Diocese of Carlisle, beginning in the year of our
Lord 1692 and correctly copied from a very old Register Book com-
pletely tatter'd and torn to Pieces.
As Witness my Hand this first Day of January 1819.
Richard Burn Junr
Rector of Beaumont and
Kirkandrews.
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 223.
2. Miscel., p. 17.
Beaumont 219
The list of Incumbents is as follows : —
Henry Haselhead, 1562 — 1581.
He was instituted on a Presentation by Sir William
Dacre, " lord Dacre of Graystock & Gilsland." ^ He died
in 1581. There was a Hoger Haslehead at Croglin, 1582-
1611.2
Lancelot Wilson, 1581.
He was presented by Philip, Earl of Arundel.
Edwaed Johnston, 1611.
Nicolson and Burn say that he resigned in 1611.^ A
person of the name of Edward Johnson, M.A., appears at
Kirklinton in 1604. Possibly he was the same as the
Beaumont Rector; but he is said to have died in 1611.
Thomas Thomson, or Thompson, 1611 — 1615.
He was instituted October 22, 1611, on a Presentation
by Anne, " Countess dowager of Arundel." Foster has
the following: — "Of Cumberland pleb. Queen's Coll.
matric. 17 Oct. 1589, aged 15, B.A. 27, Jan. 1594-5, M.A.
4 July, 1598, B.D. 22 Feb. 1609-10; Supd. for licence to
preach 27 Feb. 1610-11; Minister of St. Thomas, Bristol,
perhaps rector of Beaumont, Cumberland, 1611, rector of
Montgomery 1613, and vicar of Llandyseil, Co. Mont-
gomery, 1616." * This can hardly be the same as the
Beaumont Rector, who died in 1615.
John Wilson, 1615.
He was instituted March 25, 1615, on the death of
Thomas Thompson, the same person presenting.^ Foster
gives among others of this name, John Wilson, as B.A.
from University College, Oxford, April 23, 1607, M.A.
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 225.
2. Vide p. 406.
3. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 225.
4. Al. Ox.
5. Episcopal Register.
2 20 The Ejected of 1662
July 10, 1612, and adds that " one of these names was
beneficed in Cumberland."^ There was a John Wilson at
Ainstable in 1616 and at Grasmere in 1620. ^
Thomas Eobinson or Robson, 1616 — 1625.
He was instituted March 24, 1616, being ordained
" literatus " on that day and Deacon in May, 1618.
ISTicolson and Burn give the name as " Robinson " ; but
the Institution Books have " Robson," the place being
entered as " Beaumonds als Beamont." He died in 1626.
Thomas Warwick, B.A., 1625.
He was ordained Deacon September 28, 1623, being
styled B.A. Nicolson and Burn say that the Presentation
was made by " a citizen of London (patron for that turn)" ;
but the Institution Books give the King, and " TJlt.
Novembris 1625" as the date. For an account of the
Warwick family see Brampton, etc. ^
Andrew Smith, 1634—1663.
He was instituted December 16, 1634, on a Presentation
by " Tho. Comes Arundell et Surrey" ; and Nicolson and
Burn say that he died in 1663. If that is correct there
was no disturbance here either by the Commonwealth or
the Restoration.
Patricius Hume, M.A., 1663—1678.
He was ordained Deacon August 17, 1662, and Priest
February 1, 1662-3, being instituted December 31, 1663,
on a Presentation from Elizabeth, Countess of Arundel.
He held the living of Burgh-by-Sands also part of this
time.* He compounded for his First Fruits in 1668.
Richard Wilson, 1679—1692.
Possibly Richard Wilson " de Irthington," who was
ordained Deacon September 20, 1668, and Priest, Septem-
1. Al. Ox.
2. Vide pp. 402, 1059.
3. Vide pp. 250, 1178.
4. Vide p. 224.
I
Beaumont 2 2 1
ber 25, 1670. He was instituted August 23, 1679, on a
Presentation by the Duke of Norfolk. He died in 1692.
Nicolson and Burn give him as Rector of Kirkandrews as
well. If so the two livings were united some time pre-
vious to 1692.
George Hume, 1692—1703.
He was ordained Deacon December 21, 1684, and insti-
tuted to " Beaumond & Kirkandr sup Eden " May 9, 1692,
on a Presentation by Sir John Lowther. He died in 1703,
the entry in the Registers being as follows : —
George Hume Rector of Beemont was Buryed May ye 12th 1703.
Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, says that he "lyes bury'd sub
Dio in ye Quire !" ^
Gabriel Trant, 1703—1705.
He was instituted June 23, 1703. Writing under date
June 29, 1703, Bishop Nicolson says : —
Mr. Gab. Trant (a Frenchman, and one of ye Masters at ye new
School of Lowther) instituted into both ; [i.e., Beaumont and Kirk-
andrews].*
Thomas Lev^thwaite, 1705 — 1762.
He was instituted on the 27th of September, 1705, on a
Presentation " vice comes Lonsdale," and held the two
livings until his death. He was Curate of Bowness in
1703.^ Bishop Nicolson, in his Diary under date Septem-
ber 23, 1704, says that he sought Priest's Orders but was
refused, " no warning being given to a sufficient number
of Priests to attend at ye Ordination." * The following
year, however, he passed for these Orders though
"hardly."^ His burial entry reads thus: —
1762. Dec. 9. The Revd. Mr. Thos. Lewthwaite buried.
1. Miscel., p. 18.
2. Ibid., p. 17.
3. Vide p. 605.
4. Trans. (N.S.), vol. ii, p. 208.
5. Ibid., vol. iii, p. 27.
2 22 The Ejected of 1662
The village ol Grinsdale is about two miles nearer
Carlisle and stretches along the southern bank of the
Eden. The Church here, dedicated to St. Kentigern, is
an old foundation, but it early fell into ruins. Bishop
Nicolson writes respecting it as follows in 1703 : —
The Church and Chancel both in Ruins ; nothing left but a good
handsome Stone-Table heretofore used for an Altar. Half of the
Church-yard seems also to have been carry'd off, by ye River Eden ;
against the further Encroachments of which the Parishioners have
now built a strong Stone-wall, to preserve their Dead from being
carry'd down the River. Burials are attended by Tho. Addison,
whose father (one of the Petty Canons of Carlile) was lately Curate
here ; And Mr. Appleby the Impropriator, gives him four Nobles
(antiently four Marks) yearly for so doeing. The Parishioners, on
Sundayes, attend Divine Service either at Carlile or Beaumont.^
About 1743 the Church was rebuilt by Joseph Dacre,
Esq., the impropriator, at his own expense, and practically
this is the building in existence to-day. Under the
Pluralities' Act it is held by the Rector of Kirkandrews.
The Registers do not date beyond the time of its being
rebuilt. In reference to the three Parishes Bishop
Nicolson, in 1703, says: —
They have a Tradition that the three little Neighbouring Churches
(of this Town, Beaumont and Grinsdale) were built by three Sisters ;
who, I must say, were not too generous in subsisting their Chaplains.
I rather think they have been (originally) small Oratories, supply'd
by ye Religious of Carlile. How ye Revenues of Grinsdale came into
Lay hands I know not : but they all pay prescriptions instead of
Tythes in kind.^
1. Miscel., p. 13.
2. Ibid, p. 18
\
VII. BUEGH-BY-SANDS.
This is a considerable village about five miles west of
Carlisle on the Silloth line. The Church is dedicated to
St. Michael. Its tower, massive and strong, was evidently
meant for purposes of asylum, in the troubled days of the
Border Wars. The Registers begin in 1653, the earliest
being a long, narrow volume of parchment. The follow-
ing appears in it : —
The Eegister booke of Burgh-by-Sands written in the yeare of
our Lord God 1653.
The first page is occupied with entries for 1653 and
1654; but there are only a few upon it. At the foot of
the page is " John Maison 1670." They are singularly
disappointing for our purpose; and the Historians are
equally so. In their list of Incumbents, Nicolson and
Burn leap from " Sir William Blane " in 1581 to Thomas
Story in 1681. The following is an imperfect list, but it
is the best yet issued : —
William Blane, 1581.
He was instituted by Bishop Meye " on a presentation
by two yeomen of the neighbourhood, proving their title
from the grantees of the abbot and convent before the
dissolution." ^
For Thomas and Alan Blayne, of Aikton, the reader is
referred to the account of that place. ^
Robert Mathew, 1621.
He was instituted on September 1, 1621, on a Presenta-
tion by the King. The name is common in Foster's
" Oxford Alumni" ; but we know nothing further about
him.
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 221.
2. Vide p. 609.
2 24 The Ejected of 1662
The following document suggests a vacancy here in
1646: —
Att &c. November 11. Anno Dni 1646.
Cumberland. By vertue &c yearely sume of Twenty pounds bee
allowed & payd out of ye Impropriate Tythes of Cargoe & Stainton
in ye County of Cumberland wch are sequestered from ye Deane and
Chapter of Carlile to and for increase of ye maintenance of such
Minister as this Comittee shall approve of to officiate in ye pish
Church of Burgh by Sands in ye said County ye psent maintenance
belonging to ye said Church being but Twelve pounds p Annu And
ye Sequestrators of ye pmisses are required to allow and pay ye
same accordingly Att such tymes and seasons of ye yeare as ye said
Tythes shall grow due and payable.
Har. Grimston. 1
James Thompson, 1647.
The authority for this name is the following document,
which also informs us that the vacancy had been caused
by the death of the previous Incumbent : —
Sept. 21, 1647.
Brough by Sands.
Whereas the viccarage of the pish Church of Brough by Sands in
the Countie of Cumberland is void by death & the guift thereof is in
the Earl of Arundell delinquent It is ordered that James Thompson
a godlie & orthodox divine doe forthwith officiate the cure of the sd
Church as viccar & preach &c. 2
TherQ was a James Thomson at Moresby somewhat
later, ^ but whether the same individual has not been
ascertained. Nor is any other name forthcoming until
after the Restoration.
Patricius Hume, M.A., 1669.
He was collated December 8, 1669, by Bishop Rainbow
'per lapsum, and appears to have held Beaumont along
with this living. *
1. S. P. Dom. Inter., F. 1 (Record Office). Duplicated in the Bodleian
MS. 323.
2. Add. MSS. Brit. Mus., 15671.
3. Vide p. 806.
4. Vide p. 220.
Burgh-by-Sands 225
Thomas Story, 1681—1739/40.
He was instituted November 28, 1681, on a Presentation,
from the King, and probably belonged to a local family.
The following appears in the Registers : —
1709 Janet als Deny wife of Tho. Story Balief Burd. Sept. 15.
There are some other entries of a similar character.
Probably the "Balief," whatever the word may mean, was
a connection of the Rector. He was buried May 7, 1715.
Thomas Story held the living of Kirkbampton^ as well as
that of Burgh-by-Sands. Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, says
that " Mr. Story directed to divide his pains betwixt this
place [Burgh] and Bampton [Kirkbampton] three ptes
[parts] of ye year." In reference to Burgh he proceeds in
his usual caustic fashion : —
Oct. 19, 1703. In a former View of the Church at Burgh by
Sands, I could onely peep into it : But this day I took Kirk Bampton
in my way thither, and carry'd Mr. Story along with me. The Quire
is (as most of its Neighbours) long and nasty ; haveing no Ascent in
it ; Nor is the Communion-Table placed in the East End : but instead
of that, we have here a Seat or Pew newly erected by one of the
Impropriators. There are (in all) about Thirty of these : who have
the great Tithes among 'em : excepting onely a Twentieth part (worth
about lOli per An.) which belongs to the School at Dovenby. Some
of these Lay-parsons are Quakers : And they neither take ye Tithes
themselves, nor openly allow their partners to carry over their Shares.
Several of 'em were in the Church with me ; when I order'd the
Churchwardens to present them all (by name) for keeping the Chancel
in so scandalous a Condition. 2
The Quaker movement took deep root in this neighbour-
[hood. According to a return in 1747, there were 191
families in the Parish, of whom 28 were '" dissenters all
^Quakers" : ^ and Christopher Story, the distinguished
1. Vide p. 608.
2. Miscel., p. 15.
3. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 221.
2 26 The Ejected of 1662
Quaker preacher, belonged to these parts. In the Regis-
ters we have a note of Thomas Story's burial, thus : —
The Revd Mr. Ihos. Story Reeter of Kirkbampton 6 January
1739—40.
This entry is pencilled through, but the handwriting in
the Registers, which is the same from about 1695, changes
at this date. The Registers also supply the following : —
Jno Mayson of Burgh Batchelor Burd. Feb. 14, 1712.
Possibly this is the person referred to earlier and may
have been the Parish Clerk.
yill. GEEAT ORTON.
This place is about five miles south west of Carlisle.
The Church here, whose original dedication was to St.
Giles, is now dedicated to St. Kentigern. The earliest
Registers constitute a large parchment volume, parts of
which are dull and faded, but they are mostly legible.
Evidently the first two or three pages have gone. They
begin in 1568. The following is a list of Incumbents: —
Richard Place, 1578.
This is the date of his death, as the Registers indicate :
Anno Eeginae Elizabethae, 21. 1578 December Sr. Richard
Place person of Orton buried the xviiith of December then being
Monday.
In this year the Plague raged in the district, the Registers
being witness; and it is surmised that Richard Place,
after ministering to his people in their suffering, fell a
sacrifice to duty.
Leonard Lowther, 1578 — 1585.
" On the death of Sir Richard Place," write Nicolson
and Burn, " late rector of Orton, one caveat was entered,
in claim of the patronage, by Thomas Blenerhasset gen-
tleman ; and another by Marian relict of John Twentyman
late of Little Orton, to whom this avoidance had been
granted by Richard Blenerhasset of the city of Carlisle
esquire, who had married one of the coheirs of Sir Giles
Orton knight; and institution was given on this latter
claim to Mr. Leonard Lowther." ^ He resigned in 1585.
He was a Pluralist, and held Bowness in 1580, was at
Lowther in 1587, and Greystoke in 1597. ^
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 208.
2. Vide pp. 454, 600, 1234.
2 28 The Ejected of 1662
William Meye, M.A., 1585.
How long he remained here we have no means of know-
ing. In the list of Incumbents supplied by Nicolson and
Burn, no name is given after that of William Meye in
1585 until 1643, when they speak about " one Mr. Burton"
being here. It would appear that William Meye held the
living in Plurality with Cliburn for some time. ^ Foster
gives William May as B.A. from Catherine Hall, Cam-
bridge, 1585-6; M.A., Oxford, March 23, 1586-7; and
"perhaps Canon of Carlisle in 1595."-
WiLLiAM Denton, 1612.
This is a new name and is supplied by the Registers as
follows : —
Mr. William Denton Clarke buryed the 23d of December 1612.
Possibly he was a member of the Dentons of Warnell
Denton, Sebergham. Foster gives among his Oxford
Alumni, William Denton, B.A., vicar of Kirkby Moorside
in 1595.3
Nicholas Deane, B.A., 1623.
He was ordained Deacon December 22, 1622, and is
given as of the Chester Diocese. This also is a new name
furnished by the Registers from which the following have
been extracted : —
1623 Nicholas Deane & Elizabeth Bell married xxiiij Ap.
Katherine Deane dau. of Nicholas Deane Clerici bapt 7th day
November 1623.
Probably a connection of Nicholas Deane, Archdeacon of
Carlisle in 1604. Afterwards he became Rector of Nether
Denton.* Foster has the following respecting him: —
1. Vide p. 1242.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Ihid.
4. Vide p. 275.
Great Orton 229
" Of Cumberland, pleb. Queen's Coll. matric. 8 May, 1618,
aged 17; B.A. 6 July, 1620; rector of jS^etber Denton,
Cumberland, 1633." ^
EiCHAKD Fleming, M.A., 1626.
The authority for this also, a quite new name in this
connection, are the Registers. He is associated in them
with Richard Burton in 1626. At this place, however,
the Registers are much faded ; and it is extremely difficult
to decipher them. Richard Fleming appears at Cliburn
and Milburn in 1625— 1639. "^
EicHAKD Burton, 1626.
Nicolson and Burn bring him on the scene in 1643- when
he is named as a contributor to the Carlisle garrison.
He was, however, ordained Priest in May, 1618, and
instituted, on a Presentation by the King, on June 21,
1626. Richard Burton was a Pluralist holding, at least,
Dufton in addition to Great Orton. In 1647 the Commis-
sioners called upon him to choose which of the two livings
he would surrender and it would appear that he elected
to keep Dufton. A person of this name, who died in
1640, was Rector of Ormside and Long Marton. I imagine
he was the father of the Dufton and Great Orton Rector. ^
Unfortunately the Registers present a considerable
hiatus after the date above given, being represented from
1627 to 1665 by two miserable pieces of parchment, kept
very imperfectly. Isaac Tullie states that the amount of
Richard Burton's contribution to the Carlisle garrison
was £2 0 0, the date being 1644. As just intimated he
held the living after 1644 only a few years, but who
immediately succeeded him we do not know. The
following, however, suggests that the place was in the
possession of someone in 1657, but the name is not
given : —
1. Al. Ox.
2. Vide pp. 1161, 1243.
3. Vide pp. 1143, 1147, 1154.
230 The Ejected of 1662
Orton
July 23 Tuesday 9 March 1657.
1658.
Att the Councell at Whitehall
Whereas the Trustees for Maintenance of
Ministers have thought fitt That the yearly sume of ten pounds bee
graunted for increase of the Maintenance of the minr of Orton in
the Countie of Cumberland and have certified the same to his
Highnesse and the Councell for their Approbacon His Highnesse and
the Councell doe approve thereof and ordr that the same bee paid
accordingly
W. Jessop Clr of the
Councell i
Joseph IN'icolson, M.A., 1657.
It would appear that lie is the Minister referred to in
the preceding document. He joins in certifying for
Robert Hooper of Kirklinton and John Bell of Kirkbamp-
ton, in both cases being described as of Orton. -
The following relates to his Augmentation : —
Orton. October 28, 1658.
These Trustees having Graunted the yearely sume of Ten poundes
for increase of the maintennce of Mr. Joseph Nicholson Minister of
Orton in the County of Cumberland which is approved of by his
Highnes & Councell the ninth of March 1657 and the said place
having received noe fruit of the said Order, Ordered that the sume of
Seaven poundes be forthwith paid him in full Satisfaccon of the said
Order and that Mr. Lawrence Steele Trear [Treasurer] doe pay the
same accordingly.
Jo. Thorowgood Edw. Cressett Ea. Hall Jo. Humfrey, Jo. Pocock.3
Joseph Nicolson held at other times the livings at
Plumbland, Thursby and Stanwix, * and the reader is
particularly referred to Plumbland in connection with
this case.
It is singular that though Nicolson and Burn in their
account of Bishop Nicolson, state that his father, Joseph,
was Rector of Great Orton at the time of his distinguished
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 977.
2. Vide pp. 309, 607.
3. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 995.
4. Vide pp. 201, 533, 584.
Great Orton 231
son's birth, they do not insert him in their Incumbent
list for Great Orton. ^ They even repeat Walker's error
in saying that he was sequestered from Plumbland and
" during the usurpation lived retired at his maternal
inheritance at Park Brow [Broom] in the parish of
Stanwix." ^
John Bird, 1663.
This is the most interesting name in the series, though
it is not quite clear what happened in relation to him.
It is almost certain that he is the person of that name
who appears at Egremont, for whom George Larkham
preached on April 29, 1660.^ The Restoration would
lead to his displacement at Egremont by Isaac Antrobus,
the old Incumbent. It is probable that his appointment
to Great Orton afterwards was due to the Brisco influence,
the family being Puritan in their sympathies and Patrons
of the living. It was from this family that Richard
Gilpin obtained his wife. It would also seem that John
Bird made some sort of submission to Episcopal authority.
The Episcopal Register gives the following : —
Licentia praedicandi concessa Johi Bird presbyterio Eectori de
Orton. Decimo Octavo die mensis Augusti Anno Dni 1663.
It is, however, certain that he was deprived a little later,
for what reason is not stated, though judging from his
previous career it would be for some sort of Nonconfor-
mity. What became of him also is not known.
John Pearson or Pierson, M.A., 1665 — 1691.
He was instituted July 14, 1665, on a Presentation by
" William Briscoe Ar." Nicolson and Burn give John
Brisco as the Patron. The following from the Episcopal
Register among other things, makes clear the deprivation
of John Bird : —
Institutio of Mr. John Peirson M.A. July 14 1665 Ad
Rectoriam Eccliae poialis de Orton in Com. Cnmbriae nrae
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii., p. 293.
2. Ibid, p. 120.
3. Vide p. 827.
232 The Ejected of 1662
Carliol Dioeceseos modo p deprivacoem Johis Bird ult Incumbentis
ibm vacan. Ad quam p Gulielmum Brisco de Crofton Armigerum
ejusdem Rectoriae sive Eccliae poialis veru et indubitatu (ut asseritur)
patronum nobis p'ntatus.
John Pearson liad previously been at Brigham, where
he cultivated quite friendly relations with George Lark-
ham.^ In his Diary, Larkham says: —
June 2, 1660 I heard by John Pierson that King Charles came
into London, May 29th, being his birth day. Ah Lord, make him a
nursing father to thine Israel, 1 beseech Thee ; if it so please Thee.
Amen.^
The Orton Registers give the following : —
1667-8 Jan. 21. John Pearson son of Mr. John Pearson bapt.
Burial, 1691 May 12. Mr. John Pearson, Rector of Orton.
The following is a copy of a Terrier, supplied by the
present Rector, which was taken in John Pearson's time :
June 20, 1678. A perfect Terrier of ye glebe Land belonging to
the Rectory of Orton. Item One House and Garth. In the Crofts
3 Acres, in the Rood, 2 Acres in a place called Grayston Butts half
an acre — in a place called ye Shaw one Acre. Parson Thorne one
Acre — in a place called Organ Butts half an acre in a place called
West-half-acres one Acre — in a place called Ingland one acre — in a
place called Ship-coats one acre — in a place called crabtreedales one
acre — in ye Headriggs one Acre — in a place called Crossland one
Acre. Withn ye territories of Orton Rigg by estimation 2 Acres —
within ye fields of Woodhouses one Acre.
John Moore | churchwardens.
John Twentyman J
A person of this name appears at Hesket in 1659.^
Gawin Noble, 1691—1693.
He was instituted November 21, 1691, on the Presenta-
tion of " Willus Briscoe Ar." He had previously been
at Cockermouth.* His burial entry in the Registers is
given thus : —
Dec. 12, 1693, Mr. Gawen Noble rector of Orton bur.
1. Vide p. 754.
2. Lewis's Hist., p. 146.
3. Vide p. 328.
4. Vide p. 703.
Great Orton 233
BowLAxXD Noble, 1693— 1T09.
This was Gawin Noble's brother. The Episcopal
Register states that he was instituted Dec. 18, 1693. It
also intimates that he was licensed Assistant Master of
the Appleby Free Grammar School on Feb. 8, 1685/6
" owing to the sickness of Richard Jackson." Rowland
Noble died in 1709 as the following shows : —
1709 Ap. 18. Mr. Rowland Noble Rector of Orton bur.
Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, says that the Parsonage House
is " in pretty repair," having been rebuilt " by ye present
Incumbent Mr. Noble's brother and Predecessor." ^
David Bell, M.A., 1709—1730.
He was an Edinburgh graduate taking his M.A, degree
March 25, 1685; and was instituted to Great Orton Dec. 31,
1709, being inducted by Thomas Benson of Stanwix. He
married Susanna, daughter of John Brisco of Crofton, and
80 was related to Bishop Nicolson who refers to him in his
Diaries as " Cousin." He was at Askham in 1690,
Kirklinton in 1694, Aspatria in 1706, and died in 1729/30.2
1. Miscel., p. 12. A singularly loose and ambiguous sentence. The
Bishop, of course, means Gawin Noble, Rowland's brother.
2. Vide pp. 313, 646, 1221.
IX. DALSTON.
This village lies some four and a half miles south east
of Carlisle. In the Parish is Rose Castle, the abode of
the Bishops of the Diocese for many centuries. The
Church is dedicated to St. Michael, and its Registers
begin in November, 1570, There are seven volumes up to
1812; but the first three cover the period with which we
are concerned. Respecting the earliest we have the
following account : —
The oldest book is of parchment, and has been bound in parch-
ment, of which now only a few fragments remain. It is 11^ inches
long and 6f inches broad, and begins thus : — "The Booke of Baptismes
withine the parish of Dalston made by Mark Edgar, Vicar of the
same anno domini 1570." There are a hundred and fifty six pages
which do not follow each other in very strict order, and of which the
earlier ones only are numbered. The first entry is " Novemb. 2.
Thomas Hammond filius Eoberti." The last, a baptism in 1658, is
illegible, l
Volume II. is also of parchment. It begins thus : —
The Booke of Baptisme within the Parish of Dalston since the
17th of November 1658.
Further on come marriages and burials. It is about the
same size as Vol. I. and ends with 1679.
The third volume is described as " long, narrow and
upright," in parchment. It is bound in vellum, " the
writing elegant, and very easy to read." It begins thus :
A note of all baptisms and marriages within the p'ish of Dalston
since the first day of May Anno Dom. 1679.
It contains burials from the other end and goes up to
1. Seven Volumes of the Dalston Parish Registers, by M. E. Kuper.
A Paper communicated to the Cumb. and West. Arch. Soc, Aug. 22,
1883.
Dalston 235
1749. The Registers up to 1812 were published some time
ago.
The following is a list of Incumbents : —
Thomas Nicolson, 1586—1596.
He entered "in hanc vicariam " September 13, 1586,
succeeding Mark Edgar on his decease. Nicolson and
Burn give a person of this name as collated to Scaleby in
1585, who " removed in two years after." ^ His marriage
with Anne Edgar, the daughter of his predecessor, is
noted in the Registers under date December 24, 1587. He
held the living until his death, in 1595, his burial taking
place on October 19 of that year.
RoBEET Collier, B.A., 1596—1629.
The baptisms of a son, Robert, on November 18, 1599 ;
of a daughter, Elizabeth, on November 8, 1601 ; and of
Philadelphia, another daughter, on January 4, 1607, are
given in the Registers. His own burial entry reads thus :
October 3. 1629 Robert Colier Vicarius was buried.
Could he be related to John Collier the Ejected Minister
of Crosby ? ^
William Griffith, B.A., 1630—1642.
He was collated January 21, 1629-30, by Bishop Potter,
though it is said that his " coming is in no way announced"
in the Registers.^ During his Incumbency " hand-
writing, ink, and spelling, are equally bad." He died in
December, 1642, being buried on " the 6th day."
Edward Baker, B.A., 1643.
His collation was by Archbishop Ussher. The baptis-
mal entries of several children appear in the Registers, as
does the burial, on June 30th, 1644, of his first wife, Anna
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 460.
2. Vide p. 201.
3. Seven Volumes of the Dalston Parish Registers, etc.
236 The Ejected of 1662
Hutchinson, whom he had married the year before. His
second marriage is thus noted : —
1647 Maij 28 Edwardus Baker apud Cockermouth, duxit Annam
Irton.
His own burial entry is as follows : —
Burial 1659 Novemb. 18. Edward Baker Clerk.
Mrs. Baker was buried January 17, 1674-5. A con-
siderable amount of interest centres in Edward Baker, and
not a little diflSculty. Nicolson and Burn deal with him
in a most matter of fact way, devoting only a couple of
sentences to him.^ They merely state when he was col-
lated and when he died, following immediately with
Richard Garth in 1661. Dr. Wilson, in his Introduction
to the Parish Registers, sums matters up thus : —
In January 1642-3 when the old order was breaking up he
[Griffith] was succeeded by Edward Baker, a bachelor of Arts and a
preacher of the word of god, verbi Dei prdicator on presentation
of the good and great Archbishop Usher then held the See of Carlisle.
Baker's lot had fallen in unpleasant times but he certainly made the
most of them. He was twice married . . . There is no indication
that the rites of religion were secularized in this parish for any
lengthened period during the Commonwealth. Baker was a canonical
clergyman who appears to have ministered in his office to the last
however lowly he bent his shoulders to the yoke of the Directory.
Though many of the clergy of the diocese of Carlisle, according to
the testimony of Dr. Todd, were ejected and starved by Cromwell's
inquisitors Baker set his house in order and stood his ground. By
the timely interference of death which came in Sept. 1659, he was
saved the disgrace of turning his coat back again.
It is quite certain that that is not a correct statement
of the case. Dr. Todd is no trustworthy witness in
matters of this kind ; and his statement about the starving
Clergy may be dismissed as highly coloured, if not
actually fictitious. But it is in relation to Baker that a
different theory is required. That he was here up to 1650
is made clear from the following : —
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 323.
Dalston 237
Martij 27 1648.
Dalston.
Upon Certificate from any members of pliamt that serve for
the Countie of Cumberland in the behalfe of Mr. Edward Baker
minister of Dalston in the sd Countie concerning his life & Con-
versacon It is ordered that he shall have the Augmentation graunted
by Order of the 14th of June 1647 for increase of the Minister's
maintennce of the sd Church.'
ffeb 3, 1649.
Dalston.
Wheras this Comtee have the 14th of June 1647 graunted the
yearely sume of Twenty nine pounds three shillings out of the
pticulers in ye said order menconed reserved to ye Bpp of Carlisle for
increase of the maintence of the Minstr of the parish Church of
Dalston in ye County of Cumberland It is ordered that the Trustees
for Sale of Bpps Lands doe and they are hereby desired to issue out
theere warrants to ye Trears for Sale of Bpps Lands to pay unto
Edward Baker INIinistr of the said Church or unto William Barker to
his use the sume of Three Score and Twelve Pounds Seaventeene
Shillings & Sixpence for Twoe yeares & a halfes rent due the 29th
Septembr last. 2
Julij 10th 1650.
Dalston.
Whereas this Comittee have the 14th of June 1647 graunted the
yearly some of twentie nine pounds three shillings out of the
pticulers in the said order menconed reserved to ye Bishpp of Carlisle
for increase of ye maintennce of ye Ministr of the pish Church of
Dalston in the County of Cumberland of which there is in arreare
ye some of threescore and twelve pounds seaventeene shillings and
sex pence for two yeares and a halfe rent due ye 29 of September last
It is ordered that ye Tenants of ye pmisses in whose hands the said
arreares are doe forthwith pay the said arreares unto Edward Baker
Minister of ye pish Church of Dalston aforesaid or in default thereof
Shew cause to ye contrary before this Comittee one ye ninth day of
September next.'
Novembr 6th 1650.
Dalston.
Whereas this Comitee have the 14th of June 1647 graunted the
yearely Sume of twenty nyne pounds three sheliings out of the
pticulers in ye sd Ordr menconed reserved to the Bpp of Carlisle for
increase of the maintennce of the Ministr of the parish Church of
Dalston in the County of Cumberland of wch there is in Arreares
1. BpdI. MS. 325.
2. Ibid., 327.
3. Ibid.
238 The Ejected of 1662
the Sume of three score & twelve pounds Seaventeene shillings &
sixpence for two yeares and a halfe due the 29th of Sept 1649 It is
ordered that ye Trears of the sd Bevenue or ffarmers or tennts of
the p'misses in whose hands the same are doe forthwith pay the
said Arreares unto Edward Baker Ministr of the sd Church or in
default thereof shew cause to ye Contrary before the Comitee on
the [MS. breaks off].^
How long Baker retained the living after tliis does not
appear; but the evidence goes to show that he had relin-
quished it at least four or five years before his death.
Whether he was sequestered is not known. The form of
his burial entry presents no difficulty, indeed the word
used of him rather supports than otherwise the position
here assumed. He is entered merely as " Clerk," whereas
previously he had always been styled " Vicar." The
former was the word used in reference to a Minister
whether in a living or not. That he had vacated the
living before his death the appointments which follow
show.
Nathaniel Madder or Mather, M.A., before 1656.
The evidence for this is the document immediately
following, which states that he had surrendered the
Dalston living before 1656. Can this be Nathaniel
Mather, M.A., who had received his education at Harvard
College, New England, the distinguished son of Richard
Mather, the " Lancashire Pilgrim Father?" Almost
certainly " Yes." Dr. Todd, in both his communications
to Walker, names certain " New Lights " as coming into
the district, '" out of the Southern Parts, as Larkham,
Polewheal, Madder, &c." ^ In 1656 Nathaniel Mather
appears as preacher at Harburton in Devon^ ; and shortly
afterwards he was appointed to Barnstaple in the same
County, whence he was ejected after the Restoration.
Calamy says that " he serv'd his generation in the Work
of the Gospel forty-seven years, in England, Holland, and
Ireland."
1. Bodl. MS. 327.
2. Vide p. 375.
.3. Shaw's Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 449.
Dalston 239
It is the State Papers, however, which come to our
assistance, and practically demonstrate the truth of this
conjecture. The following is their story: —
Mr. Madder.
501 : 00s : OOd.
These are to Will and Require you, out of the five hundred pounds
which by Order of this Councell of the date hereof, is set apart, out
of the fiveteen hundred pounds deposited in yor hands for Recruits
for Scotland, for enabling of such Ministers to their journey as shall
be thought fitt to be sent into Scotland, for preaching of the Gosple
there to pay unto Mr. Madder or to whom hee shall appoynt, the
Summe of ffifty pounds which is soe much advanced unto him for
enabling of him to his Journey being appoynted to goe thither as a
Minister. Of which you are not to faile ; and for which this shall
be yor warrant.
Given at the Councell of State at Whitehall
26 July 1652.'
Ordered by his Highnesse, the Lord Protector and the Councell
That fiftie pound be advanced out of the Councells Contingeaicies to
Mr. Mader (who is recommended by Mr. Nye to be Preacher to the
Councell of Ireland) towards defraying his charges to Ireland. And
that it be recommended to the Lord Deputie and Councell to settle
him there with such allowance for his maintenance as may encourage
him in that employment.
Warrant.
Sept. 20 [1654] for fiftie pounds to be advanced to Mr. Madder.
Warrants.
Sept. 28 [1654] to Mr. Mather Minister for Ireland 50li : 00 : 00.2
In pursuance of an Order of his Highness the Lord Protector and
the Councell of the 20th of Sept. 1654. These are to will and require
you out of Such moneys as are or shall come to yor hands for the
use of the Councell to pay unto Mr. [blank] Mader or whome he
shall appoynt the sum of Fifty pounds towards defraying his journey
into Ireland to preach the Gospell there Of wch &c
Given the 19th day of October 1654.
To Mr. Gualter Frost. Hen. Lawrence, Prd
Mulgrave Humbert
W. Strickland
H. Mackworth.
P. Lysle
P. Jones. 3
1. S. P. Dom. Inter. Money Warrants, I. 103, p. 209.
2. Ibid., I. 75.
3. Ibid., I. 105, p. 115.
240 The Ejected of 1662
It will be noticed that the name " Madder" or " Mader"
persists in the documents except in one case, where we
get " Mather," and that is sufficient to establish identity.
It is also necessary to say that much of the foregoing may
refer to Samuel Mather, another of Hichard Mather's sons,
ejected from Burtonwood in Lancashire. Indeed it is
almost certain that the document recording the journey
into Scotland does. Calamy says that about this time
Samuel Mather went into Scotland and afterwards into
Ireland. The important thing which the documents
establish is the identity of Mader and Mather; and this,
taken in conjunction with the fact that all the dates
accurately fit, makes it morally certain that the Nathaniel
Madder of Dalston was the Ejected Minister of Barn-
staple. Nathaniel Mather was one of the active promoters
of the " Happy Union " of 1691, and he wrote several
times to Thomas Jollie of Wymondhouses in relation to
the matter.^ He was also one of the Founders of the
Congregational Fund Board, the first meetings for the
purpose being held in his " Meeting house " ; and was one
of the first generous contributors to it. The Minutes for
January 13th, 1695/6, state that the Treasurer had
" reed lOOli by ye hands of Mr. Mather which he desired
might be desposed of for ye purposes before menconed,"
several other considerable sums following almost immedi-
ately. ^ The City Temple, London, Nathaniel Mather's
Church in continuity, has among its documents seven
letters addressed to him by applicants for Church Fellow-
ship, whose dates range from 1689 to 1695.^ Calamy
gives a full account of him, and inserts a lengthy inscrip-
tion from his tombstone in the Bunhill Fields Burial
Ground. It states that he died July 26th, 1697, " setat.
Ixvii." *
1. Jolly's Note Book, C.S. (N.S.), vol. 33, p. 139.
2. Minutes of the Congregational Fund Board.
3. Memorials of the City Temple by J. B. Marsh, p. 274.
4. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 238; vol. iii, p. 257.
I
Dalston 241
Christopher Jackson, 1656.
The f ollowiiig documents relate to his appointment : —
Dalston,
To the Comrs. [for Approbation of publique Preachers and all
others whom it may concerne] Wee William Steele Lord chiefe
Baron of his Highnes Cort of Exchequer att Westmr. [Sr John
Thorowgood of Kensington Knight George Cowper Richard Yong
John Pocock Ralph Hall Richard Sydenham Edward Hopkins John
Humfrey and Edward Cresset Esqrs. Trustees by Severall Acts of
Parliament for Maintennce of Ministrs. and by an Ordinance of his
Highnesse Lord Protector and his Councell Intituled An Ordinance
for the better Maintennce and Incouragemt. of preaching Ministers
and for visiting of parishes] the true and undoubted Patrons of the
viccaridge and Church of Dalston in ye County of Cumberland
become void by the relinquishment of Nathaniell Madder the last
Incumbent or any other wayes whatsoever Have nominated and
p'sented and doe by these psents nominate p'nl and appoint Chresto-
pher Jackson Minister of the word to the said Viccarage and Church
praying [that the said Chrestopher Jackson may be admitted to and
settled in the said viacarage and church and vested with all the
Rights Members and appurtenances thereof (which wee doe hereby
conferre upon him) and that it would please you to doe and performe
all other things requisite and necessary to be done in the p'misses].
In witnes whereof wee have hereunto sett our handes and Scales this
two and twentieth day of Aprill in the yeare according to ye Com-
putacon now used in England — one thousand six hundred ffifty and
six.
Ri. Sydenham Jo Humfrey Rich. Yong Ra Hall Jo Pococke.
Sealed and delivered
in ye psence of <
Tho. Marsh
Nat. Overton. 1
Dalston
Know all men by these p'nts that the third day of Maj in the
yeare 1656 there was exhibited to the Comrs. for approbacon of
publique preachers a presacon of Mr. Chrestopher Jackson Clerke to
the Viccaridge of Dalston in the County of Cumberland made to him
by William Steele Lord cheife &c. Dated att Whitehall the 13th.
June 1656.
A true copy
Jo Nye Regr. 2
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 983.
2. Ihid., 968.
242 The Ejected of 1662
Orders for his Augmentation appear under dates
September 19th, 1656, and March 20th, 1656/7, for one
year due Christmas, 1657.^
The following also are of interest: —
Dalston
ffebr. 11. 1657.
Upon the peticon of, the Ministr. and Inhabitants of the parish of
Dalston in the County of Cumberland Ordered that Mr. Edmund
Branthwayte Recr. take a view of the decayes of the Chancell of the
parish Church of Dalston aforesaid and Certifie the same to these
Trustees and what it will cost to repaire the same and whether if the
said Chancell should bee pulled down the Church will not bee
capacious enough to hold the pari.shionrs. and Inhabitants of the said
parish and whether the old Tennt were not bound to repa3n:e the
said Chancell and what the decayes of the Chancell were that incurred
in his time. 2
April 4. 1659.
Dalston, Whereas the vicarage of Dalston in the County of
Cumberland is of the yearely value of tenn poundes As by an
Inquisicon taken by vertue of a Comission under the Great Seale of
England in pursuance of an Act for providing maintenance for
preaching Ministrs & other pious uses appeareth And whereas the
tithes hereafter Menconed being all wthin ye psh & pcell of ye
Rectory of Dalston aforesd are parcell of the possions of ye late
Bishop of Carlisle & are of ye respective yearly values hereafter
menconed vizt the tithes of Dalston Hauxdale & Buckabank of ye
yearly value of ffifty pounds the tithes of Cardiew and Cardiew Lees
of the yearly value of sixteene poundes thirteen shillings fours pence
The tithes of Percivall Holmes tenemt of ye yearly value of two
pounds ten shillings the tithe wooll & Lambe of Dalston of ye yearly
valew of Seaven pounds ten shillings the tithes of Halfeilde & Litle
Raughton of ye yearly valew of eight pounds one shilling the tithes of
Raughton Moore of the yearly value of two pounds foure shillings
And whereas ^Nlr. Chrestopher Jackson was admitted to the vicarage
of Dalston aforesd by the Comrs for Approbacon of publique preachrs
the thirteenth day of June 1656 therefore upon due Consideracon had
of the premisses Will Steele Lord Chancellor of Ireland Sr John
Thorowgood of Kensington Knt. George Cowper Richard Yong John
Pocock Ralph Hall Richard Sydenham John Humfrey and Edward
Cressett Esqrs Trustees by severall Acts of Parliament for mainten-
ance of Minstrs Doe hereby order & appoint that all & all manner of
' 1, Commonwealth Exchequer Papers 290 (Record Office). This docu-
ment is well worth printing.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 980
Dalston 243
tithes of the respective places aforesd bee united & annexed to ye sd
Vicarage of Dalston to & for encrease of the maintennce of ye sd Mr.
Jackson for such time as hee shall discharge the duty of ]\Iinister
there and of such other godly and orthodox Ministrs his Successrs as
shall bee Incumbents of ye sd Vicarage And that the yearly sume of
three pounds two shillings eight pence bee likewise from time to time
paid unto ye said Mr. Jackson & his Successors Alinistrs of Dalston
aforesd out of the rents & profitts of the tithes of Caulfeild and
Barranfeild in the said parish And it is further ordered that from &
after the five & Twentieth day of March instant the sd tithes of
Dalston Hauxdale & Buckabank Cardiew & Cardiew Lees percivall
Holmes tenement Dalston Wooll & Lambe Halfeild & Little Roughton
& of Eoughton !Moore bee left out of ye charge of ye revenue vested
in these Trustees whereof the Auditor is to take notice And it is
further ordered that the Recr of ye sd County doe forbeare any
further to intermeddle with ye sd tithes annexed as aforesaid or the
Tents issues or profitts of them or of ye receipt of them but that hee
permitt the sd ]Mr. Jackson & such godly & orthodox ]\Iinistrs as shall
succeed him as aforesaid quietly to have hold posse & enjoy the same
and the rents issues & profitts thereof & all person & persons are
therefore to sett out & pay their said tithes to ye sd Mr. Jackson &
his Successrs Incumbents of ye sd Vicarage from time to time
accordingly And it is further ordered yt upon legally setting out soe
much of ye sd tithes of Caulfeeld & Barrancefeeld in kind as will
amount to the said yearly sume of two pounds six shillings eight
pence a yeare the same bee annexed to the Vicarage of Dalston
aforesd Provided that dureing the Continuance of any Leases in being
■of ye aforesaid tithes the rents reserved on ye sd Leases onely &
dureing the continuance of ye sd Lease of Caulfield & Barrancefield ye
sd three pounds two shillings eight pence a yeare onely bee held &
enjoyed by ye sd ^Ir. Jackson & his Successrs Ministrs of Dalston
aforesd & the farmrs of ye pmisses are to pay the same accordingly
Dated the ninth day of March in the yeare according to the Computa-
tion used in England One Thousand Six hundred ffifty and eight.
Jo Thorowgood Jo Humfrey Jo Pococke Ra Hall Ri Yong.^
To complete the Jackson case it is necessary to add the
ifollowing : —
Feb 7. 1655/6.
Mr. Jackson Minister of Garsdale — receaver according to former
order pay.
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 995.
244 The Ejected of 1662
Feb. 12. 1655-6.1
Garsdale — write to Dr. Arrowsmith2 to give an acct of him & why
they turned him out of Garsdale.
March 4th. 1655/6.
Garsdale Mr. Jackson — Dr. Arrowsmith Ire [letter] reed.
May. 13. 1656.
Garsdale Order Mr. Jackson ye 301i according to former order.
April 17. 1656.
Dalston — put Mr. Jackson.
Friday August 1. 1656.
Cumberlnd Dalston Jackson is minister. So much of ye rents as
are not otherwise desposed of to be conferred on this man.
Sept. 15. 1656.
Dalston — Ordr ye pishioners of Dalston to Sett out their tythes in
kind, as they Answer the Contrary at their pill [peril].
March 27. 1657.
Garsdale — Mr. Jackson acknowledgeth ye receite of ye 30li due by
order of 26th June 1655 payable lady day 1654 clames till 24th Mar.
1655 being one yeare more & that is allheclaimes — he clames one quarter
ending 1655 lady day since he was there ye last quarter ending lady
day 1655, but absent in ye yeare 1654 & yt he is elected for a scandal-
ous minister — dismissed him there being nothing due unto him.
Saith he was here about the trustees service. 3
The case of Christopher Jackson is exceedingly difficult
to understand. The rough notes of MS. 1021, intended
only for the use of the scribe, are not easy to read intelli-
gently; but what seems clear is the identification of the
Garsdale Jackson with the Dalston one.* Were it not for
1. For reference to Mr. Forward and Dalston vide p. 565.
2. Dr. John Arrowsmith, for some time Master of Trinity College,
Cambridge, was one of Cromwell's "Triers." He was a North Country
man, being born at Gateshead, and it appears that Jackson's case was
referred to him. (Brook's Lives of the Puritans, vol. iii, p. 315.)
3. All these are from Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 1021.
4. Quite late iiiformation has thrown strong suspicion upon this
identification. The impression produced by the reading of MS. 1021 is
that the two were one, because the various items follow so regularly.
It will, however, be noted that the Christian name is not given in
any of the extracts. That Christopher Jackson was at Dalston admits
of no doubt; and it is almost equally certain that the Garsdale Jackson
was not Christopher, but Richard, who was also Head Master of the
Dalston 245
a serious clashing of dates I should have no hesitation in
identifying him also with the Christopher Jackson who
appears at Crosby Garrett, and who was ejected thence at
the Restoration.^ In view of the declared policy of the
Commonwealth a Plurality of livings for him is unthink-
able. Yet even in spite of the date difficulty there is
something to be said for their identification. Calamy
states that Christopher Jackson of Crosby Garrett was first
outed somewhere in Yorkshire, and the MS. says that the
Dalston Jackson was ejected from Garsdale, which is in
Yorkshire, a few miles from Sedbergh. The charge of
scandalousness can hardly be interpreted in the usual
acceptance of the term; and his immediate transfer to
Dalston supports that contention. ^ The case is complicated
by the appearance in the ministry of more than one person
of this name about this time. The Episcopal Register at
Carlisle gives a Christopher Jackson who was ordained in
June, 1634: Oliver Heywood mentions a "Nonconforming"
Minister of this name who died in 1662, after the Uni-
formity Act ^ ; there was also a Christopher Jackson at
Mallerstang Chapel in 1656^; Palmer gives Christopher
Jackson ejected from Lampeter in Wales, who died in
London; Christopher Jackson, B.A., of Trinity College,
Sedbergh Grammar School. Richard Jackson was sequestered for
scandalousness, among the charges brought against him being drunken-
iness, which was fully proved. The story is told by Mr. Wilson in his
" Sedbergh School Register " ; by the Rev. W. Thompson, M.A., in
" Sedbergh, Garsdale and Dent " ; and in part in the Calendars of State
Papers for 1655/6 and 1656/7. The text is allowed to staoid partly
because the printing had proceeded too far to correct, partly because it
illustrates the difficulties which beset a work of this kind, and partly
because of the interesting items it contains about Jackson; but the
reader should remember the caution given. The case of Christopher
Jackson in relation to Crosby Garrett is in no way affected by this
discovery.
1. Vide p. 1094.
2. This, of course, was on the assumption that the person was
Christopher Jackson; but vide p. 244, note 4.
3. Diaries, vol. i, p. 305.
4. Vide p. 1083.
246 The Ejected of 1662
Dublin, was nominated to Hambleton Cliapel, in Lanca-
shire, by Richard Clegg, Yicar of Kirkham, May 26thy
1699^ ; and Christopher Jackson, Minister of the Crux
Church, York, "dyed May 22nd, 1701, aged 60." 2 It is
a case in which a definite judgment is not possible until
further light is forthcoming. Christopher Jackson cer-
tainly disappears from Dalston about 1658, and who
succeeded him has not been ascertained.
It would seem from the following that a Minister was
settled here in 1659-60 : —
Dalston
D. Mar. 1. ffebr. 16th. 1659.
Whereas these Trustees by Instrument undr their hands & Seales
dated ye 9th day of March 1658 annexed the impropriate tithes
following all in ye psh of Dalston & County of Cumberland unto ye
vicarage of Dalston aforesaid vizt the tithes of Dalston Hakesdale &
Buckabanke Cardue & Cardiew Lees Percivall Holmes tenement
tithe woll Lambe of Dalston Calfeild and Little Raughton & Raugh-
ton Moore & whereas the trustees are informed that notwithstanding
the said annexacon Mr. Edmond Branthwayte Recr. doth not permit
the Minister of Dalston aforesd quietly to hold & enjoy the sd tithes
according to ye purport thereof It is ordered that ye sd Mr. Branth-
wayte doe forbeare any further intermedling wth ye sd tithes
annexed as aforesd or ye rents issues and profitts thereof but yt he
permitt the Ministr. of Dalston to hold and enjoy the same according
to ye sd Instrumt. wthout let trouble or molestacon.
Jo Thorowgood Jo Pococke Wm. Steele George Cowper Rich. Yong.3
It is unfortunate that the name is not given ; but who-
ever was here at this date he was replaced shortly
afterwards, whether forcibly or not has not been
ascertained.
Richard Garth, M.A., 1661—1663.
He matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford, December
9th, 1650; graduated B.A. January 25th, 1654-5, and
M.A. July 4th, 1657.* The State Papers give the names
1. Act Book, Chester Registry.
2. Northowram Register, p. 105.
3. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 987.
4. Al. Ox.
Dalston 247
of a small group of distinguished Cumbrian men in
Oxford, who were in frequent correspondence with Sir
Joseph Williamson during the years 1660 and 1661.
These were Gerard Langbaine, Timothy Halton, Thomas
Lamplugh, and Richard Garth. The latter does not
appear to have been a particular favourite, and he was
very restive because no living came his way. He
petitioned without success for Workington, but eventually
he obtained Dalston,^ being collated by Bishop Sterne
October 14th, 1661. He removed to Bromfield.^ No
entry appears in the Registers relating to him, but in
" The Easter reckoning Booke " is a true copy of his
receipt " dated June ye 27th, 1662," which was written
out in 1T18 by " Jo : Walker, curat," and which relates
to John Holme of Holme Hall, and his tithe hay.
John Walker, B.A., 1663—1714.
He also was collated by Bishop Sterne, February 3rd,
1663. Foster says that John Walker matriculated at
Queen's College, Oxford, July 25th, 1655, graduated B.A.
1660, and M.A. from Magdalen College, Cambridge,
1669: "perhaps vicar of Dalston.''^ He remained here
until his death in 1714; and his burial entry in the
Registers reads thus : —
Johannes Walker vicarius de Dalston obiit die Sabbati viz. decimo
quinto die August! 1714 Semi-hora post Septemanam et die Martis
tunc proxime sequenti circiter horam quintam pomeridianam (intra
Ecclesiam) fuit sepultus.
The Registers also have the following interesting
entry : —
September 13th 1700 is buried John Stubbs of Dalston quacker.
Possibly he was a relative of " Thomas Stubbs of Dalston,
who had been a Soldier and had laid down Arms &
1. Cal S. P. Dom. for 1660-1 ; also Lamplugh's letter, p. 775.
2. Vide p. 641.
3. Ai. Ox.
248 The Ejected of 1662
received Truth "^' becoming famous afterwards as one of
George Eox's most enthusiastic Missionaries.
Thomas Benson, M.A., D.D., 1714—1727.
He was collated by Bishop Nicolson and inducted
October 23rd, 1714. He had for his Curate, John Walker,
probably the son of John Walker his predecessor in the
living. John Walker's baptismal entry bears date
November 15th, 1672. Benson held Stanwix along with
Dalston.2
1. The First Publishers of Truth, p. 68. That is how it is stated in
this work, but Ferguson (Early Cumberland and Westmorland Friends,
p. 155) and others give John Stubbs as the soldier, identifying him with
the person whose burial is noted above. The statement in "The First
Publishers," &c., is entitled to the greater weight.
2. Vide p. 198.
II. THE BRAMPTON GROUP.
In spite of the labour bestowed upon it, tlie information
supplied by this section is disappointingly meagre. In
most cases, the County Histories are of little service, no
attempt being made to furnish a list of those who held the
livings. The livings were, of course, small; and, in conse-
quence, served mainly by Curates, and the difficulty is
increased by the Pluralism, which largely abounded. The
Registers also fail us, in only a few cases being anterior
to the Restoration. The late Rev. Henry Whitehead,
M.A., in his paper on The Brampton Deanery Registers,
however, has proved to be of the greatest assistance, the
only surprise being that so keen and careful an antiquarian
student should have made such large use of Whellan,
whose mistakes are irritatingly plentiful and glaring. In
the principal cases, however, those in which we are mainly
interested because of the changes which the Common-
wealth and Restoration brought, the lists are fairly full.
I. BRAMPTON.
This is a market town some ten miles east of Carlisle.
The Church is dedicated to St. Martin, and its Registers
begin in 1663. The earliest volume, which is of parch-
ment, contains all the marriages, baptisms and burials up
to 1729, with the exception of five years, 1707-1712. It is
in good condition and the writing is quite legible. The
following is a list of Incumbents : —
Robert Beck, 1579—1599.
A person of this name, possibly the same, was at Kirk-
linton in 1576, and CrosthJ^^aite in 1592. If the same
he would be a Pluralist.^
1. Vide pp. 307, 648.
250 The Ejected of 1662
Henry Hudson, S.T.B., 1600—
He was instituted April 3, 1600, and was gone before
1611. Probably the person of this name who had charge
of Stapleton in 1603, and Brigham in 1617.1
Nicholas Copeland, 1611.
The authority for this is the following : —
January 2. 1611, To Mr. Cowpland, vicar of Brampton uppon
composition for the tythes thear due and payable at this Christmas
last past for one year, vijli. [Eeceived] Nicholas Cowpland. 2
There are also references under 1612 to "Mr. Cowpland's
maid bringing eggs " and receiving " xijd " for the same;
also to her " bringing plums " for which she got " iiijd." ;
and " to Mr. Cowpland's man bringing hens " for which
he obtained " ijs." On December 26, 1613, " Mr. Cow-
pland " received for " one yeares tythes ended at
Christemas 1613 vijli." He evidently removed shortly
after this.
Probably the person who for some time was Master of
the St. Bees Grammar School. He was also at Brigham
and Gosforth. ^
Thomas Warwick, 1615.
It is exceedingly difficult to sort out the Warwicks, of
whom there appear to have been several in the ministry
at this time. The late Henry Whitehead, Vicar of
Brampton, and one of the largest and most valuable
contributors to the Transactions of the Cumberland and
Westmorland Archaeological Society, gives the name of
the Brampton Vicar as " William Warwick." * He does
so on the authority of Hutchinson and Whellan; but
these writers are very unreliable in matters of this kind,
and the name is a mistake. The Institution Books give
" Thomas Warwick " and state that he was instituted,
1. Vide pp. 288, 747.
2. Household Books, &c., pp. 56 and 57.
3. Vide pp. 747, 836.
4. Brampton in the Olden Times, p. 69.
I
Brampton 251
Aug. 17, 1615, on a Presentation by " Hen. Dacre Ar."
Foster has also mixed things up considerably. He gives
the following under "Thomas Warwicke" : — " Of Carlisle,
pleb. Queen's Coll. matric. 14 July 1592 aged 18; B.A. 8
July 1596; M.A. from St. Edmund Hall 4 July 1599;
rector of Salkeld, Cumberland, 1604, vicar of Morland,
Westmorland, 1606, and of Brampton, Cumberland, 1615."
This is followed thus: — "Warwicke Thomas of Cumber-
land pleb. Queen's Coll. matric. 12 Oct. 1621, aged 20, B.A.
29 Nov. 1621; vicar of Morland, Westmorland, 1621,
rector of Beaumont 1625, and of Bowness, (both) Cumber-
land 1629," ^ The second Thomas Warwick was ordained
Deacon Sep. 28, 1623, and is probably the person of that
name that held the living of Aspatria in 1639.- Foster
also gives George Warwick " of Cumberland, pleb. Queen's
Coll. matric 14 June 1582, aged 16, B.A. 8 Dec. 1586,
M.A. 9 June 1589, fellow 1593 ; rector of Simondsburne,
Northumberland, 1597-9, and of Melmerby, Cumberland,
1610^21, Archdeacon of Carlisle 1604-21." ^ This was
the one who was at Great Salkeld, and not Thomas
Warwick as given by Foster. *
The only way through the Warwick maze which suggests
itself at present is the following. Three persons of the
name of Thomas Warwick are given as successively Rectors
of Morland, being father, son, and probably grandson.^
Thomas Warwick, senior, held the Morland living for
forty years, resigning in 1606 in favour of his son,
Thomas Warwick, M.A., who remained until 1620. This
is probably the one who was at Askham from 1604 to 1610,
in which case he would be a Pluralist. This would be the
Brampton Vicar, and in 1645 he appears as Eector also of
Bowness. The latter living had passed out of his hands
by 1647; probably, as in the case of several others, he
had had the choice of either but had been compelled
1. Al. Ox.
2. Vide p. 643.
3. Al. Ox.
4. Loftie's Great Salkeld ; its Rectors and History, p. 56.
5. Vide p. 1178.
2^52 The Ejected of 1662
to surrender one. Thomas Warwick, M.A., the third of
that name was at Morland from 1621 to 1624. Possibly
this is the one who appears at Beaumont in 1625 and
Aspatria in 1639. ^
Lord William Howard seems to have been in the habit
of giving " Parson Warik " financial assistance in times
of stress. Hence the following : —
May 28, 1620, Lent to Parson Warik by my Lord's apoyntment
xls.
Again : —
Monie lent Jan. 1. 1621-2 To Mr. Warwick Vicar of Brampton
by my Lord's Command at London vli.
Also : —
August 2. 1633. Lent unto Mr. Warwicke, Viker of Brampton,
(to redeeme him from the Pursivantes handes) and to bee payed
againe at Lammas 1634 xxli. 2
It appears that Warwick and Lady Howard did not
scruple to do a little gambling together. Hence the
following : —
Feb 23. 1624. To my Lady at tabells with Mr. Warwick iiijs."
Not less interesting this : —
1628 Sept. 28. To Mr. Warwicke for xvj salted sallmons sent to
London unto Sr William Pitts xxxijs.*
In 1629 he is referred to as " olde Mr. Warwicke," and
the following shows how his home was doubtless annually
cheered : —
Eewards. January 1st 1629-30 (New Yeares daye). To Parson
Warwicke by my Lord's Commaund xxs. To his wife from my
Ladie xs. 5
In 1644 he contributed £2 Os. Od. to the Carlisle
garrison for Bowness and Brampton. In January 1655-6
1. Vide p. 220.
2. Household Books, pp. Uo, 181, 338.
3. Ibid., p. 213.
4. Ibid., p. 245.
5. Ibid., p. 262.
I
Brampton 253
" Mr. Warwicke " was among the Carlisle preachers, his
expenses being 3s. ; but probably this was the Aspatria
Warwick. Similarly the one named by William Lampit
in his letter of 1650, where he is described as " late
chaplain to Sir. Edward Musgrave, a great plunderer of
honest men." ^ The one fact that stands out with un-
questioned distinctness is that, in 1644, the Brampton
Warwick was a Pluralist, like so many others of his day,
having Bowness for his other living. The Episcopal
Register gives the following : —
An Indenture made to Thomas Warwick of ye ffishing in Eden,
&c., Rose Castle County of Cumberland. Feby. 14. 1685-6.
The " Chamberlain's Accounts " also refer to " old Mr.
Warwick." ^ Both of these were probably connections.
Andrew Mandrake, 1656 — 1658.
This name does not appear in any history, but his
appointment and Augmentation are referred to in the
following : —
Brampton,
ffeb. 3rd. 1656.
Know all men by these psents that ye 16th. day of January in the
years 1656 there was &c. a pensacon of Andrew INIandrake Clerke to
ye Vicarage of Brampton in the County of Cumberland made to him
by Charles Howard Esq. the patron thereof together &c. Upon &c
the Comrs. &c. In Witnes &c. Dated at Whitehall ye 21 day of
January 1656.
Ut Coldecot per
Jo. Nye Regr. 3
Brampton,
d d 23 ffeb. flebr. 3d. 1656.
Ordered that the yearly Sume of thirty poundes bee and the Same
is hereby Graunted to the Minister of Brampton in ye County of
Cumberland to and for increase of his Maintenance his Highnes and
Councell haveing approved thereof the 24th day of March 1655 And
that the Same bee from time to time paid unto Mr. Andrew Mand-
rake Minister of Brampton aforesaid approved according to the
1. Vide p. 624.
2. Vide p. 181.
3. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 968.
2 54 The Ejected of 1662
Ordinance for approbacon of publique preachers the 21 day of
January 1656 to hold for such time as hee shall descharge the duty
of the Minister of the said place or untill further Order of these
Trustees out of the rents and profitts hereafter Menconed vizt the
yearly Sume of ten pounds out of the Tythes of Aspatria the further
yearly sume of six poundes out of the tythes of Aughterside and ye
further yearly Sume of fourteen poundes out of the tythes of Hayton
Mellowe & Quinsby all within the County of Cumberland and
amounting in the whole to ye said yearly Sume of thirty poundes the
Same to bee accompted from this pret 3d day of ffeb. [1656] and Mr.
Edmund Branthwayte Receiver is hereby appointed to pay ye Same
unto him accordingly.
Ed. Cressett, Jo. Humfrey, Ri. Sydenham Edw. Hopkins
Ri. Yongl
Brampton. June 25. 1657.
Whereas these Trustees the third ffebr 1656 ordered unto Mr.
Andrew Mandrake 2 Minr of Brampton in the County of Cumberland
(among other thinges) the yearely Sume of fourteene poundes out of
the tithes of Hayton ilellow and Quinsby in the said County to be
accompted from the said 3d day of ffeb 1656 It is ordered that the Sume
of Twelve poundes eight shillinges only be paid out of the said tithes
of Hayton &c and the further yearely Sume of one pound twelve
shillinges out of the tithes of Cumrew in the said County the same to
be accompted from the said 3d day of ffebr 1656 and to be from time
to time continued and paid to the said Mr. Mandrake for such time
as he shall descharge the duty of the Minr. of the said place or untill
further order of these Trustees. And that Mr. Edmund Branthwaite
recr doe pay the same unto him accordingly.
Ri. Sydenham Ra. Hall Jo. Pocock Ri. Yong John Humfrey. 3
Brampton. July 7. 1658.
Whereas these Trustees have by orders of the 3d of ffebruary 1656
and 25th of June 1657 graunted unto the Minister of Brampton in the
County of Cumberland the yearely sume of thirty pounds out of the
particulers in the said ordrs menconed It is ordered that the further
yearely sume of ten poundes be graunted for a further increase of
maintennce of the minister of Brampton aforesaid and that the same
be from time to time paid unto Mr. Andrew Mandrake Minister of
Brampton aforesaid out of the rents and profitts of the tithes of
Crosby in the said County To hold for such time as he shall continue
to descharge the duty of the minister of Brampton aforesaid or
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 993.
2. The scribe has written Wandrake several times.
3. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 993.
I
Brampton 255
further order of these Trustees to be accounted from the 24th of June
last And that Mr. Edmund Branthwayt Kecr doe pay the same
accordingly.
Jo. Thorowgood Ri. Yong Ra Hall Jo Humphrey Jo. Pocock. i
Andrew Mandrake died shortly after tliis.
mXHANIEL BUENAND, M.A., 1658—1662.
He was the son of " old Mr. Nathanael Burnand, the
chief Minister in Durham in the time of the Civil Wars." -
Such is Calamy's statement and he adds that he was "bred
in Cambridge." Foster, however, gives the following
which almost certainly refers to him : " Of Berks, Cler.
fil. Trinity College, Oxford, matric. 12 Xov. 1619, aged
15, B.A. 7 July 1623; M.A. from Magdalen Hall 1 July
1626." 3 In March 1642 he was committed to Newcastle
gaol for religious offences;* but shortly after he took
charge of Ovingham in Northumberland. The following
is witness to this : —
1642 April 19. Whereas Nath. Burnand an Orthodox divine out
of his Desire to advance the preaching of the Gospel in the County
of Northumberland, and being chosen by the parishioners of Ovingham
to preach there is willing (though to his great charge) to remove his
Family thither ; this House doth very well approve of the good and
pious intention of the said Mr. Burnand. 5
In 1645 he appears at Morpeth reporting, along with
several other Ministers, as to the religious state of the
County, in view of the prospective setting up of " Presby-
teriall Government." They refer to " ye paucity of godly
and able ministers in this spatious Countye" ; " ye poore
allowance for ministers in many of the sayd parishes (the
stipend not being lOli per annum) occasioneth many to
ye scandall of theire function to keepe common alehouses" ;
to the necessity for " taking away the Booke of Common
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 995.
2. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 158.
3. Al. Ox.
4. So Penfold in "Early Brampton Presbyterianism " (Trans. (N.S.),
vol. iii, p. 97).
5. C. J., vol. ii, p. 535.
256 The Ejected of 1662
Prayr ... ye nurse of an idle and non-preacliing min-
istry" ; and request ttat the divers " ministers that have
bin or shalbe east out of theire places for seandall or
delinquency whether in remote parts or among orselves
. . . may not bee setled among us least they proving false
may hinder ye establishing of truth and righteousnes in
this part of ye kingdome." ^
In 1656 he had charge of Castle Carrock and Cum-
whitton and his appointment to Brampton together with
his salary is referred to in the following : —
Brampton
Mar. 18 '
1658.
Know all men by these psents that ye 7th day of January 1658
there was exhibited &c a presentacon of Nathaniell Burnand CI. to
the Vicarage of Brampton in ye County of Cumberland made to
him by Charles Lord Howard Kn. the patron together &c. In witnes
Dated at Whitehall 28th of January 1658.
Jo. Nye Regr. 2
Brampton in ye
County of Cumberland. Nathaniel Burnand CI. Admitted the 28th
day of January 1658 to ye V. of Brampton in ye County of Cum-
berland Upon a pres. exhibited the 7th day of January 1658 from
Charles Lord Viscount Howard the patron And Certificates from
Wm. Brisco Tho : Crayster Cuth Studholme Tho : Sewell Tho :
Langhorne Rich. Gilpin of Graystocke Roger Baldwin Tim. Tullye
Roland Niccols Comf. Starre.3
Fryday 25. Februarij 1658.
Brampton
Cumberland. Continue ye 301i to Mr. Burnand p'sent Minister
but not ye lOli yt being gone to Crosby. 4
Brampton. March 23, 1658.
Whereas these Trustees 3d of ffebruary 1656 ord. ye yearly sume
of thirty poundes unto ye Minister of Brampton in the County of
Cumberland his Highnesse and Counsell haveing approved thereof
to bee paid unto Mr. Andrew Mandrake then Minister there who
is since deceased It is ordered that ye sume bee continued & from
1. Shaw's Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 366.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 968.
3. Ihid., 999.
4. Ihid., 1003.
Brampton 257
time to time paid unto Mr. Nathaniell Burnand admitted to the
Vicaridge of Brampton aforesd by the Comrs for approbacon of
Publique preachrs ye 28th day of January last to bee paid out of
the perticulers hereafter menconed (vizt) the yearly sume of lOli out
of ye rents & pfitts of the tithes of Aspatree ye further yearly sume
of 6li out of ye rents & pfitts of the tithes Ougherside & ye further yearly
sume of 14li out of the rents & pfitts of ye tithes of Hayton Mellow
Quinsby in ye sd County of Cumberland & amounting in ye whole
to ye sd yearly sume of 301i To hold for such time as the sd Mr.
Burnand shall continue faithfully to descharge ye duty of ye Minister
of ye sd place or further Order. And that ilr. Edmund Branthwaite
Recr doe pay the same accordingly.
Ra Hall Ric Sydenham Ri Yong Jo Pocock Edw Cressett. i
Contrary to what almost invariably happened in Cum-
berland and Westmorland, bis Ejection did not take place
until 1662. In the Brampton Court Leet Records is the
following : —
Cur. Let. 1661 Nathaniell Burnand, Clericus propter Johannem
Peares de Cannockhill iijs. iiijd. pro decimis 29 9ber 2
His career after his Ejection is thus given by Calamy : —
When he was Ejected, he retir'd to the Desart Places in Austin-
More [Alston], aftd there took a Farm, and manag'd it carefully in
order to a Subsistence for his Family, Preaching in his own House
on the Lord's Day to any Poor Christians that would come to hear
him ; and in process of time he Preach'd at Burneston in Publick,
no one taking Notice of him. At length Providence Favouring Sir
William Blacket in his Lead-Mines, he fix'd him there to Preach to
his Miners, with an allowance of 301 per annum. He had great
Success among those Ignorant Creatures, and did much good. But
when the Mines fail'd Poor Mr. Burnand was again at a loss ; came
up to London, and spent some time with a Congregation at Harwich.
But Age coming upon him, he at length came to London again, and
subsisted upon the Charity of well disposed Christians, till Death
gave him his Quietus. 3
In the Episcopal Eegister at Carlisle the following
notice of his relief from the sentence of Excommunication
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 995.
2. Whitehead's Brampton xviith Century Presbyterians (Trans. (O.S.)
for 1886).
3. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 158.
R
258 The Ejected of 1662
occurs : " 1665 7br 8 Eadem [Absolutia] concessa. Mro
Nathan. Burnand." In the Conventicle Returns for 1669
he is described as " a Farmer or Drover," who was
accustomed to hold a " Conventicle of Independents " in
Brampton, his hearers being 30 or 35 in number, " meane
most of them, but some rich." ^ In 1672 he took out a
License as a " Pr[esbyterian] Teacher," though his Con-
venticles went by the name of " Independent." For some
reason or other his name does not appear in the Present-
ment Lists, and he is lost to sight for a while. Mr. J. W.
Robinson suggests that for several years he may have been
at " Middlehope Burnfoot in Allendale first as a farmer
and then as a Minister" ; and adds that " Burnand appears
frequently in the Allendale Parish Registers between 1694
and 1698, but, curiously, his Christian name is never
mentioned." ^
The following undoubtedly relates to him and testifies
to his moderation and liberality of view : —
CCVIII. JOHN WALTON AND OTHERS. FOR SPEAKING
AGAINST THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND.
Feb. 9, 1676-7. Before Sir Philip xMusgrave Bt. Thomas Walton
of Aldstone Moore gent saith that, being in the Company of Lionell
Walton, of the Bridge end, his son, John Walton &c. and discoursing
about a Minister, Mr. Burnand, who related to this informer some
discourse that past betwixt himselfe and one John Walton of Gates-
head concerning the Church of England, which Church Mr. Burnand
held to be a true Church, the said John Walton denied it. The
Company now present said they thought that John Walton was in
the right. They did also endeavour to prove by Arguments that the
Church of England was a false Church ; namely, the Kinge is a
foresworne man then how could he establish a true Church : that
the Church of England is eronious, and therefore could not be a true
Church : and that a corrupt tree cannot bring forth good frute, the
Church of England is universily corrupt therefore it cannot be a
true Church. They did also affirme that the Church of England was
goeing on the broad way to destruction. They also said that if the
Church of England went to heaven, hell would be very empty.
They alsoe affirmed and tooke in hand to prove that those that used
1. Vide p. 1329.
2. Notes on the Early Nonconformist Ministers at Alston Moor.
Brampton 259
the Comon Prayer would be dammed. They endeavoured to prove
it out of some text in the CoUossians, chap. 2d 22 and 23 ver.i
Nathaniel Burnand ranks with Eichard Gilpin, George
Larkham, George Benson, and a few others, in the work of
laying the foundations of Nonconformity in this County.
He was connected with Gilpin by marriage, having
Gilpin's sister for his wife. In the Gilpin Pedigree the
name is given as Margaret;' and the late Mr. Whitehead
says that he had among his papers the following, though
how it had been obtained he could not be sure : "Margaret
d. of Isaac Gilpin b. 14 Mar. 1631 M. [Married] Nathaniel
Burnand Rr. of Brampton in Com. Cumbr." It is, of
course, quite possible that this is correct; but if so there
was a great disparity in the ages of the two. This
connection with the Gilpin family would make him a
frequent visitor to Scaleby Castle, where Richard Gilpin
made his home for some time after his Ejection from
Greystoke ; and there doubtless he often found protection
from the storms which raged around him.
In view of his connection with the Gilpin family it is
singular that, according to Calamy's statement, he went
eventually so far away as Essex, and that upon his last
days the shadow of a deep poverty fell. That such,
however, was the case is attested by the following : —
Nov. 13, 1710.
Resolved nemine contradicente that six pounds be immediately
allowed Mr. Burnand out of the Fund to descharge a debt owing to
his Landlady and that it may be paid into the hands of Mr.
Grovenor.
Feby 5, 1710/11.
This Board being informed that Mr. Burnand is dead and that
there remains due from him to the persons with whom he lodged
for ye necessary supplys of Life the Sum of foure pounds ten shil-
lings and six pence Ordered that the said sum of £4 10 6 be allow'd
for ye same purpose above mentioned. 3
1. Dep. from York Castle (Surtees Soc, vol. 40), p. 226.
2. Gilpin Memoirs, edited by Wm. Jackson, F.S.A.
3. Minutes of the Presbyterian Fund. For his connection with
Brampton and Alston Nonconformity vide pp. 1270, 1271.
26o The Ejected of 1662
Mr. Whitehead gives the following interesting account
of a visit to the house, upon which tradition fixes as the
place where Nathaniel Burnand was accustomed to preach
in the days of his religious outlawry : —
It seems he preached at his own house, where tradition says he
was not connived at but had to preach for safety in a loft, to which
he and his audience obtained access through a trap door. I was
told of this tradition by Mr. Joseph Dickinson, of Alston, who
accompanied me on a visit I desired to pay to the lonely retreat of
one of the most interesting of my predecessors. We ascended through
the trap door, and stood in the loft ; which is larger than either of
the rooms below, and perhaps on that account rather than for
secrecy was used for preaching, i
The County Histories, except Whellan, ignore Burnand,
and he blunders with the name, giving it as " John."
With reference to Nathaniel Burnand, senior, it may be
added that, about 1649, he appears along with Richard
Gilpin as one of the Ministers of the Cathedral Church of
Durham. His burial is thus noted in the Parish Registers
of the St. Oswald Church : —
Burial 1650 May 6. Mr. Nathaniell Burnand, Minister of this
Church.
Philip Fielding, M.A., 1662—1692.
He was of St. John's College, Cambridge, graduating
B.A. in 1660, and M.A. in 1664. Reckoning according to
the Old Style, in October, two months after St. Bartholo-
mew's Day, he read the Thirty Nine Articles as the
Registers testify : —
28. 8. 1662.
Mem. That I phill. ffeilding vicar of Brampton have the day &
yeare abovsd read the Thirty nine Articles appointed by the Church
of England in Wittnesse whereof I have hereunto subscribed before
these witnesses &c.
Phil. Feilding.
His Institution, however, does not appear to have taken
place until Feb. 2, 1662-3 ; and on the day previous he
was ordained both Deacon and Priest. Philip Fielding-
1. Brampton xviith Century Presbyterians.
I
Brampton 261
was a Pluralist, becoming Yicar of Crosby-on-Eden and
Irthington in 1666.^ He resigned Crosby in 1670, but
kept Irthington witb Brampton until his death, which
took place in 1692. His burial entry in the Registers
reads thus :
Master philip ffellding Vicker of Brampton was Buread ye 25th
of June 1692.
A slab in the north east corner of the old Church, which
still in part exists about a mile from the town, states
that he died " in anno aetatis 53."
John Cockburn, M.A., 1692 — 1702.
He was instituted July 25, 1692, on the Presentation of
" Charles Comes Carliol." He read the Thirty Nine
Articles Sep. 18, 1692. A daughter, Margaret, was bap-
tized Nov. 3rd of the same year; and he died in 1702 as
the following from the Registers attests : —
Memorandum that Mr. John Cockburn Vicar of Brampton was
buried October 29th Anno Domini 1702.
Richard Culcheth, M.A., 1702 — 1714.
He was instituted March 13, 1702, on the same Pre-
sentation. A¥riting in 1704 Bishop Nicolson says of the
last three Brampton Vicars that Fielding was " rich and
had no Children;" Cockburn "honest and poor;" but that
Culcheth was " somewhat too Worldly ; endeavouring to
hold Stapleton, Upper Denton and Farlam ^ in Commen-
dam with ye Liveing of Brampton." Respecting the
Church he adds : " Little and very unbecomeing the
giandeur of a Mercate-Town. 'Tis also in a Slovenly
pickle: dark, black and ill-Seated. The Quire is yet
more Nasty." ^
The burial entry of Richard Culcheth, whose tomb is in
the porch of the Old Church, reads thus : —
The Reverend Mr. Richard Culcheth, Buried ye 4 of February
1713-4, after he had been Vicar of Brampton 10 years, 10 months
and 10 Days.
1. Vide pp. 205, 284. 2. Vide pp. 275, 277, 288. 3. Miscel., p. 142.
II. CASTLE CARROCK.
Castle Carrock is a small village about four miles south
of Brampton, and near the majestic scenery of the Cross
Fell mountain range. The Church is dedicated to St.
Peter. The earliest Register Book appears to have been
lost, the present one going back to 1679 only. It is a
paper volume, without covers, worn at the edges, but the
writing is clear and good. It opens with baptisms, the
earliest decipherable date being " ffeb. 21. 1688-9." This
fact led Whellan to give that as the date at which the
Registers begin ;i but farther in the book it will be found
that " Wedings " commence with 1679 and burials the
same. The following is a list of Incumbents : —
Leonard Milburn, 1589 — 1635.
The "Household Books" of Lord William Howard contain
the following which, among things, establish his connec-
tion with the Bishop of Carlisle : —
Aprilis 25 [1613]. To Mr. Parson Milburn for his whole tjrth of
Geltesdale due to him at Easter last xs. *
1621 Dcemb 2. Eec. more by him [John Pildrem] of the Bishop
of Carlyle as mony formerly lent to his brother Mr. Parson Milburn
as part of ili paid by Thomas Waters xxli. 3
Januarie 21, 1624-5. To Mr. Leanerd Milbom for a Coach and
4 horses xxxli. 4
The Editor suggests that these had been the property of
Bishop Milburn who died in 1624.
The Milburns, Milbourns or Milbournes were a Cum-
berland family; and, as already intimated, Leonard
Milburn was the brother of Richard Milburn, Bishop of
1. Whellan, p. 671.
2. Household Books, p. 56.
3. Ibid., p. 159.
4. Ibid., p. 223.
Castle Carrock 263
Carlisle, 1621-1624. Under Kirkoswald will be found tte
names of Robert and Leonard Milboiirne.^ Leonard
Milburn of Oiisby and Skelton was the Bisbop's son.^
The Institution Books state that the Castle Carrock Yicar
died about 1635.
Christopher Gibson, 1635 — 1651.
He was collated Aug. 17, 1635, by Bishop Potter, the
vacancy having been caused " p. mort. natural Leonardi
Milburne clici ult. incumb." the place being given as
Castlecayrock." ^ Foster gives the names of several
Gibsons of Westmorland who were educated at Oxford, in
particular two or three sons of Richard Gibson of
Bampton, who rose to distinction. Christopher Gibson
was a contributor to the Carlisle garrison in 1644, being
at Castle Carrock at the time. Walker does not mention
him in his list of Sequestered Clergy, but it would appear
that he suffered in this way during the Commonwealth
period.
Nathaniel Burnand, M.A., 1656 — 1658.
His appointment is referred to in the following and the
question of his Augmentation is also dealt with : —
Brampton Thursday 24th March 1656.
Castle Carrocke. Att the Councell at Whitehall.
Ordered that it bee recomended to the Trustees for Maintennce
of Ministers to settle an Augmentacon of fforty poundes p. annum
uppon the Minister of Brampton and thirty poundes p. ann. upon
the Minr of Castle Carrock in the County of Cumberland there being
not a Competent Mayntennce for preaching Minrs. there.
Hen. Scobell Clerke
of the Councell. 4
Castle Carrocke
&
Cumwhitton.
Know all men by these psents that the sixth day of June in the
yeare one thousand six hundred ffifty and six there was exhibited
1. Vide p. 333.
2. Vide pp. 387, 479.
3. Institution Books.
4. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 977.
264 The Ejected of 1662
to the Comrs for approbacon of publique preachers a psacon of
Nathaniell Burnand Gierke Master of Arts to the Rectory or parish
Churches of Castle Carrocke & Com Whitton in the County of
Cumberland togeather &c. In witnes &c. Dated att Whitehall the
9th day of July 1656.
Jo. Nye Regr. l
Castle
Carrocke. July 17, 1658.
Whereas these Trustees the 10th of July graunted the yearly sume
of thirty poundes unto Mr. Nath. Burnard Minister of Castle
Carrocke in ye County of Cumberland out of the particulars therein
menconed and whereas the Chappelry of Cumrew is within ye said
parish and there is noe Minister att pret to the said Chappelry
belonging the last Curate thereof being elected out of the same and
the said Mr. Burnard is the incumbent of the said parish Church
with the said Chappelry annexed and whereas a portion of tithes
within the said Chappelry lately come into the possion by the
expiration of ye lease thereof It is ordered that the yearly Sume of
eight poundes bee graunted out of the rents and profitts of the
tithes of the said Chappelry to and for a further increase of main-
tennce of the said Mr. Burnard And it is further ordered that upon
expiration of the lease of the tithes of Cum Whitton in the said
County the said tithes bee likewise graunted unto the said Minister
for increase of maintennce in Hew of soe much of the said augmen-
tacon hereby & by the said Ordr of the 10th of July 1656 Setled
upon him as the said tithes of Cum Whitton doe amount unto.
Jo. Thorowgood Edw. Cressett Ri Yong Jo Pocock Jo. Humfrey. 2
Nathaniel Burnand removed to Brampton in 1658, under
which heading a full account of him appears.^ Whether
any one immediately succeeded him at Castle Carrock is
not known. This is to be regretted, because, if so, it is
almost certain that at the Restoration he suffered Ejection.
Christopher Gibson, 1660 — 1672.
In June, 1660, Christopher Gibson petitioned the House
of Lords for restoration to the living, from which he had
been " most illegally ejected and Thurst out," " these nyne
yeares last past " ; and his Petition, a copy of which is
here appended, was successful: —
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 968.
2. Ihid., 995.
3. Vide p. 255.
Castle Carrock 265
Cumberland.
To the right honorble the Lords in Parliament assembled
The humble peticon of Chrestopher Gibson CI. Viccar of the pish of
Castle Carrocke in the County of Cumbland.
Sheweth,
That yor petionr for these nyne yeares last past hath beene most
illegally ejected and Thurst out of his Viccarage of Castle Carrocke
in the County of Cumbland and from the exercise of his Ministerial!
duty there onely for his Loyalty and affection to his Maistey.
May it therefore please yor Lordpps to grant yor Order
for the secureing of the tythes gleabes and profitts thereof
into the handes of such persons as yor Lordpps shall
thinke fitt untill yor petionrs tytle to his viccarage shall
be determined by due Course of Law.
And yor petior shall dayly
pray &c.
CHEISTO : GIBSON.
1 Canne certifye the truth of this Petion and that the petr hath
beene minister there this twenty yeares last past and that he was
outed for his Loyalty to his Majestye.
THOMAS DACRE.
Sr. Tho. Dacre of Leonard Coast in Cumbland Knt.
[Inside at the bottom of the page as follows] : — : — Sr. Tho. Dacre
att White horse in Chancery Laine.
[On the outside] :— 23rd of June 1660. Mr. Cristo : Gibson Gierke
his peticon.
Expd.^
Christopher Gibson held the living until his death in
1672.
Henry Skarrow, M.A., 1672— 1679(?).
He was an Edinburgh graduate, and was ordained
Priest, Sept. 20, 1668, being instituted. May 18, 1672, on
a Presentation by the Dean and Chapter. The vacancy
had been caused by the death of Christopher Gibson.
Henry Skarrow was at Rocliffe in 1668.^
Christopher Rickerby, 1679 — ^1722.
He was ordained Deacon Sept. 21, 1673, and Priest
March 16, 1678-9, being then " de Cumrew." He was
1. House of Lords' Library :' vide H.M.C., Seventh Report, Pt. 1,
p. 106.
2. Vide p. 315.
266 . The Ejected of 1662
instituted Aug. 20, 1679, on a Presentation by Thomas
Smith, S.T.P., and possibly was related to Robert Rickerby
of Cockermouth. In 1672 he appears as Schoolmaster at
Lazonby and was on terms of closest intimacy with the
Nonconformists of that district. Among the poetic
effusions in praise of Mary Wilson, " the Virgin Saint '^
of Kirkoswald, bearing date 1672, is Christopher Rickerby's
contribution side by side with those of John Davis and
George Larkham ; and none is more highly eulogistic than
his.^ "Whether at the time of his residence at Lazonby
he served the Chapel at Armathwaite, as far as his Orders
permitted, is not certain; but he conducted a marriage
there,, on Feb. 3, 1675. At that time, however, he held
the Curacy of Cumrew. For some while he had Hayton
along with the Castle Carrock living. He bulks consider-
ably in the first volume of the Registers, which covers almost
exactly the period of his Incumbency at Castle Carrock.
The following are the items : —
July 20, 1678. Then was Maryed in St. Marijes Church of
Carlile Chrestopher Rickerby and Ann Marrijot 1678.
1683. Johannis filiiis Chrestopheri Rickerby Rector de Castle carrocke
Sepultus erat vicessimo octavo die Aprilis Anno prdicto.
Martha, also a daughter, was buried in Aug., 1684.
December ye 18, 1690.
Then was buried in ye Quire of Castlecarrocke the saide Ann the
wife of the saide Chrestopher Rickerby Rector of Castlecarrocke
under a great Stone on ye South Side of ye Chancell next ye wall.
Another entry gives Dec. 1st, and states that she " dyed
on Sunday being St. Andrews Day," and that she was
buried on the " Sun Side of ye Quire."
January ye 13, 1691.
Then was Marryed in the Collegiate Church of St. Catherine by
the Tower of London Chrestopher Rickerby Rector of Castlecarrocke
& Theadocea Sergison of the Citty of London.
Theadosia filia Johannis Brown
Bapt August 8 Anno 1638
et uxor Chrestopheri Rickerby. P. Bartholom.
Wormell
Rector Ibim.
1. Vide p. 341.
Castle Carrock 267
September ye 19, 1708.
Then Theadocea the wife of Chrestopher Rickerby departed this
life betwixt 11 & 12 at night being Sunday & was buryed on tuesday
ye 21 at 3 on ye afternoon under ye 2ond through Stone in the South
Side of the Chancell in Castle carracke.
1708 Chrestopher Rickerby & Hannah Perkin were Marryed in
the Parish Church of Kelloe in Bishoprick — by Mr. Thompson vicar
there August ye 17th 1708. 1
In an Inquisition at Penrith, Mar. 12, 1700, Christopher
Rickerby appears as defendant, in a dispute respecting the
" Rectory, parish, and parochial chapel of Cumrew, the
village of Brackanthwaite, the rectory and parish of Castle
Carrock and the wastes and commons adjoining &c. Miles
and bounds Tithes." ^
Christopher Rickerby 's burial entry is dated "April ye
14, 1722." His son, James Rickerby, was Yicar of Mor-
land in 1721.
Joseph Pattinson, 1722 — 1738.
1. Doubtless Christopher Rickerby the younger, Curate at Cumrew.
2 Exchequer Dep., East. 20 (Record Office).
I
III. CUMREW.
This place is a few miles south of Castle Carrock. The
Church is dedicated to St. Mary; and the oldest Register
Book made of paper, but bound in leather, begins in 1679.
Whellan, possibly by a misprint, says 1579, Bishop
Nicolson, in 1703, speaks of one dated 1639. " The
Register-Book," says he, " is onely of paper; and begins at
1639. It appears in it that a great many Children of
Foreigners were baptised here, in the time of the late
Civil Wars, by one Mr. Alexander Allan; who, they say,
was a Scot and reckon'd a more knowing and pretious
man (in his way) than most of his Brethren." ^ This book
long ago disappeared. The following is a list of persons
serving here : —
Alexander Allan, 1650 (.?).
This is given on the authority of the passage just quoted
and is possibly the person referred to under Cumwhitton.^
We have no information respecting him beyond that. In
the account of Nathaniel Burnand's Augmentation at
Castle Carrock, July, 1658, reference is made to the
ejection of the last Curate from Cumrew.^ Could this be
Alexander Allan? A person of this name was Curate of
Bewcastle in 1700, " a poor ejected Episcopalian of the
Scottish nation " ; but if the same he must have been very
old.*
John Bland, 1673.
In the Presentments for 1673 ^ a Mr. Bland is given as
Curate here. Doubtless this was John Bland who was
ordained Deacon Sept. 24, 1671, and Priest Sept. 21, 1673.
1.
Miscel.,
p. Ill
2.
Vide p.
271.
3.
Vide p.
264.
4.
Vide p.
295.
5.
Vide p.
1334.
Cumrew 269
Christopher Eickeeby, 1674 — 1678.
He signs the Transcripts as Curate during most of those
years; and was afterwards at Castle Carrock.
John Calvert, 1679—1690.
He was ordained Deacon March 15, 1684-5. The
Registers say that he " served the curacy from October,
1679, to July, 1690, and left ye church complete within &
without, and ye people in good order, good Xtians, Soli
deo gratia." He went from Cumrew to Rocliffe,^ and
appears at St. Cuthbert's, Carlisle, in 1678.^
Philip Musgrave, 1690 — 1691.
These are the dates against which his name appears
in the Registers in connection with " Briefs," and his-
license to the place as Deacon is dated Dec. 21, 1690.
John Atkinson, 1695.
John Wilkinson, 1696 — 1697.
He signs in connection with the distribution of the-
Church Stock during these years.
Thomas Addison, 1699—1703.
He signs as Curate in 1699, and concerning him Bishop
Nicolson, in 1703, says : — " I suspected the present Curate
(Mr. Addison) to be a Little Loose; but they say he's
Diligent, &c. His Salary is 81i paid by ye Proctour."^
Probably the person of that name who appears as Curate
of St. Cuthbert's, Carlisle, in 1728, and who is also referred
to under Grinsdale.*
Christopher Rickerby, 1705.
The son of his predecessor of that name. Bishop
Nicolson was evidently much impressed by him as the
following from his Diary shows : —
1705 June 1, Friday. After Dinner examin'd Mr. Railton from
Kirkby- Stephen for priest's Orders, & Mr. Smith (of Richmond) and
1. Vide p. 316.
2. Vide p. 186.
3. Miscel., p. 112.
4. Vide pp. 187, 222.
270 The Ejected of 1662
young Rickarby for Deacons. The last, bred onely at Bampton,
full as good a scholar as ye Cambridge Batchelour. l
In a subsequent entry in his Diary, however, he speaks
much less favourably of him : —
Mar. 19, 1706/7, Tuesday. Mr. Wells of Hesket, with several
of ye Inhabitants of Armthwait ; who all complain of ye Hardships
that are like to come upon them by the Change of their Curate,
young Rickarby (under the Influences of his father) being like to
prove as great a plague to ym as yir late Mr. Hodgson. 2
It would appear from this that he had charge of
Armathwaite as well as Cumrew. The Episcopal Register
says that he was licensed " Curate and Ludimagister at
Cumrew" June 4, 1705.
Tnos. Hunter, 1710—1724.
He was instituted Curate April 13, 1710.
1. Trans. (N.S.), vol. iii, p. 11,
2. Ibid., p. 45.
lY. CUMWHITTON.
About three miles south west of Castle Carrock is
Cumwhitton, the nearest station being How Mill. The
Church is dedicated to St. Jlary. The Eegisters begin in
1694; Whellan, ignorant of the existence of this book,
says 1731. This early volume is " bound in rough boards,
perhaps originally covered with calf, containing 64 leaves
of rough white paper." It is " imperfect," says Mr.
Whitehead, " especially in the marriage entries down to
1711, but nowhere illegible." ^ On a flyleaf are two
baptismal entries dated 1681, one in 1685, and a burial in
1694, the names doubtless being entered in the new book,
because of the importance of the families represented by
them. The following is an imperfect list of persons who
held the Curacy : —
Thomas Milburn, about 1624.
In Lord William Howard's " Household Books " is the
following : —
1624, Nov. 19. Payd to Sr Thomas Milburn, clarke, late Curate
of Cumwhitton for serving the cure thear since my Lord's entrance
to the same xxxs.^
He was at Crosby-on-Eden in 1627.^ Leonard Milburn
was at Castle Carrock during this time, and may have
been a connection.
Alexander Allan, 1629.
The " Household Books " have the following : —
To Mr. Alexander Allen for one quarter's wages for serving the
cure at Cumwhitton due at Christenmas 1629 xxxs. *
Possibly the person referred to under CumreAv. ^
1. Cumberland Parish Registers, Brampton Deanery.
2. P. 219.
3. Vide p. 200.
4. Household Books, p. 270.
5. Vide p. 268.
272 The Ejected of 1662
Richard Gibson, 1633.
The authority for this also are the " Household Books "
from which the following have been extracted : —
1633 Dec. 13. To Richard Gibson Viker of Cumwhitton for his
halfe yeare's wages for serving the cure ther due at St. Thomas*
Daye iijli. i
Adhuc Cumwhitton.
Dec. 13, 1633. Rec. of Rich Gibson Clerk for the halfe year's rent
of the demaine of Cumwhitton due at Martinmas 1633 iijli xs. 2
He is named in this volume until Feb., 1640-1.
Nathaniel Buenand, 1657.
Cumwhitton, like Cumrew, was simply a Chapelry of
Castle Carrock at this time,^ and possibly Burnand
occasionally supplied.
John Stanwix, 1681—1689.
In the Cumrew Registers appears an affidavit of a burial
in woollen dated July 3, 1681, which was written " coram
Johnne Stanwix Curate att Cumwhitton." He «igns the
Transcripts in 1689.
In an Inquisition at Plumpton Wall held Jan. 25, 1687,
in reference to the " rectory and parish of Cumwhitton
and a messuage or tenement in Holme wrangle (in plain-
tiffs possession) in the parish, Tithes," John Bird appears
as the plaintiff and " The Dean and Chapter of the
Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undevided Trinity of
Carlisle " * as the defendants.
William Sommers, 1697.
William Robley, 1703.
Bishop Nicolson is the authority for. the last two names.
Writing of Cumwhitton, in October, 1703, he says: —
Mr. Robley, their new Curate, is not yet resident amongst them ;
but will shortly come, and take the office of teaching out of this
1. Household Books, p. 339.
2. Ibid., p. 279.
3. Vide p. 263.
4. Ex. Dep. Hil., 8 (Rec. Office).
i
I
Cumwhitton 273
illiterate man's [Parish Clerk] hand. They want a Bible, and a
Book of Homilies ; the latter being very Requisite where they have
a Non-preaching Minister. — The Dean and Chapter were lately at
some Charge in provideing a House for the Curate ; which was new-
built for the Accommodation of Mr. Sommers ye late Curate here,
and he (modest and humble as long as onely Schoolmaster) quitted
them soon after he ,had gotten Deacon's Orders. Let not Robley
do ye like. '
Probably this is William Robley who married Margaret
IS'evinson Feb. 17, 1708-9, and was therefore connected
with Bishop Nicholson.
Nicholas Eeay, 1711 — 1718.
He married Elizabeth Morley May 31, 1713, and became
Rector of Nether Denton in 1718, holding along with
that living the Curacy of Farlam.^ He was instituted to
the Curacy of Cumwhitton Nov. 23, 1711. Mr. Whitehead
says he " deserves honourable mention as an exceptionally
careful registrar." ^
1. Miscel., p. 113. The Episcopal Register however gives the date of
his license to the Curacy as May 31, 1706.
2. Vide pp. 276, 277.
3. Cumberland Parish Registers, &c.
V. NETHER DENTON,
This place is some five miles nortii east of Brampton,
the nearest station being Low Row. The Church is
dedicated to St. Cuthbert, and the Registers begin in
1702. The first volume is of parchment and in good
condition. A few leaves at the beginning are clearly a
copy of earlier fragments which have perished, the copy
having been made by Nicholas Reay, formerly Curate
of Cumwhitton and Rector of Nether Denton. The book
is headed thus: —
The Register Book of the Parish of Denton wherein the Day of
every Chrestening Wedding & Burial in the Sd Parish is Registered
since the year of our Lord God 1702.
N.B. The Year of our Lord God still begineth on the 25th day of
March.
The following is a list of Incumbents : — J
Christopher Lowther, 1567 — 1576.
Possibly the person of that name who appears at
Kirkandrews-on-Eden in 1576.^
Miles Matmaugh [Watmaugh], 1576.
William Thompson, 1586.
He was collated April 27, 1586, by Bishop Meye, and
married Grace Dobson at Watermillock on Oct. 24, 1586. ^
Roland Baxter, 1597.
Ralph Snowden, 1620—1633.
He was collated on Sept. 16, 1620, by Bishop Snowden,
who died the year after, and was possibly a relative.
Ralph Snowden died in 1633.
1. Vide p. 216.
2. Watermillock Registers, p. 5.
I
Nether Denton 275
Nicholas Deane, B.A., 1633.
He was collated April 29, 1633, by Bishop Potter.
Doubtless the person of that name who was at Great Orton
in 1623.^ After Nicholas Deane is a large gap which it
has been found impossible to fill up.
William Culcheth, 1667 — 1692.
He was probably the son of Mr. Culcheth mentioned in
Lady Halketh's Autobiography as steward at Naworth
Castle in 1649. ^ The date 1667 is that of the earliest
Transcript of the Nether Denton Registers. It is signed
" W. Culcheth rector." How long he had held the living
previous to this we have no means of knowing. He had the
Stapleton living along with Nether Denton.^
Richard Culcheth, M.A., 1692 — 1703.
He was collated by Bishop Smith, March 17, 1692-3,
and was the son of William Culcheth, his predecessor.
He resigned in 1703, and was at Stapleton, Farlam and
Brampton. *
Thomas Pearson, M.A., D.D., 1703—1717.
He was collated Mar. 13, 1702-3, and is given as the
son of John Pearson of Orton formerly of Brigham.
Respecting him Foster says: — "Queen's Coll. matric.
24 Oct., 1687, aged 18; B.A. 1692, M.A. 12 March, 1695-6,
principal of St. Edmund Hall (9 Aug.) 1707-22, B.D. 1707,
D.D. 1708; rector of Nether Denton, Cumberland, 1703,
and of Sulhampstead Abbots, Berks., 1708; brother of
William." The latter became equally distinguished,
being M.A. of Queen's, and LL.D. of Lambeth.^ There
must, however, be some error in relation to Thomas
Pearson; for he was dead at least five years before 1722,
when he is said to have been Principal of St. Edmund
1. Vide p. 228.
2. Lord William Howard's Household Books, p. 297 note.
3. Vide p. 288.
4. Vide pp. 261, 277, 288.
5. Al. Ox.
276 The Ejected of 1662
Hall. The following entry in the Registers makes that
clear : —
1717 January 27 Mr Thos Pearson Eector of Denton, Buried.
Bishop Nicolson, writing May 7, 1703, speaks of him as
" Mr. Tho. Pearson newly collated to that little Rectory,"
and says that he " will do well enough : all they complain
of being onely his Reading too fast." ^ It is not quite the
language we should expect to be used of so distinguished
a scholar, and it would almost appear that Foster is wrong
in his identification.
Nicholas Reay, 1718 — 1736.
A notice of his burial in the Registers is thus given : —
Sept. 15, 1736, Mr. Nicholas Reay Rector of Denton — Buried.
He had previously been Curate of Cumwhitton.^
A few miles farther north is Over Denton, a reference to
whose peculiar position in the Diocese is given elsewhere.^
There was a Yicar here in 1634, for in Lord William
Howard's " Household Books " the fact is so stated ; and in
1640 a name is given : —
Jan. 20, 1640. To Richard Harrison, Viker of Over Denton for
his halfe yeares wages due at Michelmas 1640 xs.4
The living was held along with Nether Denton by Thomas
Pearson and Nicholas Reay; but, on the death of the
latter, in 1736, it was transferred to Thomas Fawcett,
Curate of Lanercost, whose successors served it until 1859,
when it was annexed to the new Parish of Gilsland.
1. Miscel., p. 3.
2. Vide pp. 273, 277.
3. Vide p. 71.
4. P. 363.
YI. FARLAM.
About three miles south east of Brampton is Farlam.
The Church is dedicated to St. Thomas-a-Becket ; the
Registers date back to, at least, 1663. The oldest is a
parchment volume, somewhat dilapidated, whose writing
is difficult to decipher. It is without covers and contains
baptisms 1665 — 1724, and marriages, 1672 — 1724. On the
first page, however, m.ay be seen the date 1663, but whether
it notes the entry of a baptism, marriage or burial cannot
be determined. A copy was made, in 1886, by Mrs.
Thompson of Farlam Hall. The following is only an
imperfect list of Incumbents : —
Henry Gill, 1674—1695.
Possibly son of Henry Gill of Threshfield, Yorkshire,
who entered Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, from
Sedbergh School, in 1672, at the age of 16 ; and graduated
B.A. in 1675.^ He signs the Transcripts in 1674. His
burial entry reads thus : —
Mr. Henry Gill, Curate, Buried June 25, 1695.
Thomas Milburn, 1700.
Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, refers to him as " an honest
man, and deserves a better Support." ^
Richard CuLCHETH, M.A., 1703. ^
Nicholas Reay, 1718 — 1736.
He was perpetual Curate of Farlam as well as Rector of
Nether Denton.*
1. Sedbergh School Register, p. 91.
2. Miscel., p. 4.
3. Vide pp. 261, 275, 288.
4. Vide p. 276.
VII. LANERCOST.
Lanercost is about three miles north of Brampton,
beautifully sequestered on the banks of the Irthing. The
Priory is a noble pile of ruins, and the Church, dedicated
to St, Mary Magdalene, is part of the venerable structure.
The Registers begin in 1684, the earliest being a thin, flat
volume of paper. The writing, however, is in good
condition and quite legible. In it appears the following :
A true Kegister of ye names of children Baptiz'd in Leonard
Coast pish 1684.
The Registers have been carefully transcribed by the
present Vicar, and were published in 1908. Bishop
Nicolson, in 1703, says: —
There's no Register-Book (either here or at Walton) of anything
done in the parish, before Mr. Dickenson's comeing among 'em ;
which was about Twenty years agoe. The Church of Lanercost was
also put into its present figure in his time.'
The Historians do not help in the matter of the In-
cumbents. The following is an imperfect list : —
Samuel Constantyne, 1666.
In this year he signs the Transcripts; but how long
he had held the living does not appear.
George Cowper, 1667.
He was ordained Deacon Sept. 20, 1668, and Priest
Sept. 25, 1670, being described as of " Chester Dioc.
He signs the Transcripts as " Curate " in that year.
William Birkett, 1668.
He was ordained Deacon Sept. 20, 1668, being given
as " de Lanercost," and Priest Sept. 24, 1671. He signs
the Transcripts in 1668.
1. Miscel., p. 57.
Lanercost 279
Thomas Bell, 1679.
On Sept. 28, 1661, he obtained a license to teach
"pueros," being then " literatus." According to Bishop
Nicolson's Diary he was licensed to Lanercost in 1679.
Almost certainly he is the person of that name who was
subsequently deprived of the Askham living as a Nonjuror.^
His brothers were George and David. The latter succeeded
him at Askham, and we meet with the former at Kirkam-
beck in 1703. ^ Bishop Nicolson has the following in his
Diary : —
Aug. 10, 1704. Geo. Bell and his brother David, likewise at
Dinner ; the latter desireing a Certificate in hopes of being better
preferr'd by his Br. Tom.^
William Dickexson, B.A., 1681—1726.
He was licensed Dec. 8, 1681, and held Walton along
with Lanercost. In the Walton Registers appear the two
following entries : —
1726. Mr. William Dickonson Curate of Leonard Coast & Walton
was Buried June 4th.
1724. Mrs. Chrisogon Dickonson wife of Mr. Will Dickonson
Curate was buried Novr. 27.
The following extracts from the Transcripts are worth
insertion, indicating, as they do, the presence of a
considerable amount of Nonconformist sentiment in the
district of one type or another. They are taken from a
copy in the Jackson Library, Carlisle, made by the late
Mr. Whitehead : —
The following presentments for not coming to Church : —
Geo EUote
John Ellote
John ffoster
Tho. Thompson
Arch. Little
Lane. Twilach
John Lamb.
Geo. Simpson.
Kich. Hetherington
John Taylor
Robt. Jameson
David Lamb
John Hudlasse.
1. Vide p. 1221.
2. Vide p. 281.
3. Trans. (N.S.), vol. ii, p. 202.
28o The Ejected of 1662
John EUote for baptizing his child by another Minister and not
acquainting their own minister with the same.
John Simpson for ye like offence
John ffoster for the same
John Hetherington and Mary Easson for Clandestine Marriage
John Railton for ye game
John Little & [blank] for the like offence
For not paying their dues [blank] Bell de Banks
Robt. Jameson
Armstrong de Highouse
Anne Bell of ye Kenthead house
John Simpson de Highrigg
Tho Carocks of Snowdon Close
John Elliot of ye Twedy hill
Wee p'sent will Richardson of the Ringon hills
Peter Sowdon of ye Bankes
John Tallantire of ye Holme (ffanatics) for refusing Communion
in the church of England.
There is unfortunately no date, but the Presentments
follow the Register for 1677.
Presentments Aug. 9, 1682.
1. Our Church is in good repair and decently kept as becomes ye
house dedicated to ye publick worship of God.
2. We have a large Bible of ye last translation and a Book of
Common Prayer last set forth.
3. Our Churchyard is sufficiently fenced and preserved from
annoyance.
4. The Curate is legally ordained and settled among us he rever-
ently and regularly officiates on the Lord's day and Holy days
instructing ye youth of ye parish in the Church Catechism and
carefully endeavours to reclaim all profane persons pressing the
duties of faith and repentance justice, charity temperance allegiance
and subjection. Lastly he is peacable of a sober conversation and
grave in his demeanour.
5. We have no adultery or fornication committed in ye parish.
6. We have none married clandestinely or without Bans duely
published or license duly obtained.
7. The churchwardens who serv'd for ye last year have made up
their accounts and made the presentments of all things duely pre-
sentable by them not neglecting to doe ye duty of this office.
In 1684-5 among other things they present : —
We have no dissenters but such as are already excommunicate
and denounced accordingly as ye Canons enjoyne.
Kirkambeck 281
Formerly there was a Clmrch at Kirkambeck near by, in
reference to which Bishop IN^icolson, in 1703, says: —
Here are some small Remains of a very little Church ; formerly
a Rectory, and afterwards appropriated to the Abbey of Lanercost.
The parishioners pay a Composition, of so many pecks of Corn from
each Tenement, to Mr. Dacre ; but the Gleab Land (worth about
3li 10s. p. An.) is held, under the Dean & Chapter of Carlile, by
Mr. Geo. Bell. The people suppose themselves to belong to the
parish of Lanercost ; but go most commonly to ye Church at Staple-
ton, when the weather is good and they are sure of meeting with
Divine Service.^
Seventy years later J^icolson and Burn say : —
The fabrick of the church hath long been in ruins, nothing
remaining of it but part of the old walls. No curate is appointed
to take care of the parochial duties. For the rites of baptism and
sepulture, the people commonly repair to the church of Lanercost ;
and for their instruction in religion, they -go thither, or to Stapleton,
or Bewcastle, or where they think fit. 2
1. Miscel., p. 53.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 506.
I
VIII. WALTON.
This is about two miles north, east of Lanercost. The
Church is dedicated to St. Mary ; and the Registers begin
in the same year as the Lanercost Registers, 1684. The
late Mr. Whitehead says : —
Both of these registers, be it noticed, begin at 1684 ; and the
Walton register, like the Lanercost, is manifestly a copy down to
1711. On its cover is a note stating that "this book was bought
March ye 15th 1711;" and doubtless the Lanercost book was bought
at the same time. In 1684-5 the Lanercost churchwardens reported
"A register book of parchment in which are set down the names of
all persons baptized, married, and buried." In like manner the
Walton Churchwardens in 1683-0 report "A register book of parch-
ment wherein we have sett down the names of all persons baptized
maryed and buryed with a transcript thereof caryed every year into
the Bishop's Register." I have now to suggest that whatever register
book was used at Walton or Lanercost before Mr. Dickenson's time,
and for some years after his coming, was common to the two
parishes. The Lanercost transcript for 1668-9 is headed "A true note
of all ye persons baptized married and buried within ye parish of
Leonnardcost and Walton from September ye 12 ('68) till May ye
6 (69) " ; for 1682-3 "A true note of the Register book of Abbey &
Walton " ; and for 1686-7 "A note of the Register Booke of Walton
p'ish and Leonardcost." It is true that in 1682-3 and 1686-7 the
entries from the two parishes are not mixed as in 1668-9, and that
in other years there is no such heading as is above noticed. But
the p. curate may usually have sorted the entries for the transcripts,
while occasionally giving in the heading an incidental sign that there
was only one register book. This arrangement, I suppose, was at
last found to be inconvenient and two new books were procured in
1711, into which the entries from 1684 to 1711, properly sorted, were
forthwith copied.'
Still it needs to be stated that there are separate
Transcripts, which begin in 1666, though in the earlier
years the entries are much mixed. The two livings appear
to have been held in Plurality, at least, from 1666, and
under Lanercost will be found particulars of the In-
cumbents.2
1. Cvmiberland Parish Registers, &c.
2. Vide p. 278.
I
IX. IRTHIj^GTON.
Irthington is a little to the north west of Brampton.
The Church is dedicated to St. Kentigern. The Registers
begin in 1704; but a few interpolated entries bear datea
1691 and 1692. The following is a list of Incumbents: —
Egbert Dobsox, 1585 — 1589.
Foster sajs of a person of this name : — "Of Cumberland,
pleb. Queen's Coll. matric. 1582, aged 23 ; B.A. from
St. Edmund Hall 4 May, 1583." i In all probability
this was the Irthington Rector.
Leonard Scott, 1589 — 1597.
Foster names a Leonard Scott among his Oxford Alumni,
who was the son of Bernard Scott, Yicar of Bampton,
and matriculated Queen's College, 1634, at the age of 20.^
A person of this name appears at Castle Sowerby in 1585,
and Skelton in 1598.^ According to Xicolson and Burn
he died in 1597. *
Joseph Lowden, M.A., 1597 — 1612.
He was at Kirkbampton in 1598,^ holding that living-
probably in Plurality with the Irthington one. He died
in 1612.
Richard Lowden, M.A., 1612.
He was instituted July 12, 1612, and was possibly
the son of his predecessor. How long he remained is not
known.
Anthony Salkeld, 1630-1642. .
He was collated by Bishop Potter Jan. 19, 1630; and
resigned in 1642.
1. AI. Ox.
2. Ihid.
3. Vide pp. 479, 492.
4. Nicol^on and Burn, vol. ii, p. 486.
5. Vide p. 606.
284 The Ejected of 1662
Richard Sibson, B.A., 1642.
Instituted by " Isaac Singleton and John Hasty, masters
of arts, Commissioners of Arclibishop Uslier," on a
Presentation by Sir Tbomas Dacre, Knight, in 1642.^ A
person of this name appears at Troutbeck in 1656.^
John Theakstoa', B.A., 1661—1666.
He was instituted Oct. 8, 1661, and held the living of
Crosby-on-Eden at the same time.^ The Institution Books
give the name of the place as " Erdington."
Philip Fielding, M.A., 1666—1692.
He was instituted Sept. 16, 1666, on a Presentation by
Thomas Dacre, Mil.*
John Gosling, 1692 — 1731.
He was ordained Deacon Dec. 21, 1684, and instituted
to Irthington on Sept. 12, 1692, on the Presentation of
" Henr. Dacre Ar." He held the living until his death in
1731. Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1703, is especially
severe in his strictures upon him : —
The Vicarage-House lyes in most Scandalous Ruines. It fell in
the time of ye present Vicar, Mr. Goslin; who is the wretched and
beggarly father of ten poor Children, Seven whereof are with him.
One girl he has at Service; one a Boy 'prentice to a Glover at
Brampton, and another to a Black-Smith. He has a Gleab worth
71i and ownes the whole Liveing to be better than 251i P. Ann. 5
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 486.
2. Vide p. 1048.
3. Vide p. 205.
4. Vide pp. 205, 260.
5. Miscel., p. 52; vide also his Diary for a reference to his intem-
perance (Trans. (N-S.), vol. iv, p. 4).
X. HAYTON.
This village is about three miles south east of
Brampton, the nearest station being How Mill, a mile
and a half away. The Church is dedicated to St. Mary.
The Registers here are the most dilapidated of any I
have seen. They consist of mere fragments of paper
ranging over about a hundred years. All the pages are
more or less worn, some beyond all recognition. The
following, however, states what has been done with a view
to their preservation : —
This old Register dating back to 1619, which was in a condition
all but impossible to be improved has been restored in a wonderful
manner by Mr. Thomas Walters of Newcastle-on-Tyne. I have since
gone over the Copies of the Hayton Transcripts in the Diocesan
Registry, Carlisle, dating from 1665 with the result that we have now
the most perfect record of Baptisms, Marriages and Burials which
it is possible to obtain.
I am pleased to have had the privilege of bringing about such a
result both in the Restoration and the record. It is my last
parochial Effort after an Eventful period.
Hayton Vicarage, J. Wallace, M.A.
May 3, 1893.
On another page is the following : —
The additions made by me have been written on the new paper
in order not to interfere with the Originals.
J. W.
The plan adopted is to place each fragment in the centre
of a page of the book fitted to receive it, to which it is
fastened with transparent paper, the whole being bound
into a good, strong volume. It is ingeniously done, and,
though the word " restore," is perhaps not the appropriate
one to use in relation to it, the precious fragments are now
likely to be preserved for many years to come. Unfortunately
in the case of much of it the writing has become quite
286 The Ejected of 1662
indecipherable. The early dates cannot be distinguished ;
but the one above given is approximately correct. The
Histories have not a sentence about any Incumbent
belonging to the period with which we are concerned.
The following is the best available list : —
Christopher Knight, 1627.
This name is put forth doubtfully, because the read-
ing in the Registers is by no means clear as to the
first part of it. It appears to be as follows : — "
Chrestopher ( ?) Knight Cler. baptizatus September, 1627."
Lord Howard's " Household Books " contain the following,
but they do little to illuminate the darkness in reference
-to the Knight family. They merely show that they were
a family of considerable importance : —
Hayton Dec. 17, 1633. Rec. of Chrestopher Knight for the
half years rent of a tenement ther late Thompson's xxxs, '
June 12, 1634. Rec. of Chrestopher Knight, scone of Chrestopher
late deceased and Bailiffe ther as parcell of the issues of his office,
due at Pentecost 1634 vijli xvij s. October 4. Rec. of Widdow Knight
for the halfe yeare's rent of one tenement ther late Thompson's
xxxs. '
Thomas Knight, 1641—1677.
He was ordained Priest Dec. 14, 1623. The following
entries respecting Thomas Knight, the Incumbent, appear
in the Registers : —
Chrestoferus filius Thomas Knight, r [Vicar or Cler.] de
Hayton baptizatus fuit die Novembr 1641.
Maria filia Thomas Knight de Hayton Cler. Sepulta fuit xi die
May 1641. filia Thomas Knight Cler. die Novembr 1644.
Isabell the daughter of Thomas Knight Minister buried the 5th
dale of October 1646.
Margarett the wife of Thomas Knight of Hayton Minister buried
the 20th dale of June 1647.
Thomas Knight is mentioned as " Minister " in June,
1666 ; he is referred to as " Curate " in 1672, and up to
1677. Whether this is the same person throughout has
1. P. 278.
2. Ibid.
I
Hay ton 287
not been ascertained ; but, if so, there would appear to
have been a continuous ministry, through all the changes
of the Commonwealth and Restoration. The late Mr.
Whitehead says : —
This register, alone of the registers in Brampton deanery, is
extant from a time earlier than the Restoration ; but, unlike most of
the pre-Restoration registers, it does not contain a single trace of the
changes in registration ordered by the Barebones Parliament. Nor
can any indication be detected in its pages of disturbance arising
from the Civil Wars and Commonwealth. It pursues the even tenor
of its way just as if no such events had occurred. '
It is well not to be too dogmatic in these matters in
the absence of positive evidence. The area was a very
disturbed one; and if Thomas Knight exercised a con-
tinuoiis ministry, as previously suggested, it was doubtless
because he somewhat adjusted himself to the changes of
the times.
George Hodgson, 1680.
lie was subsequently at Ainstable.^
Cheistopher B/ICkerby, 1681 — 1717.
His name appears as Curate in these dates and he was
licensed as such April 16, 1681. He held the Castle
Carrock living as well.^
Among the marriage entries occur the following, which
unfortunately are seriously mutilated. The Minister
named was undoubtedly Nathaniel Burnand, then at
Castle Carrock : —
Thomas Graine of Hayton
Knight of the same
of Februarie 1657
Burnam Minister of-
Richard Milborne of-
Ellis Skellicke of Tal [Talkin]
married the same daie
by the sd Minister.
1. Cumberland Registers, &c.
2. Vide p. 404.
3. Vide p. 265.
XI. STAPLETON.
ALont eight miles north of Brampton and midway
between Bewcastle and Kirklinton is Stapleton. The
Church is dedicated to St. Mary and the Registers begin
in 1745, the older ones having disappeared. The following
is a list of Incumbents : —
HexVry Hudson, 1603—1606.
He was instituted Oct. 7, 1603. The Hudsons of
Cumberland and Westmorland sent many into the
ministry of the Church, and Foster has a large list in
his Oxford Alumni; but no Henry appears among them.
There was, however, a person of that name at Brampton
in 1600 and Brigham in 1617.^
Gawin Blayth, 1606.
This is a new name, Nicolson and Burn leaping over
eighty years after naming Henry Hudson. He was
instituted Oct. 22, I6O6.2
William Culcheth, 1669 — 1683.
The Transcripts supply the first date, though he had
probably held the living for some time previously. He
had Nether Denton as well, and resigned in 1683 in favour
of his son.^
Richard Culcheth, M.A., 1683—1714.*
He was instituted May 26, 1687. Bishop Nicolson,
writing of the place and the " Parson," in 1703, does not
spare either. He says : —
The parishioners follow the Example of their Parson ; and have
the Body of the Church in as nasty a pickle as the Quire. The Eoof
is so miserably Shatter'd and broken, that it cannot be safe sitting
1. Vide pp. 250, 747.
2. Institution Books (Record OfiBce).
3. Vide p. 275.
4. Vide pp. 261, 275, 277.
Stapleton 289
under it (considering upon what an Ascent the Church stands) in
stormy weather. Not one pane of Glass in any of the Windows ; no
Reading-Desk ; nor did they ever hear that they had a Bell. The
Font is abominable, the Seats most scurvily low, (and in a word)
everything very wretched. They hapned to bring a Corpse to be
buryed (according to the custom of the place) without any Service,
whilst we were there. I desired Mr. Benson, my Chaplain, to
Officiate : But he could find onely some few Scraps of a Common-
prayerbook, and an insufferably torn Bible of the old Translation.
There was no Surplice to be found ; nor did ever any such thing (as
far as any present could remember) belong to this Church. One of
'em told us that sometimes, on an Easter-day, the Parson had
brought a Surplice with him ; had Administer'd ye Sacrament in it :
But even that Ordinance (amongst the rest) was most commonly
celebrated without one. The present Rector (Mr. Culcheth) is Mr. of
Arts ; and has alwaies been represented to me as one of a good
Conversation. His Father & he have many years kept this Liveing ;
and are answerable for all its Deficiencyes. ^
James Jackson, B.A., 1714—1771.
Foster gives the following : — " Son of John of
Cockbridge, Cumberland, pp. Queen's Coll. matric. 10
March, 1706-7, aged 17; rector of Scaleby and of
Stapleton, (both Cumberland) 1714." 2 He held the living
until his death in 1771.
1. Miscel., p. 55.
2. Al. Ox.
XII. SCALEBT.
Scaleby is about six miles north east of Carlisle, Scaleby
Castle, long the residence of the Gilpin family, being the
centre of the district. The Church is dedicated to All Saints.
The Registers begin in 1724. This early volume, which
is of parchment, was given, along with an engraved, silver
gilt chalice, by William Gilpin of Scaleby Castle, son of
Dr. Gilpin, and singularly enough his is the first burial
entry which it contains.^ The following is the list of In-
cumbents : —
Christopher Witton, 1587 .
He was instituted June 18th, 1587, and was previously
at Cliburn.2
Thomas Kirkby.
No information whatever.
Thomas Sibson, 1605.
This is a new name. He was instituted April 18, 1605.
Thomas Wilson, 1641.
A person of lihis name, " literatus," was ordained
Deacon Dec. 22, 1622, being given as of " Cest Dio."
Foster says : — "Of co. Durham, pleb. Queen's Coll. matric.
17 Nov. 1581, aged 18, B.A. 7 Feb. 1583-4, M.A. 7 July,
1586 ; perhaps rector of Scaleby, Cumberland, 1600." ^
The latter date must be incorrect. He died in 1641.
There was a Thomas Wilson at Crosby-on-Eden in 1585.*
William Green, M.A., 1642.
He was collated May 21, 1642, and at the same time com-
pounded for his First Fruits. Foster gives a number of
1. Trans. (N. S.), vol. viii, p. 378.
2. Vide p. 1242.
3. Al. Ox.
4. Vide p. 200.
Scaleby 291
persons of this name in his Oxford Alumni; but he does
not identify the Scaleby Rector. A person of this name
was at Bootle in 1647.^
Robert Priestman, 1662 — 1679.
He was collated on Feb. 4, 1662, by Bishop Sterne, and
signs the Transcripts in 1671 as " Robert Priestman
Minister ibm." Under Kirklinton fuller information
about him appears.^
Nathaniel Bowey, 1680 .
He was collated by Bishop Rainbow Aug. 26, 1680.^
James Jackson, B.A., 1713 — 1723.
He held Stapleton some part of this time also.'*
The following Presentments were made in 1694 : —
1694. There are dissenters called Quakers in our pish that have
not subscribed ye declaration of fidelity to their Majesties nor to our
knowledge have pformed the oathes, things required in ye Said
Articles viz.
John pearson
Tho : Bulman
James Blacklocke
Tho : Gibson
John Scot
Tho. Scot
Edward Tweddle
Tho : Scot. 6
1. Vide p. 860.
2. Vide p. 309.
3. Vide p. 206.
4. Vide p. 289.
5. Scaleby Transcripts
XIII. BEWCASTLE.
This is the most northern Parish with which we are
concerned, being some ten miles north of Brampton, and
close to the range of hills which divides Cumberland from
Northumberland. The Church is dedicated to St. Cuth-
bert, and the Registers begin in 1737. " The Incumbents
of this church," write Nicolson and Burn, " living obscure
in this remote part of the diocese have nothing memorable
recorded of them." ^ It is curious that this place should
be singled out for a comment of that kind, because its
isolated character preeminently fits it to be the centre of
much romance; and, while most of the others were more
than average men, with at least one name, William
Patrick, tradition has linked some very " memorable "
adventures.
The following is the list : —
William Lawson, 1580.
Foster gives several of this name as Alumni of Oxford,
but he identifies none with the Bewcastle Incumbent. A
person of this name was at Wigton in 1592, and at
Hutton-in-the-Forest in 1612. ^
Charles Forebench, M.A., 1623.
He was instituted on the 25th of April, 1623, on a
Presentation by the King. A person of this name under
Henny Magna, Essex, appears among the 1660 Petitioners
to the House of Lords. ^
William Patrick, 1632.
This name is not given by "Nicolson and Burn. He is
described as " a notorious freebooter," who had John
Nelson as his Curate.
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 478.
2. Vide pp. 520, 486.
3. H. M. C. Seventh Report, Part I, p. 106.
I
Bewcastle 293
Henry Sirson, D.D., 1644.
He appears in that year among the contributors to the
Carlisle garrison.^
Egbert Lowther, B.C.L., 1663—1670.
He was instituted May 29, 1663, on a Presentation by
the Dean and Chapter. Foster has the following respect-
ing him : " B.C.L. from Jesus College 11 Oct. 1631 (S. of
William of Ingleton, Yorks), rector of Ingleton, and of
Bentham, Yorks, 1660, sequestered; rector of Bewcastle,
Cumberland, 1663 ; chancellor of Carlisle 1666 ; brother of
Lancelot 1624." ^ It would have been well if the auth-
ority for the statement of his Sequestration had been
given. Walker does not name him in his list, and 1660
is a late date for a " Sequestration." It also appears from
the following that his appointment to Bewcastle was
anterior to the date supplied by the Institution Books
unless we are to assume a second Institution.
Mr.
Lowther.
Dispensacon to Mr. Robert Lowther of Carlesley to hold Bentham
in Com. Ebor. & Diocess Cestriens wth Bewcastle Com Camb [Cumbr]
& Diocess of Carlesle both Rectorys 17 Feby 1661-2. 3
He compounded for his First Fruits at Bentham in 1660.
The Registers of St. Mary's Church, Carlisle, give the
following : —
1665 Abbeygate Eliz. ye daughter of Robert Lowther Chancel, ye
last dale [April].
Burial Hen. ye Sonne of Mr. Robert Lowther ye 5th daie
[January] 1661-2.
1665 Rebecca Lowther wife of Robt Chanclr ye 5 Decembr.
buried.
1670 Abbeyg. Mr. Robert Lowther Buried ye 8 daie November.
1. Vide p. 134.
2. Al. Ox.
3. S. P. Dom. Entry Book, 1661-1662, Eccleeiastical Benefices.
(Record Office.)
294 I'h® Ejected of 1662
The following also occurs, though whether he was any
relation is not known : —
1671 October Mr. Richard Lowther a stranger buried ye 7th.
In 1667 John Roper served as Curate.
Ambrose Myers, M.A., 1671—1673.
He was instituted July 8, 1671, on a Presentation by
the Dean and Chapter. Foster says : " S. Briscoe of
Staindrop, co. Durham, deceased, sizar St. John's Coll, 28
May 1662 aged 16 ; B.A. 1665-6, M.A. 1669 ; incorporated
11 July 1676, rector of Bewcastle, Cumberland."^ He
died in 1673.
George Usher, B.D., 1673.
He was instituted June 11, 1673, being also Rector of
Arthuret. ^ In an Inquisition taken at Longtown, April
19, 1679, he appears as plaintiff in a dispute, with Henry
Foster as defendant, respecting the " Rectory and parish
of Bewcastle Grounds called ' Kirsop ' and Blackleven,
and the parish of Kirkanders, miles and bounds, Tithes."*
In 1686 William Frazer was serving him as Curate. Frazer
was M.A. of Aberdeen and ordained Priest March 15,
1684-5.
James Lamb, M.A., 1689—1698/9.
He received Institution July 26, 1689, on a Presentation
from the Dean and Chapter of Carlisle ; and for some time
held the Lectureship at Carlisle. He resigned March 23,
1698/9, and was subsequently at Appleby.*
Jeffrey Wybtjrgh, LL.B., 1699.
He was a graduate of Trinity College, Cambridge, and
was instituted July 14, 1699, on the same Presentation.
He held the living for a few months only, being subse-
1. Al. Ox.
2. Vide p. 305.
3. Excheq. Dep. East. 11. (Rec. Off.)
4. Vide pp. 184, 1136.
Bewcastle 295
quently at Lamplugh and Caldbeck. ^ Foster says : " S.
of G. ( ? Galfridus) of Innerdale, Cumberland pp. Queen's
Coll. matric. 3 Nov. 1688, aged 17; rector of Bewcastle
1699, of Lamplugh 1700 and of Caldbeck (all) Cumberland
1701." 2
There are numerous references to him in Bishop
Nieolson's Diaries, from which it appears that he was in
the habit of contracting serious debts. He was in prison
for such in 1708 and in 1712 is described as " in a poor
state," out of prison but not out of debt. ^ The Cocker-
mouth Registers give the baptism of " Thomas Son of Mr.
Jeffrey Wibergh " on " ye 7th 1674." Of course this is
not the same person,
Edwaed Tonge, M.A., 1700—1713.
He was instituted January 3, 1700/1, on the same Pre-
sentation. Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, says: —
The Parsonage- House is lately rebuilt by Mr. Tong ; who has
made it a pretty convenient Dwelling. Into this, Mr. Allen (the
Curate, who also assists Mr. Culcheth at Stapleton) is now remove-
ing his family. The Man's a poor ejected Episcopalian of the
Scottish Nation. The Men of Beaucastle would be well content with
him, if they had him wholly (as in Justice they ought) to them-
selves. 4
Matthew Soulby, 1713—1737.
He was previously at Greystoke and Watermillock. He
died September 28, 1737. ^
It will be noticed that there is a considerable gap about
the time of the Restoration, which we have no means of
removing.
The following Presentments were made in 1667 and
1686 respectively : —
Bewcastle ye 28 of June 1667.
We present John Armestrong of Cleughside and Jane Armestrong
for committing of ffornication. Wee present Jeffrey Bowerbye and
1. Vide pp. 553, 776.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Trans. (N. S.), vols, i— v.
4. Miscel., p. 57 : for Allen or Allan vide pp. 268, 271.
5. Vide p. 512.
296 The Ejected of 1662
Jennett Ffoster for ye like. Wee present Adam Eoutledge of ye
Cragge and Elizabeth Ffoster of thys pish for ye like. We present
Annie Nixon for bearing a child to Archibald ye supposed ffather.
John Roper, Curate.
William Croser, Churchwarden.
1686. The presentments of the Parish of Bewcastle Imprimis the
dissenters from the Church are those following
Adam Hogg of the Crew
John Armstrong of the Flatt
Thomas Routledge of the Low Toddhills, Quaker
James Routledge of Nixonstown Quaker
Thomas Nixon, Quaker
Rowland Ffoster of Low Grange
Signed William Frazer, Curate.^
1. Trans. (N.S.), vol. ii, p. 242. St. Cuthbert's Church, Bewcastle.
by J. F. Curwen, F.R.I.B.A. A very useful article.
r
XIV. KIEKANDEEWS-ON-ESK.
This place is a few miles north of Longtown, near the
Scottish border. The nearest station is Scotch Dyke. The
Church is dedicated to St. Andrew; and the earliest
Register Book is a small, square volume of paper, in good
condition, except that the edges are a little frayed away.
The writing is beautiful, and the book begins with
" Weddings," under date Sep. 28, 1654 : burials begin
with Aug. 14, 1654. There is, however, an unfortunate
break from 1658 to 1683, and it is clear that a number of
pages have gone. A feature of the Registers is the record
of births instead of baptisms in the first few pages. The
following is a list of Incumbents : —
Charles Usher, M.A., 1637—1650.
He was the first Rector, the Parish having been newly
created, though a Church had been in existence for some
years previously. His Institution was on Aug. 28, 163T,
on a Presentation by " Richard Graham Mil. et Baronet."
Dr. Todd says that Charles Usher was a relation of the
patron. He was a contributor to the besieged garrison in
Carlisle, in 1644, to the extent of £3 Os. Od.,^ and was
sequestered by the Cromwellian Commissioners. He is
said to have been out of his living about ten years ; if that
is correct the Sequestration would be about 1650.
Thomas Courtxey, 1650—1660 ( ?).
Both Calamy and Palmer give this as the name of the
person who was ejected from Kirkandrews. It is unfor-
tunate that the statement leaves us in doubt as to the exact
place, being in Calamy merely : " Kirkanders : Mr. Tho.
1. Vide p. 134.
298 The Ejected of 1662
Courtney." ^ Palmer in no way improves upon this, the
only change being that he inserts '" h " into the place
name, and gives us " Kirkhanders." ^ The evidence,
however, such as it is, points to Kirkandrews-on-Esk and
not Kirkandrews-on-Eden. We have no information
about Thomas Courtney beyond the fact that he preached
at Carlisle during the " vacancy " of Ministers there.^
Foster gives quite a number of " Courtneys " or " Court-
enays " among his Oxford Alumni, all from Cornwall and
Devon ; and it may be that Thomas Courtney was a native
of those parts, and that after his Ejection he went thither.
Certainly he disappears from this district. Edward
Wiltshire, referring to these matters, says that after the
Sequestration of Charles Usher, " then an Incumbent
distinct from ye Rector of Arthuret was put into ye Living
of Kirkandrews-upon-Eske, Who enjoy'd ye sd Living
and its profits till Mr. Usher was restored." *
Charles Usher, M.A., 1660—1681/2
In June, 1660, immediately after the Restoration, like
many others, Charles Usher petitioned the House of Lords
for restoration to his living. The following is a copy of
his Petition : —
To ye Eight Honble ye Lords in
Parliament Assembled.
The Humble Petition of Charles
Usher Clerk, of Kyrk-Andrews
in ye County of Cumberland.
Sheweth,
That ye Rectory of Kyrk-Andrews Aforesayd was divers years
since Sequestred from yor Petnr by ye Powers then in being for his
affection to ye Late King of blessed Memory.
Your Petnr humbly prayeth yt a fifth part of ye Profits of ye
Rectory aboue sayd wth ye Arrears thereof be forthwith payd unto
yor Petnr & ye Rents, issues & profits of ye sayd Rectory secured in
1. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 159.
2. Noncon. Mem., vol. i, p. 388.
3. Vide p. 154 and note 2.
4. The Registers and Account Books of Kirkandrews-upon-Esk, by
Chancellor Ferguson, p. 293.
Kirkandrews-on-Esk 299
ye hands of some reasonable men untill ye Parliamnt take farther
order therein, or yor Petnr restored thereunto by due course of Law.
& yor Petnr shall pray
Charles Usher.
23 Junii 1660.
Charles Usher Cler. Expd.i
No Certificates appear upon this document. Tlie Peti-
tion was successful. Charles Usher signs the Registers in
1668; and he held the living until his death. The
following is the record of his burial : —
Mr. Charles Usher the first Rector since ye Church was rebuilt
of the Parish Church of Kirkanders deceased the eleventh day of
January & was buried in his own Parish Church the sixteenth day
following 1681-2.
William Graham, M.A., D.D., 1682—1685.
Foster says : " S. of George of Netherby, Cumberland,
bart. Christ Church matric. 3 July 1674, aged 18; B.A.
1678, M.A. 11. March 1680-1, D.D. (by diploma) 14 June
1686; licensed (Y.G.) 26 Sept 1688 to marry Mary Offaly,
of the Strand, Middlesex, spinster ; prebendary of Durham
1684, and rector of Kirkandrews-on-Esk, 1682, of Whick-
ham, Cumberland [must be a mistake for Durham] 1685-
1713, chaplain in Ordinary to Princess Anne of Denmark,
dean of Carlisle, and of Wells 1704, until his death 4 Feb.
1712-13 ; buried at Kensington." ^ if all the statements
above given are correct he must have been a Pluralist.
His Institution to Kirkandrews is thus noticed in the
Registers : —
Mr. William Graham, the Second Rector of the Parish of Kirk-
anders was instituted into this Church ye 6th day of Aprill 1682 by
Mr. George Usher rector of Arthuret.
The date given in the Institution Books is March 27,
1682; and the patron " Comes Preston," &c.
1. House of Lords' Library. H. M. C, Seventh Report, Parti, p. 108.
2. Al. Ox.
300 The Ejected of 1662
Edward Wiltshire, M.A., 1685—1730.
He was instituted Nov, 20, 1685, on the same Presenta-
tion. In the Registers appears the following: —
Memorandum that Mr. Edward Wiltshire Mr. of Arts was Inducted
into this Rectory of Kirkanders together wth the Rights and Appur-
tenances thereunto belonging upon the Thirtyeth day of January 1685
And pformed all what the Law requires after Such Induction upon
Sunday the 31st of the said Instant being ye next day after.
J. Todd.
The following also supplies us with some further
information about him : —
I Edward Wiltshire came down wth my family out of Lincoln-
shire to Kirkandrews-upon-Eske June 10th 1686, And found ye parish
Church in such a Ruinous condition that had it staid a yeare longer it
would have fallen I got it Repair'd into ye condition it is now in, at a
small expense to my parishioners, The Repairing of ye Church has
not cost them one yeare wth another twenty shillings a yeare. The
parish Repairs ye porch, church and Vestry, But I as Rector do
Repaire ye Chancel at my own proper Cost. The parish Repairs ye
church yard gates and fence. The Lady Dowager Preston gave a
pulpit cloth, a pulpit cushion. And a comon prayer book to my
church, And five pounds towards the flagging of the church, The
Lord Preston Repairs his own seat.
Witness my hand
Edw. W'iltshire, Rector,*
The baptism is thus recorded of : —
Isabell daughr of Edw. Wiltshire Cler. & Anne his wife bap. Oct.
7. 1690.
In the Brampton Registers is the following : ■
1692. Mr. Edward Wiltshire Rector of Kirkandrs upon Eske and
Judith ffeilding of ye parish of Brampton were married Sep. 29.
Probably she was the widow of Philip Fielding, Ticar
of Brampton, who had died in the June previous. In the
Kirkandrews Churchyard is a tombstone thus inscribed : —
Judith, second wife of Edward Wiltshire Rector of this Church
who departed this life on Thursday the third of January in the sixty
ninth year of her age Anno Domini 1716-17.
1. The Registers of Kirkandrews, &c., p. 299.
Kirkandrews-on-Esk 301
There is no record of Edward Wiltshire's own burial in
the Registers, but he died in 1730.
It was during his Incumbency that Dr. Todd, Rector of
Arthuret, put forth a claim to the tithes of the Parish of
Kirkandrews, as well as those of Arthuret, on the ground
that the former had not been legally divided from it.
Edward Wiltshire undertook to answer this claim, and he
did so with considerable ability and skill. The docu-
ments on both sides were printed by the late Chancellor
Ferguson in the paper referred to in this account several
times. ^ Edward Wiltshire was one of few men in his
Diocese for whom Bishop Nicolson had words of unrestrained
praise. 2 He appears to have been on somewhat intimate
terms with the Bishop, who has the following curious entry
in his Diary respecting him : " Oct. 3. Tuesday [1704] Mr.
Wiltshire hill of ye Running dry of Liddel, a forerunner
of ye death of all or [our] last Kings.^
In the possession of the present Rector is a fine old oak
chest, which almost certainly was formerly the property
of Richard Baxter, the distinguished divine. The carving
is rough, and a small door in front, near the top, has upon
it the following : —
X God X
is
X Love. X
Richard Baxter was born at Eaton Constantine, Salop,
^on a small farm, whose effects had not been disturbed
tsiDce the days of the Stuarts; and this chest was part of
the furniture.
1. The Kegisters of Kirkandrews, &c.
2. Mi.scel., pp. 141, 212.
3. Trans. (N. S.), vol. ii, 209.
XY. ARTHURET.
The Church of this name is about a mile from Longtown,
and is dedicated to St. Michael and All Angels. There
are no Registers here earlier than the 18th Century, the
older ones having perished. There is, however, a well
bound volume by Dr. Todd, which contains much inter-
esting information and is thus described by its author : — •
Liber Rationum Ecclesiae Parochialis de Arthuret infra Dioeceseon
Carleolensem et Comitatum Cumbriae Ano Domini M.DCXCIX
Rectore D.D. Hugone Todd, S.T.P. Ecclesiae CoUegialis et
Cathedralis Carliol Canonico.
The following extracts are taken from it : —
Novr 10.
Martinmas
Eve.
A.D. 1687 in the Night There hapened a very high Flood wch
endangered the whole Holm. The Wind blew hard from West N.W.
with a high Spring Tide. There had been little or no Rain ; and the
Rivers of Esk and Line' were not mov'd. It did great Damage at ye
Burnfoot, Lardstow Stew House & Stagmyre And at ye Broad-brest
were drowned one woman and her 4 children ; & one other boy.
Arthurett or Arthuredd or Arthur-hured, has its Mame from the
famous King Arthur ; King of the Ancient Britons ; in whose Time
there was a Battle fought here (probably) on the Moor Called by that
Name. In Latin — a — . [Not given.] There is no Place particularly
called Arthuret ; but the Parsonage and Church ; wch give Denomina-
tion to the whole parish. The Church is Dedicated to St. Michael ;
stands on an Eminence, as most Churches doe : that are dedicated to
That Saint. It was Anciently in a very poor Condition : of a narrow
building and covered with Heather or Ling : It & the Parish having
been frequently lay'd .waiste by the Scotts as appears by the Bp's
Register.
Anciently the Parish was of much greater Extent, as appears by
the Boundary prefix'd : and in the Valuation taken 21. Edw. I. it is
rated at 401i & the Vicarage at 301i per Annu tho in ye Book of Rates
taken 26 H. 8. not long after the Battle of Sollem-Moss when all the
I
i
Arthuret
303
Country was almost laid Waiste, it was valued only, the Rectory at
2li — 0 — 0 and the Vicaridge at Olli — 02 — 00. Under wch Valuation it
Stands now in the Kings-Books so payes no first Fruits to the King ;
for both The Tenths OOli— 06— 04. In the year lb09 The old Church
was taken down and the New Falosch' erected ; as appears by the
Date sett over the Porch-door. The Expenses were supply'd by a
Brief, granted by K James I. to that purpose ; who, endeavouring by
two Proclamations, to abolish the very Name of Borders, was very
cjirefull to have the Concerns of Religion well provided for, in these
Parts. Tis commonly reported (by Some that can remember the
Building of the Church) That Bolts were cast & ready in Kendall ;
& that the Persons employ'd to fetch them went off with the money
ruined.
Called Chapple-Eusten The Chap-
pie Stood till the Civil Warrs 1640
when it was neglected. At the
Restoration of K Ch. II. 1660 Mr.
Constable caused a chappie of Earth
to be built in a very poor manner ;
whereat he preach 'd once a Month
for some years. This is now quite
ruined.
At Easten there was a Chappie
somewhat Independent of the Church
(a sort of Vicaridge under the Rec-
tory) wch had a Vicar of its own
& was valued distinct from the Rec-
tory ; but of late years this Rector
has had Possession to both, by one
Institution and Induction.
I
The The Revenues (?) of this chappie appear yet, and I
Inhabitants intend to have it united again for the Ease & Benefit
did of that Quarter of the Parish. Some have been buryd
oppose in the Chappie yard in Memory of Man. The Condi-
the tion of the Living, & the Right to at least the Title
Division to Present to it have been very various and uncertain.
It was first a Rectory : then Appropriated to the
Abbat & Convent of Jeddboragh Then a Rectory again
and sometimes the King of England Presented to it ;
Sometimes the Abbat & Convent of Jeddard ; and
sometimes the Private Persons. All wch Differences
and Disorders seem to have been settled 5 Ed. 6. when
the Bounds of the Kingdoms wiere ascertained by
Comissioners ; & the Dyke call'd the Scotch Dyke
made. Then upon the Death of that Prince they
broke out again ; for Queen Eliz. was so incensed at
the Rudeness of the People of these Parts, that Shee
sent Soldiers to burn their Houses, and Transported
two Ship-load of them (most of the name of Grahme)
to BrislI & Flushing in Holland ; and never suffered
them to return, never all of them.
1. Nicolson and Burn (vol. ii, p. 474) speak of the Chapel Flosh.
304 The Ejected of 1662
The following is a list of Incumbents : —
Michael Frissell, 1565.
He was instituted on the Srd of Sept., 1565.
CUTHBERT CURWEN, D.D., 1618—1639.
The first is the date given by Dr. Todd in the book just
named. Cuthbert Curwen was a younger brother of
Christopher Curwen of Camerton, a branch of the Curw^ns
of Workington Hall. He went from St. Bees School to
Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, in 1586, and probably became
Rector of Ai-thuret much earlier than the date given by
Dr. Todd. He is frequently referred to in Lord William
Howard's "Household Books" as "the Doctor," and was in
the habit of sending " geese " to Naworth. The following
is a specimen : " Rewards 1618 Nov. 12. To parson
Curwen's man bringing geese vs." ^
In his " Case " for the unity of the two Parishes, Dr.
Todd says : —
In ye yeare 1636, the Rector of Arthuret, Cuthbert Curwen,
D.D., being sick and aged, and happening to differ with ye patron
about some gleab land, who had not long before purchased ye
advowson of the Rectory and ye lands of ye whole parish of Arthuret ;
The patron having great power among his Tenants wthout any Act
of Parliament or Letters patent from ye King for wt he did Repairs
another ruinated chappell wthin ye p'cincts of ye sd parish neare to
his own mansion house, And attempts to make it parochial and
independent of ye mother church. '
Cuthbert Curwen resigned in 1639, the Bishop accepting
the resignation on Dec. 5th of that year, and he died
shortly after. Bishop ISTicolson, writing in 1704, says that
before the altdr in the Church was a monument thus
inscribed: " Cuthbertus Curwen. S.T.P.R. 1642." ^
His Will, dated June 28, 1639, directs that his body
shall be buried in the " Chancell of the pish Church of
Arthuret." In a codicil, dated Feb. 7, 1639-40, he recalls
and makes void certain provisions of his previous Will.
1. P. 88.
2. The Registers of Kirkandrews, &c., p. 289.
3. Miscel., p. 136.
Arthur et 305
He ordains and appoints hereby " that John Wardman my
Curate have the houses and landes now in his possession
at dureing my Lease at the same yearly rent if he
continue Curate at Arthuret." ^
George Constable, 1639 — 1673.
He was instituted the same day that Cuthbert Curwen's
resignation was accepted, "Ricus Graham Mil. et Baronet"
being patron. In his " Case " Dr. Todd ^eaks of George
Constable, a " poore Relation " of the patron, in the
following terms : —
In ye year 1641, Dr. Curwen ye Rector dyes, And ye patron to
p'vent ye Recovery of ye Rights of ye Rectory as may be supposed
p'sents one Mr. Constable, a poor Relation, who during his time
was content wth his allowance of tithe, wch was till ye yeare 1675 2
In his list of Incumbents, however, he describes him as
"A Yorkshire man of Good Family — Died in Yorkshire."^
In the margin he adds : — " For some years after 1640 the
church lay vacant in the heat of the Civil Warr." It is not
easy to see how this could be in view of the previous
statement. It is quite possible that George Constable was
sequestered as well as the Rector of Kirkandrews; but
there is no documentary evidence of any kind to show
that such was the case. He died in 1673. " On ye South
side of ye Church in ye Wall," says Bishop Nicolson, in
1704, a monument bears the following inscription : —
Here lyes the Body of Mrs. Thomasin Story, Daughter of Mr.
George Constable, last Rector of this Church, who was marryed to
Mr. Thomas Story of Justice Town the 12th of January 1658. She
left Issue George, Christopher, Thomas and Anne, and dyed the 1st
of Febr. 1674. i
George Usher, B.D., 1673—1688.
He was instituted Dec. 19, 1673, on a Presentation by
"Richard Graham Mil. and Bart.,"^ and had also
1. The Curwens of Workington Hall, &c., p. 63.
2. The Registers of Kirkandrews, &c., p. 290.
3. Liber Rationum, &c.
4. Miscel., p. 137.
5. Institution Books.
U
3o6 The Ejected of 1662
Bewcastle.^ He was the son of Charles Usher of
Kirkandrews and received his University training at
Emmanuel College, Cambridge. The following entries
in the Kirkandrews Registers refer to his family :
1673 June 17. Isibbell Daughter to Mr. George Usher of Kirk-
anders baptized, Mr. Arthuer fforster of Kingfield God father, Mrs.
fforster and Mrs. Gumpson, God mothers.
1675 July 29 Charles Sonne to Mr. George Usher Minister of
Arthurett borne j^e 24 of July & baptized ye 29th.
Bishop Kicolson says that in 1704, in the centre of the
chancel, was a monument thus inscribed : —
Depositum Viri Reverendi Georgij Usheri
S.T.B. Collegij Emanuel, Cantabrig. Socij
Rectoris de Arthuret, qui obijt Septemb. 4
die Mensis, Anno Doi 1688 2
Hugh Todd, M.A., D.D., 1688—1728.
He continued to hold this living even after becoming
Vicar of Penrith in 1699 and Prebendary of the Cathedral.^
Bishop Nicolson in his Diary for May 3, 1707, refers to
a Mr. Smith of " ye Holme," who desired " leave to go
Curate to Arthuret at 251i allowance." *
The Episcopal Register has the following referring
probably to the Chapel at Easten named by Dr. Todd ^ : —
Licentia erudiendi pueros aut legendi preces &c. in Capella de
floresta infra pochiam de Kirkhanders Super Esk in Com. Cumbriae
Concessa est Gulielmo Blathwait literato quinto die Mensis ffebruarij
Anno Dni 1663.
1. Vide p. 294.
2. Miscel., p. 136.
3. Vide pp. 436, &c.
4. Trans. (N.S.), vol. iv, p. 2.
5. Vide p. 303. ' -
XVI. KIRKLINTON.
In older documents this village, wliich lies about four
miles south east of Long-town, and eight north west of
Brampton, appears as "Kirk Leventon," "Kirk Levington"
and " Kirk Leavington." The Church is dedicated to St.
Cuthbert, and the Registers begin in 1655, though
they are not very legible for the rest of that Century.
In 1904, a Transcript was carefully prepared in reference
to which we have the following : —
This Transcript of the Early Eegisters of the Parish of Kirk-
linton for the years 1655 to 1705 carefully compared with and
cpmpleted by means of the Duplicates in the Bishop's Registry,
Carlisle, was finished January 28th 1904
by
Alfred John Hoi den
Rector.
It begins thus : —
A proper register Booke of
all the Baptisms in the pish
of Kirklinton for the present
yeare 1655.
The following is a list of Incumbents : —
Robert Beck, 1576—1599.
Probably the person of this name who appears at
Brampton in 1579, and at Crosthwaite in 1592. ^ If so he
would be a Pluralist. He died in 1599,
George Watson, 1599—1604.
Foster gives George Watson, M.A., as of Trinity or
Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1593, incorporated, Oxford, ^
July 10, 1599. Whether this was the Kirklinton Rector
he does not say. He resigned in 1604.
1. Vide pp. 249, 648.
2. AI. Ox.
3o8 The Ejected of 1662
Edward Johnson, M.A., 1604—1611.
He was instituted Feb. 21, 1604; and probably held tbe
living of Beaumont 1 as well as that of Kirklinton.
Christopher Parrett or Parrot, M.A., 1611 — 1643.
The Parrots were a local family, a person of this name
appearing in the Cockermouth Registers. Christopher
Parrett was instituted to Kirklinton, Sept. 26, 1611. He
is given as the grandfather of Christopher Story, the
eminent Quaker preacher. Nicolson and Burn say that
he resigned " to the Commissioners of Archbishop Usher
(commendatory Bishop of Carlisle) in 1643." ^ Such,
however, does not appear to be a correct view of the case.
Christopher Parrett was evicted by Sir Edward Musgrave,
the patron of the living, though for what reason is not
clear ; but as to the fact itself the following is decisive : —
Kirkelinton. 31 August 1646.
Upon complt made by Chrestopher Parrett Gierke yt he hath
beene Legally Incumbent of ye Rectory of Kyrkelinton in ye County
of Cumberland for 30 yeares together Mr. Edward Musgrave Knt &
Baronett did about fower years since by force evict ye sd Mr. Parrett
out of ye Rectory and placed therein on [one] Robt Priestman for yt
appeareth nothing in ye behalfe of or agt ye sd Minister for his
said eviction & this Comittee doe referr ye same to ye Comtee of
Parliamt for sd County who are desired to exine ye truth thereof
and in case they find yt hee hath a legal! tytle thereunto then ye
sd Comtee bee desired to reestableshe & settle him in ye sd Rectory
& ye quiett and peaceable posson thereof. 3
The appeal, however, does not seem to have had any
immediate result; but whether we are to see its influence
in the Sequestration which followed, about two years later,
cannot be determined. Information about Christopher
Parrett after this date is not forthcoming. Possibly the
marriage of a daughter is referred to* in the Registers
thus : —
1657 William Graham and Jane Parratt Mar. March xi.
1. Vide p. 219.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 463.
3. Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15670.
Kirklinton 309
Egbert Priestman, 1643— 1648 (?).
The writers previously quoted say in reference to this
appointment that the name of the person presenting is not
known ; but from the foregoing document it appears it was
Sir Edward Musgrave. Also from the fact that the same
writers go on to mention Robert Priestman's death in
1679, the impression conveyed is that his ministry was
continuous. This, however, was not so. He suffered
Sequestration about 1648, though Walker does not mention
his name. The evidence for this is the Petition which
is given a little later. Unfortunately a gap of eight
years occurs after him. Can it be that Christopher Parrett
returned ?
Robert Hooper, 1657/8 — 1660.
The following notifies his appointment : —
Kirklington in
ye County of
Cumbland.
Eobert Hooper Gierke — admitted the 25th day of January 1657 to
ye R. of Kirklington in ye County of Cumberland upon a pres.
exhibited the same day from his Highnesse The Lord Protector under
ye great Seale of England And Certificates from Tho. Craister, Cuth.
Studholme, Tim. Tully of Carlile Jos. Nicholson of Orton Comfort
Starre.'
Calamy and Palmer mention him as an Ejected Minister,
but they give no further information concerning him.
They do not even supply his Christian name. In each
case the place is given as " Kirklevington." Robert
Hooper passes out of sight at this point.
The following belong to this period : —
Stanton and
Houghton November 3, 1657.
9 Nov.
Sr. Edward Musgrave haveing not hitherto made out his title to
the tithes of Stanton and Houghton in the County of Cumberland
according to former ordr in that behalfe ordered that Mr. John
Pococke acquaint Mr. Cooke the sd Sr. Edward's Solicitor with the
said neglect that so the saide cause may be at length brought to a
determination. 2
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 998.
2. Ibid., 980.
3IO The Ejected of 1662
Stanton &
Houghton. May 27, 1658
Whereas the Lease of the tithes of Stanton & Houghton in the
County of Cumberland is long since expired (vizt) the 3rd of Aprill
1649 since when Sr. Edward Musgrave possor of the said tithes hath
not accounted for the mesne profitts of the same It is ordered that
Mr. Edmond Branthwayte recr doe make particular inquirie after
the true value of the said profitts and demands and receive the same
of the said Sr Edward and in default of payment thereof to certifie
the same to these Trustees that such further proceedings may be had
thereupon as to justice shall appertaine.
Edward Cresset Jo Pocock Ea. Hall Jo. Humfrey Ri. Yong. 1
Robert Priestman, 1660 — 1679.
Like many others similarly circumstanced, Robert
Priestman petitioned the House of Lords, in June, 1660,
for restoration to the living, from which he had been
" illegally ejected and Thurst out," and his suit was
successful. His Petition reads thus : —
To the right honorble the Lords in parliamt assembled : —
The humble peticon of Robert Preistman Clearke.
Sheweth.
That yor petr for these twelve yeares last past hath beene most
illegally ejected and Thurst out of his parsonage of Kirklinton als
Kirk leavington in the County of Cumbland and from exercize of his
Ministeriall duty there onely for his Loyalty and good affecon to his
Majestye.
May it therefore please yor
Lordpps to grant yor ORDER for the secureing of the
tythes gleabes and profitts thereof
into the hands of Such
persons as yor Lordpps
shall thinke fitt untill yor
petrs tytle to his said parsonage
shall be determined by due Course
of Law.
And yor petionr, shall
dayly pray &c.
ROBERT PREISTMAN.
I can testifie the truth of this petition for ye Petitioner was presented
by me ; and forcably elected for his Loyalty this twelve yeares or
there abouts, and he is a Conscientious man.
EDWARD MUSGRAVE.
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 980.
Kirklinton 3 1 1
Sr. Edw. Musgrave Knt of Hayton in Cumbland.
[On the outside of the document appears the following] : — 23 of June
1660 The peticon of Robt. Preistnian, Clearke
Expd. '
The Priestman entries in the Registers are as follows : —
1656 Eichard . . . son of Robert Priestman Minister, Bur. ye 17
Aprill.
1656 Mary daughter of Mr. Robert Priestman born Feb. 24:th.
1657 Mary daughter of Robert Preistman bur. Dec. 28.
1658 Son of Robert Priestman born Oct. 5.
1660 Jane daughter of Mr. Robert Priestman Chry[stened] Jan . . .
1661 John Sonne of Robert Preistman Clerk Bur. Aprill 13.
1663 Katherine daughter of Mr. Robert Priestman Chryst ....
1664 Elizabeth daughter of Mr. Robert Preistman Chryt.
1666 Dorothie daughter of Mr. Priestman Bapt. November 6.
1668-9 January Jane daughter of Robert Priestman Minister Bapt.
19th.
1671 Aprill Arthur Sonne of Robt Preistman Minister Bapt 3rd
1677 June Richard son of Mr. Preistman ^Bur. 29th.
It would appear from the foregoing that Robert Priestman
was resident in the district during the period of his
Sequestration. He remained here until his death, in 1679,
and held the Scaleby living as well.^ He was active in
his opposition to the Quakers who Avere numerous in the
neighbourhood. At a suit instituted by him for "Predial
Tithes" John Jackson of Kirklinton was imprisoned Sept.
•30, 1677.^ It was in his time also that the following
Presentments were made : —
1675
We do present these psons under written as Quakers and Non-
Conformists —
Christopher Taylor of Hitherside
Christopher Story of Righead
George Grame of Rigg
Andrew Martin
George Hetherington of Grainhead
Andrew Hetherington of Ash
1. House of Lords' Library ; also H.M.C., Seventh Report, Pt. I, p. 107.
2. Vide p. 291.
3. Besse's Sufferings, &c., vol. i, p. 132 : First Publishers of the Truth,
p. 63.
312 The Ejected of 1662
Symond Armestrong alias Groont
William Blacketter
John Ivyson
John Jackson Junr
John Summervell
Christopher Hetherington.
1676
We do present these underwritten for non payment of Church dues
William Hetherington of Rigg
Thos Graham of the same
Edward Grame of ililtown
George Grame of Rigg ■ '
Robert Phillipp of Whamtown
John Grame alias Blackhouse late deceased whose Will & Testmt
is to present.'
Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, says: —
In the Church-yard (which is pretty well fenced) there is great
Store of Graves; notwithstanding the mighty Swarms of Quakers in
the parish, who have also a Sepulchre of their own within View.
On a Tomb-Stone here I found the following Epitaph, ill speli'd :
Here lyeth the Body of jNIr. Robert Priestman
leat Rector of this Church, who lived Mi-
nister the Space of 38 years, and dyed
April the 16th, 1679.=
George Story, 1681—1694.
He was instituted May 30, 1681, on the Presentation
of the Archbishop of York. He appears to have been
exceedingly active both against Conventiclers and Quakers.
On Dec. 1, 1684, Sir Greorge Fletcher writes to Sir Daniel
Fleming in the interests of " Cousin " Warwick against
whom it was charged by "one Story, parson of Kirklinton,"
that he had refused to give a warrant for the suppressing
of a Conventicle which " the constables and church-
wardens " had also refused to disturb.^ George Story *
resigned Dec. 6, 1694, on being nominated to the Deanery
of Connor in Ireland.
1. Parish Registers.
2. Miscel., p. 107.
3. Fleming MSS., H.M.C., Twelfth Report, p. 195.
4. Vide "The First Publishers of the Truth " (p. 64) for George Story
and the Quakers.
i
Kirklinton 3 1 3
David Bell, M.A., 1695^1706.
He was instituted April 27, 1695, on the Presentation
of " Edmund Appleby, Gen.," having previously been at
Askham. In 1706 he removed to Aspatria, and was at
Great Orton in 1710.^
John Murray, M.A., 1707—1722.
He was instituted April 4, 1707, on the Presentation of
Joseph Appleby, and inducted two days afterwards.
Foster says : — " Son of John of Stirling, Scotland, Univer-
sity Coll. matric. 12 Dec, 1695, aged 17 : one of these
names rector of Ivirklington, Cumberland, 1707." ^ He
remained until his death in 1722. His burial entry reads
thus : —
1722 July 27 John Murray Rector of this Parish Buried.
Anthony Wilton, B.A., 1722—1731.
The Registers state that he was inducted Sept. 29, 1722,
by " Mr. Edward Birkett Rector of Kirkland." He signs
the Lanercost Transcripts in 1726 and 1728, and was
probably Curate of Walton, being therefore like many
others of that period, a Pluralist on a considerable scale.
L Vide pp. 233, 646, 1221.
2. Al. Ox.
XVII. EOCLIFFE.
This place is on the north bank of the Eden about six
miles north west of Carlisle. The Church is dedicated to
St. Mary ; and the Registers date back to 1679. " On the
fly-leaf," writes Dr. Wilson, " in a neat bold band is tbe
following :
Cumberland, Roecliffe at Easter 1679 John Litle and Jeff Urwin
being ch[urch]wardens. This Register book was bought at ye insti-
gation of Mr. Tho. Stalker Mr. A. Coll, Reg. Oxon curate yn of this
ch. of Roecliffe lectr of St. Cuthberts Carlile and Minor canon of ye
Cathedll ch in yt citty. There was not one yr [there] before for
many yeares being taken away with other utensills of ye Church by
Scott's armyes and last of all by Ld Duke Hamilton's in ye year
1648. '
Previous to 1754 it was a Curacy first, in connection with
the Cathedral of Carlisle, and subsequently under the
Dean and Chapter there, who nominated a perpetual
Curate. Of these no complete list is possible, but tbe
following scraps of information have been obtained : —
William Cox, 1656.
The authority for this is the following : —
Rowcliffe
Mar 6, 1656.
Know all men by these psents that there was exhibited &c. an
Ordr of ye Trustees for &c. for ye settlemt of Mr. Wm Cocke in
ye Curacy of the parish Church of Rowcliffe in ye County of Cum-
berland Together &c Upon pusall &c the Comrs &c.
Dated Att Whitehall the 26th day of Deer 1656.
A true copy
Jo. Nye Regr.^
Rowcliffe. March 20, 1656.
Whereas the Curacy of the pish Church of Rowcliffe in the County
of Cumberland is at the Care and provision of these Trustees It is
1. Vict. Hist., &c., Cumb., vol. ii, p. 93 note 6.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 968.
Rocliff e 3 1 5
ordered that Mr. Wm. Cocks (approved by the Comrs for Approbacon
of publique preachers the 26th of December 1656) be and he is hereby
constituted and appointed Minister of Rowcliffe aforesaid, and that
he doe officiate in the pish Church and preach unto and diligently
instruct the Inhabitants of the sd pish And that he shall have for his
paines therein, all Stipends Salaries pencons and allowances whatso-
ever to the Curate or Minister of the sd pish Church belonging or in
any wise appteining And it is further ordered that the yearely Sume
Seaventeene poundes six Shillinges be from time to time paid unto
him out of the rents and profitts of the Rectory of Rowcliffe
aforesd to hold for such time as he shall descharge the duty of the
Minister of the sd place or untill further order of these Trustees to
be Accompted from the 25th day of December last and that Mr.
Edmund Branthwaite Receiver doe pay the Same unto the sd Mr.
Cocks accordingly.
Ra. Hall, Jo. Humfrey, Edw. Cressett
Jo. Pocock Ri. Yong. i
Foster gives quite a number of persons of this name among-
his Oxford Alumni ; but he does not identify the person in
question. What became of him we do not know.
Henry Skarrow, M.A., 1668.
This is the date in the Transcripts when he signs as
" Curat ibidem." He was subsequently at Castle Carrock.^
Thomas Stalker, M.A., 1679—1680.
He was previously at Thursby, and was also Lecturer at
Carlisle. 3
Richard Shepherd, 1682.
This again is the date of his signature in the Transcripts,
though his license to serve the Cure is dated Apr, 17, 1683.
Almost certainly this is the person of that name referred
to as " late Schoolr " under date Dec. 20, 1683, in the
account of Carlisle. He was at Cliburn in 1688,* and
married Jane Stalker, the daughter of his predecessor at
Roclifi'e.
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 993.
2. Vide p. 265.
3. Vide pp. 186, 544.
4. Vide pp. 182, 1245.
3i6 The Ejected of 1662
John Calvert, 1690— 1719 (?).
He was admitted to the Curacy Dec. 22, 1690.
He signs the Transcripts in 1691 and continues to do so
until 1719. He had been Curate of Cumrew from 1679 to
1690.^ Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, slightly reflects upon his
lack of training thus : —
In a neighbouring House the Children are taught by Mr. Moor,
a Scotch Mr. of Arts of Aberdene ; who has contracted with ye
Parishioners for a salary of 3li and his Diet; He is also Clerk of the
Parish, worth about 10s under a Curate who never saw either an
University or a College excepting that in the Abbey at Carlile,
where he is a Petty Canon. ^
The Transcripts furnish several interesting items, in one
of Avhich a tribute is paid to the devotion of the Minister
notwithstanding his want of University training : —
[About 1692.]
We psent ye pish for not buying a new Surplice that wch we
have is all in tatters & raggs even a shame to see ! We have nothing
else (yt we know off) to p'sent this yeare.
This is signed by the Churchwardens " old " and '' new."
April 22, 1702.
We psent William Hill a Whigg for teaching School in Rockliffe
pish without a Licence.
May 2, 1704, among other things, they report : —
Our Minister is episcopally ordained never absent from us any
Sunday or on any occaon but Sometime when necessarily detained in
the Cathedrall upon his Duty being a Minor Canon there as diligent
as any man can be in the discharge of his Duty required in the
Articles under this Title.
There is a Meeting held in George Davison's house at the Cross
evry week twice, vizt on Sunday & Thursday night, To which there
come a great number of People from sev'all Parishes.
Calamy names Daniel King, born at Bridge of Allan,
near Stirling, " brought up in the College of Glasgow,
1. Vide p. 269.
2. Miscel., p. 14.
Refugees 3 1 7
and ordain'd at Edinburgh," as obtaining a living in
Cumberland through the " Interest of the Earl of Queens-
berry," whence he was ejected for his Nonconformity.
He adds : " As some that were ejected and silenc'd in
these Parts [Cumberland] went afterwards into Scotland,
so some that were harrass'd there, came and took shelter
here." ^ No places are named ; but, as the part of the
County with which this Chapter is concerned is contiguous
to Scotland, probably it was here that these interchanges
took place.
1. Calamy, vol. iii, p. 229.
I
III. THE LAZONBY GROUP.
I. LAZONBY.
This is a good sized village in the Eden Yalley, about
midway between Appleby and Carlisle. The Cliurcb,
dedicated to St. Nicholas, is an old foundation, though
the present structure is modern. The Registers begin in
1638, the earliest possible date. They are in excellent
condition, the ink being faded in only a few places. The
following is a list of Incumbents : —
Edward Denton, M.A., 1588—1614.
He was collated by Bishop Meye. Foster says that he
was the son of Thomas Denton who first built Warnall in
the Parish of Sebergham : " Tabarder of Queen's Coll,
1566, B.A. 9 July 1568, fellow 1569, M.A. 18 June 1572,
vicar of Ditchling Sussex 1581-8." ^ The Registers note
his burial thus : —
1614, Mr. Edward Denton, vicar was buried the 5th of October.
His wife was buried January 7, 1629-30.
Anthony Haydock, 1614 — 1638.
He was collated Oct. 8, 1614. Foster has the following,
but whether referring to the person before us he does
not say : " Haydock Antony B.A. from Magdalen Hall 27
May, 1587, M.A. 9 July, 1590, son of James of Greywell,
Hants." 2 The Registers note his interment thus : —
1638. Mr. Anthony Haydock vicar buryed the xix of January.
Jonathan Goodwin, M.A., 1637/8 — 1645.
He was collated by Bishop Potter, Feb. 27, 1637-S, and
1. Al. Ox.
2. Ibid.
Lazonby 3 1 9
the place is given as " Laysingby," ^ His Induction took
place on "Mareli ye first 16'37-8,"2 and his Sequestration
by the Plundered Ministers' Committee about 1645. In
this year his name occurs in the Registers. Walker finds
him a place in his list.
Simon Atkinson, 1645 — 1660.
He signs the Registers as Yicar in January, 1645—6.
The following documents are of the utmost importance on
several accounts. They give, among other things, the
true reason for Goodwin's Sequestration, the date of Simon
Atkinson's appointment, the insistence of the Committee
upon the full and regular payment of " Fifths " to Mrs.
Goodwin, and the examination of Simon Atkinson by
Cromwell's " Triers." These documents, and others of
a similar character, serve to show that the charge of
oppression, frequently brought against the Commonwealth
regime, has often mingled with it considerable exaggera-
tion : —
Lazonby. 28 Martii 1646.
Whereas ye vicarage of ye parish church of Lazonby in ye County
of Cumberland standeth sequestred by ye Comittee for ye sd County
from Jonathan Goodwin for yt hee deserted his Cure and betooke
himselfe to ye King's forces This Comittee doe confirme ye sd seques-
tracon to ye use of some godly and orthodox divine And whereas
Symon Atkinson INIinister of ye word hath peticoned for Satisfaccon
for his farther service of ye Cure of ye sd Church This Comittee doe
referr ye same to ye Comtee for ye sd County who are desired to
exaine what tyme hee hath served ye sd Cure and to allow him such
satisfaccon for his sayd service out of ye pfitts of ye sd benefice as to
them shall seeme iust & equall.*
Lazonby. 1 April, 1646.
Whereas ye vicarage of ye Parish Church of Lazonby in ye County
of Cumberland standeth sequestred by ye Comtee for ye sd County
from Jonathan Goodwin for deserting his Cure and betaking him-
selfe to ye King's forces And ye sd Sequestracon is by order of this
Comittee of ye xxviij of March last Confirmed to ye use of some
godly and orthodox divine It is ordered yt Symon Attkinson a Godly
1. Institution Books.
2. Parish Registers.
3. Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15670.
320 The Ejected of 1662
and orthodox Divine doe prsently officiate ye Cure of ye sd Church
and preach diligently to ye pareshioners there.'
Lazonby. Junii 20, 1646.
Upon the humble peticon of Jane the wife of Jonathan Goodwyn
from whome the vicarage of Lazonby in the Countie of Cumberland
is sequestred It is ordered that the said Mrs. Goodwin shall have for
& towards the maintennce of her and her children the full cleere 5th
pte of all the tithes rents glebe lands & Easter booke of the said
viccarage (all taxes & charges first deducted out of the whole) unlesse
good cause be shown to the contrarie the sd Mr. Goodwyn and his
wife yeilding all due obedience to the said Sequestracon. The
examinacon of wch cause (if there be any) this Comittee doe referre
to the Cotee of Parliamt for the Countie of Cumberland who are
desired to heare the pties on both sides therein & to call before them
and examine the witnesses that shalbe produced as well for proofe of
the said cause as on the pte and behalfe of the sd Mris. Goodwin for
the Justifying of her & of the said paymt of the said ffifth pte & to
determine the dilferences betweene them if they can or otherwise to
Certifie the same to this Cotee.
Ord. ye June 23, 1646.2
Lazonby August 19, 1646.
Upon consideracon had of the peticon of Symon Atkinson Minister
of Lazonby in the County of Cumbland this Coittee do declare and
order that Joane the wife of Jonathan Goodwin from whom the
Rectory of Lazonby aforesd is sequestred shall have the 5th pte of the
profitts of the said Rectory from the time that the said Mrs. Goodwin
did pticon for the sd 5th pte & not before & that all taxes and
charges be first deducted out of the whole & that the same be paid
in money by the sd Mr. Atkinson and not in specie wch the Comittee
for the said County are desired upon exacaion of pties on both sides
concerning the vallew of the said Living to ascertaine & see paid
accordingly. 3
Lazonby Junii 12, 1647.
Upon consideracon had of the peticon of Joane the wife of Jonathan
Goodwin from whom the Vicarage of Lazonby in the Countie of
Cumberland is sequestred (a coppy whereof is hereto annexed) It is
ordered that the said Mrs. Goodwyn shall have a fift pte paid her
according as the Comittee of the said Countie have value the same
vizt, after the rate of seaventy poundes a yeare, which the said
1. Bodl. MS. 322.
2. Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15670.
3. Ibid.
Lazonby 321
Comittee are desired to see paid unto her accordingly togeather with
all arreares due from the time that the said fift pte was first graunted
her. And whereas it is certified by the Comittee of the said Countie
that on ffrancis [Symon] Atkinson who is not in orders hath intruded
himselfe into the said Benefice and Church It is ordered that he doe
Answere before this Cottee on the tenth day of August next his said
Intrusion. 1
Newcastle
upon
Tyne. By the Comrs. the third day of November, 1652.
Lazonby &
Heskett.
Whereas Mr. Symond Atkinson being recomended for a godly and
painfull preacher and of able guifts and knowledg for the worke of
the ilinistry and of approved Conversacon for piety hath come before
us and upon Tryall and examinacon of his guifts by Divers godly
Ministers according to ye direcon of the Parliament is found fitt to
preach the Gospell of Jesus Christ and to be duly qualifyed and
guifted for yt holy Imployment These are therefore by Vertue of the
power and Authority to us given by the Parliament to appoint the
said Mr. Symond Atkinson to preach att Lazonby and Heskett in the
County of Cumberland & to bee Itinerant in those places And for
his support & Mayntenance It is hereby appointed and Ordered that
the- vicaridge of Lazonby ye Tythe of petterill Crookes ye reservacon
rent of ye Tythe of Heskett and the proffitts of the proctor office of
Cuthberts in Carlisle with all Gleabe Lands houses Tythes Rents and
other proffitts to ye same belonging be vested and setled upon the
said Symond Atkinson And he is hereby invested in the same & as
lawfully seized thereof to all intents and purposes as if he had beene
instituted and inducted according to any former Course of Law.
G. Vane : Tho. Cholmley, Jo. Clavering, Wm. ffenwick, Jo. Ogle
Wm. Vane Lu. Rillingworth, Wm. IMawson, Tho. Craister, Tho.
Langhorne, Geo. Dawson, Hen. Horsley, Edw. Winter.
Postscript
It is ye true intent of ye Comrs. that the abovesaid reserved rent
of the tithe of Heskett is the six poundes thirteene Shillinges & fouer-
pence payable by the Lady ffletcher ye 15th of March and ye first
day of August.
Exd. & Entr
Ant. Parsons. 2
Lazonby. The like [approval] for Mr. Symon Atkinson of Lazonby
in the County of Cumberland Dated att Whitehall the ffifteenth day of
April! ["Aprill" is erased and "ffebruary" inserted] 1665. Jo. Nye, Reg.*
1. Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15671.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 1006.
3. Ibid., 968.
322 The Ejected of 1662
Simon Atkinson was one of the few men who took the
Engagement, the date being Oct. 20, 1649. Like many
of the Ministers of the time he came into conflict with the
Quakers. In the Jackson Library, Carlisle, is a scarce
volume which was intended to be a reply to some of his
utterances. On the first page, evidently by a later hand,
appears the following : —
The Lamb's Innocency.
defended against Lyes and Slanders In
Answer to a second reply of a Priest
who is called a Minister at Lazonby
in Cumberland, called Simon Atkinson
who hath shewed his Wolfish
nature against those People called
Quakers : ranking them up with Papists &c
written in defence of the Truth as
it is in Jesus, by a Foole to the Wisdom
of this World, who according to measure,
hath tasted and obtained of the
Wisdom of God : whose bodily name is
called Joseph Helling.
[No Printer's name or place supplied]
1658.
It is an extremely bitter production, and the plan
adopted is to take the " Priest's " points and reply to them
seriatim. Evidently Simon Atkinson had contended that
the similarity between the Quaker position and that of
Rome was .very real. It was a contention put forward by
not a few who opposed the Quaker luovement, and Helling
deeply resented it. The following extracts give a good
idea of the character of the work : —
Pr. [Priest], first accusation. The Babylonish Merchants (1 meane
Papists) have their severall sorts of Wares to sell which you nre their
onely chapmen for, and hath taken them of their hands : That the
Common light in all is sufficient to salvation, provided men doe not
stifle it, nor extinguish it by Wilfull sinning against it : Sir, say not
you so too ?
Ans. This accusation is false and confused ; we never was at the
Popish Colledges to learne a trade as most of you have bin, at
Trinity Colledge, Christs Colledge, Jesus Colledge St. John's Col
ledge &c. these Colledges was instituted by the Popes Law, and
named after Saints for nursing up of Jesuits ; as also your Churches
Lazonby 323
with the Popes Crosses upon the most of them and called by the
name of Saints, as St. Peters Church, St. Pauls Church St. Maries
Church &c so I have not given you a wrrong title viz. Merchants of
Babell, which comes nearer you in the Ministry, then Papists outward
tenents.
Pr. And why should Pearles be cast before Swine, that will trample
them under feet and turne again and rend us?
Ans. We doe not look for Pearles at your hands ; for how can a
Fountain send forth at one hole sweet water and bitter? Or how
can a lyar and a false Accuser comunicate Pearles? and Although
thou tearm us to Swine yet doe we chew our Cud, and knows our
Manna, the food of life, and the Swine we know, thou that feeds
upon the Huske, putting the letter for the word and tryall of Spirits
and for your rule and not the new Creature. Therefore, I say, deale
honestly with thy soull and take heed that thou be not found a
Swineheard instead of a Shepherd, take notice of that thou that
trades with the letter.
Dealing later with the Tithe Question he says : —
The parish Masters of our dayes having got a fairer forme is found
filling up the measures of both Scribes and Pharisees and the Papists,
persecuting and fighting themselves as hath been proved and as I
can witnes from Eichard Gilpyn of Graystocke, who pushed me with
his hand, calling me simple foole and threatening me with prison and
clapping by the heels &c so to us you are made manifest, and shall
no more weare a rough garment (to deceive) or a black dyed Inke
garment ; but the Lord will cut olf the name of the Kimerims, or the
name of the Black coats ; so look to it you sons of the Sorcerers ; for
the lack of Wages hath stopped, and will stop the mouthes of the
idol shepherds, that calls the Scriptures the word of God and Tryall
of Spirits.
Simon Atkinson's name appears in the Registers as late
[as Nov., 1659. The following entries relate to members
)f his family : —
1653 Samuell Atkinson Sonne of Simon -Atkinson vicar and
Ellinor his wife was born the xxixth day of September.
1655 Sarah Atkin.son daughter of Simon & Ellinor his wife borne
the xiiij of Aprill.
1657 Abigail Atkinson daughter of Simon and Ellinor his wife borne
ye same day [27] of July.
N'icolson and Burn find no place in their History for
[Simon Atkinson, nor does Hutchinson in his, whilst
iWhellan and Jefferson simply give the name without date.
324 The Ejected of 1662
Calamy places him among his Ejected Ministers and
gives the following brief account of him : —
Lasenby : Mr. Simon Atkinson. A very Acute Man, and of a
good Judgment. Especially Nice in his School Learning. He dy'd
in Sept. 1694 upon a Cold caught Travelling from Penrith, where
he Preach'd at the opening of a Lecture, encourag'd by Dr. Thomas
Gibson of Hatton Garden in London.'
As in the case of so many others, Simon Atkinson's
Ejection appears to have taken place in 1660, and he was
one of few who remained in the neighbourhood after that
event. He figures both in the Conventicle Returns of
1669, the Indulgence Licenses of 1672 and the Presenta-
tions of 1670-1678. His home was in the Hesket district,
and he ranks with Gilpin and others as one of the
Founders of Nonconformity in the County.^
In the Hayton and Crosby Registers respectively appear
the following : —
Simond Atkinson in the parish of Crosbie and Jane Skollecke wid.
in the parish of Hayton Marred the xviij dale of Aprill 1667.
1687-8. Weddng ffeb. 4 Tho. Wilson & Jane Atkinson of Lazonby
Married by Licence 1687-8.
Probably the latter was a connection of the Minister;
but whether the other was we do not know. The Atkinsons,
however, were a prominent family about the Brampton
district.
Jonathan Goodwin, M.A., 1660 — 1661.
His Petition in June, 1660, to the House of Lords for
restoration to his living is as follows : —
To the right honorble the Lords assembled in Parliament.
The humble Peticon of Jonathan Goodwin CI. & Vicar of the pish of
Lazonby in the County of Cumberland.
Shewith.
That yor petionr haveing for twenty yeares last past beene lawfull
minister and viccar of the pish of Lazonby aforesaid hath beene
sequestred and ejected without due Course of Law in the tyme of
these late warrs for his Loyalty to his Matie.
Ydr petionr therefore humbly prayeth that the tythes
Gleabes and other pfitts belonging to the said Viccarage
1. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 158.
2. Vide pp. 1253, 1258.
Lazonby . 325
may be stayed and secured in the hands of the Church-
wardens and Ouerseers of the poore of the said pish
untill yor petitionrs tytle thereto be tryed by due
Course of Law, or further Ordr of Parliamt by Order
from yr handes.
And yor Petionr shall dayly
pray &c.
Johnathan Goodwin.
[What follows is in a different hand from the rest.]
I know the petitioner to be an able and conscientious Divine and
Certefy that the Contents there are true and that he was put out of
the said place for his loyalty to the King.
LANCELOTT WALKEE.
Eichard Singleton.
Capt. Lancelott Walker of Torpennoe in Cumberland.
[On the outside of the document] : —
ddi [delivered] 28 July 1660 Mr. Jonathan Goodwin
Gierke
Peticon.^
A person of this name compounded in 1657 for his First
Fruits as follows : —
November 1657.
Nottingham Bound William Tomlinson of In hand xvijli
E. Barton Martins in the ffields Taylor ffirst May 1658 ixs. iiijd.
in the and Thomas Savage of St. ffirst Nov. 1658
Beaves Thomas Appostles Lond. ffirst May 1659
ffor Jonathan Godwyn CI. [Clerk].^
Can this be the Sequestered Vicar of Lazonby? The
similarity of name is not decisive, but it is significant;
and it is the sort of thing that happened in several cases.
If the surmise be correct it is evidence of the easier lot of
the Sequestered than is often supposed.
Jonathan Goodwin's petition met with success ; but when
he returned to his living at Lazonby he must have been
an old man. He remained therefore only a short time,
resigning in May, 1661. ^
Egbert Symson or Simpsox, 1661 — 1668.
He signs the Registers March, 1660-1 ; but his collation
1. House of Lords' Library, H.M.C., Seventh Eeport, Pt. i, p. 106.
2. Composition Books (Eecord Office), No. 22, 1656—1660.
3. Episcopal Eegister, Carlisle.
326 . The Ejected of 1662
by Bishop Sterne was on May 8, 1661, and Induction on
June 4tli, 1661. He read the Articles, etc., on June 9th,
being the first vSunday after his Induction. There appear
to have been two persons of this name, in this neighbour-
hood, at this time, and the fact has given rise to some
confusion. Foster has the following : " Simpson Robert
(Symson) 'Ser.' Queen's Coll. matric.9 Dec. 1653, B.A. 18,
July 1657; vicar of Lazonby, Cumberland, 1661, and
rector of Long Marton, Westmorland, 1661, and perhaps
vicar of Bywell St. Andrew, 1668, and rector of Wark-
worth, Northumberland, 1686." ^ All after " perhaps "
should certainly be deleted ; for the Registers show that
Robert Simpson " Yicar " died, in 1668, and was " buryed
the xiiij day of October."
John Simpson, B.A., 1668—1680.
Foster again says : " Ser. Queen's Coll. matric. 26 Oct.
1660, B.A. 1665 : vicar of Lazonby, Cumberland, 1668,
rector of Ormside, Westmorland, 1680." ^ He was
collated Nov. 2, 1668 ; and inducted on " ye 24th day of
November " following.
Robert Hume, M.A., 1680—1703.
He was collated to Lazonby, Mar. 26, 1680; and
inducted on April 19 following. He was at Crosby-on-
Eden in 1670.3 His son, Timothy, went from Sedbergh
School to St. John's, Cambridge, entering there in 1704
at the age of 20. ^
George Parker, M.A., 1703 — 1737.
He was from Glasgow University, collated Oct. 18,
1703, and inducted Nov. 17 following, by Thomas Nevin-
son. Vicar of Torpenhow, His marriage with Mary
Symson, probably daughter of Barnabas Simpson, is thus
given in the Long Marton Registers : —
1706 October 1st Mr. George Parker vicar of Lazonby in Cumber-
land and Mrs. Mary Symson of Long Marton was marryed by Mr.
Wickins at Kirkby Thore.
He died in 1737.
1. Al. Ox.
2. Ibid.
3. Vide p. 206.
4. Sedbergh . School Kegister, p. 115.
II. HESKET-IN-THE-FOEEST.
A very extensive Parish including quite a number of
Townships, and bordered on the east by the Parish of
Lazonby. The Church, dedicated to St. Mary, is situated
in High Hesket, the nearest railway station being South-
waite. Dr. Todd relates, as a tradition, that " the first
erection of a chapel here was about the year 1530, when
an infectious distemper raging in the country, and the
people bringing their dead as usual to be buried within
the city of Carlisle, the mayor. and citizens shut the gates
upon them, and from the walls advised them to carry
back the corpse and bury the same at a place then called
Walling Stone; and that if they did so, and complied with
their advice, they and others would endeavour to prevail
with the bishop of the diocese, to have a chapel built and
consecrated there, which would be of perpetual use to
them and their posterity. And on their complying with
this proposal, as soon as the plague was ceased, a chapel
was built, and the then bishop (John Kite) attended by
Sir Christopher Dacre, knight, Sir John Lowther, knight,
and a great number of gentlemen and others of the country
and neighbourhood, did in a solemn manner consecrate it
and the church or chapel yard and by proclamation set out
and fixed the bounds thereof."^ "All which," remark
Nicolson and Burn, " perhaps may amount to this, that
the church or chapel was then rebuilt, and had then first
the right of sepulture granted to it." -
In the period with which we are concerned it was a mere
Chapelry in the Parish of St. Mary's, Carlisle, it being
the duty of the latter to supply it with religious provision.
The Historians make no attempt at a list of Curates. The
Registers begin in 1662, the first volume being long,
narrow, and of parchment. It is in fair condition; the
1. Leath Ward, by Jefferson, p. 209.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 339.
328 The Ejected of 1662
writing is a little faded in places, but with labour the
entries can be deciphered. It begins thus: —
Heskett Regester
Booke
Anno Dom 1662
Chrestenings.
The second volume is of paper and is much more
dilapidated. It begins in 1693. The following is an
imperfect list of Incumbents : —
Simon Atkinson, 1652.
For a time at least Hesket and Lazonby were worked
together. That was the arrangement which held during
part of Simon Atkinson's ministry at Lazonby. It would
appear that after his Ejection he kept to the neighbourhood
of Hesket, and towards the end of his life made his home
at Calthwaite. Calamy gives correctly the date of his
death, ^ but it does not seem to have been known where he
was interred. This, however, is settled by the Hesket
Registers, which give the following : —
1694 Cathwaite Simon Atkinson, Clerk was buried Sept 6th.
The following also probably refers to his wife : —
1696 ffrances Atkinson was buried June 18th.
John Pearson, 1659.
The authority for this is the following : —
Hesketh. March 2d 1659.
Whereas ye Chappell of Hesketh is within ye parish of Maries in
Carlisle & the Cure of the said parish Church & Chappell is under
the care of these Trustees ye Rectory of Maries aforesaid Being
parcell of ye possions of ye late Deane & Chapter of Carlisle Ordered
that the yearely Sume of Threescore & ten poundes be graunted to
& for increase of the Maintennce of Mr. John Pearson this day Setled
Ministr of the said Chappell To hold from this psent second day of
March for such time as he shall continue faithfully to discharge ye
duty of Ministr of the said place or further ordr And that Mr.
Edmund Branthwayte Recr. doe pay the same unto him Accordingly
out of ye pticulars following vizt. ye yearely sume xxli out of the rents
and profitts of ye tithes of Plimpton the further yearely sume of ixli &
xs out of the rents & profitts of the tithes of Armithwayte & Nunclose
the further yearely sume of viijli xiijs iiijd out of the rents & profitts
1. Vide p. 324.
Hesket-in-the-Forest 329
of the tithes of Potterell Crookes & the further yearely sume of xxvijli
vjs viijd out of the rents & profitts of the tithes of Upper Hesketh &
Nether Hesketh all in ye pish of Hesketh aforesaid & parcell of the
possions of the late Deane & Chapter of Carlisle the leases of which
tithes are lately expired.
Jo. Thorowgood Geo. Cowper Ri Yong.
Wm Skynner Jo. Pocock.^
A person of this name appears at Brigham in 1661, and
Great Orton in 1665. ^
Christopher Rickerby, 1675.
In the Registers occurs the following : —
1675 John Slack and Jane Garth were married att Armathwaite
Chappell by Mr. Rickerby 3d of ffebruary.
Armathwaite Chapel was erected by Richard Skelton
soon after the Restoration ; and by his Will he gave .£100
for its endowment. " It is supposed," say Nicolson and
Burn, " it had been an ancient Chapel long before his
time, and that he only rebuilt it." ^ Christopher Rickerby
was Schoolmaster at Lazonby, in 1672, and, about that
time also, Curate at Armathwaite Chapel.* The habit of
poetizing, and especially anagrammatic poetizing, appears
to have been much practised by the Ministers of those
days, and among the pieces written in 1672 in praise of
Mary Wilson, " the Yirgin Saint," is one from the pen
of Christopher Rickerby. The conjecture is hazarded,
but it is only a conjecture, that in addition to Armath-
waite he may have served Hesket. It would, at any rate,
appear that later some association of the two places existed,
though it is not easy to define its character. Bishop
Nicolson, writing of Armathwaite in 1703, says : —
The present Rascally Curate (Mr. Hodgson, Vicar of Ainstable)
has carryed off the Lock and Key, where the Books and other
Utensils, given in the year 1670, are kept : and lets all go to Wrack.
He adds : —
There are no Burials here, nor many Christenings ; the Register for
both being kept by the Curate of Hesket.5
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 987.
2. Vide pp. 231, 754.
3. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 342.
4. Ibid.
5. Miscel., 94.
330 The Ejected of 1662
Christopher Rickerby was subsequently at Cumrew and
Castle Carrock. 1
William Barrow, 1680.
He was ordained Deacon Aug. 17, 1662, and Priest
Sep. 20, 1663. The Registers contain the following: —
1680 Mr. Wm. Barrow, Curate of Heskett Sept. [Sepultus] 6 Julij.
Two days after we get the following : —
1680 Thomas Sawor and ffrances Robinson married by Horneby
8 Julij.
We have no information about " Horneby," but possibly
he was merely called in to do temporary duty.
Thomas Wells, 1680—1710.
He was licensed Curate here in 1680. The following
entries occur in the Registers : —
• 1681 John Rumney CI. & Issabell Sand'son were married the 9th
May by Mr. Wells.
1685 Hillehouse, Robert ye son of Thomas Wells & Mary his wife
was borne Jan. 25 & bap. ffeb. 3rd 1685.
Hill houses 1710.
Mr. Thomas Wells curate of Heskett dyed ye 31st of Augt & was
Buried at Heskett Church on ye 2d of September 1710.
Thomas Wells was one of few men about whom Bishop
Nicolson, on his Visitation, in 1703, had a good word to
say: —
The Curate (Mr. Wells) is Regular in his own person ; and keeps
the parishioners in the like Order. He's forced to stand throughout
the whole Service, in the Reading-Desk ; and has neither Gleab nor
House annex'd to his Curacy. He resides on a purchased Tenement
of his own at Sceugh ; about two miles from the Church.2
It appears that once a month he was accustomed to go
to Wreay when " yir Parish Clerk preaches " to the Hesket
people. 3
To this may be appended the following about the
Schoolmaster : —
1692 Church Town John the Son of John Malleson Scholemr. was
bapt. Nov. 2. 4
1. Vide pp. 265, 269.
2. Miscel., p. 93.
3. Nicolson's Diary, Trans (N.S.), vol. iii, p. 9.
4- Hesket Register.
III. KIEKOSWALD.
Dignified with the name of " town," this place lies about
a mile north east of Lazonby up the Raven Valley. The
ruins of a castle, formerly the seat of the Dacre family,
are a conspicuous object, and a college of considerable
importance was once among its attractions. The Church,
a quaint structure, at the foot of a hill, is dedicated to
St. Oswald, and thus gives the name to the place. It is
unique in, at least, one respect : " The campanile or bell-
tower, a low square building containing three bells," ^
stands on the summit of the hill at the bottom of which the
Church is situated. Its Registers, which have been
recently published, date from 1577. The County Histories
are quite disappointing in reference to the Incumbent list.
Nicolson and iiurn give one name only for the years 1561
to 1668, and after the latter date simply add : " George
Yeates, rector of Croglin, had a license to serve this cure,
by way of sequestration in the hands of the bishop, it not
being worth the expence of a presentation under the great
seal." 2 Fortunately the Registers come to our assistance,
though care needs to be taken or they may lead consider-
ably astray. It would appear that where " clerk " or
" clericus " is used, we are to understand a Minister of
some kind or other; but, as the Nonconformist Ministers
of the neighbourhood buried and baptized here it is
necessary to discriminate. The Parish Clerk is distin-
guished by the words " Parish " or " Register." The
following is the list as far as can be ascertained : —
James Shepherd, 1566 — 1577.
According to the Institution Books he was instituted
July 3, 1566. These give " Kirkoswald R. 271i 17s-0 " ;
and again, " Kirkoswald Y. 81i-0-0," the latter being
1. Hist, of Leath Ward, Jefferson, p. 285.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 428.
332 The Ejected of 1662
against the name of '" Jacobus Shepherd." The Registers
record his burial thus : —
Anno Dni 1577 — Shippeard Vicar buryed xth of Maye.
Thomas Carter, 1592—1601.
He was, at least, here in 1592, as the following from
the Registers makes clear : —
Christnyngs Anno Dni 1592. Willm sonne to Sr Thomas Carter
ixth Aprill.
How long he had been here at this time we do not know.
He remained until his death in 1601, the following being
a notice of his burial : —
Thomas Carter Clerke vicar of Kyrkoswald beryed the xvi of Jan.(?)
John Allan, 1607.
In the list of christenings for this year appears the
following : —
Ane daughter to John Allam Clerke bapt the xxviiith of Ffebruarye.
A son " Ffrancis " was baptized Dec. 12, 1609. In 1611,
John Allan appears as Rector of Croglin ; but whether he
had charge also of Kirkoswald is not clear.
Wm. Bewman, 1614.
This name is inserted tentatively on the authority of
the Exchequer Depositions. Unfortunately, the informa-
tion supplied is extremely scanty. Only the name
of the place " Kirkoswald," the date of the Inquisition
" 1614," and the matter in dispute " Manor of Wm.
Bewman, clerk," are given.^ The Bowmans, probably the
same as the Bewmans, appear frequently in the Registers
of this and even earlier dates ; and evidently they were a
family of considerable importance.
WiLLLiM Wilson, 1636.
In the Registers we have the following : —
John sonn to Willm Wilson Clark was buried the 28th of July 1636.
A son, Robert, was baptized April 13th, 1637, and the
daughters, " Jaune and Ann," on Feby. 5, 1639-40.
Foster has the following, which may well refer to the
person in question, as the Wilsons appear to have been
1. Exchequer Dep. 8/c (Record Office).
r
Kirkoswald S33
long connected with Kirkoswald and district : " Wilson
William of Cumberland, pleb. Queen's Coll. matric. April,
1594, aged 16, B.A. 24 April 1599, M.A. 30 June 1602." i
A person of this name was at Haile in 1657. ^
Egbert Milburn, 1647.
Possibly the following from Foster refers to this person :
" Milborne llobert of Cumberland sacerd. fil. Queen's Coll
matric. 21 Nov. 1628, aged 18." ^ Appended are entries
in the Registers as follows : —
1648, March 29 Maria Milborne filia Bob baptizt.
1648 Decemb. 10 Leo. Milborne fils. Robert Clerici sepultus.
1649-50, January — Prizilla Milborne filia Roberti de Kirkoswald
bap.
1650-1 Ffebruary Mr. Robert Milburne de Kirkoswald sepult.
April 1657 2th Grizilla daughter to Mrs. Milburne of Kirkoswld
buryed.
In addition to these the Addingham Registers give the
following : —
Baptism [about 1643] Lewes Milburne son of Robert Milburne.
and the Hay ton Registers note the marriage of Richard
Milburn by Nathaniel Burnand in 1657. *
It is suggested that Robert Milburn was the son of
Leonard of Ousby and Skelton,^ and brother to Thomas,
who matriculated the same day as Robert, took his B.A.
in 1631, and M.A. in 1634.6
The following document is somewhat ambiguous.
Whether the Church v/as vacant or the Minister had only
to be approved by the Commissioners does not appear : —
Kirkoswould. Decembr 21, 1649.
By vertue of an ordr of Parleament of ye Second of May 1646 It is
ordered that the yearely Sume of fifty pounds bee paid out of the
Tithes of the Impropriate rectory of Kerkoswould in the County of
Cumberland Sequestred from Sr. Timothy FetTierstonhaugh Delin-
1. AI. Ox ~
2. Vide p. 831.
3. Al. Ox.
4. Vide p. 287.
5. Vide pp. 387, 479.
6. The Flemings in Oxford, p. 2 and note 10 ; also Al. Ox.
334 The Ejected of 1662
quent for the increase of the maintenance of such Minister as the
Comtee shall approve of to officiate the Cure of the Parish Church
of Kerkoswould aforesaid the present maintenance of the said Church
being not worth above eight pounds per ann. and the Sequestrators
of the premisses are required to pay the same accordingly at such
tymes and seasons of the yeare as the same shall grow due and payable. '
John Davis, 1657.
In the Registers we get the following : —
September 1657 29th Mr. John Davis preacher of the Word att
Kirkoswald and Renwick and Mrs. Anna Ridgeley de Newcastle
marry ed.
Calamy gives an interesting account of this man. He
says that he was born in Worcestershire, " bred at
Oxford," 2 sent by Cromwell to supply places in the north,
settled first at Kirkoswald, where his ministry was very
useful, and afterwards removed to By well in Northum-
berland, which was greatly in want of " a faithful
minister,'' while " Kirkoswald had several." The Uni-
formity Act silenced him at Bywell and he lived for a
time at Weldon, or Walton, about three miles distant,
"where he preaeh'd all the Time of the Severities in K.
Charles's Reign, sometimes in his own House, and some-
times at Sir Wm. Middleton's at Belsay : sometimes at
Mr. Bourflower's at Apperly, and sometimes at other
places." Though of the " Congregational Way," he had
*' a general Hespect from those of different Perswasions.
He was a lover of all good Men, and all good men lov'd
him." In Mr. Henry Hudson of Newbiggin, a Baptist, he
had a warm friend, " who took Care of his Son's Educa-
tion whom he left Fatherless at Five years of age; and
continu'd his kindness to him also after his Entrance on
the ministry." After being silenced he was strongly
urged by an elder brother to conform, and on refusing to
do so was utterly disowned by him. He had a great
affection for his people at Kirkoswald and visited them
frequently ; he took " many painful Journeys over the
Mountains, not regarding the Weather, to the good people
1. Bodl. MS., 326.
2. Fellow of Magd. Coll., Camb., according to Randal (vide Non.
Mem., vol. iii, p. 60).
Kirkoswald 335
in Weresdale and Allendale where he did much good."
On the Declaration of Indulgence he " licensed several
houses and was continually going from place to place to
preach the word." Among his friends he was able to
count " old Sir Wm Blacket of Newcastle." In the
" Conformists Fourth Plea for the Nonconformists," the
author " speaking of some Ministers that to avoid Offence
and Dangers, and to shew poor Souls the Way to Ever-
lasting Life, went under the Protection and Concealment
of the Darkness of the Night and preach'd and pray'd in
Caves and Pits, venturing their Health and Lives to save
Sinners from everlasting Destruction, mentions Mr. Davis
of Cumberland as preaching in one of them, and getting
a Cold that prov'd mortal, leaving six Children to the
Charity of good People, and particularly to the Care of
Mr. Pichard AVilson, a Gentleman of a small Estate, but
of great Piety and Usefulness in the North, and one who
had like to have been ruin'd on the 35th. of Eliz. I
suppose this Mr. John Davis was the Person intended." ^
Calamy further says that he was " a Man of exemplary
Piety and Prudence and dy'd as he had liv'd, with Comfort
and in Peace, in the year 1676, and of his Age 50."
Foster gives quite a number of persons of the name of
John Davis, or Davies, trained at Oxford; but he makes
no attempt to identify any of them with the Kirkoswald
Minister. Quite appropriately Calamy puts the accent
strongly on the sufferings of John Davis. The Cocker-
mouth Church Book throws additional light upon this
matter. The following has been extracted from it: —
The 20th of the said Mo : (being the Lords day) [March 1669—70]
on [one] Mr. Nicholson Teacher of the Ch : abt. Kirkoswald carried
on the worke of the day. After both exercises there was a Collection
for a distressed Minster (one Mr. Jo. Davyes) the Ch : gathered
36s lOd.
In his History of the Cockermouth Congregational
Church, Mr. Lewis prints a letter from George Larkham
which appears in Thomas Larkham's Diary. He heads
it " to the Minister at Crossfield," which was the residence
1. Calamy, vols, ii, p. 518, and iii, p. 684 : Non. Mem., vol. iii, p. 60.
336 The Ejected of 1662
of Eichard Wilson, father of Mary Wilson, and John
Davis's generous and faithful friend. The writer says : —
I recd yrs long since, am glad that or poore mite was acceptable . .
It is comfortable to us to heare That yu reckon not wt yu have
Suffered, That your Spirits are above your losses, wt you write of
being or debtrs as also of yr readinesse to serve us in the same way
of duty and Love, we say, you are not indebted to us at all . . you
may perceive the Fame of yr Sufferings is Spreed abroad, and you
are much upon the hearts of those yt have heard of you, and of yr
losses . . . Fare ye well in the Lord ; and let it be said of Crosefield
Jehovah Shama.
Yr. affectionate Xtian bro.
G. L.
If this were, as Mr. Lewis suggests, sent to a Minister,
John Davis would be the one; but the address is not in
the original, and there is nothing to show that it was meant
for any one but Eichard Wilson and his family. The
date also is slightly illegible, the MS. being somewhat
frayed at this point. All that can be deciphered is " the
31st of the —mo. 71."
It is extremely difficult to follow the ministerial thread
in relation to this district through these years, because
from 1653 onwards there was " a gathered church " of the
" Congregational persuasion," " in and abt Kirkoswald." ^
That phrase occurs several times in the Cockermouth
Congregational Church Book, and is clearly quite inten-
tional. Here as in the case of Cockermouth itself, the
Church was the Church of a district rather than of a
particular place, Kirkoswald, Huddlesceugh, Parkhead,
Melmerby and Eenwick being included ; and, in the
account of John Davis from Calamy just given, it is said
that there were several Ministers. The Cockermouth
Church appointed Brother Benson, the Vicar of Bridekirk,
Brother Blethwaite and Brother Bolton, on Nov. 19, 1653,
" as chosen men to go to ye Chu. gathered in & abt
Kirkoswald at ye ordinaon of their Pastour." Unfortu-
nately the name of the Pastor is not given. On March
26, 1658, the Cockermouth Church again appointed
1. MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
Kirkoswald 2)2>7
" Brother Benson and Bro. Eaglesfield " to be their
" Messengers " to the Church " about Kirkoswald," in
connection with the ordination of " one of their members
(Mr. John Daviss) as a Teaching elder among them." l
In the next Chapter more will appear in relation to this
gathered Church " in and about Jvirkoswald."
Precisely what happened here on the passing of the
Act of Uniformity is not clear. John Davis had gone
and who succeeded, if any one did so, immediately, has
not been ascertained ; but it will be convenient in this
place to give an account of George Nicholson, who played
a prominent part in the history of Nonconformity in this
district, and, who, if any one, must be regarded as the
Ejected Minister of Kirkoswald.
George Nicholson, 1661.
He was a native of Kirkoswald, his baptismal entry in
the Registers appearing thus : —
1636 George sonn to John Nycholson was bap the xxth of November.
He went to Oxford University and respecting him
Foster gives the following : " Ser' Magdalen Coll. matric
15 June 1657, chorister 1658-61, sometime minister at
Melmerby, at Glassenbury, and Kirkoswald in Cumber-
land; licensed as a ' Congregational minister,' preached at
Huddleskew, until his death 20 Aug., 1697 aged about
60." 2 jje did not proceed to any degree. Calamy's
account of him is full and interesting, and may be sum-
marised thus : — A little before the Bartholomew Act was
passed he came down into Cumberland and took charge
of the Church at Melmerby which Mr. Hopkins resigned
into his hands. By the connivance of Lewis West, who
succeeded Mr. Broadley at Glassenby, he preached for
about a year at Glassenby and Kirkoswald, Mr. West,
then a Prebendary at Carlisle, thinking to " draw him
into Conformity by mildness and fair Promises of the
great things he would do for him." At Kirkoswald a
Curate " set on by others," on one occasion when George
Nicholson was praying before his sermon, " began the
1. Wrongly given as John Jany in Lewis's History, p. 22.
2. Al. Ox.
W
338 The Ejected of 1662
Common Prayer, but ceas'd upon perceiving a general
dislike of it." After the Act which " kept him out of the
Publick Churches unless he Conform'd " he " Preach'd in
private Houses, as opportunity offer'd." At one of his
mee'tings he was surprised by Sir Philip Musgrave, and
^' thereupon the goods of the Master of the House were
Seiz'd and some goods also of Mr. Xicolson's : and they
were forc'd to Pay down the Money which the Law
requir'd." Subsequently a dispute with a Curate, in Sir
Philip Musgrave's presence, led this gentleman to con-
siderably moderate his conduct towards him. He appears
in the Conventicle List of 1669 ; in the Indulgence
Licenses of 1672; and in the Presentments for 1670 —
1678.^ The date of his death has already been given,
and Calamy says : — -
He administred the Lord's Supper, the Lord's Day before and
quoted that Text Luk. 22. 18. which was fulfilled in him, who kept
the next Sabbath in the Upper World. He appear'd more than
brdinarily affected in that Administration, and a flood of Tears almost
stopp'd his Voice ; the cause of which was unknown. He had good
Skill in the Hebrew Tongue, and was a Popular Preacher, and
Instrumental in doing good to many. There is one Sermon of his
extant, in a Book call'd "The Virgin Saint." ^
Bishop ^icolson, writing in 1704, gives the following
respecting the Kirkoswald " Dissenters " and their
Ministers : —
The Church yard [Kirkoswald] is in that ruinous and disjoynted
condition, which is common where many of the parishioners (as the
Case is here) are Dissenters : Who nevertheless are generally willing,
and desireous, to be buryed here. Two of 'em have the following
Inscriptions on their Gravestones. On ye South Side of ye Church : — •
The very Reverend Mr. George Xicholson
late Pastor of the ChurcK at
Huddleskeugh, some time of
Magdalene College, Oxford, changed
this for a better Life, August
20. 1697. Anno Aetatis 60.
1. Vide pp. 1329, 1338, 1367. Giles Nicholson is a mistake in the
Licenses for George Nicholson.
2. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 160.
Kirkos wald 339
As also
Elisha his second son, a youth of most
pregnant parts, departed June 24. the
same year. Anno Aetatis 21.
(This George was Chorister of Magd.
Coll. but never took any
Degree. There are many
of this Surname in the
Parish. )
On the South Side of the Quire : —
Here lies the first born of that name from Crossfield
God grant that place may many such flowers yield.
Her early Budds that place did so perfume.
As tho' her Soul had brought it from the Womb.
No pains she thought too hard God's sacred word to hear.
And when she harrowed it she watter'd it with Tear.
And yet she would complain of her unfruitfulness.
Tho she foretold her death much like a prophetess,
Her dying breath was such as fill'd the Eyes and Ears
Of her Spectators all with joy, and yet with Tears.
As to her Natural parts, her Genius still was such.
What Learning ere she saw, to tak't in was not much.
Her Works behind her left most amply have declar'd
That not unlike she may to Dorcas be compar'd.
She, She, She was most singly set apart
To be the joy of her poor parents heart.
But now she's gone to her eternal Rest,
Amongst the Saints for ever to be Blest.
Upon the Death of Mrs. Mary Wilson, who
was buryed Aug. 4. 1672.
(This girl had not only the honour of this fair Epitaph ; but ye
inspired poets of ye same Congregation with her clubb'd yir Wits in
several Poems in her praise, which they printed under the Title of
The Virgin Saint.) '
With reference to the poems, written in honour of " The
Virgin Saint," Bishop Xicolson is at fault in attributing
them to the " wits " of the " same Congregation." What-
ever opinion may be entertained as to the poetic quality
of the pieces, they were the work of honoured Ministers;
and the fact shows the high place which the Wilson
1. Miscel., p. 117.
340 The Ejected of 1662
family occupied in the regard of the Nonconformists of
that day. Three copies of this exceedingly rare little
book are known to exist. One is in the British Museum,
and two are in the Jackson Library. The contributors
give their initials only, and in one of the Jackson Library
copies are MS. additions to the initials; but they are not
always correct. The following brief summary of Mary
Wilson's life together with some other interesting passages
is extracted from it : —
The Virgin Saint :
or
A Brief Narrative of the
Holy Life, and Christian Death of
Mary Wilson
With some Memorable Passages
and occasional Speeches a little
before her Death added thereunto
To which is also adjoyned
A Sermon,
Preached at her Funeral
by Mr. Geo. Nicolson
Together with
Several Consolatory Letters written
by divers Ministers, to her
Mournful Father, Mr. Richard
Wilson of Crosfield in
Cumberland
London, Printed for Jonathan
Robinson, at the Golden-Lion
in Pauls Church yard, 1673.
To the Christian Readers ; especially to the Members of the
Congregated Churches in Leathward, Cumberland : Assembling for
Publick Worship in their Licensed Places respectively, in Kirkoswald
and Hesket Parishes, by his Majies Most Gracious Permission,
Authority ; and Protection, Grace Mercy, and Peace in Jesus Christ.
This Epistle to the reader is signed " S.A.," given in
the Jackson Library copy as "Atkins " ; but it is almost
certain that it was Simon Atkinson, the Ejected Minister
of Lazonby, still resident in the district. It contains the
following : —
Kirkoswald 341
One would think that no serious Professors of Christianity, were in
any peril of Popery ; yet Quakers are an Artificial product of it
though they know it not.
In the Introduction, among other things, we have a brief
narrative of Mary Wilson, who was born at Crosfield, in
the Parish of Kirkoswald, Nov. 19, 1652. Her father's
name was Richard Wilson, and mother's maiden name
Mary Martendale. When she was about eight years of age
she was attacked by small pox, and Dr. Gilpinwas called in
to see her. About the "9th year of her age a gentleman
coming to her Father's house in Discourse with, her
Father, told him That there was a strong report that the
Parliament was about to put forth An Act for the Banish-
ment of all the Nonconformists in England." She over-
heard this ; and on being asked by her father whether he
should conform, replied " No my Father, though they
should do with you as they did with Mr. I would not
have you conform." There is also an account of her own
experiences given by herself in her 15th year, under date
1667. She tells about hearing Mr. Nicholson on Matt. 7,
21; again on Gen. 17, 1; also Mr. Davis on Mai. 4, 2;
Mr. Nicholson again on Numb. 14, 24, also John 5 " the
latter part of V. 14." Mr. Nicholson was sent for as sbe
lay dying; and it is stated that the doctor and Mr.
Wilkinson sat with her immediately before the end
" between four and five " in the morning of Aug. 3, 1672.
George Nicholson's Funeral Sermon for her was on Luke
12, 40 ; and verses 14 to 18 of Psalm 103 were sung. The
poetic pieces in praise of the deceased are signed by
"M.C."; "Christopher Rickerby School-Master of
Lazonby"; and " G.L." [George Larkham]. In the
volume is a letter ending : " Your unworthy Brother
J.H.
Blacklough
Aug. 27, 1672."
Another lengthy one is "to Mr. Rich. Wilson of Crosfield
after the Death of his dear and only Daughter; upon the
receipt of a Letter of Complaint from him for long Absence
after promise of Presence." It begins thus: — " My very
342
The Ejected of 1662
Dear and Beloved Son in the Faith, through our well-
beloved Saviour."
Signed :
" From Wei den the
25 of the 8th
Month
1672."
" Who is, and ever will
be ready to be a
server of your Faith
and an helper of
your Joy J. D. [avis].
Yet another is signed : —
** Octob. 18. From your Fellow-feeling
1762 [misprint Brother G.L.[arkham]."
for 1672].
It is followed thus : —
Anagr. Mary Wilson
Your Nam' liv's
Dear little Soul, now shrined above in Glory
Though thee we may not See, We'le view by Story ;
Tis true, it is but short, yet sweet, and we
Will chear our selves with this that's left of thee,
When as Elijah hence in Whirlwind flew
He cast a mantle, so hast thou done too :
We'le take it up, there's in it some relief,
By it we may in part wade through our grief,
For thy removal : you are gone we know
But your Nam' liv's and shall with
Saints below.
G. L.
Another : —
per eundem
What ! ripe so soon marvel we not ;
Fruit ripes fast in a Garden plot.
In warm Soyl there good trees will bear
Assoon as planted, the first year.
This little tender, precious tree,
Dropt Mellow-fruit, as you may see.
Here's but a little, loads she bore,
But gathering vessel held no More.
What here you find collected by
A Sobbing Heart, a Weeping Eye ;
(A Father mourning for his loss,
Mary Wilson
In Warm Soyl
Kirkoswald 343
To him th' heaviest outward cross)
Take notice of, use to your good,
Such fruit from young ones is choice food
When old trees fruitless grow, God then
Will raise fruit-bearing Childeren.
You that in Warm Soyl are, 0 mind
What this warm Soul hath left behind.
Good Families and Churches are.
The warmest Soyls i'th world by far.
G. L.
In the Kirkoswald Registers are some Latin verses by
" Georgius Nicolson," probably the Minister in question;
and his burial entry there reads thus : —
1697 Mr. George Nicolson buryed August the 22nd.
Bishop Nicolson adds: —
There's a Third Monumental Inscription preparing for one Dawes;
who (from teaching a few petty boyes and girls at Salkeld-yeats)
advanced to ye profession of a Pastor in ye same way with G.
Nicolson ye Independant.'
George Yates, 1668—1670.
There is an unfortunate gap in the Registers after 1659
to 1685, with the exception of a few odd entries ; but, as
previously stated, George Yates, Rector of Croglin '^
obtained a license to serve this Cure. He died in 1670.
George Sanderson, 1671.
He was at Gainford, Durham, in 1652, and Forcett,
in Richmondshire, in 1661. He wrote freely to Lord
Wharton, and his letters are in the Rawlinson MSS.^ In
one of them he suggests that he would like to succeed
Francis Higginson at Kirkby Stephen, who was " not
likely to return " after his Ejection. Nicolson and
Bum say that, on succeeding George Yates at Croglin,
he had a similar license for Kirkoswald. The arrange-
ment held until 1685, when, for some reason or other,
the Kirkoswald living was sequestered from him.
1. Miscel., p. 118.
2. Vide p. 415.
3. Bodl. Library.
344 The Ejected of 1662
Nicolson, in his Diary under May 13, 1685, thus refers to
the matter : —
A new Sequestration order'd for Kirk-oswald.
25th Serv'd ye Sequestration on Mr. Sanderson at Kirk-oswald ; &
Mr. Rumney put in by ye Sequestrators. 1
John Rumxey, 1685—1738.
He first appears in the Registers thus, though his
license as Curate is dated Oct. 3, 1687 : —
Roberbtus fil Jonis Rumney baptizatus Octobris 10™° 4to. 1685.
He married " Issibell " Sanderson, the daughter doubtless
of his predecessor, in 1681. ^ and probably was serving as
Curate at the time. In addition to Kirkoswald he had
charge of Renwick, until his death in 1738. His burial
is thus recorded : —
1738 The Revd. Mr. Rumney Minister of Kirkoswald & Renwick
Novr 16th.
A person of this name was at Cross Canonby in 1712.^
John Mandeville, 1739 — 1761.
He was instituted in 1739, under a Presentation by the
Great Seal, and remained until his death. His burial
entry is given thus : —
1761 The Revd. Mr. John Mandeville Vicar July ye 19th.
Such would appear to be the list ; but it has to be admitted
that the case is not free from difficulty. Nicolson and
Burn state that the place, not being worth "the expense of a
Presentation under the Great Seal," was successively
served by way of sequestration by George Sanderson, John
Rumney and James Wannop. In 1714 they add that
James Wannop " tendred a presentation under the Great
Seal and was thereupon instituted " ; " in 1719 William
Milner was licensed to be Curate ; so also John Rumney
in 1723 upon whose death, in 1739, John Mandeville was
1. Trans. .(N.S.), vol. i, pp. 29, 30. The Registers give : — "Richardus
Harrison Clericus sepult ffebii 24th ano 1686," though its precise
significance does not appear.
2. Vide p. 330.
3. Vide p. 737.
Kirkoswald 345
instituted." ^ The matter is not clearly put, and appear-
ances point rather in the direction of a continuous ministry
for John Rumney, from 1685 to 1738, the persons named
serving as his Curates. At any rate until further evidence
is forthcoming it must be left thus.^ The Registers give
the following respecting Wannop : —
Mr. Wannup and Mrs. Dor. Towry Aug. 9th, 1719 married.
She was buried Sep. 12, 1747, and is described as "widow."
The baptism also of " Mary the daughter of Wm. Milner
Clerk Sepbr the 27th 1722 " appears in them. To these
must be added the name of Joseph Tangate, Curate, whose
wife " Jannett " was buried on " lObr ye 7 1712." »
The Lowthion or Lowthian family were of considerable
importance in the neighbourhood. There was a George
Lowthion, B. A., who was ordained Deacon Sept. 20, 1668, to
whom Foster refers as follows : — "George Lowthian ' Serv'
S.John of Kirkoswald, Cumberland, pleb. Queen's Coll.,
matric. 14 Dec, 1660, aged 18; B.A. 1665, rector of Whit-
field, Northumberland, 1666.^' In the Kirkoswald Registers
is the following entry : — " Ulrick son of George Lowthion
Clerk baptized September the 2nd 1678." ^ The Lowthion
entries are numerous, the references to George Lowthion
being particularly frequent. Sometimes he appears as
" George Lowthian " ; then " Mr. George Lowthian " ;
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 428.
2. I am inclined to modify the opinion above given and think that
John Rumney removed to Cross Canonby about 1712 (vide p. 737). His
wife " Isabell " died in 1723, and he in 1728. In that case the order
would be the one given by Nicolson and Burn, Wannop, Milner and
Rumney, the latter being second of that name who served here.
3. Can this be "the Schoolmr of Ousby (Tingate) " who on Saturday
Dec. 18, 1708, appeared with "a Title from Mr. Robinson, for Deacon's
orders?" (Nicolson's Diary Trans. (N.S.), vol. iv, p. 43.)
4. Vide Al. Ox. Ulrick was educated like his father at Queen's
matriculating March 29, 1698, at the age of 17, and becoming Rector of
Whitfield, Northumberland, in 1703 ; and Bishop Nicolson says : "Sep.
20. 1702. Ord. Priest Uthred Lowthian formerly (as his Father) of Qu.
Coll. Oxon. design'd by his Cousin ye Patron, to be Rector of Whitfield."
(Trans. (N.S.), vol. ii, p. 181.)
146
The Ejected of 1662
again " George Lowthion gent " ; yet again as " George
Lowthian Clerk " ; and under date 1697 " burialls " we
have the following : — " Ann daughter of parson Lowthion
November the 29." If these all relate to the same
individual, as they probably do, it would appear that
George Lowthion had ceased to be in active service as a
Minister, being resident on his estate at Kirkoswald.^
There are several references also to " Thomas Lowthion
Clerk." A person of this name ministered some time to
the Penruddock Nonconformist congregation. His son,
Samuel Lowthion, became the Minister of the Newcastle
congregation, where Dr. Gilpin formerly laboured, and
he was a leader in the Arian movement of the 18th Century.
1. In the St. Cuthbert's Transcripts, Carlisle, is the following : —
" 1700 Bridgett the daughter of Mr. Creorge Lowthian baptized the 18th
of June."
IV. EENWICK.
This is a considerable village some five miles east of
Lazonby, away in the hill scenery which borders upon
Northumberland and Durham. The Church is dedicated to
All Saints ; and in the days of Pope Nicholas it was rectorial.
In the period with which we are concerned it was a mere
Chapelry, served by a Curate, who appears to have had
charge of Kirkoswald as well. In the account of Kirkoswald^
therefore, will be found all that is known of the men who
held this living. The Historians are silent in reference to
them and the Registers supply no new name. The earliest
Register Book is a small volume containing few entries,
and these are scarcely legible. The first two pages appear
to be occupied with miscellaneous entries of late date, say
about 1680 and 1690. They are written across and cannot
be deciphered. The first page on the second leaf gives the
following : —
A True Account of the Weddings Births and Burials within the
pish of Eenwick since the Year of our Lord God 1649.
The entries are few, only two for 1649, one for 1650; and
the first three pages lead up to 1681. At the end of 1666
are the words : —
Noe Eegestr for Eight years following.
Again at 1675 : —
Noe Regestr again for 5 years following.
I suspect this to be a copy made by a later hand from
older fragments that have perished . The following probably
served this place : — John Davis, George Nicholson ; possibly
the Incumbents of Croglin and Ainstable, more or less;
and certainly John Rumney and others from 1681
onwards. In the Renwick Registers are the following
respecting Rumney's family : —
1681 Tabitha daughter of John Rumney Clerk Bap. March ye 6th.
1683 Anne daughter of John Rumney Clerk bap. Jany. ye 18.
348
The Ejected of 1662
1686 Robert son of John Rumney Clerk Bap. Octobr ye 14.
1691 Margarett daughter of John Rumney Bap. June ye 10.
1694 Isabell daughtr of John Rumney Clerk Bap. Sep. ye 2d.
1697 John son of John Rumney Clerk Bapt. June the 6th.
His marriage with Isabell Sanderson, the daughter prob-
ably of his predecessor, George Sanderson, in 1681 appears
in the Hesket Registers.^ The Rumneys were a consider-
able family in this neighbourhood, entries relating to them
occurring frequently in the Renwick, Kirkoswald and
Ainstable Registers. Under date 1701 is the following : —
"Richard Beckton, Clark, Buried July the 14th."
Judging from the significance of the word " Clerk " in
these Registers it is almost certain that this was a
Minister; but where he laboured is not known, unless he
was John Rumney's Curate.
1. Vide p. 330.
Y. ADDINQHAM.
A parish of considerable extent, including Glassonby
and Gamblesby or Gamlesby, which lies a few miles south
east of Lazonby. The Church is dedicated to St. Michael.
The first volume of the Registers, which is of
parchment, is much wasted by damp. The earliest
decipherable date is March, 1603^. Some pages have
been torn away. The writing is fairly legible, but the
edges in many places have been worn away. The follow-
ing is a list of Incumbents : —
Edward Maplett, M.A., 1591.
He was Kector of Clifton in 1584,^ and in that year
became also a Prebendary of Carlisle Cathedral, remaining
such until his death in 1624. He founded the Free School
at Maughanby.2 The Registers give the following : —
Willyam Maplett the sonne of Edward Maplett vicar of Addingham
was buried the xx daie of October 1608.
.... of Mr. Henry Maeplett the Sonne of Mr. . . . [date about
1621].
There was a Thomas Maplett, M.A., at Edenhall in 1609;*
and at Little Salkeld in 1611.
Thomas Lambert, 1627.
This is a new name and it is only proper to say that the
evidence for it is not decisive. It is supplied by the
following entry in the Registers : —
The Chrestening of Thomas Lambert the sone of Sir Thomas
Lambert of Glassonby the 5th daie of Julije 1627.
The prefix " Sir " was the usual one given to a Minister
about this time; and a person of the name was ordained
Deacon May 23, 1619, and Priest June 11, 1620.
Lewis West, M.A., 1636—1646.
I He belonged to the elder branch of the Wests of Under-
1. Vide p. 1239.
2. Jefferson's Leath Ward, p. 330 note.
3. Vide p. 440.
350 The Ejected of 1662
bank in Hunshelf, near Penistone. Francis West of
Denby, in the same district, appears to have been a member
of the younger branch who were strong Puritans, whilst
the elder were equally pronounced Royalists. Lewis
West married Frances, eldest daughter of Richard Marsh,
D.D., Yicar of Halifax, and on the death of his elder
brother he succeeded to the Underbank estate.^ He was
instituted to Addingham jSTov. 21, 1636, on a Presentation
by the Dean and Chapter, becoming a Prebendary of
Carlisle the same year. Walker, who finds him a place
in his list, says : ■ —
He was a Man of Worth and Learning, Survived the Rebellion,
enjoyed his Preferment again, and was the Only Member of the
Chapter who outlived the Usurpation. 2
He appears in the list of contributors to the Carlisle
garrison in 1644, the amount standing against his name
being £1. 0. 0.^ His Sequestration took place about
1646, and the following documents deal with the matter :
Addingham. ^Nlaij 30. 1646.
Upon the humble peticon of ffrances the wife of Lewes West from
whom the vicarage of Addingham in the Countie of Cumberland is
sequestred. It is ordered that the sd Mrs. West shall have for &
towards the maintennce of her and her children the full cleere 5th pte
of all the tithes rents glebe lands and Easter booke of the sd viccaridge
all taxes and charges first deducted out of the whole) unlesse good
cause be shewn to the contrarie the sd Mr. West and his wife yielding
all due obedience to the said sequestracon The examinacon of wch
cause (if there be any) this Comittee doe refer to the Comittee of
Parliamt. for the Countie of Ciunberland who are desired to hear the
ptes on both sides therein and to call before them and examine the
witnesses that shalbe produced as well for proofe of the sd cause as
on the pte and behalfe of the sd Mrs. West for the satisfying of her
and of the sd paymt of the sd 5th pte & to determine the differences
betweene them or otherwise to certifie the same to this Comittee. 4
Addingham. August 19. 1646.
Upon consideracon had of the peticon of Lancelott Lowther Minister
of Addingham in the Countie of Cumberland this Cotee doe declare
1. Yorkshire Diaries. (Surtees Soc, vol. 65), p. 37, note 2.
2. Walker, part ii, p. 10.
3. Vide p. 134.
4. Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15670.
Addingham 351
& order that ffrances the wife of Lewis West from whome the viccar-
age of Addingham aforsd is sequestred shall have the 5th pte of the
»d viccarage from the tyme that the sd Mrs. West did peticon for
the sd 5th pte & not before And that all taxes & charges be first
deducted out of the whole And that the same be paid in money by the
said Mr. Lowther and not in specie wch the Cotee for the said
Countie are desired upon examinacon of pties on both sides Concern-
inge the valine of the sd living to ascertaine to see paid accordinglie. i
Addingham. Maij 29. 1647.
Upon consideracon had of the Peticon of Lancelott Lowther to
whom the vicarage of Addingham in the County of Cumberland is
sequestred This Comittee doe referre it to the Comittee of Parliamt
for the said County or any three of them who are desired to examine
what cause can be shewen why a fift pte of the profitts of the said
vicarage should not be paid to the wife of Mr. West from whom the
same is sequestred callinge before them and Examininge pties and
witnesses on both sides therein concerned and to determine the same
if they can or otherwise to certifie the whole cause to this Comittee
togeather with the valine of the said Liveinge. 2
Addingham. October 19. 1647.
This Comitee doe appoint to heare the Cause betweene Mr. Lowther
to whom the Viccarage of Addingham in the Countie of Cumberland
is sequestred and ffrances the wife of INIr. West from whome the same
is sequestred upon the exaicons Certifi'd from the Cotee of pliamt for
the said Countie on the 21st daie of December next ensueinge whereof
the said Mrs. West is given Convenient notice. 3
Lancelot Lowther, M.A., 1646.
This is an entirely new name, neither Jefferson nor
"Whellan, nor Nicolson and Burn making any attempt to
fill in the gap between Lewis West and William Sill.
To the documents already given the following may be
added : —
Addingham.
Rect. of Addingham. August 19, 1646.
By vertue of an order of both houses of pliamt of the second of I\Iay
last It is ordered that the further sume of 20li be paide out of the
Rent reserved to the Deane & Chapter of Carlile out of the Rectorie
of Addingham in the Countie of Cumberland to & for increase of the
maintenance of Lancelott Lowther, Minister of the pish Church of
1. Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15670.
2. Ibid., 15671.
3 Ibid.
352 The Ejected of 1662
Addingham aforesaid the viccarage whereof is worthe but 60li a yeare
And the Sequestrators of the pmisses are required to paie the Same
accordinglie at such times & Seasons of the yeare as the said Rent
shall grow due & payable.'
In the Commonwealth Survey for 1649 he is given as
" Clarke & Viccar " of Little Salkeld, which is the same
as Addingham. 2 From the same source comes the follow-
ing:—
Little Salkeld.
There is pd out of ye Viccaridge of Mr. Lancelott Lowther the
present Incumbent by ordinance of parliamt unto ye wife of Lodwicke
West the fformer viccare of late sequestred and put out for his
delinquencie ye one ffifth pt of the pfitts of ye sd Viccaridge. 3
This same document also states that Frances West,
daughter of Lewis West, in 1638, had leased certain fields
&c. in Little Salkeld.
The reader is referred to Kirkby Thore and Long
Marton, * for a discussion of the difficulty experienced in
relation to the two Lancelot Lowthers, who appear to
have been settled in these parts at the same time. The
theory there advanced is put forth with some diffidence,
but assuming its soundness the following in relation to
the present Lancelot Lowther may be accepted as correct.
He was the sixth son of Sir Christopher Lowther, who was
the second son of Sir Eichard Lowther, grandfather of
Lancelot Lowther of Kirkby Thore. The two Lancelots
would, therefore, be cousins. Lancelot Lowther of Adding-
ham married Esther Pearce of Dublin. The difficulty in
the case of the Lowthers has been largely created through
Nicolson and Burn assigning the Addingham Lowther to
Long Marton. This appears to be quite a mistake. It
should be noted that the statement of Nicolson and Burn
is halting and uncertain. The next Incumbent [at Long
Marton] they say " seems to have been Lancelot Lowther."
They also state that when he died in 1661, assuming bim
1. Bodl. MS., 323.
2. Vide p. 1299.
3. Lambeth MSS. — Surveys, vol. ii.
4. Vide pp. 1150, 1165.
Addingham 353
to be the Long Marton Rector, lie was very old, his father
having died 54 years previously at the age of 77 years.
As appears later it was the other Lancelot who died in
1661, and he could not have been excessively old : for his
widow " Sarah," not " Esther," states in her petition that
he had left her with " 7 young children all unprovided
for." According to Foster he took his B.A. degree in
1614, and where he had been previous to his appointment
to Addingham in 1646, we do not know. It is extremely
interesting to find a Lowther replacing Lewis West; and
the fact shows how little ground there is for the statement
frequently made that the policy of the Commonwealth was
to suppress and eject the Episcopalian Minister as such.
For however much Lancelot Lowther may have modified
his position there is no reason to think that he was other
than an Episcopalian.
John Billingsley, M.A., 1653.
He was the son of Thomas Billingsley of Chatham,
Kent, matric. July 8, 1642, at Exeter Coll. at the age of
17, admitted to St. John's Coll., Cambridge, Sept. 21,
1644, graduated B.A. 1648, was incorporated from Corpus
Christi, Oxford, April 24, 1649, and proceeded M.A.
April 28, 1649, Fellow by the Parliamentary Visitors in
1648 (incorporated at Cambridge 1652).^ Calamy, who
says that he was born Sept. 14, 1625, states that " he was
solemnly ordain'd to the Ministry Sept. 26, 1649, in the
Church of St. Andrew, Undershaft, in London. While he
was at Oxford, he Preach'd frequently in the Adjacent
Places, and at length had a Call into one of the remote,
and dark Corners of the Land to Preach the Gospel, which
he did painfully at Addingham in Cumberland. He
found the People very Ignorant, and therefore set upon
Catechizing and was one of the Association for reviving
the Scriptural Discipline of particular Churches, of which
the World has had an account in Print." The reference
here is, of course, to the Association of Cumberland and
Westmorland Ministers. John Billingsley joins in the
letter of 1653 to Richard Baxter, in reference to this
1. Al. Ox.
X
354 I'he Ejected of 1662
matter ; and is there described as " Minister of Adding-
ham." 1 When he left Addingham is not clear, but he
removed to Chesterfield in Derbyshire, whence he was
ejected. Possibly the foreshadowings of Ejection are to
be seen in the following from the Calendar of State
Papers : for at this time all over the country the men who
held Commonwealth appointments in the Church began
to feel the uncertainty of their position.
Sep. 17. 1659.
John Billingsley, vicar of Chesterfield, and Mr. Clud [Child ( ?)]
Minister of Alfreton, to attend Council the 2nd Wednesday in Oct.
next to answer Charges of misdemeanor objected against them and
Mr. Newton, Mayor of Chesterfield, to send them a copy of this order
at least 10 days before that time,
ditto.
Pres. Salway to Wm. Newton, Mayor of Chesterfield,
Council has received your letter concerning the miscarriage of Mr.
Billingsley and Mr. Child, Ministers, and approves your care. They
desire you to see that both are summoned to attend Council, according
to the inclosed order, and if you have power as a J. P., you are to take
evidence on oath about their affairs from any that know them (or else
. some Justices of the Peace that have the power are to do it) and you
are to report to us speedily .2
Calamy gives a lengthy account of John Billingsley,^
and states that a son of the same name was Pastor of a
Church at Hull for some time, and afterwards at London,
where he died in Charterhouse Yard ; and that a grandson
similarly named had charge of a congregation at Dover
at the time of his writing. John Billingsley, senior, died
May 30, 1683.
Daniel Broadley, 1660.
Respecting this person Calamy has the following in his
1713 Edition, the one used throughout this work: —
Adingham : Mr. Daniel Broadley. That was his right Name. And
whereas I before had mention'd Mr. Broadley of Glassenby I have
1. Eel. Bax., p. 164.
2. Cal., S. P. for 1659—69, pp. 204, 205.
3. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 169 ; vol. iii, p. 233.
>
Addingham 355
since been given to understand that Glassenby is a Toun in Adingham
Parish, where one Mr. Croxall was at that time, who Conform'd.'
Palmer in his 1775 Edition, omits the foregoing and
simply has : "Addingham. Mr. Daniel Broadley."^ j^
his 1802 Edition, Palmer says: —
It is queried whether this place be not in the West Riding of
Yorkshire.*
Here, as frequently elsewhere, Calamy is correct and his
reviser at fault. There is no room for even the faintest
shadow of a doubt about the identity of the place. Un-
fortunately we know little of Daniel Broadley beyond
what is given above. The Addingham Registers, how-
ever, have the following : —
The Weding of Mr. Robertt Bartram Minister of Croglen and Mistres
Martha Broadley daughter of Mr. Daniell Broadley Minister of this
pish Aprill ye 23rd 1657.
Levstis West, M.A., 1661—1668.
It has already been stated that the Restoration brought
the return of Lewis West to Addingham. He was also
collated to Great Salkeld,^ April 22nd, 1661, and still
further rewarded with the Archdeaconry of the Carlisle
Diocese. The following entries relating to his family
appear in the Addingham Registers : —
Chresteninge of Thomasyne West daughter of Mr. Lewis West of
Salkeld 1642.
. . . 1643 . . . Weste daughter of Mr. Lewis Weste of Salkeld
Buried .... July.
Baptism (?).... of Mr. Lewis Weste of Salkeld Maye ye 5th
1644.
Lewis West died in 1668.
William Sill, M.A., 1668—1673.
He was instituted Sept. 26, 1668, on a Presentation by
the Dean and Chapter. " In the year 1678," write
Nicolson and Burn, " he commenced a suit in chancery
1. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 159.
2. Non. Mem., vol. i, p. 296
3. Ibid. p. 377.
4. Vid§ pp. 177, 361
356 The Ejected of 1662
against the dean and chapter, which by the mediation of
bishop Eainbow was compromised; and a lease of the
tithes of Little Salkeld was granted by the dean and
chapter in augmentation of the vicarage." i This
reads as if William Sill were still at Addingham, but he
had removed to Bromfield in 1673. ^ He was one of the
Prebendaries of the Cathedral and resigned that position
in 1681 to become Prebendary of Westminster.
Henry Aglionby, 1674 — 1697,
He was instituted April 28, 1674, and was the second
son of John Aglionby of Carlisle, and younger brother of
the Recorder of the City. He received his early training
at Sedbergh, whence he went to St. John's College, Cam-
bridge, entering there in 1666, at the age of 17 years.
He added to his Addingham living, in 1691, that of
Bowness, Cumberland,^ and died in 1697. His great
uncle Dr. J. Aglionby, Principal of St. Edmund Hall,
Oxford, and Chaplain to Queen Elizabeth, was one of the
translators of the New Testament.*
Thomas Ne Vinson, B. A., 1697.
He was at IJldale in 1684,^ and was instituted to
Addingham Oct. 18, 1697, on a Presentation by the Dean
and Chapter of Carlisle, being inducted two days after-
wards. The Haile Registers contain the following note
of his marriage : —
1690 Thomas Nevinson and Grace Nicolson M[arried].
This was Bishop Nicolson's sister. In the Wetheral
Registers we have the marriage entry, of possibly a
daughter, or sister, of Thomas Nevinson in the following
terms : —
1708 Mr. William Eobley & Margaret Nevinson Mar. ffeb. ye 17.
The Nevinsons would appear to have been a prominent
family in Carlisle at this time. The following occurs in
the St. Mary's Church Registers, Carlisle: —
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 451.
2. Vide p. 641.
3. Vide p. 604.
4. Sedbergh School Register, p. 88.
5. Vide p. 557.
I
Addingham 357
Baptism
Abbey Street Stanwix ye Son of Mr. William Nevinson bapt. ye
25. [Jany 1701-2.]
Thomas Nevinson was subsequently at Torpenhow.^
William Nicoi^on, M.A., D.D., 1698—1702.
He was previously at Torpenhow and Great Salkeld,^
and was instituted to Addingham on February 2, 1698-9
on the same Presentation. The Addingham Registers
give the following respecting his Induction : —
^ Feby 11. 1698-9 Mr. Wm. Nicolson Archdeacon of Carlisle was (by
vertue of a mandate from ye Lord Bishop of Carlisle) inducted into
the vicarage of Adingham by me
Nath. Spooner vicar of Kirkland
in the presence of
Cha. Smalwood
William Clarke
Mathew Hodgson
Mathew Hodgson.
William Nicolson resigned Addingham in 1702 to become
Bishop of Carlisle.
John Christopheesox, M.A., B.D., 1702 — 1758.
He was of St. John's College, Cambridge, taking his
B.A. in 1695, M.A. 1700, S.T.B. 1708. He was instituted
July 10th, 1702, and inducted the following day by
William Lindsey, Hector of Melmerby.^ Bishop Xicolson
in 1704, speaks of his " worthy Successor " in terms of
high praise,* He died in 1758.
1. Vide p. 582.
2. Vide pp. 362, 582.
3. So the Addingham Registers : vide also Nicolson's Diaries, Trans.
<N.S.), vol. ii, p. 170.
4. Miscel., p. 122.
YI. GEEAT SALKELD.
Great Salkeld is a village about four miles south of
Lazonby. The Church is dedicated to St. Cuthbert. The
earliest Register Book is a small, long, narrow paper
volume in which the following appears : —
A full and perfect Register of all Births, Weddings and Burials in
the parish of Gt. Salkeld from and after ye 30th day of Aprill A.D.
1695. In pursuance of a late Act of Parliament.
As late as 1831 there was an earlier volume containing
births, marriages and burials from 1583 to 1717; but this
has disappeared. Of the earlier Registers only a mere
fragment remains, a single parchment leaf, with
promiscuous entries for the years 1571 — 1573. The
Churchwardens' Accounts consist of loose papers, dating-
back, in some cases, to 1587. From the earliest times
until about sixty years ago, the living was an appendage
to the Archdeaconry of Carlisle. The following is the list
of Incumbents : —
Edwaed Threlkeld, M.A., LL.D., 1567— 1588 (?).
He was born at Burgh-by-Sauds about 1526, and
admitted a Scholar of King's College, Cambridge, Aug. 11,
1544, and a Fellow Aug. 12, 1547. He graduated B.A, in
1548, M.A. in 1552 and LL.D. in 1562. On March 11,
1567-8, he was collated to Great Salkeld and the Arch-
deaconry of Carlisle. In the "Athense Cantabrigienses "
it is stated that he was at Greystoke in 1571 ; but that
would appear to be an error. He compounded for the
First Fruits of Great Salkeld in 1568 : for the Prebend
of Cublington in 1571 ; and for the Yicarage of Tenbury,
Hereford , 1573. About 1583 he exercised Episcopal
jurisdiction in the Diocese of Hereford, the Bishop, John
Scory, being superannuated. Whether Edward Threlkeld
was non resident in relation to his Cumbrian livings is
not certain, though appearances point strongly in that
direction. Nor is it known whether he held these livings
until his death, which took place in 1588. His Will,
Great Salkeld 359
dated June 22, 1588, was proved Nov. 16, 1589. In it he
refers to " Thomas Threlkelde bayliffe of Burghe by
Sandes" ; also to "Sr. Eichard Thomas my curate of
Chewton." Doubtless he belonged to the Threlkelds of
Melmerby.^
Henry Dethick, M.A., D.C.L., 1588—1597.
He was the son of Sir Gilbert Dethick, Grarter King of
Arms, and was educated at Oxford where he graduated
B.A. Feb. 16, 1568-9; M.A. June 14, 1572; B.C.L. July 2,
1578; and Sup.D.C.L. Dec. 6, 1581. He was Master of
Greetham Hospital, Durham, and subsequently became
Archdeacon and Chancellor of Carlisle, as well as Rector
of Great Salkeld. He retained the Chancellorship after
resigning Great Salkeld, and died in 1613 at the age of
67 years. 2
Richard Pilkington, M.A., D.D., 1597—1599.
Foster instances a person of this name from Emmanuel
College, Cambridge, supplicating for incorporation with
Queen's College, Oxford, in 1599, whom he supposes to
have been the Rector of Great Salkeld. He was Rector
of Hambledon, Bucks., in 1595; Archdeacon of Leicester
in 1625 ; and Treasurer of Lichfield Cathedral, 1625-8.
He died in Sept. 1631, and was buried in the chancel of
his Church. ^
Giles Robinson, M.A., D.D., 1599—1602.
He was brother to Henry Robinson, who was Bishop of
Carlisle, and who collated him to the living. Giles Robinson
resigned in 1602, and became Ticar of Crosthwaite, Cum-
berland.*
Nicholas Deane, M.A., 1602—1604.
His other appointments were Warcop, Bromfield and
Ousby, &c. ^
George Warwick, M.A., 1604—1621.
It would appear that he held Melmerby as well as Great
1. Ath. Cant., vol. ii, pp. 42, 544; Great Salkeld, its Kectors and
History, by A. G. Loftie, p. 40.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Ibid.
4. Vide p. 648.
5. Vide pp. 387, 638, 1123.
;6o
The Ejected of 1662
Salkeld and the Archdeaconsliip. He was a native of
Cumberland, and matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford,
June 14, 1582, at the age of 16, taking his B.A. Dec. 8,
1586, and M.A. June 9, 1589. He became Fellow in
1593, and was Rector of Simondsburne in IS^orthumber-
land in 1597-9. For members of the Warwick family
the reader is. referred to the accounts of Brampton, Bow-
ness, Morland and Beaumont.^
Egbert Wright, 1621.
Almost certainly the person of that name who appears
at Stanwix in 1616. ^ He remained at Great Salkeld only
about a year. He is not in Jefferson's list of Archdeacons
of Carlisle.^.
Isaac Sixgletox, M.A., 1622—1643.
He was collated by Bishop Milburn Jan. 15, 1622, the
place being given as " Silkelde als Salkelde Maga." For
an account of him the reader is referred to Crosthwaite,
Cumberland.^ His son, Richard Singleton, was at Mel-
merby.^
Peter Wextworth, M.A., D.D., 1645— 1660 (?).
He was the son of Thomas Wentworth of Oxford, and
related to the Earl of Strafford. He matriculated at
Magdalen Hall, Oxford, March 13, 1617-18, at the age of
16; became Fellow of Balliol and B.A. June 8, 1621; was
incorporated at Cambridge in 1623 ; took his M.A. Dec. 14,
1624; B.D. Trinity Term, 1631, and his D.D. July 16,
1633. He became Rector of Riseholme in Lincolnshire, in
1633, and was Dean of Armagh from 1637 to 1641. The
Ulster Rebellion in 1641 necessitated his flight from
Ireland; and his appointment to the Archdeaconry of
Carlisle and the Great Salkeld living followed. Whether
lie was resident is not clear, still less is it whether he held
these appointments until the Restoration. He was, how-
1. Vide pp. 250, &c.
2. Vide p. 189.
3. Hist, of Carlisle, p. 254; Great Salkeld, &c., p. 57.
4. Vide p. 649.
5. Vide p. 384.
Great Salkeld 361
ever, in charge of Buriton in Hampshire, in January,
1658. Mr. Loftie says: — "At the Restoration, reinstate-
ment in his former deanery or an Irish Bishopric was
■offered to him, but he declined to return to Ireland, and
accepted only the rectory of Haseley, in Oxfordshire." He
died at Bath July 22, 1661, at the age of 60; and was
buried in the Abbey Church. A brass plate there bears
the following inscription : —
Petrus Wentworth S.T.P. Patriciorum proles, doctrinae maritus.
Summus Hyberniae decanus, Angliae praeconium primns.
Ob. 22 Jul. 1661.'
Lewis West, M.A., 1660—1667.
He compounded for his First Fruits in 1660 and held
the living of Addingham as well, where an account of him
appears.-
John Peachall, D.D., 1667-8.
He was of Magdalen College, Cambridge, graduating
S.T.B. in 1661 and S.T.P. in 1680. He was collated to
Oreat Salkeld Nov. 28, 1667, and was also Prebendary of
Carlisle. He resigned, however, the following year and
" returned to Cambridge, where he was chosen Master of
Magdalen College, and yice-Chancellor of that Univer-
sity." 3
Thomas Musgrave, M.A., D.D., 1668—1682.
He was granted '' letters dismissory on February 25,
1660-1, being then B.A." * and was collated to the dual
position Nov. 23, 1668. He was the sixth son of Sir
Philip Musgrave, and entered Queen's College, Oxford,
as Commoner, Dec. 15, 1656, matriculated March 10,
1656-7, took his B.A. July 26, 1659, M.A. May 5, 1662,
and was created B.D. and D.D. Oct. 10, 1685. He was
Rector of Whitburn in Durham, in 1675, being also Canon
of Durham Cathedral, and of Chichester in 1681. He
was, therefore, a very considerable Pluralist. Thomas
1. Al. Ox. ; Great Salkeld, &c., p. 62 .
2. Vide p. 355.
3. Jefferson's Hist, of Carlisle, p. 264.
4. Episcopal Eegister.
362 The Ejected of 1662
Musgrave's first wife was the daughter of Sir Thomas
Harrison of Allerthorp, Yorkshire. She died in 1677^
and lies in the Musgrave burial place at Edenhall. His.
second wife was Anne, daughter of Sir John Cradock of
Richmond, Yorkshire. Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1704,
says that the parsonage was left in " a ruineous and Nasty
Condition by Archdeacon West" ; but that his "immediate-
predecessor Mr. Tho. Musgrave afterwards D.D. and Dean
of Carlile," had " repair'd it handsomely, and at a Con-
siderable Charge."^ Mr. Loftie says : —
We can tell the exact date of this much-needed restoration from a
stone door lintel, which was found by the present rector [1900], built
into an outhouse wall. This stone has now been inserted into the-
front wall of the Rectory, over the modern entrance door. It has
carved upon it, in raised letters, the initials of the rector and his
wife, "T. and M.M." with the figures 1674 below. ="
In 1682 Thomas Musgrave resigned his Cumberland'
appointments; but in 1684 he returned to his native-
County on being made Dean of Carlisle. He died March
28, 1686, and was buried in Durham Cathedral.^
William Nicolson, M.A., D.D., 1682—1702.
He was the son of Joseph Nicolson, for some while-
Rector of Plumbland, his grandfather being Joseph
Nicolson of Averas Holme, near Carlisle, and his grand-
mother Radigunda Scott of Stanwix. He appears to have
been of Scotch descent.* William Nicolson's mother was
Mary, fourth daughter of John Brisco of Crofton; and it
was Susannah Brisco, sister to John, whom Richard Gilpin
had married. Dr. Gilpin's son, William, a distinguishei
lawyer, and for some years Recorder of the City of Carlisle,,
would therefore be closely related to Bishop Nicolson ; and
in reference to the latter Mr. Jackson says : " He thought
it not unbecoming to manifest to one so much respected as
Gilpin his usual dictatorial, if not acrimonious humour." ^'
1. Miscel., p. 124.
2. Great Salkeld, &c., p. 68.
3. Al. Ox.
4. Vide p. 371. A pedigree of the family appears in vol. i, p. 48, of
the Trans. (N.S.).
5. Gilpin Memoirs, edited by Wm. Jackson, F.S.A., p. 15, note.
Great Salkeld ^,6^
Mr. Loftie states that William Nicolson was " born June
3rd, 1655, but it is not known for certain where, most
likely at Plumbland, his father, Joseph Isicolson, having
been rector there till his death in 1686. We cannot find
the register of his son, William's birth, as the registers
of that parish, unfortunately, do not go back so far. The
* History ' of Xicolson and Burn is plainly wrong when it
says that he was born at Orton, as his father was never
rector there, nor does his name occur in the registers which
are in existence from 1568." ^ Two or three errors appear
in that passage. Joseph Xicolson, for example, was not
continuous Rector of Plumbland until his death. That
living was in other possession from about 1648 to the
Restoration. Nor is Mr. Loftie correct in saying that
Joseph Nicolson was never at Great Orton. He certainly
was there in 1657 ;2 and Nicolson and Burn are right
in claiming that as William Nicolson's birthplace. It is
no surprise that his name cannot be found in the Registers
of Great Orton, because a gap occurs in them from 1627
to 1665, occupied only by two bits of parchment, very
imperfectly kept. Hutchinson also correctly gives Orton
as the place of his birth and states that he was " the son
of the rector of that parish." ^ William Nicolson's early
education was obtained at Dovenby School, near Bride-
kirk, whence he went to Queen's College, where he matri-
culated, July 1, 1670, at the age of 15. He graduated
B.A. Feb. 23, 1675-6, was Fellow and M.A. in 1679, and
became D.D., by Diploma, June 25, 1702. He was fortu-
nate in the friendship of Sir Joseph Williamson, who,
early in Nicolson's career, proved also to be a generous
patron. In 1671 Nicolson's father writes as follows: —
Honoured Sr.
As it hath pleased God to advance yu to an eminent trust in the
management of the publiq affaires of this nation, so it hath pleased
him also to give yu (which is the greater mercy) a large heart, which
inclines yu to lay out yor interest for the advancement of piety and
1. Great Salkeld, &c., p. 73.
2. Vide p. 230.
3. Hutchinson, vol. ii, p. 634.
'M
The Ejected of 1662
learning, especially in those places, to which yu have had any fornrr
relation, whereof as I have had frequent & credible reports, so I have
now comfortable experience, by your late bounty to my sonne, once a
scholar at Dovenby, now a student in Queen's Colledge. For which
undeserved kindnesse, I desire and shall allwayes, indeavor to expresse
my gratefullnesse. And though I cannott requite, God will reward
your charity. But if eyther yor selfe or any of your relations in these
parts have any occasion or opportunity to make use of mee, I shall bee
ready to expresse my Selfe, as I am obliged to bee (Sr)
Yor very gratefull, affectionate
Plumland Jun.
13. 1671.
[Outside]
plumbland 13th
June. E. 17th 71.
Jos. Nicholson.'
& humble Servant
Jos. Nicholson.
For his Honoured friend
Joseph Williamson Esq.
At Whitehall
London these.
In 1678 Sir Joseph sent him " to Leipsick in order to
get acquainted with the high Dutch and other septen-
trional languages. Here he translated an essay of Mr.
Hook's towards a proof of the motion of the earth from
the sun's parallax, out of English into Latin, which was
there printed by the professor who put him upon it." ^
His first living was at Torpenhow, in Nov. 1681, when he
became at the same time a Prebendary of the Cathedral;
and the following year he received in addition the Great
Salkeld living along with the Archdeaconship. In 1698
he relinquished Torpenhow and obtained Addingham.^
" In 1702," write Nicolson and Burn, " on the eve of
Ascension day he was elected bishop of Carlisle, confirmed
June 3, and consecrated June 14 at Lambeth; which
promotion was obtained by the interest of the house of
Edenhall." *
Among his friends he numbered Thoresby, the anti-
quarian, who thus writes of him : —
This year 1690, also began my correspondence with the Rev. Mr.
Nicholson, then archdeacon, and since Bishop of Carlisle, a most
1. S. P. Dom. Car. ii, vol. 290, No. 202.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 293.
3. Vide p. 582.
4. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 294.
i
Great Salkeld 365
learned and ingenious antiquary, from whom I have received many
instructive letters upon those subjects, and in return communicated
some matters that were not unacceptable to his Lordship.i
As intimated by Thoresby, Bishop Nicolson was as keen
an antiquarian as bimself, and the letters which passed
between them kept well to this domain. Rarely did they
touch upon Church matters, though Thoresby, as a IS'on-
conformist, was a very moderate one. In one letter,
however, dated from Westminster, Dec. 22, 1702, Nicolson
has one or two personal items of interest. Referring to
Thoresby's letter, which evidently was dated June 3, he
says : —
This date is of more Concern to me than perhaps any other man.
I was born on June 3. 1655, married the very day this letter was
penned, June, 3. 1636, and confirmed Bishop June 3. 1702. 2
Thoresby's letters and diaries tell also a very interesting
story of an attempted love match in which Nicolson
played a prominent part. "A Cumberland gentleman
Esquire Salkeild," of Torpenhow, wished to arrange a
marriage with Thoresby's sister in law, the daughter of
Mrs. Sykes. The two chief difficulties seem to have been
religion and the impoverished condition of the Squire's
estate. Thoresby was commissioned to go peregrinating
through Cumberland with a view to enquiries, and among
those whom he visited was George Larkham. Under date
Sept. 20, 1694, he says: —
[At Whitehaven]
Honest ilr. Atkinson, the ship master, who wrote an obliging
letter, to recommend us to Mr. Larkham, for further instructions
about Mr. Salkeld, though little expectations of success.
Sept. 21.
We rode to Tallentire to consult Mr. Larkham, the Nonconformist
Minister, to whom Mr. Atkinson recommended us, (son to a good old
Puritan, some of whose works are in print) about Mr. S. but received
the strongest reasons imaginable against it, and not fit to be com-
municated but to very choice friends concerned ; he walked with us to
Mr. Fletcher's, Copper Grove, where they are beginning to mine for
1. Thoresby's Diaries, vol. i, p. 196.
2- Thoresby's Letters, vol. i, p. 428.
366 The Ejected of 1662
the mineral ore which abounds in this County ; thence, after a
consultation, we rode over the Moors directly, to Esquire Salkeild's,
who being all abroad at Bothal &c about the harvest, we were under
a necessity to comply with them and thankfully accept a night's
lodging, though against my inclination, because foreseeing a rupture
&c.'
He speaks about " honest Parson Robinson of Plumb-
land " who " prayed and preached very affectedly and well
from Luke x. 42." At dinner he " enjoyed the modest
parson's good company," and tells about an affecting leave
taking with him " Parson Holmes " and others.
Nicolson who was then Archdeacon, and who had the
living of Torpenhow, was a warm advocate of this match.
He says he hopes to have the pleasure of seeing Thoresby
at Leeds when he accompanies his " honest parishioner
on so good an errand;" and throughout writes with the
strength and passion of a man greatly interested in the
case. In reference to the religious difficulty, Nicolson
has one or two passages, which are an interesting index
to his character, and their naivete is quite charming. He
says : —
I must do the young lady and her mother the justice as to own that
the whole family [Salkeld] are Conformists. The old gentleman is as
zealous a Protestant in opposition to Popery, as your mother-in-law
can wish for ; and I dare undertake for him that neither she nor her
daughter shall find any reason to complain of his bigotry any farther.
Only, she must give me leave to hope that I may be allowed to
endeavour to bring both her and her daughter to their parish church
(together with the rest of their relations) where I shall be so happy
as to have them within the verge of my Cure. [He was then at
Torpenhow.] I do faithfully promise them that they shall not be
railed at, neither in the church nor at home, if I cannot fairly prevail
with them. The women I am sensible must be tenderly dealt with as
weaker vessels, notwithstanding the passionate Concern that you and
I, as antiquaries may have for the primitive discipline of our Church.
Later he says that he has had : —
Occasion to discourse the old gentleman himself and can now peremp-
torily engage for him that in case this treaty goes forward, he shall
not press either your mother-in-law or her daughter to any compliance
in religious worship. But still I must be allowed to prevail with them,
if I can do it fairly.
1. Diaries, vol. i, pp. 270, 273.
Great Salkeld 367
All this notwithstanding Thoresby enters in his Diary
under date Sep. 29, 1694, that after discoursing with
relations and others in reference to the concern he is
■" writing to Esquire S. to prevent any further proceeds." ^
Bishop Nicolson and Dr. Todd were the two men upon
whom Walker mainly depended for information, in
reference to Cumberland when compiling his " Sufferings
■of the Clergy." Their communications, which were some-
what lengthy, are among the Walker MSS. in the Bodleian
Library, and, as they are most illuminating in many ways,
they are printed here in extenso : —
Westmr.
Sr Jan. 27. 1704/5.
In the beginning of this week, I had your Letter in one from Mr.
Clavel ; who is now confined with the gowt. I have assur'd him,
that, as soon as I return to my Diocese, I will endeavour to procure
Such Answers to your Queries as may be to your Satesfaction. My
Father was one of those that were ejected by the Rump- Visiters, his
Crime being his Serving the King (before he was in Orders) under the
Command of Sr Philip Musgrave. When, on the Restoration of K.
Charles the Second, he recover'd his parsonage, the Usurper (who had
«njoyd the Liveing about a dozen years, complain'd of persecution ;
and may now, for anything I know, make one of Mr. Calamy's
Confessors ; His name was Gawin Eglesfield ; an illiterate fellow,
that had not so much Learneing as would honestly qualify him to be
an Usher in a Country-Schole.2
A friend of mine is about to publish a short List of our English
Deans with the Date of their Several Instalments, Removals, or
Obits : And wants such a Catalogue of those of Exeter. If you can
speedily furnish me with such an one 'twill be very obliging. I
suppose this Session of Parliament may continue about three weeks ;
and so long a Letter directed to Mrs. Real's in the Old Palace-yard
at Westminster will come safe to Sr
Your affectionate Brother
W. Carliol.
Since I wrote my Letter Mr. Clavel has sent me a bundle of your
Queries ; of wch I will take effectual Care ; if God continues my Life,
Health and peace in the Borders — I have also another of your Letters
from Mr. Dean of Exeter. 3
1. See Thoresby's Diaries in two vols ; also Letters in two vols.
2. Yet he was an Oxford graduate, vide p. 587.
3. Walker MSS., C. 2, No. 109.
368
The Ejected of 1662
Aug. 6,
Sr 1705
I had your Letter by the last post ; and, in answer to it, can assure
you that I have been far fro being unmindful of Mr. Walker's
Queries. I got 'em despers'd by Mr. Chancr. at his Visitation; And
I have had several considerable Returns (one particularly, very home
upon Mr. Calamy) which I design, God willing, to bring up with me
at ye next Session of Parliament. My Diocese is but of a small
extent, not exceeding a hundred parishes ; and perhaps this Comer
of Our Kingdome was not so nicely sifted as ye rest. If there be need
for hastening our Contributions (small as they are) upon the first
notice they shall be speeded by Yr humble Sert.
W. Carliol.i
[This was sent to Clavel, Walker's publisher, who was collecting
the information.]
Rose, Aug.
Sr 20, 1705.
The Account you are pleas'd to give me of Mr. Fulman's Collec-
tions is very obligeing. If there be any Notes in these that relate
to the Diocese of Carlile, or that either Correct or enlarge upon what
Goodwin has said of the Bishops of this See I shall be thankful for
any short Abstract of 'em.
Upon consulting of A. Wood's Catalogue of the Priors, Deanes &c.
of my own Cathedral (in Fol. 262 of ye Collection to which you
kindly refer me amongst the Oxford MSS) I found his Lists so very
lame and defective that I durst not depend upon what Reports he
made from other Churches. I am sure, my friend (for whose use I
gave you and others the trouble of makeing your late Searches) will
rectify a great many Mistakes in the Athenae Oxonienses; which
must be suppos'd to agree with these MS. Catalogues.
I took care (in performance of my promise to have your Queries
despers'd by my Chancellour at his last Summer's Visitation : And
there are some Returns made which I shall (God willing) bring with
me to London at the next Session of Parliament. There's one of
these which very particularly confutes the false Account which Mr.
Calamy has given to the pretended hardships that were put upon
the ejected Rector of Greystock, who was indeed an Intruder, and
on Another who (before ye Restoration) never pretended to handle a
Text, tho. that Author makes him likewise one of his Confessors.
You may also expect a List of those Dignitaries of this Church that
SufTer'd (as some of 'em did very severely) in the generall Overthrow.
I am
For the Revd Mr. Walker Sr
Rector of St. Mary's Your very affectionate
in Exeter. Bro. W. Carliol.2
1. Walker MSS., C. 2, No. 111.
2. Ihid., C. 2, No. 113.
I
Great Salkeld 369
Rose, Sep.
Sr 20, 1705.
I am oblig'd to you for the kind care you are pleas'd to take in
procureing for me those helps that may be had from Mr. Fulman's
papers, towards the illustrateing ye History of this Diocese ; which
has long been part of my Study, and is like to continue so as long
as I live.
By God's Assistance, I hope to be in London about the opening of
the Parliament ; and I shall bring with me such Accounts as my
Clergy have return'd, in Answer to your Queries. They are not
many. But some of 'em will be thought very pertinent. In forty
years time the Eemembrance of those Oppressions is (in many places)
quite vanish'd ; and I wish ^Ir. Calamy had given no occasion for
rakeing together out of ye Ashes those few Shreds that remain.
I have this day put (my good friend) Dr. Gibson in mind of the
promise he made you in relation to the Dignitaries &c of Chichester.
I wonder he should never carry me into that Room at Lambeth,
wherein (you tell me) there are so many Surveys of Parishes. I doubt
they have been all taken within the province of Canterbury. Our
Dean and Chapter have such Surveys, taken by the Commissioners
of those powers yt were in ye late dayes of Rebellion of all the Lands
Rents & Tenemts) in the several Mannours belonging to their own
Body, and there is likewise (here, in my Custody) an imperfect
Collection of such Terriers of ye Bishop's Lands : But I have not
heard of any Remains of their Surveys of the parishes in this Diocese.
The meeting with these, at Lambeth or elsewhere, would be a great
pleasure to me.
I heartily beseech God to strengthen you in all your Labours for the
Service of his Church. And am ever
Sr
Your affectionate Brother
and humble Servant
W. Carliol.
[This was sent to Mr. Walker.]'
The following in response to tlie Bishop's enquiries was
sent from Thos. Gibbon of Greystoke : —
Graystcck. Val. Near 3001i p ann
William Morland A.M. of Jesus College in Cambridge ejected
Septr 1650 as by a memr under his own hand Dat. Septr 17, 1650.
After his ejectmt it lay void some time & then succeeded one ]Mr.
West, of whom I can learn no more, but yt abt 2 years end He died
here, then came Dr. Gilpin, who staid here till Mr. Morland came
1. Walker MSS., C. 2, No. 115.
370 The Ejected of 1662
agn to claim his own. So yt I cant see how ]Mr. Calamy can say
he left a good living for his Nonconformity, besides if I have not
been wrong informed ye Dr. was not so willing to leave Gr. but if
he cd ha' perswaded Mr. M. to ha quit claim to it, he wd ha ventur'd
to stay there. Perhaps (as Mr. Cal. says) he did not repent ye
exchange, but I must beleive Mr. C. is but guesseing at ye reason &
2 to one whether our guesses meet. I'm sure I ha' reason to Repent
he ever was there ; for besides suffering ye houses to goe to decay,
he entirely demolished & pulled down 47 yds of building in length
{as I have it to shew under Dr. Smallwoods own hand) : viz.
a byer or cowhouse - 20 yds
a pt of ye fratry - - 7
pt of ye oxhouse - - 5
pt of ye browhouse 6
pt of ye Great barn - 9
and as I have been 47
imformed ye timber
was all Sold.
Mr. Calamy likewise reckons Mr. Anthony Sleigh as ejected, but
wisely leaves his reader to guess fro whence. Whilst Dr. Gilpin held
Gr. he was his Servt. (& as I have been told, in no very high Station)
'tis true, he gather'd a Congregation at Penruddock in ye Parish of
Gr. wch He kept up till his Death (wch happend abt 3 or 4 years
ago) So yt I think we may make a fair queeri fro whence he was
ejected.
My Lord
These are ye best Memrdums I can get concerning things wch
happend soe long since, & in a Country to wch yr Ldship knows I
was born a Stranger, if they are not put into ye method they shd in
order to an Answer to Queeries, if yor Ldship pleases to give me
directions I shall do my best to observe them, being
My Ld.
Yr Lordship's
In all Duty
Tho : Gibbon.
Graystock, June 30, 1707.
This letter was sent to the Bishop, who pens the following
on one side : —
Neither Mr. Morland nor any of the other five mentiond in these
papers, had either a Fifth (or any other share) of the profits of their
Benefices ; dureing their Sequestration. Mr. West was the onely
Surviveing Member of ye Chapter at the Restoration of K. Ch. 2.
I
Great Salkeld 371
This is followed thus : —
Besides the enclosed [Gibbon's letter] (wch is most home on Mr.
Calamy) I had little return'd worth sending fro ye Diocese of Carlile.
The other Clergy-men of note, who lived to be restor'd to yir Liveings
in 1660 were :
1. Lewis West M.A. Prebendary & Vicar of Addingham in Cum-
berland.
2. Bernard Eobinson M.A. Vicar of Torpenhow in Cumberland.
3. Joseph Nicolson M.A. Rector of Plumbland in Cumberland.
4. Will : Curwen M.A. Vicar of Crosby-Eavensworth in Westmer-
land.
5. Arthur Savage M.A. Rector of Brougham in Westmerland.'
To this may be appended the following extract from a
letter dated " Ap. 6, 1706, Hacknes," signed by " Phi,
Sydenham," who was one of Walker's largest corres-
pondents : —
Of Carlile I hav onely Mr. West who survived wm I gav yu an
Acct of before ye Same I suppose yt ye prest Bp. hav giv yu he told
me he cold detect sevl gross mistakes wch I suppose he hav sent yu
unless he is afraid to desplease Cant. & Godolphin. I beleiv his own
ffather was a temporizer Vicar of Plumbtree [Plumbland] in Cumberld
& I am afraid ye son has an itch of it too but yt is not Strang or
unusual wth Scots nay a desease yt reigns & rages too much wth us
God preserve me fro it.2
Dr. Todd's communications are as follow : —
Sir
I am much obliged to you for many favours. I had my Brother's
Letter inclosed by you ; & sent it to Him to Chatham, where he
then was. He is now (as He tells me) for the West Indies again;
And hopes to Return, with better success. If he owe you anything
lett me know : & I will doe what I can ; that you may have what is
due to you.
I see in ye Gazet that you are about printing an Acct of Sufferers
in ye late Rebellion Lett me know, who undertakes the Work -. & if
you have no particular Accounts from the North I shall be ready to
give you the best Information I can. Such a Work, should be as
Compleat as possible, that None Complain of omissions. With my
1. Walker MSS., C. 2, No. 489.
2. Ibid., C. 3, No. 107.
372 The Ejected of 1662
Service to Mrs. Clavell ; and your son Tully & all friends. I am with
Great Trueth
Your very assured frd [friend] to Serve
Penrith Apr. 1, 1704. you
Hugh Todd.^
Sir
You are pleased to desire of me an Account of the Sufferings of the
Clergy of the Diocese of Carlisle during the time of the great Rebellion
and Usurpation. The Diocese of Carlisle, as it lyes next to Scotland,
so upon the Invasion of the Scots in ye begining of ye Civil Warrs,
it suffer'd extremely in Taxes and Impositions for the Subsistance of
their Army : and the Clergy more then any others. Upon the death
of Barnaby Potter Bp of Carlisle 1641 : The most Reverend Dr.
Jamfes Ussher ABp of Armaugh who had then fled into England upon
acct of the Rebellion & Massacre in Ireland, had the Bprick bestowd
upon Him in Comendam by the King. The Recomendamus bears
Date the 16th of Febr. Regn 17 (1642) By Vertue of it, He Comis-
sions Isaac Singleton Archdeacon & Chancellor Lane Dawes D.D.
and the rest of the Prebendaries of Carlisle & Others, to grant
Institutions and Exercise Episcopal Juresdiction in his absence. The
Sufferings of that Great Prelate, are well known ; but whether they
were any way alleviated by any Revenues from Carlisle is somewhat
uncertain for the Confusions came on so fast, that the Stewards and
Agents whom He employ'd were either unable to gett up wt might
be due to ye Bprick, or what they did receive, was not paid to Him,
as it ought to have been. When the Rebells had got Power, all
Arrears and growing Rents, were collected for their Use, by one
Barker their Agent, who destroy'd the Woods, pillaged the Castle of
Rose, the Bps Residence, and carry 'd off many of the Stones to
build his own House & barns. He did not live long after the
Restoracon ; and now his son and Posterity are gone, & The Houses
& Land sold. About ye year 1645, One Mr. Lowther, who had been
Constable of ye Castle of Rose, got some Provisions and Arms and
about 20 or 30 of the Tenants into ye Castle, and thought to have kept
it for the right Power. This attempt soon allarmed some of Coll
Heveninghams Regiment, who then lay in ye County, who imediately
came & beat out ye poor Garreson & sett fire to ye Place, wch burnt
down the best & greatest part of it, wch remains unrepaird to this
day. Heveningham, Sykes & some other officers of the Rebeil Army
had the woods. Lands, & Revenues both of ye Bp. & Dean & chapter,
for their Debentures ; who sold them at easy Rates to gentm and
Others of ye County, who were of their Interest. In the begining
of ye Civil Warrs Thomas Comber D.D. and Master of Trinity Coll.
Cambr was Dean of Carlisle. He was promoted to that character
by K. C. 1, reg. 5. He seldom came at Carlisle so nothing is known
1. Walker MSS., C. 1, fol. 33.
Great Salkeld i^y^
particularly of Him or his Sufferings in that Place. He was a very
Learned man, & a great Sufferer ; being Ejected out of his Deanery
and all other his Prefermts. He dy'd about ye Time of ye Resteraon.
The Canons or Prebendaries of Carlisle A.D. 1641 were Lancelot
Dawes D.D. Lewes West M.A. Richard Smith B.D.' & Frederick
Tonstall A.M. four being their Number. They were All men of
Marck and Learning and All suffer'd togeather in the Cause of the
King and Church. In ye year, 1643, upon the Death of Mr. Smith
Mr. Henry Hutton, a very Learned and Reverend Person, son to the
Eminent Judge Hutton and R«ctor of Long Marton, in ye Diocese,
was Collated to ye 4th Prebend, by the ArchBp., but the Confusions
of the Times, were so great, that he never enjoy'd any Benefit by
the Promotion ; nor did he live till the Reestablishmt of the Church.
The City of Carlisle, with ye Walls of wch the Cathedral Church
stands tho separated from ye Town by an Inclosure, in ye year 1644
& 1645 endur'd a Seige and Blockade of 16 or 18 months, and, was
One of the last Garrisons that surrender'd to the Rebell Party Upon
Articles of Surrendry to David Lesley Lieutennt Genii of the Scotch
Cavalry, the Fairish & Windows of the Cathedral, were to be
preserv'd entire and ye Members of the College then Resident were
to remain unmolested. But shortly after, other Soldiers being sent to
Garrison the Fort, and the King's Interest declining all manner of
Sacrilegious violence was Comitted. The Books, Records, and Muni-
ments of the Cathedral were burnt, torn, dispersed or embessel'd (?).
The Chapter Hou.se wch was a very elegant Building, the Houses of
ye Canons & ^Minor-Canons ; the Dormitory, the Cloisters and
almost the whole Fairish of the College, was demolishd, and the
Stones, Timber and Lead converted to the private use of those, who
had Usurped the Place & Power of their Lawfull Superiors. And
wch was the greatest Violance of all, the .prevailing Rebells, order'd
the Soldiers to pull down the Porch, wch was very magnificent, and
the Body, of the Parochiall Church of St. Maries, wch joins to the
Cathedrall and to blow up the Pillars with Gunpowder : And em-
ploy'd the Materials to build a Main Guard in ye Market Place, and
three Guard Chambers, at the three Gates of the City, wch remain
to this day, both a Blemish to ye Cathedral, and a Reflexion on ye
. Piety of better Times. About ye year 1657 the Cathedral growing
ruinous by ye neglect of its Reparacons ; a Contract was made by ye
Usurpers for the Sale of the Lead and Materials; and Soldiers were
order'd to pull it down. They were got upon the Roof, and had
certainly executed their Comands, had not the then :Mayor of the
1. Under date April 20, 1642, Doctor Dawes and "]Mr. Richard
Smyth" are given as "Divines fit to be consulted in relation to Church
matters" in Cumberland (C. J., vol. ii, p. 535).
374 The Ejected of 1662
City Mr. Tullie prevaild with ye Comandant, to stay the Execution
of his Orders till he might heare from ye Governmt wt their Inten-
tions were. In the mean time Cromwell sickens & dyes ; and ye
Cathedral stands, as a Monument of that fortunate Period.
The Sufferings of the Parochial Clergy of ye Diocess of Carlisle,
were as great, considering the paucity of their numbers, and the
meanness of their Prefermts as of any Diocess in ye Kingdom. Their
Persecutors had several Comittees composed chiefly of Tradesmen and
Inferior Persons. These were Ambulatory, and remov'd from Place
to place as they saw occasion ; the Chief Residence was at New
Castle upon Tine. Some of their Ministers were mix'd with these
Comittee-men ; but alwaies of a lesser number then their Justices of
Peace and Tradesmen. The Episcopal Clergy, when they were con-
ven'd before these Judges to answer for themselves & their Doctrines
could not but observe, that the Men of Trade, who were got upon ye
Bench, such as Caister Studholme Langhorn &c were alwaies most
busy, and asked them the most Questions whereas some gentlemen
who were misledd into their Interests ; and some Military Officers
who had more breeding & generosity treated them with Civility &
Respect and were ready on all occasions to doe them all ye good
offices they could or durst doe.
The Questions they asked them were, generally about ye Justice
of their own Proceedings, the Divine Right of their Church Governmt ;
about Grace and Election &c. And to one who was willing to submit
his gifts to their Tryall, they gave a Text out of ye 7th to ye Rom.
I find amongst the Papers of one who was a Sufferer [Mr. Thomas
Todd Rector of Hutton my Father] in those Times that when he was
convend before the Comittee he was ask'd by a Shop Keeper one of
his Judges, who was the best Interpreter of Scripture. And when
he had given a good & proper answer to such a wild Question the
next Interrogation was, Do you ever use the Lord's Prayr. And in
a short time He was Ejected out of his Living, and One Jackson, a
bawling. Illiterate Man put in his Place, who held it and another
Parish, during the whole time of the Usurpation. When this Person
and Others of the same Judgmt were sent for under Custody to
Carlisle and there kept as Prisoners for some time, all that was laid
to their charge was that they Baptiz'd Children, Visited ye Sick, and
sometimes preach 'd privately, to their Parishoners & Others. They
were very Inquisitive into ye Lives & Convsacons of the Regular
Clergy, and if they could find the least fault there, they proclaim'd
it with all possible aggravations, and declar'd them to be Ejected as
Scandalous Ministers, One was Ejected avowedly for hunting and
going to a Publick House : Another's Crime was that he worked in
his Garden on ye Sabbath day in ye Evening ; and to another waa
imputed the Errors of his Servants, wch he could not prevent.
Great Salkeld 375
The most Opulent Liveing in ye Diocess is the Rectory or Collegiate
Church of Graystock, Mr. Willm Morland A.M. who had been
Presented to it, by Thomas Earl of Arundel was ejected out of it ;
& the Tiths & Glebe lett to Farmers : and one Mr. Rich Gilpin, who
(as I have heard) was bred a Queristier at Durham, and afterwards
was Usher or Master of the Free School there, and who following
the Interests of the prevailing Party at Durham and those Parts ;
was appointed to supply the Place and take Possession of ye Par-
sonage house and Revenues. This Mr. Gilpin was a Leading Man
of the Party. He comonly Presided as Moderator in Private Assem-
blies ; Printed a Sermon, wch he preach'd at Keswick with a Creed
or Confession of their Faith, wch was Licensed by Mr. Tim. Tullie,
who was Moderator pro tempore ; and Published some Discourses or
Sermons wch he had Preach'd at Greystock upon Gal. 3, 1 and was
deservedly esteem'd a Person of the best Learning and most Modera-
tion of any of the Presbyterian Party in these Parts. After the
Restoration of Episcopacy 1660 He practised Physick & took Degree
in that Faculty at Leyden and tho' he came in to ye Measures of
King James 1686 and Addressd that Prince from the Liberty of
Conscience wch he graunted and kept a Meeting house at New Castle
yet he was so well satesfy'd with ye Conduct of ye Episcopall Clergy
during that Reign that he frequently came to Comon Prayer & desir'd
at his death (as I have been told) that he n~ight be bury'd According
to the Order & Rites of the Establi-shed Church.
Mr. Frederick Tonstall a Person of Quality and Learning was
Ejected out of ye Rectory of Caldbeck ; and a farr less deserving
person putt in his Place, Mr. John Haisty lost his Vicaridge of
Penreth & one Baldwin a stranger, had it from ye Comittee. Mr.
Leonard Milburn Son to ye Bp. of Carlisle of yt Name was depriv'd
of the Rectory of Skelton ; Mr. Arthur Savage of the Rectory of St.
Ninians ; Mr. Thomas Todd of ye Rectory of Hutton and Mr. Lewes
West of the Vicaridge of Adingham. And not to insist upon
Particulars All the clergy of the Diocess were Ejected except a very
few : and in their Persons & Families exposed to all the miseries and
Calamities in ye World. Their Revenues and Glebes were sett to
Farme by Persons Employ'd for that purpose ; and the Money that
arose from them, was paid in by the Farmers to the Comittee, who
destributed it amongst their Itinerant Ministers & Preachers, as they
thought fitt. For tho they Ejected the Episcopal Clergy and so left
many Cures vacant, they did not care to supply them, nor could they
doe it presently with particular Incumbents ; But they entertain'd
certain Publick Preachers, New Lights as ye People called them,
Some of whom they had out of the Southern Parts, as Larkham
Polewheal, Madder &c. whom they Commission'd to gee about ye
Country, and to sow the seeds of Schism and Sedition in all parts.
376 The Ejected of 1662
At, and about Carlisle some of the Military Independent Ofl&cers
frequently saved them of the Trouble, and in their Buff-Coats &
Armour talked to ye people, what they thought fitt. In Gelsland
and the Parts that lye next to Northumberland Mr. Hickeringill, the
new turbulent Man at Colche.«ter,' Mr. Rowland Nichols then Rector
of Aikton and the late Lord Eskridge of famous memory, exercised
their Parts. All men of much more Witt and Ingenuity then solidity
and serious Religion, who were brought into these Parts, by a Person
of Honour, who had, in some measure, embraced the prevailing
Interest of these Times.
The People generally had no great likeing to these New Guides.
They thought them Usurpers and Intruders into other Men's Rights.
And upon all Opportunity were glad to hear Sermons and Instruc-
tions from their Regular and Lawfull Pastors. Those who were most
zealous in the New way & who attended their Sermons & Repititions
with most Devotion, very many of them being Quakers & Enthusiasts ;
and George Fox, who was born in the Diocess2 and was One of the
Inventors of Quakerism, had a plentifull Harvest of Converts in these
Times (as he tells ye world in his Life & Sufferings) the ill Conse-
quences of wch are much to be deplored at this day.
Amongst the Presbyterian & Independent Teachers those who
comply'd & Conform'd at ye Restoration were observ'd to be of no
greate or more laudable Attainments then those that had been Ejected
to make room for some of them. They were remarkably peevish and
Contentious, Some of them of a loose & Careless Conversation and
what was a very ill Consequence of their Complyance, notwithstanding
all the Care of their Superiors, and their own Solemn Promises &
Obligations to observe the Canons & Rules of ye Liturgy they
advancd but to a Lame & partial Conformity, and in a manner made
their Churches they were legally Inducted into as Irregular & dis-
orderly as their Meetings & Conventicles had been. The Regular
Clergy who suffer'd, tho they were reduc'd to their greatest streeghts
both in their Persons & Families yet, they had the Comforts not only
of a good Conscience but likewise the Assistance & Support of Sevll
Persons of Quality and Condition, who were ready upon all occasions
to doe them good. These were the Loyall & Episcopall Nobility &
Gentry ; who tho they were Sequester'd & confin'd themselves yet
1. He was for some time a Captain in Major-General Fleetwood's
forces and subsequently was Vicar of St. Peter's, Colchester, for a
short time, and Rector of All Saints in the same place for 46 years.
A couple of letters, which reveal the oddness of the man, appear in
Thoresby's Letters (vol. i, p. 447 : vol. ii, p. 8 ; vide also Diaries, vol. i,
p. 250).
2. A curious blunder, vide p. 118.
Great Salkeld I'j'j
found means to relieve & Support their Suffering Clergy. Amongst
those the most considerable were the Et Honble the Countess of
Pembroke Sir Philip Musgrave Baronet Sir John Lowther, Sir Rich.
Grahme & many others.
To enter into ye Detail of ye Sufferings of all the Clergy, would be
endless. To represent to you how they were robb'd plunder'd,
abused, Imprison'd ; How the bread was taken out of their Children's
Mouths by Merciless Sequestrators ; How Soldiers were order'd to
Quarter upon them ; How their Children & Family were exposed to
the wide World ; and how some of them hardly escaped with Life,
from the fury & malice of their Enemies. Imagine all ye barbarous
and Sacrilegious fury that you can think of insulting over the greatest
Piety & Inocence ; a Company of Wolves lett loose upon a Flock of
poor harmless sheep ; or the Scotch Presbyterian Rabble doing all
manner of Violence as they lately did to ye Episcopal & Regular
Clergy and you may have some sort of an Idea of their Sufferings.
June 1, 1704.
Your most humble Servant.
I perceive your Author is One Mr. Walker of Exeter : by a general
Letter that came to Carlisle, to wch Mr. Tullie gave a short Answer
some particulars whereof he had from me. He may take out of this
Account wt may be necessary to his Design, & if he want any
further Information in any thing I shall be ready to give it him.
You will write to your Friends, in other Diocesses, particularly
Durham & York, who may furnish you with more considerable
Materials. I hope to see you in a few ^Months.
To Mr. Robert Clavell Bookseller at the Peacock in
St. Paul's Churchyard
London. '
In a shorter communication addressed :
" To the Eeverend Mr. John Walker, Rector of
St. Mary's in the City of Exeter,
Exon.
Per London Males,"
Dr. Todd duplicates this somewhat, but the document is
too interesting to be omitted : —
Sir
I reed a Letter from you, sometime since enclosed in One from
Mr. Dean of Carlisle, I had waited on you with an Answer to it
sooner had not some extraordinary Business diverted me.
The Diocese of Carlisle lying next to Scotland suffer'd more in the
Begining of the Rebellion, by the Incursions of the Scots, and their
1. Walker MSS., C. 1, No. 33.
378 The Ejected of 1662
Quartering in these Northern Parts, then any other Diocese of
England. Upon Dr. Potter's death 1641 (who dy'd at London)
ArchBp. Usher had a Comendamus for the Bishopk. of Carlisle from
C. I. dated Febr. 16 1642. What the Sufferings of that great Prelat
were you may have an account of His Life writ by Dr. Brenard.
The Deane of the Cathedral was then Thomas Comber D.D. and
Master of Trinity Coll. Camb. afterwards Ejected : a most Learned
and worthy Person. The Canons (or Prebendaries wch are 4 in
number, were these Lancelot Dawes D.D. Vicar of Barton & Rector
of Asby, Rich. Smith S.T.B. Lewis West A.M. and Frederick
Tonstall A.M. Isaac Singleton A.M. was Arch Deacon & Chancellor.
Upon Mr. Smith's death Henry Hutton A.M. Son to Judge Hutton
Rector of Marton was Collated by ArchBp. Usher to the 4th Prebend.
In the year 1646 All these Learned Persons were Ejected out of their
Livings & Dignities ; except Dr. Dawes who kept his Liveings by
complying [' mind that '] ^ to the Times.
The Parochiall Clergy generally ['mind that also'] were deprived upon
one pretence or other. The great Reason was their Refusal to comply
with the Usurpation and the Terms of it. To one, was objected, his
using to Hunt sometimes, to Another his Walking in his Garden on
ye Sabboth Day & to Several their using the Lord's Prayer. Mr.
Willm Morland was Ejected from ye Great Living of Graystock ; &
One Mr. Bernards Gilpin (who had been educated in the Cathedral
of Durham, & a great Stickler in those Times) was put into his place.
Mr. Thomas Todd Rector of Hutton (INIy Father) was deprivd for his
adherence to the Royall Cause. For the same reason Mr. Milburn,
Canon of St. Davids, and Rector of Skelton Son to ye Bp Milburn
lost his Prefermt. In short All the Clergy of the Diocese about 100
in Number, were ejected out of their Liveings & inferiour, illiterate,
bold rude Persons were violently put into their Places. Some of the
Country, as Mr. Tullie, & Mr. Nicholson Fathers to the present
Bp & Chancellor & some out of the West of England as Larkham
Madder, Pollwheal &c Dr. Stubbs, Hickringill Ld. Howard of
Eskrigg Mr. Nichols (afterwards Chanc. of Carlisle) and Others
exercised their pretended gifts in the Independent & Anabaptistical
way in some Parts of ye Diocess.
Not many of Ihe Loyall & Episcopal Clergy surviv'd the Calamities
of the Rebellion. Those of the Presbyterian Interest, who comply'd
at the Restoration, prov'd but halfe Conformists ; and thereby did
great Injury to ye Discipline & Order of the Church.
If you please to impart any more particular intimations of your
Intentions for ye Publick Good in ye Work you are upon : I shall
1. These interpolations are Walker's.
2. Another of Todd's blunders, and his opinion of Gilpin here is much
less favourable than the other.
Great Salkeld 379
endeavour to give you the best Satisfaction I am able. I look upon
your Design to be very laudable ; & wch may have a happy Influence
upon the Discipline of our Church; & 'tis particularly recomended
to me (with its author) by my excellent Friend Mr. Dean of Carlisle :
all wch arguments prevail with me to serve you to the utmost of
my abilities. I heartily wish you all good Success & remain with all
possible respect
Sr
Penrith July 6 Your most affectionate
1706 Friend & Brother
Hugh Todd.
If I remember right I gave some
acct of these matters formerly to
Mr. Clavell, your Bookseller at
London, upon a Request as from
your Selfe.^
Sir
I reed yours of the 15th of the last Month wch came thro Mr.
Clavell's hands.
As to ye Contents of it. In the Cathedral Church of Carlisle there
is no Chancellour, No Treasurer, No Chanter as Dignitaries, as in
some other Cathedrals. The Number of Minor Canons is eight. All
wch were ejected in the late great Rebellion : what their names were
I can not (now) positively tell you.
What you may receive from another hand, as to ye Person you
are pleased to enquire after, I doe not question the Trueth of it : Nor
would I press such Historical Accounts too close at the heeles. This
I think is certain — that the Person [Walker adds "father of Bp.
Nicolson "] comply'd to ye Triers, supply'd the Liveing of Sannix
out of wch Mr. Preistman was ejected, was one who purchased the
Lands of Dean & Chr and who was Re-ordained by Bp Stern at ye
Restoration ; and who after he had a Liveing was more of a Dissenter,
then a Conformist.
I wish you success in your Undertaking and remain, with great
trueth Sir
Your most assur'd friend & Brother
Hugh Todd.
Penrith
Novr 7, 1706.==
It is interesting to note how silent Nicolson is about
the true part played by his father during the Common-
1. Walker MSS., C. 3, No. 121
2. Ibid., C. 3, No. 210.
38o The Ejected of 1662
wealth period. Todd's reserve and self restraint also are
remarkable, and somewhat to his credit, in view of the
strained relations, which so often existed, between the
Bishop and himself. Walker clearly had his scruples ;
hence his letter to Todd, who, in reply, does not even
mention Nicolson by name, and suggestively adds that
he would not " press such Historical Accounts too close at
the heeles." In his account also of Joseph Nicolson,
Walker says that he is " obliged to mention him, because
he was actually turned out of the Plumbland living,"
though he afterwards " got a Better Living, viz., that of
Sannix." ^ All three, however, conspired to perpetuate
the fiction of Joseph Nicolson's sufferings. The whole
of the correspondence does not tend to increase our
confidence in the three men as historical witnesses in
relation to these matters. Walker's book was intended
to be a reply to Calamy's, which had greatly excited the
indignation of many of the Clergy; and the idea was to
get anything which, as x^icolson puts it, would " be very
home upon Mr. Calamy." It was human, and the
correspondence shows how good and able men under the
influence of this spirit have laid themselves open to the
charge of serious exaggeration and suppressio veri.
Bishop Nicolson was a most active and pushful Prelate.
That he resolved upon his position being no sinecure is
made abundantly clear by his Diaries and Visitation
notes. He got at variance with his Dean, Dr. Atterbury,
and the controversy between them was both extended and
bitter. In Dr. Todd also, he found a thorn in the flesh.
Both strong personalities and able, the relations between
them were greatly strained ; and eventually tlie Bishop
excommunicated his recalcitrant subordinate. His
Diaries abound in references to his differences with
Atterbury and Todd, and it is impossible to read them
without feeling that his masterfulness was largely
responsible for them. Under date March 20, 1707/8,
while he was in London, he thus writes in his Diary : —
1. Walker, pt. ii, p. 316.
I
Great Salkeld 381
At dinner wth Sr. James Montague; in whose presence and Coll :
Grahme's (as attested under yir hands) Dr. Todd declar'd, That he
would behave himself dutifully and respectively to ye Bp of Carlile,
according as ye Canons of ye Church, ye local Statutes of ye Cathe-
dral and ye Laws of the Land do require; and with all Readyness
do every thing yt can be expected by a Bp from a Dutiful Son. And
in Return ye Bp likewise declar'd, That he would treat Dr. Todd with
all ye paternal Affection that can be expected from a Bp to one of
the members of his Church ; And that he will forget and forgive all
that has been hitherto taken amiss. Amen, Amen.'
Outwardly the truce appears to have been kept, but the
relations between them were never cordial.
In addition to his letters to Thoresby, John Nichols
published in two volumes letters from 1683 to 1727;
another series is in the Add. MSS. of the Brit. Museum^
6116; and a still further series, which appears to have
escaped the attention of all writers, will be found in the
Rawlinson MSS. of the Bodleian Library.
In 1718 Bishop Nicolson resigned, and became Bishop
of Derry; on the 9th of February, 1726-7, he was
translated to the Archbishopric of Cashel, but he died on
the 14th, before his enthronement, and was buried in the
Cathedral Church of Londonderry. 2
His Will, dated March 30, 1725, was proved at Carlisle
Nov. 23, 1727. It names as children, Joseph, " Chancelor
of the Cathedral Church at Lincoln," joint author with
Dr. Burn of the " History of Cumberland and Westmor-
land " ; John, Rector of Donaghmore ; Mary, " the now
wife of Dr. Thomas Benson " ; Elizabeth, whose married
name was Mauleverer; Anne, " wife of Alderman Joseph
Bolton"; and Catherine, evidently unmarried. His
sisters also, Mrs. Grace Nevinson and Mrs. Elizabeth
Carlile, were beneficiaries under the Will.^
Joseph Eisher, M.A., 1702—1705.
He was collated July 9, 1702, and held the living at
Brough in addition where he continued to reside.*
1. Trans. (N. S.), vol. iv, p. 27.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 296 ; Al. Ox. ; Loftie's Great Salkeld,
&€., p. 73.
3. Trans. (O.S.), vol. iv.
4. Vide p. 1122.
382
The Ejected of 1662
George Fleming, M.A., LL.D., 1705 — 1734.
He was the son of Sir Daniel Fleming of Rydal Hall,
and received his early education at Sedbergh School,
whence he proceeded to St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, where
he matriculated July 14, 1688, at the age of 18. He took
his B.A. in 1692, M.A. March 7, 1694-5, and LL.D.
(Lambeth) Feb. 22, 1726-7. Among the Rydal MSS. are
several interesting letters which passed between father and
son during his University career, in which the careful
parent sought to restrain the lavish expenditure of the
son. He was at Aspatria in 1695 ; became Canon of Carlisle
in 1701; held the livings of Stanwix and Kirkland in
1703 ; was Rector of Great Salkeld and Archdeacon of
Carlisle in 1705 ; Rector of Ousby in 1719 ; Dean of Carlisle
in 1727 ; Rector of Grasmere in 1728 ; and Bishop of
Carlisle in 1734. Evidently he was a very considerable
Pluralist, having the livings of Great Salkeld, Ousby and
Grasmere at the same time.^ Mr. Loftie says that he
had his " chief residence " at Great Salkeld, and that
several of his children were born there. In 1736 he
succeeded to the Baronetcy, and died, July 2, 1747. He
was buried in" the Cathedral and a marble monument there
perpetuates his memory and extols his virtues.^
1. Vide pp. 198, &c.
2. Al. Ox. J Sedbergh School Reg., p. 101; Great Salkeld, &c., p. 124.
Til. MELMERBY.
Melmerby lies a few miles north of Oiisby, and on the
main road leading over the hills from Langwathby to
Alston. The Church is dedicated to St. John the Baptist;
and there are no E/egisters going beyond the 18th Century.
The following is a list of Incumbents : —
George Threlkeld, 1572.
He was the nephew of Roland Threlkeld, sometime
Rector of Melmerby, Yicar of Lazonby, Rector of Dufton,
and founder of the Ivirkoswald College, who died in 1565.
George Threlkeld was the son of Christopher Threlkeld of
Melmerby, whose Will, dated 1569, contains the follow-
ing ; " I give George Threlkelde my myddell sonne ye
advowson of ye churche of Melmebie & he to be wth ye
grace of God pson of ye same." The " Supvysors " of the
Will were " Sir Lancelot Wallas, clerke," " Sir John
Austen, Clerke." Witnesses, " Sir John Benson, Clerke"
and " Sir Edward Nicholson, Clerke." ^
George Threlkeld compounded for the Eirst Emits of
Melmerby in 1573.
George Warwick, M.A., 1609.
He was instituted Eebruary 20th, 1609, on a Presenta-
tion by Humphrey Threlkeld, and whether he was George
Threlkeld's immediate successor is not clear. The reader
is referred to the account of Great Salkeld for additional
information respecting him.^
Lancelot Huttox, M.A., 1621.
This is quite a new name supplied by the Institution
Books. He was instituted June 15th, 1621. Eoster has
the following respecting him : " Of Cumberland, eq. aur.
fil. Queen's Coll. matric. 30 June 1615, aged 17; B.A.
1. The Threlkelds of Melmerby, &c., by W. Jackson, F.S.A. Trans.
(O.S.), vol. X, p. 32.
2. Vide p. 359.
384 The Ejected of 1662
20 April, 1618, incorporated at Cambridge 1620; M.A.
from Oriel Coll. 3 April 1622, rector of Melmerby,
Cumberland, 1621." ^ How long lie remained is not
known. Nicholson and Burn's list is very defective,
passing from the Institution of George Warwick in 1Q09
to the death of Richard Singleton in 1684,^ and Jefferson
merely copies.^
Richard Singleton, 1654.
He was the son of Isaac Singleton, of Great Salkeld,
and matriculated at Balliol College, Oxford, December
12th, 1634, being then 18 years of age. Foster says
" perhaps rector of Melmerby, Cumberland, 1661." * The
conjecture as to his being at Melmerby is correct, but the
date needs to be put back at least seven years. He was
here in 1654, when he signed the Certificate of Pearse
Burton at Morland.s
William Hopkins, 1660.
He was here in 1656 when he compounded for his First
Fruits. Calamy gives him as one of his Ejected Ministers,
In his account of George Nicholson, he says that William
Hopkins had " gathered a Church at Mellerby," which he
resigned into George Nicholson's hands. That, however,
may not mean that William Hopkins resigned the Mel-
merby living, but merely that the Congregational Church
which he had gathered whilst holding the living, and
which formed part of the Kirkoswald gathered Church,
was handed over to George Nicholson. Foster has quite a
number of persons of this name among his Oxford Alumni,
and it is almost certain that one or other was a connection.
Beyond this, however, no information is forthcoming. In
Calamy he is merely a name.e
Richard Singleton, 1660 — 1684.
He compounded for his First Fruits here in 1660. The
1. Al. Ox.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 442.
3. Hist, of Leath Ward, p. 311.
4. Al. Ox
5. Vide p. 1181.
6. Calamy, vol. ii, pp. 159, 160,
Melmerby 385
conjecture is hazarded that Richard Singleton suffered
some sort of Sequestration, though it is not easy to see
why, especially in view of the fact that his was a Common-
wealth appointment, and that he appears to have regularly
cooperated with other Commonwealth Ministers. That
William Hopkins, however, held the living some four or
five years is certain, and Singleton's displacement during
that period appears highly probable. He returned with
the Restoration; and to make his position secure sought
and obtained a new Institution. This took place on Sept.
28, 1661, on the Presentation of " Lancelot Threlkeld Ar."
Richard Singleton wrote an account of the Melmerby
Church which is now among the Machell MSS. in the
Dean and Chapter Library, Carlisle. It has been largely
used by Jefferson in his " History of Leath Ward " ; but it
is of little value for our purpose, as it deals mainly with the
early history. He died in 1684 / 5 . The Transcripts give the
following : "Richard Singleton buried Jan. ye 30 1684/5.''
Nicolson in his Diary under date January 28th, 1684-5,
says : —
Went to see old Mr. Singleton a dying. ^
Richard Singleton's son, Zachariah, was a graduate of
Queen's College, Oxford. ^
William Thkelkeld, M.A., 1684—1701.
He was an Edinburgh graduate, taking his degree in
1669, and was ordained Priest September 15th, 1674. He
was instituted February 17th, 1684, on the Presentation
of Rich. Hutton; and another Institution on a different
Presentation is dated August 7th, 1685. He married
Anne, a distant relation, daughter and coheiress of
Lancelot Threlkeld. The following Presentments in his
time appear in the Transcripts : ■ —
1689. Wee psent George Green, Robert Sander and Jane his wife,
Edward Sander, Robert Nicholson and Mary his wife, Thomas
Maughan and Anne his wife as fannaticks.
Wee psent Richard Smith Junr. Anthony Cragg Wm Jameson Junr
for refuseing to pay the Clerk's dues.
1. Trans. (N.S.), vol. i, p. 24.
2. Al. Ox.
386
The Ejected of 1662
The late Wm. Jackson, in his account of the Threlkelds
of Melmerby, referring to him as " Lord William Threl-
keld," says that he " probably died at this time [1701],
but I can find no record of his burial in the Melmerby
Registers. " The Transcripts, however, give the follow-
ing : — " Mr. William Threlkelt Eektar of Melmerby died
July 3." No year is given but it was about 1701.
William Lindsey, M.A., 1701—1739.
He was instituted October 20th, 1701, on the Presenta-
tion of Tho. Patteson gent, and signs the Transcripts as
Rector in 1705. It appears he had as Curate, Thomas
Gascoigne, who signs the Transcripts as such, in 1708.
The Addingham Registers give the following: —
The Baptisms of Joseph the son of Mr. Linslie Rector of Melmerbye
Dec. ye 28 day 1721.
Bishop Nicolson, in 1704, says : —
The Pulpit, Reading-Desk, Font, Books, Vestments and Ornaments
on the Walls, are well enough. Some of the Sentences were drawn
in the late Incumbent's time : as appears by this JSiote, in the same
Letter with the rest, W. Threlkeld Mr. of Arts Rector of Melmerby,
1685. The present Rector, Mr. Lindsay, was gone into Yorkshire ; so
that I could not see the Register Book : But I was much pleas'd to
observe the laudable Alterations that he had made in the Parsonage-
House ; which was wholly neglected by his predecessor, who (being
as well Lord as Parson) alwaies resided at the Hall.'
Referring to a visit from him on Monday, April 9th,
1706, Nicolson says that Lindsey was " uneasy in the want
of his Dues, but will not sue." ^
William Lindsey ceded in 1739.
1. Miscel., p. 121.
2. Trans. (N. S.), vol. iii, p. 3.
VIII. OTJSBY.
In older documents " Ulnesby " and " Ulvesby." It
lies in the Eden Valley, and is about five miles east of
Langwathby. The Church is dedicated to St. Luke ; and
the earliest Register Book, a small, parchment volume,
in which the writing is good and entries are clear, begins
in 1663. The following appears in the Book: —
A True Kegister of the Chrestenings Weddings and Burials within
the parish of Ousby, Begining at The Yeare of our Lord God 1663.
It contains, with a few breaks : —
Baptisms 1663—1723.
Weddings 1664—1726.
Burials 1663—1726.
The second volume, also parchment, is thin and flat, with
christenings, weddings, and burials all mixed together
from 1726-7 to 1812. The following is a list of
Incumbents : —
Hugh Eayson, 1583—1611.
He was instituted on a Presentation by " Barnabas
Sewell of Caldbeck, yeoman, who (with others) had
procured this avoidance from Bishop Barnes." ^ He died
in 1611.
The Hegisters contain the following : —
1679 Mr. John Rayson was buried the 28th day of ffebruary.
Whether he was a descendant of Hugh E-ayson does not
appear.
Nicholas Deane, M.A., 1611.
He was instituted December 9, 1611, and for further
information respecting him the reader is referred to Great
Salkeld, etc. 2
Leonard aiilburn, M.A., 1622 .
He was collated on April 24th, 1622, by his father,
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 437.
2. Vide pp. 359, 638, 1123.
388 The Ejected of 1662
Bishop Milburn, and on the 18th of February following
was also instituted to the living at Skelton.^ A contri-
butor to the Carlisle garrison, in 1644, he is then repre-
sented as holding the two livings of Ousby and Skelton.
During the Commonwealth regime he was compelled to
relinquish one of them, and he elected to keep Ousby. He
appears to have been left undisturbed during subsequent
changes and got back his Skelton living at the Restoration.
His burial entry in the Ousby Eegisters reads thus : —
1672, Mr. Leonard Milburn, Rector of Ousbie was Buried the 8th
day of July.
An old silver Chalice in the possession of the present
Rector, has upon it the following inscription : —
Ex dono dmi Leonardi Milburni Rectoris hujus ecclesiae parochiali
de Ullnesbie alias Ousbie per spatium 50 annorum.
The following fragment of a document would seem to
contradict the position above assumed; but the evidence
is not decisive. In the first place it is a fragment only,
and on that account its value is greatly impaired. In
the second place Leonard Milburn makes no reference to
Ousby in his Petition for restitution to the Skelton living ;
and no separate Petition for Ousby has been discovered.
Lastly the Ousby appointment as given in the document
is of a considerably later date than the Skelton one;
consequently Leonard Milburn must have held Ousby
several years after he relinquished Skelton. On the whole,
therefore, it would appear that the MS. represents no
more than an intention, even if so much, and that Leonard
Milburn remained undisturbed at Ousby until his death.
The MS. in question reads thus : —
Ullesby-als Know all men by these psents that the 20th Pres.
Owesby day of November in the yeare One thousand lO Nov. |
Alex Cluny six hundred ffifty and five There was 1655.
. exhibited to ye Comissionrs for approbation of
Alex Cluny publique preachers A presentation of
cert, as aforsd Alexander Cluny, Clerke to ye Rectory of Ullesby
by Otherwise Owesby in the County of Cumberland
made to him by his Highnesse Oliver
1. Vide p. 479.
Ousby 389
Matt Ginson Lord protector of the Comon Wealth of England
Jno. Clotworthy &c the Patron thereof under the great seal
M. Colt of England Together with a testimony in the behalfe
M. Sinder of ye said Alexander Cluny of his holy & good
Conversation Upon perusall & due Consideracon
of the premisses and finding
[MS. breaks oR at this point.]'
There was a Leonard Milburn at Castle Carroek from
1589 to 1635.2 During some part of Milburn's time at
Ousby he had as Curate, Hugh Newton,^ who was ordained
Priest, September 20th, 1668.
Thomas Egbinson, M.A., 1672 — 1719.
He was ordained Deacon, September 20th, 1668, and
Priest, March 17th, 1668-9, being collated to Ousby
by Bishop Rainbow, on August 3rd, 1672, on the death of
Leonard Milburn. The following occur in the Ousby
E-egisters : —
1672, Thomas Robinson the Son of Mr. Thomas Robinson, Rector of
Ousby was baptized the I7th day of October.
1674, Anne Robinson the daughter of Mr. Thomas Robinson Rector
of Ousby was baptized ye 22nd day of October.
1677, Jane Robinson the daughter of Mr. Thomas Robinson Rector
of Ousby was baptized the 29th day of October anno supra.
Among other works, Thomas Robinson was the author
of " Natural History of Cumberland and Westmorland,"
which was considered to have considerable merit in its
day. Bishop Nicolson repeatedly refers to him in his
Diaries. It appears that he tried both literature and
mining, neither venture being prosperous. He fell into
serious financial difficulty and sought refuge for a time
in London. The Bishop speaks about meeting him there
on his way to " ye Audit in expectance of 501i for his
whimsical MS." * He died in 1719, and his burial entry
reads thus : —
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 996.
2. Vide p. 262.
3. Vide p. 453.
4. Trans. (N. S.), vol. iv, p. 54.
390
The Ejected of 1662
1719 Mr. Thomas Robinson Rector of Ousby was Buried the 28th
day of May.l
George Fleming, M.A., D.D., 1719 — 1735.
For an account of him the reader is referred to Great
Salkeld.2 His Curate was Thomas Hobson, whose child,
William, was buried December 13th, 1719. The following
entry also is the first in Yol. II of the Registers : —
William Son of Mr. Thomas Hobson of the Parsonage House,
Curate, was Baptized on the ninth Day of February Anno Dom.
1726-7.
1. Vide Hutchinson, vol. i, p. 224 ; for some further information
respecting him : also Trans. (N. S.), vol. v, p. 243.
2. Vide pp. 198, 382, &c.
IX. KIRKLAND.
This Parish lies about nine miles east of Penrith, and
abuts the lofty range of hills known as Milburn Forest.
The Registers are in a very dilapidated condition. They
consist of loose leaves, the entries of the first book being
for the years 1623 — 1680. The second book begins in
1690. A few odd entries are inserted for the year 1620,
it would seem, by a later hand. The following appears
in the earlier volume : —
This Register booke made the xxv of March Ano dn. 1625 ano
Regni Jacobi by me John Robinson vicar of Kirkland and the
Churchwardens of the same of all baptisms, weddings and burialls.
, Lancelot Atkinson
William Cowlinge John
Brunskill Thomas Birkbecke
Henry Robinson, George
Mires
• Churchwardens.
The following is a list of Incumbents : —
Thomas Aglionby, 1581.
He died in this year.
Anthony Gosling, 1581.
He was collated per lapsum by Bishop Meye.
Christopher Fleming, 1625/6.
This name is supplied by the Registers and is given in
no other published list. The following is the entry : —
1625-6 March Xpofer fleminge the clerk vickar burd.'the xvth day.
John Robinson, 1624—1631.
Probably here in 1624, certainly he was a year later.
The first Register Book was made by him and in it
appears the following :
1626 (?) Henry Robinson the sonne of John Robinson Clearke was
baptized the 2 of May.
John Robinson resigned in 1631. A person of this name
appears at Stanwix in 1616.^
1. Vide p. 189.
392 The Ejected of 1662
Edward Slegg, B.D., 1631.
He was instituted January IGtli, 1631, on a Presentation
by tlie Dean and Chapter. In Nicolson and Burn a
hiatus occurs from this date to 1681, and JefPerson merely
copies .
— SOUTHWICK, 1647.
There is no information about this person beyond what
is contained in the following documents. It would appear
from them that he was sequestered, though Walker does
not mention his name : —
Martii 4th 1646.
Ref. Mr. Southwicke Minister to the Assemblie for the Church of
Kirkland Com. Cumberland.'
Kirkland. Junij 19. 1647.
Upon the humble Peticon of Anthony Wilson It is ordered that Mr.
Southwick who is referred to the Comittee of the Assembly of Divines
for examinacon of Ministers to examine his fitnesse to officiate the
cure of the Church of Kerkland in the Countie of Cumberland doe
Attend the said Assembly according to the sd order of Reference &
p'cure their Certificate to be returned to this Comittee by this day
six weekes In default whereof this Comittee will despose of the said
Liveing to the use of some other godly & orthodox divine.^
Kirkland. Sept. 2. 1647.
Whereas Mr. Southwick minister of the word hath not yett procured
any Certificate from the Comittee of the Assemblie of Divines for
exaiacon of Ministers of his fitness to officiate the Cure of the Church
of Kirkland in the Countie of Cumberland notwithstanding he was
requested by order of the 19th of June last to procure their sd
Certificate by that daye six weeks It is therefore ordered that he be
discharged from the said cure.'
Kirkland. Sept. 2. 1647.
Whereas the viccarage of the pish Church of Kirkland in the
Countie of Cumberland is and standeth sequestred by the Cotee of
pliamt for the sd Countie from Mr. Musgrave for his delinquency It is
ordered that the said viccarage shall from henceforth stand sequestred
to the use of Mr. Willis a godlie & orthodox divine & that he doe
forth wth officiate the Cure of the sd Church as viccar and preach &c.*
1. Bodl. MS., 324.
2. Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15671.
3. Ibid.
4. Ihid.
Kirkland
JVO
John Southaicke or Southaike of Cumberland matricu-
lated at Queen's College, Oxford, November 21st, 1628,
aged 17, but whether this is the same does not appear.^
— Willis, 1647.
There is no information about him beyond what is given
in the document just cited, nor do we know whether
Musgrave is to be considered as holding the living for a
short time.
Oliver Guye, 1649.
This name appears in the Commonwealth Survey for
1649.2 ji is stated that he holds " all that ye Yiccaridge
«S;c worth 3811-06-08." ^
Randolph Croxall, 1654.
The following documents relating to Kirkland and its
Minister are of considerable interest : —
Kirkland. Wednesday Aug. 23. 1654.
Mr. Moore on behalfe of Randall Croxhall Minister [moveth] there
bee 3011."
Kirkland. August 23d. 1654.
Ordered that upon producing to these Trustees a Certificate from ye
Comrs for approbacon of publique Preachers of theire approbacon of
Mr. Eandall Croxhall Ministr of Kirkland in ye County of Cumber-
land The Trustees will annexe to his Vicarage valued upon Survey at
38li a yeare Sixty two poundes a yeare augmentacon out of the profitts
of ye Rectory of Kerkland aforsd now out of Lease.*
Kirkland. November 27th 1654.
Whereas the Impropriate Tithes of Kirkland in the County of
Cumberland parcell of the possions of the [blank] are in possion of the
said Trustees and at thiere desposall It is ordered that the yearely
Sume of ffifty poundes Cleere of taxes be from time to time paid unto
Mr. Randolph Croxhall Minister of Kerkham [Kirkland] aforesaid out
•of the rents and profitts of the said Tithes for increase of his main-
tennce being but [blank] a yeare The sd fiifty poundes a yeare to be
continued and paid unto the said Mr. Croxhall (approved according to
the Ordinance for approbacon of publique Preachers) for such time as
1. The Flemings in Oxford, p. 2, note 3.
2. Vide p. 1299.
3. Lambeth MSS., Surveys, vol. ii.
4. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), lOlO.
5. Ibid., 1017.
394
The Ejected of 1662
he shall descharge the duty of the Ministr of the said place or till
further ordr of the said Trustees And Mr. . . . Receiver is hereby
appointed and authorized to pay the same accordingly.
Jo. Thorowgood Ri. Sydenham Ra. Hall Ri Sydenham E. Hopkins.'
The scribe appears to have blundered considerably in
this entry, and the one which follows, under date Feb.
1, 1654-5, is probably meant to be the correct copy.
Kirkland. ffebruary 1. 1654.
Whereas the Impropriate Tithes of Kirkland in the County of
Cumberland parcell of the possions of the late Deane & Chapter of
Carlisle are in possion of the said Trustees & at theire desposall It is
ordered that the yearely sume of Sixty two poundes be from time to
time paid unto Mr. Randolph Croxhall Ministr of Kerkham (?)
aforesaid out of the rents and profitts of the said Tithes for the
increase of his Maintennce being but Thirty eight poundes a yeare
the said Sixty two poundes a yeare to be continued & paid unto the
said Air. Croxhall (approved according to the Ordinance for appro-
bacon of publique Preachers for such time as he shall descharge the
duty of the Ministr of the said place or till further ordr of the said
Trustees to accounte from the 23rd of August 1654 And Mr. Edmund
Branthwaite Receiver is hereby appointed & authorized to pay the
same unto him from time to time accordingly, And all former orders
made for Graunting any Augment, to the said Mr. Croxhall are
therefore descharged.
Jo. Thorowgood Ra Hall Rich Sydenham Ed Cressett Jo. Pocock. 2
In the Registers appear the following entries respecting
Croxall's family: —
1655, vij day of July Samuell Croxall the sonne of Randolph
Croxall minister of Kirkland was borne.
1656, vi day of July Theopalas Croxall son of Randulf Croxall
Minister of Kirkland was Baptized.
1657-8, iiij day of february Theophlas Croxall sonne of Randulf
Croxall Minister of Kirkland was buried.
1658-9 Dorothy daughter to Mr. Randolph Croxall of Kirkland
Minister and Dorothy his wife was borne the 16th of ffebruary
baptized the 20th.
The following documents relate to certain tithe diffi-
culties in which both he and James Cave of Thornthwaite
were involved : —
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 972.
2. Ihid.
Kirkland 395
Kirkland. May 28. 1655.
Ordered yt ye Solicitor doe pceed at Law agt Thomas Garth Tennt
of ye Tithes of Kirkland in ye County of Cumberland for ye arreares
of rent from him due.^
Kirkland. July 9 1655.
Ordered yt Mr. Thomas Garth Tennt of ye Tithes of Kirkland in ye
County of Cumberland doe shew Cause before these Trustees on
Thursday next wherefore he doth not pay ye arre^ires of rent from'
him due unto ye said Trustees. -
Kirkland & To his Highnes the
Thornthwaite. Lord Protector.
May it please your Highnes
The Appropriate tithes of Kirkland in the County of Cumberland
being leased by us unto Thomas Garth from ye 29th of September
1654 for the terme of three years at the yearly rent of One hundred &
tenne poundes the said Mr. Garth hath by mistake paid into the
Excheqr one halfe yeare rent of the said tithe amounting to the Sume
of ffifty and five pounds by reason whereof there is in arreare unto
Mr. Randolph Croxall minister of Kirkland in the County of
Cumberland aforesaid the sume of thirty & one poundes charged upon
the p'misses & unto Mr. James Cave ^lintr of Thornthwayt in the
said County the sume of tenne poundes tenne Shillings likewise
charged upon the p'misses wch cannot be paid unto them but by yor
Highnes ordr All wch upon the peticon of the said Air. Croxale Wee
humbly Submitt to yor Highnes Consideracon.
Jo. Thorowgood Ra. Hall Rich. Sydenham Jo. Humfrey
Jo. Pococke.
Junij 5th 1656. 3
To the Right Honble
the Lords Comrs of his
Kirkland. Highnes Treasury.
May it please yor Lordpps.
The Appropriate Tythes of Kirkland in the County of Cumberland
parcell of the possessions of the late Deane and Chapter of Carlisle
being leased by us unto Thomas Garth from the 29th. of Septr 1654
for the Tearme of three years at the Yearely rent of one hundred and
ten poundes The said Mr. Garth hath by mistake pd into the
Exchequer one halfe yeares rent of the said Tythes amounting to the
sume of fifty and five poundes by reason whereof there is in Arreare
to Mr. Randolph Croxall Minister of Kirkland in the County of
Cumberland aforesaid the sume of thirty and one pounds charged
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 1008.
2. Ibid.
3. Ihid., 974.
396
The Ejected of 1662
upon the premisses and unto Mr. James Cave Minister of Thornth-
waite in the said Coimty the summe of ten poundes and ten shillings
likewise charged upon these premisses which cannot now be paid imto
them but by yor ordr Therefore at the instance of the said Mr. Cave
and Mr. Croxall Wee advise yor Lordpps to give ordr for there
payment of the said moneys unto the said Ministers or unto Mr.
Lawrence Steele Treasr. to be by Him issued for their use.
July 3. 1656.
Jo. Thorowgood, Jo. Humfrey, Ri.
Cressett. ^
Sydenham John Pococke Edw.
Kirkland. fteb. 26. 1657.
Ordered that the Regr doe deliver the Lease of the tythes of Kirk-
land to Mr. Dalston Tennt thereof upon the Sealing of the Counterpart
and entring into bond with sufficient security to pay the Arreares of
rent due imto these Trustees from Mr. Garth the former tennt
thereof.
Jo. Thorowgood Edw. Cressett, Ri. Sydenham Ra. Hall Jo. Pococke.*
Kirkland
Thornthwayte
&c. Octo. 6. 1658.
Whereas of the arreares of rent referred to these Trustees out of ye
rectory of Kirkland in the County of Cumberland upon a lease thereof
Graunted by these Trustees unto Mr. Thomas Garth the sume of five
and fiftie poundes by him the said Mr. Garth paid by mistake into the
Exchequer is repaid out of the Exchequer to Mr. Lawrence Steele
Trear. whereof there is due unto Mr. James Cave Minister of
Thornthwayte, Newlands & St. Johns in the said County the sume of
ten poundes ten shillings & unto Mr. Randolph Croxhall Minister of
Kirkland aforesaid one and thirty poundes for arreares of the
Augmentacons to them respectively due It is therefore ordered that
Mr. Lawrence Steele Trear. doe forthwith pay unto ye said ilr. Cave
and Mr. Croxall the said Severall sumes And that the Auditor
discharge the said five and, fiftie poundes from the Recrs account upon
the said Mr. Steele his accounting with him for the same.
Jo. Thorowgood, Edw. Cressett, Jo. Himifrey, Ra. Hall Ri. Yong.'
In the passage from Calamy, respecting Daniel
Broadley, reference is made to " one Mr. Croxall " of
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 974.
2. Ibid., 980.
3. Ibid., 995.
Kirkland 397
" Glassenby " who conformed.^ This was Randolph
Croxall, and precisely how he comes to associate him with
Glassonby is not clear. Glassonby is, of course, only a
short distance from Kirkland; but the Chapel of Ease
there was usually connected with Addingham. Calamy'a
statement, however, about Randolph Croxall accepting
the new condition of things at the Restoration is quite
correct; while his presence in these documents serves
further to show that Addingham is rightly placed by
Calamy in Cumberland, and not in the West Riding of
Yorkshire as Palmer suggests. ^ It would appear that
shortly after the Restoration Randolph Croxall removed
to Essex. " Letters dismissory " were granted to him on
September 16th, 1661 ; and he compounded for " Tolshunt
mil," Essex in 1662. A gap follows upon Randolph
Croxall which I have been unable to fill in.
Michael Hodgson, J3.A., 1672 — 1674.
He was ordained Priest September 25th, 1670. In the
Registers occurs the following notice of his marriage : —
1672 Mr. Michael Hodgson Cler. and Anne Leigh May 30.
He removed to Thursby in 1674, and was subsequently at
Appleby and Morland.^
John Thomson, 1675—1682/3.
He buried his wife, Mary, on December 9th, 1678 ; and
a Terrier made by him bears date Jan. 6. 1678-9. The
Registers contain the following : —
The end of ye Eegister in Mr. John Thomson daies Vicar of Kirk-
land 1682-3.
A person of this name appears at Grasmere in 1656 and
Allhallows about 1666.''
John Aedrey, B.D., 1681—1684.
He was instituted August 18th, 1681, on the Presenta-
tion of the Dean and Chapter of Carlisle. In Nicolson
and Burn this name follows that of Edward Slegg, who
1. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 159.
2. Vide p. 354.
3. Vide pp. 544, 1135, 1184.
4. Vide pp. 572, 1064.
398 The Ejected of 1662
was instituted in 1631. John Ardrey was at Cliburn in
1657 and Great Musgrave in 1671.^
Hugh Todd, M.A., D.D., 1684—1685.
He was instituted October 31st, 1684, on the same
Presentation. The reader is referred to Penrith, etc., for
an account of this man.^
Daniel Mater, 1685—1694.
He was ordained Priest March 16th, 1678-9, being
described as " Dio. Cest." ; and instituted October 6th,
1685. He was the son of Daniel Mayer, M.A., or Mayers,
Eector of Whittington, Lancashire, in 1640. Daniel
Mayer, the younger, and his brother John, received their
early training at Sedbergh School, whence both went to
St. John's College, Cambridge, in 1640, the year of their
father's death, Daniel being at the time 16 years of age.
He does not appear to have taken a degree; and he
remained at Kirkland until his death in 1694.^ The
Hegisters give the following : —
1694 Mr. Daniel Mayer viccar of Kirkland Sept. 12. buried.
Nathaniel Spooner, M.A., 1694—1703.
He was instituted January 24th, 1694-5, and held the
living at Stanwix as well as Kirkland. He was at Cliburn
in 1687.*
George Fleming, M.A., D.D., 1703—1717.
He was instituted August 23, 1703; and the reader
is referred to Great Salkeld for an account of him.^ He
had for his Curate, William Airay.
1. Vide pp. 1118, 1243.
2. Vide pp. 436, &c.
3. Sedbergh School Eegister, p. 76.
4. Vide pp. 197, 1244.
5. Vide pp. 382, &c.
I
X. ALSTON.
In older documents '* Aldenston " or '' Aldeston." It
is some eight miles direct east of Renwick across the Fell
country, and just on the borders of Xorthumberland and
Durham. It is the one Parish in Cumberland, referred to
earlier, which is not in the Diocese of Carlisle. It is in
the Newcastle Diocese; and Chancellor Ferguson says
that geographically, and in every other respect it belongs
not to Cumberland but to Northumberland.^ The Church
is dedicated to St. Augustine. The oldest Registers do
not date beyond 1701 ; but connected with it is an ancient
Chapelry at Garrigill whose Registers are older by a
couple of years. These were transcribed and published
in 1901 by the then Curate, the Rev. Csesar Caine, who in
reference to both sets of Registers says : —
The oldest Register of the Alston Parish which is preserved locally
contains the following : —
Alston.
Baptisms 1706 — 1727 and a few odd items on detached and defaced
leaves.
Marriages 1701—1727.
Burials 1701—1727.
Garrigill.
Baptisms 1708 — 1729 with a "di.stinct Register of Nonconformists"
covering the years 1704 — 1728.
Marriages 1699—1730.
Burials 1699—1729.
Nicolson and Burn make no attempt at a list of
Incumbents, and Jefferson has copied, but not well, from
the Rev. John Hodgson's " History of Northumberland."
The following is the list : — •
William Teasdale, B.A., 1578.
He was instituted November 6th, 1578, on the resigna-
tion of Anthony Watson, the patron being Thomas Archer.
1. Vide p. 71.
400 The Ejected of 1662
Possibly this is the person of whom Foster under"Teasdell"
has the following : "Of Cumberland pleb. Queen's Coll,
matric. entry under date 1572 aged 22 " ; and under
" "William Tesdale " or " Tisdale," probably referring to
the same person, he says : " B.A. from Queen's Coll.
supd 3. Nov. 1574,^ There was a John Teasdale, Yicar of
Appleby and Rector of Lowther.^
John Nelson, 1618.
Foster has a John Nelson of Lancashire whose
matriculation entry at Oriel is dated 1580, he being at the
time 17 years of age. A person of this name was Curate
of Bewcastle in 1632.^
Ealph Young, 1624.
He was instituted July 23rd, 1624, the vacancy being
caused by the death of Nelson ; the patrons were William
Archer and Nicholas Whitfield.
Francis Hill, B.A., 1625.
He was instituted August 25th, 1625, on the death of
Young, the patron being William Archer of Alston Moor.
Foster has the following : " Hill Francis of Northum-
berland, pleb. Queen's Coll. matric. 7 June 1616, aged 16;
vicar of Alston Moor, Cumberland, 1625, rector of Kirk-
haugh, Northumberland 1638." *
Jefferson has a gap at this point until 1665. «
Geo. Troutbeck, 1638.
This is a new name supplied by the Institution Books.
He was instituted December 23rd, 1638. Foster names
two or three Troutbecks in his Oxford list of students as
natives of Cumberland; but there is no George among
them. It is, however, highly probable that he belonged
to this County. There was a person of this name at
Bowness, Cumberland, in 1660.^
1. Al. Ox.
2. Vide pp. 1137, 1235.
3. Vide p. 292.
4. Al. Ox.
5. Vide p. 603.
Alston 401
John Lee, 1665.
John Fell,
No date given, but a person of this name was Vicar of
Kirkhal© October 9tb, 1613.
William Stebert, 1683.
Nicholas Walton, 1696.
He was buried at Alston, November 23rd, 1728.
John Topping, 1728.
He was instituted February 14th, 1728/9, on the
Presentation of Ralph Whitueld, and was at Slaley,
February 2nd, 1723. ^
This district is extremely interesting, offering, as it did,,
a place of refuge for Nathaniel Burnand after his Ejec-
tion from Brampton, and John Davis after his Ejection
from By well. Here also were the famous lead mines of Sir
William Blacket. In the Churchyard is a tombstone
bearing the following curious inscription : —
My Cutting-board's to pieces split.
My Size-stick will no measures mete,
My rotten Last's turned into holes,
My blunted Knife cuts no more soles.
My Hammer's head's flown from the haft,
No more Saint Mondays with the craft.
My Nippers, Pincers, Stirrup and Rag,
And all my Kit have got the Bag ;
My Lapstone's broke my Colour's o'er.
My Gum-glass froze, my Paste's no more.
My Heel's sew'd on, my Pegs are driven,
I hope I'm on the road to heaven.
1. These particulars are taken largely from Hodgson's "History of
Northumberland," vol. iii, part ii, p. 37.
A A
XI. AINSTABLE.
About two miles east of Armatliwaite. The Church is
dedicated to St. Michael and All Angels. The Registers
begin only in 1664, the earlier ones having perished by
fire some years ago. In the Jackson Library is a Tran-
script of the Registers made in August, 1889, which begins
thus : —
The Remains of an old Register transcribed by John Verty, vicar of
Ainsable (sic) preceding the Date 1679.
The first entry is that of a baptism, November 20th,
1664. Nicolson and Burn's list of Incumbents is again
singularly defective. The following contains some addi-
tional names : —
John Peeestman, 1565 — 1597.
He died in 1597.
Robert Watson, 1597 .
He was instituted in 1597 on a Presentation by Henry
Barrow and Hugh Lowther, gentlemen. Foster gives a
Robert Watson, M.A., of Cambridge, who was incorpor-
•ated at Oxford in 1592; but he supplies no further
information about him.
John Wilson, 1616—1649.
He was instituted October 11th, 1616, on a Presentation
by " Henry Barrow de Anwick Com. Northum. gen." ; and
is possibly the person of that name that appears at Beau-
mont in 1615.^ Foster has a John Wilson, who graduated
B.A. from University College, Oxford, April 23rd, 1607,
and M.A. July 10th, 1612. He says one of this name was
" beneficed in Cumberland." ^
1. Vide p. 219.
2. Al. Ox.
Ainstable 403
In Lord William Howard's "Household Books" are
several interesting references to him : —
Rewards July 21. 1628 To Sr John Willsons manne bringing a case
of mutton to my Ladie lis. vjd.*
Aprill 8. 1634 Rec. of Mr. John Willson Clerk for the Easter booke
at Cumwhitton, due now xxxjs Id.^
June 25th 1634 Rec. of Mr. John Willson Clerk for one whole yeares
rent of Iveson's tenement due at Easter 1634 xls.^
March 25. 1640-1.
Received of Sr Jo Willson of Aynestable Clerk which was arreare to
my Lord, and due for one whole yeares rent (of Iveson's tenement in
Cumwhitton) at Easter last 1640 xls.*
John Wilson died in 1649 and was buried at Kirkoswald,
a notice of the fact appearing in the Kirkoswald Registers
thus : —
1649 July 10, Sir John Wilson Vicar de Ainstable sepult.
A person of this name was at Qrasmere in 1620. ^
Nicolson and Burn give no name between Robert
Watson, 1597, and George Dacres in 1661.
George Yates, 1661.
A person of this name was B.A. of Magdalen College,
Cambridge, in 1661. Calamy in his First Edition in-
cluded George Yates in his list of Ejected Ministers; but
in the Second Edition he says that he withdraws the name
because of information since received, adding that he
" conformed and liv'd and preach'd at Croglin." ^ Palmer
has not improved upon Calamy, for he takes the men
whose names Calamy with'draws and places them under
the heading "afterwards conformed." "^ The "afterwards"
is quite misleading, suggesting that the persons in ques-
tion were first ejected. There is no evidence to show that
1. P. 246.
2. P. 279.
3. P. 279.
4. P. 362.
5. Vide p. 1059.
6. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 161.
7. Non. Mem., vol. i, p. 391.
404 The Ejected of 1662
George Yates did other than accept the new conditions at
once. He replaced John Rogers at Croglin.^
George Dacees, 1661 — 1680.
He was instituted November 4th, 1661, on a Presenta-
tion by Leonard Barrow, gent. ; and died in 1679-80. The
Registers note his burial thus : —
Memorand. that Mr. George Dacres vicar of Ainstable was buried
March 15. 1679. Sic transit gloria vitae.
A son, George, was buried July 7th, 1668.
George Hodgson, 1680 — 1737.
He was instituted February 4th, 1680, on a Presentation
by Barbara Haggett " vid.,"and had previously been at
Hay ton. "^ The Registers give the following: —
Mr. George Hodgson had his possession given by Mr. George
Sanderson Rector of Croglin the Seaventh day of February anno
Dom. 1680 before Mr. Peter Hodgson William Bird John Smith
Rowland Smith Thomas Wilson John Slacke.
In addition to Ainstable he was Curate of Armathwaite
Chapel, and Bishop Nicolson does not spare him in his
account of that place. He is the " Rascally Curate," who
" lets all go to "Wrack." ^ Writing of Ainstable, in 1703,
he says : —
The onely thing that appear'd to my first View, which pleas'd me,
was a decent Repository for the Books given by B. Oley ; agreable to
ye Donour's Intentions, and the Engagement of the Vicar and Church
wardens. But — the Birds were flown. The Vicar, Mr. Hodgson
(with an assurance peculiar to himself) protested they were all in his
own possession, and in good Condition ; presuming that I would have
relyed on ye Credibility of his Evidence without makeing any further
Enquiry. I had some Reasons (however) to be more scrupulous, than
he expected, in this matter : And, persisting in my Demands to see
them, after a tedious Expectance, he brought me Thirteen of the
Sixte6n. These were more in Number than I look'd for : But they
were all in the same abused Condition yt I expected to see them in.
Of the three that were wanting, one was said to be lent to Mr. Hunter
of Croglin : Another (ye Works of the Author of the Whole Duty of
Man) to Mrs. Aglionby at Nunnery : and a Third, being one of the
1. Vide p. 415.
2. Vide p. 287.
3. Vide p. 329.
Ainstable 405
Volumes of Dr. Jackson's Works to a late Master-Builder of the new
Bridge at Armathwaite. NB. At the Visitation a further Enquiry
ought to be made ; and the Vicar obliged to purchase {de novo) those
that are lost.
Continuing, lie adds : —
The Register-Book begins at 1611, but is imperfect and (indeed)
very Scandalous, as everything must be that's left to ye rlisposeal of
the careless Vicar. His Vicarage- House is extremely ruinous ; and he
chiefly resides at a little Alehouse, kept (by the Side of the Road to
Brampton) either by his wife or Daughter. Admonitions will not
reclaim him. Some other method must be taken.'
Doubtless we have an echo of the book trouble in the
following from the Registers, but unfortunately no date
appears against the entries : —
Madam Aglionby of Nunnery hath borrowed one whole Duty of
Man in fol. being one of the Books belonging to the present vicar
Geo. Hodgson vicar of Ainstable. The same restored [in a later hand].
Mt. George Lowthian of Stoffells patron did Borrow Bp. Usher's
Body of Divinity Being one of ye Books belonging to the present
vicar.
Whether George Hodgson mended his ways we do not
know; but he continued to hold the living for more
than thirty years after the Bishop penned the ominous
note above cited. The Registers give the following burial
entries of his wife and himself : —
The wife of Mr. George Hodgson vicar of Ainstable Buried ye 27th
day of April 1728.
Mr. Geo. Hodgson Vicar of Ainstable bur. Dec. 5. 1737.
1. Miscel., pp. 110, 111 ; an equally unfavourable character of him is
given in the Bishop's Diaries (Trans. (N.S.), vols, i — v).
XII. CROGLIN.
This is a considerable village lying some seven miles
north east of Lazonby, whence the road is nearly a
continuous iascent. It is in the heart of the impressive
scenery, which forms the eastern wall of the two Counties
with which we are concerned. Its Church is an old
foundation, though the present structure is comparatively
modern, and is dedicated to St. John the Baptist. The
Registers begin in 1644, the first volume being long and
thin, and ending with 1724. It is slightly worn, and
some of the earlier entries are much faded.
The following is a list of Incumbents : —
Roger Haslehead, 1582 — 1611.
He was presented by Lord Wharton, and died in 1611.
John Allan, 1611—1639.
He was instituted March 30, 1611, and is referred to
under Kirkoswald.^ His death took place in 1639.
Richard Sharples, 1639.
He was instituted December 13th, 1639, on a Presenta-
tion by " Philip Wharton Bart de Wharton," and
compounded for his First Fruits in 1640. A contest took
place between him and James Halton for the living at
Aikton, which continued for about two years, ending
ultimately in favour of James Halton,^ though vSharples
appears to have been in possession for some time. He
had to make choice of Aikton and Croglin, ^ and the
Petition which follows would suggest that he surrendered
Croglin. Francis Palmer eventually settled at Castle
Sowerby.* There is no date to this Petition, but it must
have been about 1648 or 1649.
1. Vide p. 332.
2. Vide p. 610
3. Vide p. 762.
4. Vide p. 493.
Croglin 407
Cumbrland.
To the Right Honble Philipp Lord Wharton Lord of the Manor of
Croglin in the said County.
The humble Petition of the Tenants and Parishiors of Croglin.
Humbly Sheweth
That whereas ye Rectorie or Parsonage of Croglin is now void, by
reason of the eiection of the late Minister ; the Presentation wherof
doth of Right unto yor Honr belonge and appertaiiie, And whereas
Mr. ffrancis Palmer a learned pious and orthodox divine hath beene
pleased to preach painfully and powerfully amongst us, and the
Parishiors of Enstable for the space of five monethes and more to the
great Comfort and edification of yor Hours most imworthy servts and
Tennants :
Yor Petitors therefore do most humbly beseach yor Honr. would be
pleased to nominate and Present ye Said Mr. Palmer to ye said
Parsonage whereby he may be the better enabled and incouraged to
discharge yt ponderous office of Preachinge the word of God, And yor
Hours Petrs. (as in duty they stand bounde) shall most humbly pray
that to yor owne Meritts honour terrestriall may be repaid you, And
for ye onely Merit of Chrest glory coelestiall vouchsafed you.
Jhon Mounkister George Dixon "
Edward Hedrington A John Wharton F
Nicholas Hall H Humfreye Nicholson —
Anthony Wharton A Hugh Bird
Anthony Hevyside " Hugh Browne j
Anthony Hedrington O Robert Warwicke +
Adam EUwood A John Todd X
Francis Dixon X Roger Tomson X
John Dodd James Tomson +
John Qill Willm Bird
John Hogheand -] John Buchan \
John Tomson — Thomas Dixon
John Tomson (.) Mark Dixon =
John Tomson /- Willm Tomson
Thomas Dixon Henry Dodd X
Lancelot Tomson Andrew Binher ? '
John Tomson X
George Browne O
The handwriting is nearly the same throughout, and
against most of the names is a mark probably made by
those who were unable to write. Who was appointed we
. \. Bodl. MS., Rawl. Letters, 104, fol. 20.
4o8 The Ejected of 1662
know not; and the question may be asked as to whether
Sharpies returned.
Robert Bartram, 1657.
This is a new name furnished by the Addingham
Registers, which record his marriage on April 23, 1657,
with the daughter of Daniel Broadley the Ejected Minister
of that place.^ Probably he was a native of the district.
The Kirkoswald Registers have several Bertram entries;
and in Lord Howard's " Household Books " we have the
following : —
March 23. 1612-3 Rec. of Turner for dung sold in iij houses at
Kirkoswald to Mr. Bartram xxxs.^
It is not easy to understand the significance of the
following, and the date certainly gives little time for a
vacancy after Bartram. It is addressed to Lord Wharton,
the patron of the living : —
May it please yor Lopp
I have not written to yor honor since the 24th of Aprill because I
could gett noe returnes for yor moneys that I had in my hand till the
last weeke. These inclosed bills for lOOli are all yor Lop. must expect
before my journey into the South, wch will be about a fortnight
hence (if I cann gett company soe soone).
Bobt Atkinson and my selfe have mett with such a payre of
Partnrs at yor Colepitts as never men had ; but of this I shall
further acquaint yor Lop when I have the happiness to see you. At
the prsent we shall only desire that we may be continued flarmrs
of them aftr the expiracon of this Lease upon such termes as may
seeme reasonable to you ; and that in the mean tyme none may have
the grant of them. The Coales are now sold at Id a load.
Exetr is sold somewhat bettr then what I mentioned in my last
could be gotten for him.
Other businesses (none whereof require hast) I shall deferr till my
attendance upon yor Lop.
I take leave & rest
My Lord
Yor Lops most humble and
faithfull Servt
E. Branthwaite.
May 18 1657.
1. Vide p. 355.
2. P. 5.
I
Croglin 4^9
Yor Lop. must hasten ye Ministr for Croglin, for feare of a Lapse
& for supply of their want.
[Endorsed]
18 May 1657.
E. Branthwaite to my Lord about securemg a Minister to Croglin.'
John Lumley, 1658-9.
This also is a new name furnished by the Lambeth MSS.
and his appointment is referred to in the following terms :
Croglin in
Cumberland.
Mr. John Lumley — Admitted the 9th day of ffebruary 1658/9 to the
R. of Croglin in ye County of Cumberland Upon a pres. exhibited the
l5th day of October 1658 from Philip Lord Wharton, the patron.
And Certificates from Geo. Tibboll of Skelton, Nath : Burnand of
Castle Carrocke Jo. Jackson Peter Jackson of Sowerby. 2
He was gone before 1660, and how his removal was effected
does not appear.
John RocxErs, M.A., 1660—1663.
He was instituted March 2nd, 1660-1, on a Presenta-
tion by Philip, Lord Wharton. Calamy gives a
very full account of this worthy man. Born at
Chacomb, Northamptonshire, April 25th, 1610, where
his father, of the same name, was Minister, he went
to Oxford, Wadham College, where he matriculated
October 30th, 1629, graduated B.A. December 4th, 1632,
and M.A. June 27th, 1635.^ He first settled at Middleton
Cheney in his native County, was appointed Rector of
Leigh in Kent, by the Westminster Assembly in 1644, and
in the same year by order of Parliament went to Barnard
Castle in Durham. In the Durham Certificate, dated
December, 1645* he appears under the heading of the
Staindrop Classis; and out of the proceeds of the Dean
and Chapter Lands he received as salary for the Barnard
Castle Church for nine months and seven days up to
December, 1649, the sum of £117. 9s. Od. The following
1. Rawlinson MSS., Letters 52, fol. 87 (Bodl. Library).
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 999.
3. Al. Ox.
4. Shaw's Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 369.
4IO
The Ejected of 1662
further refers to the Augmentation which he and others
received at this time.
Newcastle October 2. 1650.
Durham Whereas there is by ordinance of Parliament of the
Barnarde Castle 23 of April 1645 graunted unto Mr. Prideaux Ministr
Alnwicke of Newcastle, Mr. Nathaniell Burnand And jNIr.
Berwick upon Gilpin Ministrs of Durham, Mr. Eogers Ministr of
Tweed Barnard Castle, Mr. Marshall late Ministr of Alnwick
and Mr. Oxenbridge Ministr of Berwick upon Tweed
15011 a yeare a peece out of the Revenues of the
Deane & Chaptr of Durham which sevall yearely
allowances they have reed till the 25 of December 1649
and there is an arreare according to the p prrccn
[proportion] of 1501i a yeare a peece for the 25th of
December aforesd till ye 6th of January last the sume
of ffower pounds nineteene shillings a peece which
amounteth in the whole to twenty nine pounds four-
teene shilings It is ordered that the Trustees for
Sale of Deane And Chapter Lands doe and they are
desired to issue theire warrant to the Trears for Sale
of Deane and Chapter Lands to pay unto Mr. Richard
Marshall to the use of the said Ministrs the said
291i 14s due as aforesaid.'
John Rogers was " much respected by Sir Henry Yane,
Father and Son, whose seat at Roby Castle in that neigh-
bourhood gave Opportunity for frequent Conversation.
As an old Aquaintance he afterwards waited upon Young
Sir Henry when Imprison'd in the Tower; and found him
Stout and Resolute, not sensible of any Crime he had
Committed." An officer quartered with his army in the
town where Rogers ministered demanded his pulpit that
he might preach therein " bidding him refuse him at his
peril "; but Rogers did refuse. A zealous observer of the
Sabbath " he would always oppose the driving of Cattel
thro' the Town on that Day, tho, it was to a Fair to be
held at some Neighbouring Place the next." Even
towards the Quakers, who gave him " some Difficulty,"
was his " carriage so engaging " that " many of them
could not forbear giving him a good Word." Calamy
says that he was ejected from Barnard Castle, March 2nd,
1. Bodl. MS., 327.
Croglin 4 1 1
1660 ; and now happened the curious fact of his immediate
appointment to Croglin, though an Ejected Minister,
whence he was outed in 1663. Both Calamy and Foster
are in error in giving 1662 as the date of his second
Ejectment.
His appointment to Croglin is attributed to Lord
"Wharton, and that is correct. The patronage of the
living had long been in the hands of the Wharton family,
whose influence in the Eden Valley was very considerable,
and tended somewhat to neutralize that of the Musgraves
of Edenhall, who were violent Royalists. Yet the fact
remains that a Nonconformist was appointed and the
question arises as to how this came about. It would also
appear that Rogers made some sort of submission to the
Bishop, which permitted of his settlement, at least, for a
time. Calamy says that he was a man of " Moderation," of
" a Catholick Spirit, and a great Enemy to narrow and
uncharitable Principles or Practices. He had always a
fair Correspondence with the Neighbouring Clergy,
between whom and him there pass'd an exchange of
Friendly offices, without any Shyness or Shadow of
Grudging. Nay he was treated very respectfully upon
Occasion, by those of the greatest Eminence; As Dr.
Stern, Arch-Bishop of York; Dr. Rainbow Bishop of
Carlisle; and the present Bishop of Durham." The
[Episcopal Register at Carlisle throws considerable light
ipon the matter, the following being extracted from it : —
Mr. Rogers testimonial! & licence to preach.
Testimoniall of Subscription &c.
Universis & Singulis Chri fidelibus ad quos prsentes nrae Lrae
testimoniales pervenerint Richardus providentia Divina Carliolensis
Episcopus Salutem. Sciatis quod die Datus p'ntium constitutus coram
nobis personaliter Johes Rogers Clericus in Artibus Magr & in Sacris
presbyteratus Ordinibus rite constitutus prntatus ad Rectoriam sive
Eccliam parochialem de Croglin alias Kirk Croglin in Com Cumbr.
nrae Dioces. Carliolen. ante admissionem & institutionem ad eandem
non solum de renunciando refutando & recusando oem & oiodam
potestatem jurisdictionem & authoritatem forinsecas ac de agnoscendo
Regiam potestatem Supremam tarn in causis ecclicis quam temporalibus
juxta & scdm [secundum] formam & effectum Statuti parliamti hujus
412 The Ejected of 1662
inclyti Regni Angliae in ea parte pie ac salubriter editi ac provisi Ac de
Allegianti ac fidelitate Reginae Mati ejusq haeredibus & successoribus
p'standa et exhibenda juxta & scdm cujusdam etiam Statuti formam
in eo casu promulgati & stabilite Verum etiam de litima &
canonica sua obedientia nobis & successoribus nris Carliolen. Epis
pro tempore existent ibus p'standa Ac etiam de Simoniaca pravitate in
acquisitione hujus Rectoriae nullatenus Commissa ' ad Sacra Dei
Evangelia per se corporaliter tacta rite juratus fuit, Et etiam tribus
illis Articulis in tricesimo sexto Capite Canonum Ecclicorum autoritate
publica editorum descriptis^ in p'entia nra voluntarie subscripsit &
Assensit.
IN CUJUS REI testimonium Sigillum nrum Epale p'ntibus fecimus
apponi Dat primo die IMensis Martii Anno Dni Scdm Computationem
Eccliae Anglicanae Millimo Sexcentesimo Sexagesimo Et. nrae Con-
secrationis Anno primo
RICH CARLIOLEN.
The two following are in the margin against the refer-
ences above given : —
1. In a Vicarage —
[Nee non de residendo in eadem vicaria scdm exigentiam Juris.]
2. Atq etiam Declaracone sine Recogenconi p Acti Parliam Decimo
quarto Caroli Scdi Regis me Moratae.
Licence to Preach.
RICHARDUS providentia Divina Carliolen Epus Dilecto nobis in
Chro Johanni Rogers Clerico in Artibus Magro & in Sacris presbyter-
atus Ordinibus rite constitute Salutem graam & benedictionem. Ad
prdicandum & proponendum Verbum dei juxta talentum tibi a Dno eo
creditum in quibuscunq Eccliis in & per dioces. nram Carliolen.
Tibi de cujus fidelitate doctrina & erga Sacrosancta Chri Evangelia
zelo scdm Scientiam vitaeq & morum integritate plenam in Dno
fiduciam concepimus liberam tenore p'ntium facultatem & potestatem
concedimus tarn die duraturum donee & quousq. aliter nobis visum
fuerit Te nihilominus admonentes ut Sacras literas pure & sincere
tractes easq prudenter & cum simplicitate populo diligenter exponas.
Et ne in Sermonibus tuis contentiones de rebus jam per Regiam
autoritatem constitutis vel suscites vel spargas neve alterationem vel
innovationem quamcunq in doctrina aut ceremoniis suadeas, quod
etiam te facturum sive propriae manus suae Subscriptionem testatus
€S.
IN CUJUS REI testimonium Sigillum nrum Epale p'ntibus apponi
fecimus. Dat secundo die Mensis Martii Anno Dni Scdm Computa-
tionem Eccliae Anglicanae Millesimo Sexcentesimo Sexagesimo et nrae
Consecrationis Anno primo
RICH CARLIOLEN.
Croglin 413
In addition to these is given in full a copy of his
" Institution " to the Rectory or Church " de Croglin
alias Kirk Croglin " now lawfully vacant, the Presentation
being " Per Honorahilem Yirum Philippum Dnum
Wharton Baron de Wharton " the undoubted patron. It
is dated March 2. 1660/1, the "Mandate" for the
Induction which is also given in full bearing the same
date.
If John Rogers in any way conformed, as would appear
to have been the case from the foregoing, it is evident that
his conformity was insufficient to keep him in his living
at Croglin : for in 1663 he was deprived. On the collation
of George Yates his successor, the vacancy is attributed
to the " dep'vaconem Johis Rogers cleri ult Incumbent." ^
It appears from the following that the sentence of Ejection
must have taken place in the early part of 1663, and that
he remained in the vicarage to suit the convenience of his
patron for some time after. This letter is very beautiful,
and the references to George Yates, who replaced him,
reveal the possession of a rare Christian grace.
Right Honbl. Croglin Jun. 18. 1663.
Hope deferred (saith Solomon) maketh the heart sicke, but when
the desire cometh it is a tree of life I have ben long in expectacon of
an answer from yor Lordshipp concerning the dispose of Croglin
psonage and stay yt att the place, waiting to know yor Honrs
pleasure being very desirous yt my remove and departure (wch ye
occasions of my family & season of the yeare as other pvidences doe
call forth) to make up accounts wth ye next Incumbent concerning
dilapidations & the last yeare's profitts, for 1 doe feare if anything
should miscarry in my absence, before I have concluded concerning
them, I am too liable to bee responsible.
Mr. George Yates (that supplyes the Cure) receives the Tithes that
this yeare doe arise due, as the Eastr reckonings Tith Lambe &
WooU &c. Hee is painfull in his calling, preaching herein on y©
Lords day & Catechising. He is also unblameable in his life and
such a Minister as the neighbours of Croglin desire may be setled
among them I hope hee will approve himselfe a faithfull Steward of
ye Misteries of God & a workman yt needs not to bee ashamed rightly
deviding the word of truth giving milke to babes & meat to men of
strength.
1. Episcopal Register, Carlisle.
414
The Ejected of 1662
The only wise God (that knows the hearts of all men) Counsel and
direct yor Honr in this great affaire, that you may choose & present
a pastor aftr God's owne heart, that there may be reioycing in the
presence of our Lord Jesus Xt att his coming. Oh yt this God that
stands in the Congregacion of the mighty and iudgeth among the
gods would be pleased to manifest himself e to bee so© in and wth
yor parliamentary Assembly and Covmsells that all may bee carryed
on to the glory of his great Name, that his poore Servants may have
a naile in his holy place & our God may lighten our eyes & give us
a little reviving in or [our} bondage.
It is my hearts desire & prayr yt the God of all grace would
continue forth his kindnesses & powre downe blessings abundantly on
yor Lordshipp's person famely and great imployments & reiterating
my earnest request to have by the first a line or two from yor Honr
concerning the pmisses.
I take leave to rest
Yor Honor's much bounden &
humble Servnt in Christ
John Kogers.
[Endorsed]
Mr. Rogers to my Lord
deliv'd by his brother Wm.
Rogers next doore to the
boare in Henrietta Street in
Covent Garden.'
The wife of John Eogers was Grace, daughter of Thomas
Butler, merchant of Newcastle. Another daughter was
Mary, who married Ambrose Barnes. The wife of Rogers
was buried at Barnard Castle, February 5th, 1677-8,
where several children also lie.^
Calamy says that Rogers continued the " Exercise of
his Ministry after his being silenc'd without Fear, ' He
licens'd a Place or Two in '72 at Darlington and Stockton
in Durham. When the Indulgence expir'd, he Preach'd
at his own House at Startford, one Lord's Day; and the
other he would spend, either in Teesdale or in Waredale,
among these who wrought in the Lead-Mines. Many a
troublesome journey hath he taken to those Poor People
through very deep Snows, and over high Mountains when
1. Rawl. MS. Letters 104. This letter is in a beautifully clear hand.
2. Memoir of Ambrose Barnes (Surtees Soc, vol. 50), p. 66.
Croglin 415
the Ways have been extream bad, and the Cold very sharp
and pinching: But he made nothing of his Fatigue through
his Love to Souls; especially being encourag'd by the
Mighty eagerness of those honest People to hear the word.
And he us'd to Preach frequently on the Week-Days also.
And yet for all his Pains he did not receive above lOli per
Annum, but liv'd upon what he had of his own, and had
some room left both for Generosity and Charity too."
Only one License for Darlington can be found, in which
he appears as " Presbyt." at the " House of Robert
Nichoalson," but under Yorkshire we have one for
" Lartington." " He dy'd with a great deal of Calmness
and Resignation," says Calamy, " at Startford in York-
shire Nov. 28. 1680. His Funeral Sermon was Preach'd
by Mr. Brokill Minister of Barnard-Castle where he was
bury'd. He gave him a very Friendly Character : And
indeed his Memory is precious in those Parts to this Day.
He hath nothing in Print but a little Catechism; And
Two Letters to Mr. Richard Wilson, upon the Death of
his Daughter, whose Life was Publish'd under the name
of the Virgin Saint." ^
Palmer adds a long and striking story of the way in
which John Rogers was delivered from the imprisonment,
to which he had been condemned by Sir Richard Cradock,
a Justice of the Peace, and " violent hater and persecutor
of dissenters," through the interposition of the Judge's
six year old daughter. The story was told by Timothy
Rogers, son of the Ejected Minister, who had often heard
it from his father's lips. Timothy Rogers was for some
time at Wantage, Berks, and afterwards colleague with
John Shower at the Old Jewry, London. ^
George Yates, 1663/4— 1670.
He was collated by Bishop Sterne " per lapsum " ffeb.
9. 166^5-4, and was from the neighbouring parish of
Ainstable. He compounded for his First Fruits in 1664.
1. Vide p. 338.
2. Vide Al. Ox. ; Calamy, vols, ii, p. 151, iii, p. 226 ; and Non.
Mem., vol. i, p. 379.
4i6
The Ejected of 1662
The Registers give his marriage in the following terms :
Married 1664 Mr. George Yeates and Mary Dacre daughter of Mr.
Humphrey Dacre pish of Haltwhistle Novemb. 7.
They also record the burial of a daughter, Mary, on March
9th, 1666, the baptism of Margaret, and of another
daughter, on October 30th, 1667; and the following
curious entry appears in reference to another son : —
1669 George Sonne of Mr. G. Yates was baptised June the 9th,
but was borne Saturday the 15th of May about betwixt foure & five
a clock in afternoone.
His own burial entry reads thus : —
Mr. George Yates Rector 16 December 1670.
The Whitbeck Registers contain the following : —
Mr. George Yates & Mrs. Margaret Addison Married ye 7th
day of March 1697.
Whether he was the son whose birth is above recorded
does not appear.
George Sanderson, 1671 — 1691.
He was instituted July 3rd, 1671, on a Presentation by
"Dns Wharton," and compounded for his First Fruits
in this year. He held the living at Kirkoswald as well
for some time, and died in 1691.^
Thomas Hunter, 1691—1724.
He was inducted August 24th, 1691, and died in 1724.
He had previously been at Ravenstonedale.^
The Registers contain the following interesting entries :
Rebecca Daughter of Tho. Mulcaster baptized by a desenteing
Minister on ye 7th of October 1698.
1702 Ann daughter of Thos. Mulcaster Baptized October ye 7th.
The Mulcasters were a prominent Nonconformist family
as the Presentment List shows. ^
1. Vide p. 343. .
2. Vide p. 1110.
3. Vide p. 1341.
IV. THE PENRITH GROUP.
I. PENRITH.
One of the larger Cumbrian towns and, lying in the
direct route between England and Scotland, Penrith has
figured considerably in the stirring scenes of the past. The
fragments of its Castle, near the station, which catch the
eye of the traveller going north or south, are an eloquent
witness to events which centre in the period with which
we are concerned. The Church is dedicated to St. Andrew,
and the Registers begin in 1556. The earlier ones form a
large, stout volume, and are in good condition ; but the ink
has faded in several places. The entries are promiscuous
and those from 1556 to 1601 were published by Mr. George
Watson in 1893. On the second page of this volume, in
old English characters, appears the following : —
A trewe Coppye of the Register Booke of Penreth of all
christenings mariages and burialls beginning in the yere of our Lord
God 1556 written on parchment by me Willm Walleis Vicarius
guonda.
This copy, we are informed elsewhere, was " Scriptus "
in 1599, " anno Regni Elizabetha 41" ; and the original
would be in paper. The Churchwardens' Accounts begin
in 1655, and respecting them Mr. Watson says: —
In two folio volumes, ultimately bound in one. The first com-
mences in 1655, and contains four quires of foolscap paper and its
three hundred and thirty five pages cover a period of one hundred
and ten years. The paper of this book is not only foolscap in size,
but is actually so, since it bears the original water mark of the
fool's cap and bells. The entries in the old book are very meagre
and consist generally of items of money received or paid ; rarely
indeed did the old men venture upon a remark or note not directly
connected with pounds, shillings and pence. In the list of first
payments is this item : " For this paper book with the ordinances
bound therein 5s. 8d." From the commencement of the book in 1655
AB
4i8
The Ejected of 1662
a vicar's name is not mentioned until we come across this entry.
"April 18th 1663. We the Ministrs and Churchwardens &c. Simon
Webster, &c." '
"We shall see presently that the latter statement is in-
accurate, and Mr. Watson puts a much lower value
generally upon these Accounts than they deserve. A very
hasty inspection of them impressed me with their interest.
The earlier entries, in particular, are well worth publica-
tion; and the Penrith Parish Chest, in which I was
informed are some old fragments in bundles, would
doubtless well repay careful examination.
The following is a list of Incumbents: —
William Walleis or Wallis, B.A., 1575 — 1601.
The Registers give the date of his Induction as Jun. 28,
15T5. Foster has the following : — " Of Queen's Coll. 1564,
B.A. 9 July, 1568; vicar of Penrith 1576 and of Thursby
(both), Cumberland, 1601." ^ His departure from Penrith
is referred to in the Registers thus : —
1601 Aprill 14 — Departed Willm Walleis who was Vicar of
Penreth about xxvi yeres last to the Vicarage of Thursbie west of
Carliell.
He had a very plentiful supply of wives as the following
marriage record shows : —
1576 Jul. 16, to Isabel Woodhouse.
1584, Nov. 4, to Mabel Moore.
1587, Dec. 2, to Saraye Spring Servant to Mr. Farfax at Heskett.
1598 Dec. 8, to Dorothie Machell by Sir John Knott.
Indeed he appears to have had an earlier one still,
Margaret, who was buried Oct. 12, 1575. His children,
as might be expected, were numerous.^
John Hastie, M.A., 1601 — .
He was a native of Catterlen, near Penrith. His wife
died in 1607, and he afterwards married Grace Page, the
daughter of Anthony Page. In the Newton Reigny
Registers are several references to the Hastie family; and
1. Notabilia of Old Penrith.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Vide p. 532.
Penrith 419
the following from those Registers has been inserted in the
the Penrith Registers : —
A true copy of the age of Mr. Hastie, Vicar of Penrith set down
here July 2nd, 1650. The 27th day of January was baptized John
Hastie, Son of William Hastie of Caterlen, Anno Dom 1575. Witness
the register book of Newton per me Jacobum Pearson Minister.
John Hastie was a graduate of Cambridge University, and
was ordained Priest in March, 1601. He preached at
Penrith on April 12, 1601, being " Easter daye, his text
was the third verse of the first of Esaye the p'fett."^ His
Induction took place on April 28th in the " presence of
Mr. Anthony Page, Steward, and Mr. Thomas Atkinson
with many others." ^ He also had quite a large family, the
names of at least a dozen of his children appearing in the
Registers. The first entry is that of Anthony, a son, who
was baptized March 25th, 1605, and died about two
months after. His " Wyfe," Marion, was buried Nov. 21,
1607. It was his daughter, Anne Hastie, baptized July 3,
1612, whose marriage with William Willis is noted in the
Registers under Aug. 28, 1634. This would be the Penrith
Schoolmaster who appears in the list of Preachers at
Watermillock.^
In Lord William Howard's " Household Books " are two
interesting references to John Hastie as follow : —
Jan. 18, 1618-9. To Mr. Hasty for the tofts and Crofts at
Pereth delivered by Lane. Hall xijli.4
August 2, 1634. To Mr. Hayskies manne of Penreth bringinge
apples and Chirries iijs.*
The Editor thinks "Hayskie" is for "Askew," but there
can be little doubt that Hastie is the person intended.
On January 5, 1647-8 " Mr. Robert Rickerby & Jane
Hastie maried." This was the Cockermouth Minister. ^
It is generally assumed that about this date John Hastie
1. Parish Registers.
2. Ihid.
3. Vide p. 515.
4. P. 99.
5. P. 317.
6. Vide pp. 682, 699.
420 The Ejected of 1662
was sequestered, his successor being Roger Baldwin,
whose son " Will." was baptized June 9, 1650. Walker
includes Hastie in his list of " Suffering Clergy," but he
gives no information about him. He misspells the name
of both the person and the place thus : — " John Haisly,
Benreth."^ Mr. George Watson, who fixes upon 1650 as
the date, thinks the birth certificate above referred to was
required by Cromwell's " Triers," especially so because the
original entry in the Newton Registers has been taken out.
But the " Triers " concerned themselves with no such
matters ; and the statement that Hastie was sequestered
is open to serious doubt. In 1646 the Plundered Ministers'
Committee voted him a substantial Augmentation, as the
following shows : —
Cumberland.
Att the Comittee for Plundered Ministers September 23rd.
Anno Dni 1646.
By vertue of an order of both houses of Parliament of the second
of May last It is ordered that ye yearelie sume of ffortie pounds be
paid out of such of the profitts of the Impropriate Rectorie of
Penrith in the Countie of Cumberland wch are Sequestered from Sr
ffrancis Howard Knt Delinquent ffarmer thereof under the Bishopp
of Carlile over and above his psent Maintennce of twelve pounds a
yeare payable out of the said Rectorie to and for increase of the
Maintenance of Mr. John Hasty Minister of the pish Church of
Penrith aforesaid being the Chiefest Markett Towne in the said
Countie the residue of his Maintenance being but Twelve pounds a
yeare And the Sequestrators of the pmisses are required to pay the
same accordingly att such times and seasons of the yeare as the said
profitts shall grow due and payable.
Gilbt. Milliiigton.2
Then about 1650 he and Roger Baldwin are referred to as
recipients of grants from the proceeds of the sale of the
Bishops' Lands. Roger Baldwin is styled " lecturer of the
Parish Church of Penrith," and his grant is £37. 10s. Od. ;
while John Hastie is simply named as of Penrith with a
grant of £20. Os. Od.s Roger Baldwin's Lectureship in
1. Walker, Pt. ii, p. 262.
2- S.P. Dom. Inter., F. 1 (Record Office). This document is dupli-
cated in the Bodleian MS. 323.
3. Shaw's Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 564.
Penrith 42 1
no way implies John Hastie's supersession.i By this time
Hastie had become quite old; he had seen at least fifty
years of service, and it is clear from the fact just named
that Baldwin and he were together serving the Penrith
Parish and in receipt of liberal assistance from the
Plundered Ministers' Fund. It would, however, appear
that not very long after this Roger Baldwin was appointed
to the living ; but there is no evidence to show that Hastie
was sequestered. Nicolson and Burn have the following
in relation to this matter : —
John Hastie continued until after the abolition of episcopacy, and
his living was sequestred. During the time of his being ejected, one
Baldwin had his place, who repaired the vicarage house with part of
1001 given to him for that purpose out of the sequestred livings. On
the return of King Cha. 2 Mr. Hastie was restored, but died soon
after. 2
The latter statement is incorrect as will be shown presently ;
but the whole passage is a good illustration of the manner
in which this History, invaluable in many respects, treats
this period. Hutchinson complains of the ecclesiastical
bias of the writers, and not without reason, though he
himself sinned not less grievously in this direction. These
writers make large use of Walker, and accept his statements
without in any way challenging them; but Calamy, to
whom Walker's work was meant as a reply, appears to
have been beneath them. Had they consulted him in the
slightest degree, they would have been able to write a
little more illuminatively about Roger Baldwin than as
" one Baldwin." What seems to have happened was the
retirement of John Hastie with an allowance.
That sentence was written months ago; and it is only
within the last few weeks that the following documents
have been discovered, which practically establish the
position assumed throughout : —
Cumberland
Penrith October 19. 1647.
Whereas this cotee [CommitteeJ the 21st of May last graunted 50li
1. Vide p. 141 for an account of the Lectureship.
2- Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 407.
42 2 The Ejected of 1662
a yeare out of the profitts of the Impropriate Rectorie of Penrith in
the Countie of Cumberland sequestred from Sr. ffrancis Howard
papist & delinquent to & for increase of the maintenance of Mathew
Wilkinson Minister of the pish Church of Bampton in the Countie of
Westmerland ffor that the said Impropriacon & pish of Bampton are
in 2 severall Counties & the pishioners of Penrith Complains that the
said pish beinge very large & Consistinge of 1400 pishoners &
Conteyning a greate Market towne Mr. John Hasteis the pnte [present]
Incumbent thereof is not able in regards of the greatnes of his age
& of the said Cure to supplie the said Cure himselfe It is therefore
ordered that the said order of the 21st of May be discharged & that
the Somme of 501i a yeare be paid unto the said Mr. Hasteis for the
maintennce of such godlie & orthodox devine as the Cotee shall
approve off to be assistant to him in descharge off the dutie of the
said place.'
Penrith
Rect. thereof. Dec. 12. 1649.
Whereas this Comittee have ye 23 of September 1646 graunted ye
yearly Sume of 401i out of the pfitts of the Imppriate Rectory of
Penrith in ye County of Cumberland Seqred from Sr ffrancis Howard
Delinqnt ffarmer thereof under the Bpp. of Carlile for increase of the
maintence of Mr. John Hastie Minister of the pish Church of Penrith
aforesaid It is ordered that ye Trustees for Sale of Bpps Land doe
& they are hereby desired to issue their warrants to the Trears for
sale of Bpps Lands to pay unto ye said Mr. Hastie or unto Mr.
Thomas Langhorne to his use ye Sume of twenty pounds for cne
halfe yeares rent of the pmisses due ye 29th of Septembr last pvided
the said Minster first subscribe ye Ingagemtz
Cumberland
Penrith
Rect. thereof. January 1, 1649.
Whereas the Comittee have ye 9th of October 1647 graunted ye
yearely Sume of 50li out of the Imppriate Rectory of Penrith in ye
County of Cumberlnd seqrd from Sr ffrancis Howard Delinqnt ffarmer
therof undr ye Bpp of Carlisle for increase of ye maintence of a
Lecturer to preach in ye said pish Church of Penrith It is ordered
yt ye Trustees for Sale of Bpps Lands doe & they are hereby desired
to issue their warrants to the Trears for Sale of Bpps Lands to pay
unto Mr. Roger Baldwin Lecturer of the sd Church or unto Mr.
Thomas Langhorne to his use ye Sume of 371i 10s for three quarters
rent due ye 25th of Decembr last 3
1. Bodl. MS., 325.
2. Ihid., 326.
3. Ibid., 327.
Penrith 423
Penrith. June 28th, 1650.
Whereas the Comittee have the 9th of October 1647 graunted the
yearely sume of ffifty pounds out of the Impropriate Rectory of
Penrith in the County of Cumberland Sequestred from Sr ffrancis
Howard Delinqt ffarmer thereof undr the Bpp of Carlisle for increase
of the maintennce of a Lecturer to preach in the parish Church of
Penrith aforesaid and have the 1 January 1649 referred it to the
Trustees for Sale of Bpps Lands to issue theire warrant to the Trears
for Sale of Bpps Lands to pay unto Roger Baldwin Lecturer of the
said Church or unto Mr. Thomas Langhorne to his use the Sume of
371i 10s for three quartrs rent of the pmisses due the 25th of Decembr
last It is ordered that the said Trustees doe issue theire warrant to
the said Trears to pay unto the said Mr. Baldwin or unto Capt.
Man. Dowson to his use the said 371i 10s due as aforesaid.^
Penreth. June 28th, 1650.
Whereas this Comitte have the 23rd of Septembr 1646 graunted the
yearely Sume of 40li out of ye profTitts of the Impropriate Rectory
of Penrith in the County of Cumberland Sequestrd from Sr
ffrancis Howard Delinqnt ffarmer thereof under the Bishopp of
Carlisle for increase of the maintennce of Mr. John Hastie Minister
of the parish Church of Penrith aforesaid and have the 12th of
December 1649 referred it to the Trustees for Sale of Bpps Lands
to issue theire warrant to the Trears for Sale of Bishopps Lands to
pay unto the said Mr. Hastie or unto Mr. Thomas Langhorne to his
use the sume of Twenty pounds for halfe a yeares rent of the pmisses
due the 25th of Decembr last It is ordered that the said Trustees doe
issue theire warrant to the said Trears to pay unto the said Mr.
Hastie or unto Capt. Mann Dowson to his use the said 20li due as
aforesaid 2
Jolm Hastie's age and consequent incompetence for the
duties of his sacred office were the determining factors in
the situation ; and that the authorities were anxious to deal
justly and keep faith with him, is evident from what
follows. It is worth notice that in the first of these
passages John Hastie is still spoken of as " Incumbent,"
though the fact need not be pressed too far : —
Penrith. March 12, 1654.
John Hasty Incumbent of ye Church of Penrith in ye County of
Cumberland Complaines That Twenty Seaven poundes a yeare being
1. Bodl. MS. 327.
2. Ibid.
424
The Ejected of 1662
setled upon him out of ye Tithes of ye Rectory of Penrith aforesaid
Mr. Roger Baldwyn to whom ye Rectory of Penrith aforesaid is
Graunted Charged with ye said Twenty Seaven poundes a yeare
detaines ye same from him. It is ordered yt ye said Mr. Baldwyn
doe shew Cause on ye six and twentith day of June next wherefore
he paies not ye said Twenty Seaven poundes a yeare unto him ye
said ^Ir. Hasty wch cause he is to shew by himselfe or some one
sufficiently authorized in his behalfe.
Jo. Thorowgood Ri. Sydenham Jo Humfrey Jo. Pocock Ra Hall.'
Penrith. July 9, 1655.
The Trustees doe appoint to take into Consideracon ye answer of
[blank] Baldwin Ministr of Penrith in ye County of Cumberland to
ye order of ye 12th of March 1654 Concning ye Claime of Mr. John
Hasty to Twenty Seaven poundes a yeare payable by ye said Mr.
Baldwin out of ye said Rectory of Penrith on ye 17th of July instant
when ye said ]\Ir. Hasty hath Liberty by Himselfe or his Agent to
be heard thereunto.
Jo. Thorowgood Jo Humfrey Ri Sydenham Edw. Hopkins Jo.
Pocock.*
Penrith. July 17, 1655.
Upon hearing pties on both Sides in ye case betweene Mr. [blank]
Asty Claiming 261i a yeare out of ye tithes of Penrith in ye County
of Cumberland & Mr Roger Baldwin setled in ye Rectory of Penrith
aforesaid charged with ye said 261i a yeare & Severall other paymts
to other Ministers It is ordered yt ye said Mr Asty abate of ye said
26li a yeare pportionably with ye other Ministers in respect of ye
Cheapnes of ye Come And yt ye said Mr. Baldwyn doe pay him ye
said pporcon.
Jo. Thorowgood Ra Hall Jo. Pocock Ri Sydenham Edw. Hopkins
Jo. Humfrey.'
Penrith. July 30, 1655.
Whereas the Comissionrs for propagation of the Gtospell in the
fower Northerne Counties have by their ordr of the 3d of Novembr
1655 Setled Mr. Roger Baldwin Ministr of Penreth in the County of
Cumberland And ye Rectory of Penreth aforesaid was Conferred
upon him for his Maintennce Charged notwithstanding with the
severall yearely Sumes of Twenty Seaven poundes fifteene poundes
tenne shillings xxli vis vii jd amounting in all to Sixty two poundes xvis
& viijd a yeare And whereas the said Rectory being valued at 170li
a yeare when the said Mr. Baldwin was Setled there as aforesaid is
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 1008.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
Penrith 425
in regard of ye Charges of Corne for ye pnt [present] of less value It is
therefore ordered yt ye rents & pfits of ye said Rectory Charged with
ye said Several! Sumes be from time to time paid unto ye said Mr.
Baldwin (approved &c) for such time as he shall discharge ye duty
of ye Minr of ye said place or till further ordr of ye said Trustees.
Provided yt for such time as ye said Rectory shall be under ye said
yearely value of one hundred & Seaventy poundes a due pporcon of
ye said several] sumes charged upon ye said Rectory be abated unto
ye said Mr. Baldwin according to ye rate ye said Tithes shall from
time to time goe and be desposed att. And yt Mr. Edmund Bran-
thwaite Recr doe pay unto ye said Mr. Baldwyn ye said rents &
pfits (ye said ratable deduccons first made as aforesaid) accordingly.
And it is further ordered yt ye said Mr. Branthwaite doe lett ye said
Tithes att ye best rate he can gett for ye same for this pnt yeare.
And yt ye said Mr. Baldwyn pducing any responsible pson or psons
to take ye same att as good a rate as any one else will give yt he
lett same to such pson or psons before any other.
Jo. Thorowgood Ra Hall Ri Sydenham Jo Humfrey Jo. Pocock.'
The error of Nicolson and Burn witli regard to the
Teturn of Hastie at the Restoration, repeated by Jefferson
and Hutchinson, has disappeared from the works of
later writers on Penrith Ecclesiastical History. John
Hastie died before the Restoration, The Registers are
•decisive as to this : —
1659 June the 6 Mr. John Haisty Late vicar of Penrith buried.
It is curious, however, to find in the Churchwardens'
Accounts the name of " Mr. John Haisty " occurring even
until 1662. Probably he was the Minister's son, the "Mr."
teing given frequently to the children as well as to the
parent in such a position; and the presence of the name
in this form may have led to the error in question. The
fact also that a " Widow Haisty " appears in the same
l)ook under date 1655 shows that the family were numerous
in the town and district.
Roger Baldwin, M.A., 1653( ?)— 1660.
He was the son of William Baldwin of Standishgate,
Wigan, pewterer, who died in 1673, Roger being the
fourth of six children. He was baptized at Wigan, Nov.
28th, 1624. In 1643 he matriculated in Glasgow Univer-
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 972.
426
The Ejected of 1662
sity, but shortly afterwards was transferred to Edinburgh
University, where he graduated M.A., April 15th, 1645.
The year after he appears as Minister of Ellenbrook, a
Chapelry in the Parish of Eccles, but it would seem that
he left the following year. His next appointment was to
the Carlisle Lectureship which he certainly held in 1647 / 8 ;^
and thence he removed to Penrith in 1649, ^ where he had a
similar position, and so would serve as " assistant " to
John Hastie in his work. Reference has already been
made to the baptism at Penrith of a son, William, on.
June 9, 1650, and fifteen months later there is the
recorded baptism of a daughter.^ Roger Baldwin
succeeded John Hastie in the Penrith living, though the
exact date when this took place has not been ascertained.
Certainly it was not before 1650 ; and probably it was not
later than 1653. The following relates to the matter : —
Tuesday Oct. 18, 1653.
That a Letter be written to Mr. Cholmley and Mr. [blank] Justices
of the Peace for the County of Cumberland, to take care to settle
Mr. [blank,] Baldwin in the Vicaridge of Penrith, he haveing beene
already Appointed thereto by the [MS. breaks off].*
Calamy supplies no information about his early life. He
was approved by Cromwell's " Triers " in 1654 according
to the following : —
Know all &c. the sixth day of July in the
yeare 1654 There was exhibited to &c An order
of the Comissionrs for propagation of the Gospell
in the ffoure Northerne Counties whereby Mr.
Roger Baldwin is nominated to ye Rectory and
vicarage of penreth in the County of Cumberland
Together with &c. said Roger Baldwyn &c. is
required The Comissionrs for approbation of
publique preachers doe by these psents ratify
conferme and allow him the said Roger Baldwyn
Accordingly to continue in the said Rectory and
vicarage as ye publique preacher there And to-
Penreth
Roger Baldwyn.
Roger Baldwin
Cert as aforesd
By
Richard Gilpin of
Grestock
Theo Polwheele of
Carlile
Tho Cholmeley
Tho Craister
1. Vide p. 142.
2. Vide p. 420.
3. Penrith Registers.
4. S.P. Dom. Inter., I. 71.
Penrith
427
Tho Langhorne receive possesse and enjoy Whatsoever Rents
Cuth. Studholme profits and other Incouragemts by vertue of the
Pet. Norman said order setled upon him. In Witnesse &c.
Edw. Winter. Dated at Whitehall the Seaventh day of July
1654.'
About this time there was some attempt to secure Roger
Baldwin's removal to St. Oswald's in Elvet, Durham ; but
it evidently failed. The following are the documents : —
Oswalds in
Elvett. December 21. 1655.
Whereas the curacy of the pish Church of Oswalds in Elvett neere
Durham in ye County of Durham is at pnt destitute of a minister
And Mr Roger Baldwyn Minister of the word hath applied himselfe
to these Trustees for his Settlemt in ye said Church — Ordered that he
be setled Minister of ye said Church Provided he first procure ye
Approbacon of publique preachers in yt behalfe.
Jo. Thorowgood Edw Cressett Ri Sydenham Jo. Pocock Ra Hall.*
Oswalds in Elvet. Order Deer
Know all men by these psents that the 31st day of 27 — 55
December in the yeare 1655 There was exhibited to Roger Baldwin
ye Comrs for approbacon of publ. preachers An order Cert as aforesd
of the Trustees for maintenance of Ministers for ye by
settlement of Mr. Roger Baldwyn in ye Curacy of the ^
parish Church of Oswalds in Elvett Neare Durham
in the County of Durham Together &c In witnesse
Hen. Lever of
Branspeth
&c. Dated at Whitehall the second day of January John Marsh
1655.3 of Houghton
Geo. Saunderson
of Gainford
Rich. Rowe.
Penrith and
Oswald neare
Durham. ffeby. 19. 1655-6.
Ordered that upon Mr. Erbury — his producing Baldwin's Resigna-
tion of the pish Church of Penrith in the County of Cumberland he
be settled Minister of Oswald in the County of Durham*
Munday Mar. 24. 1656.
Durism — Order ]Mr Baldwin there."
1. Lambeth MSS.
2. Ibid., 1008.
3. Ibid., 996.
4. Ibid., 974.
5. Ibid., 1021.
(Plund. Min.), 997.
428 The Ejected of 1662
Oswaldes. April 22nd 1656.
The Trustees doe appoint to heare what Mr. Marshall shall offer
against the Trustees settlemt of Mr. Baldwin Minister of Oswaldes in
Durham on the 29th of Aprill instant and the Signing of the said Mr.
Baldwin his ordr of Settlemt is in the meantyme respited, i
Penrith. June 24. 1656.
Upon mocon mad in behalfe of Mr. Roger Baldwyn Minr of the
word that his resignation of the Benefice of Penrith in the County of
Cumberland in ordr to his settlement in Oswald's in Elvet, Durham
may be delivered back again unto him to bee cancelled and vacated
that hee might not be discharged from Penrith aforesaid in regard
Mr. Holdsworth Minr of Oswald aforesaid refuseth to quitt the said
place it is ordered that the said Resignation bee delivered back
againe unto the said Mr. Baldwin accordingly.
Jo. Thorowgood Ri : Sydenham, Jo. Humfrey, Jo. Jocock Ri Yongl 2
In the Churchwardens' Account Book we have the
following under date 1658 : —
Mendinge Mr. Baldwins Seate & a Spade & the quire doore Barr
00 : 00 : 06.
The llestoration led to his immediate removal, and in a
note Calamy says : — " I am inf orm'd he was outed in
Cumberland in 60, and here [Rainford, near St. Helens]
in 62." ^ Baines questions the correctness of this on the
ground of a statement by Bishop Gastrell, ^ who, writing of
Hainford Chapel, in 1720, says: —
The originall of this Trust was abt 20 yeares agoe wn this
Chappell was recovered out of the Dissenters' hands, who had been
in Possession ever since ye Warrs.5
Bishop Gastrell's statement is by no means decisive ; for
there are well known cases of these Chapels passing into
the hands of " Dissenters " long after " ye Warrs," and
after the Ejection period. Respecting Roger Baldwin's
subsequent career Calamy gives the following : —
After his Ejection he removed into Lancashire. There he took a
Farm, for which he paid a considerable Fine. Having Three Children
he took it for Three Lives, not putting his own Life in, but theirs;
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 974.
2. Ibid.
3- Calamy, vol. ii, p. 418.
4- Hist, of Lane. (Croston's Ed.), vol. 5, p. 14, note.
5. Notitia Cest. C. S. (0. S.), vol. 21, p. 213.
Penrith 429
as not doubting, but that some one of them at least might survive
him ; But it pleas'd GOD he out-Iiv'd them all, upon which he quitted
the Farm, and would be no more concern'd in it. He at length fix'd
at Eccles near Manchester in Lancashire where he Preach'd at
Monks-Hall for many Years, acceptably and profitably. He dy'd
June 9, 1695 Aetat 70. i
To Calamy's account, especially in relation to his move-
ments in Lancashire, we are able to add considerably.
The farm to which he retired appears to have been at
Chisnall Hall, Coppull, in Standish Parish, adjoining
Wrightington ; and he remained here a considerable time.
In intimate association with Henry Newcome the latter
makes repeated reference to him in his Diary. The
following, under date " Ffriday, Mar. 27, 1663," is
particularly interesting : —
At 7 Mr. B[aldwin] preached on Rev. xiii. Here is ye faith and
patience of ye Sts. A very seasonable & profitable descourse ^
The times were full of peril for Nonconformists, and
informers were numerous and busy. The Bradshaigh MS.
gives a vivid picture of the extreme nervousness of the
authorities during the period ; and among the names of
persons searched for arms and ammunition Aug. 17, 1665,
is that of " Mr. Baldwin, a Minister at Chisnall." ^
Messrs Nicholson and Axon write : —
On Sunday October 29 1671 a religious meeting attended by " three
score at least " was held at the house of Robert Digles, Manchester,
" when and where a sermon or discourse was made unto them by
one Roger Baldwin of Chesnall Hall, a nonconformist minister."
Informers brought the meeting to the notice oT Nicholas Mosley Esq.
the most active persecutor of the nonconformists in the Manchester
district, and the members of the Congregation were duly fined 5s each
" in pursuance of an Act 21 C. II to prevent and suppresse seditious
Conventicles." Roger Baldwin as preacher should have been fined
£20, " but hee being gone and liveinge remote of and as I am
informed," writes ^Ir. Mosley, "being a very poore man and in noe
wise able to pay the same I have therefore imposed the Same twenty
1- Calamy, vol. ii, p. 153.
2- Newcome's Diary, C. S. (O. S.), vol. 18, p. 171 : vide also his
Autobiography, vols. 26 and 27.
3. The Letter Book of Sir Roger Bradshaigh of Haigh, Lane.
430 The Ejected of 1662
pounds " on Caleb Broadhead and two others of the Congregation.
The fines of the wife of Roger BaldAvin and others who were "very
poore" were also ordered to be paid by those better off. (Manchester
Sessions MS., p. 245, in Reference Library, Manchester.) '
On the Declaration of Indulgence in 1672, he took out a
general License, on July 25 of that year, being described
as " Roger Baldwin of Copall, Lancashire " ; and on
Sept. 6 following he licensed his house at Standish for
" Presbyterian " worship. ^ At an earlier date still, before
April 2, his son, William Baldwin, had made application
for a License for himself, which was granted the following
month : —
License to William Baldwin of Chisnull, Laaicashire to be a Grail
Pr: Teacher 1 May 72.3
This was duplicated the following day.*
It would appear that Roger Bradshaigh was kindly
disposed towards Roger Baldwin, and that after the with-
drawal of the Indulgence Declaration, in 1673, he was
prepared to connive at his preaching as long as possible.
The following from his MS. Letter Book is evidence, and
it illustrates the point referred to frequently, that local
feeling had much to do with the form assumed by events
in particular districts : —
The Copy of what I writ under Doctor Bridock's Ire [letter] to
Person Baldwin to desist Conventicling Aprill the 24th 1674.
Sr Since Mr. Deane of Salisbury hath taken notice of your
Unlawful! meeting and Preachinge at Copull Chapell I must looke
upon it as an informacon & Consequently pceede against you wich I
shall bee unwilling to doe ; if I may be encouraged to beleve yt you
will desist, for I doe not know any power can awarrant you agst. ye
knowne Lawes : Soe upon confidence you will give me noe other
occacon I shall Remain
Aprill the 24th Yor loveing freind
1674. Roger Bradshaigh.
1. From an interesting account of Roger Baldwin from the pen of
Mr. Francis Nicholson, F.Z.S., who claims descent from Baldwin, and
that of Mr. E. Axon in " The Penrith Observer," of August 3, 1909.
2. Cal. S .P. for 1672, pp. 400 : 579.
3 S. P. Dom. Car. ii, 321, No. 67.
4. Ibid., No. 70.
Penrith 43 1
In 1683 he was again in trouble, probably due to the
more rigorous measures which followed upon the discovery
of the Rye House Plot. The " Farrington Papers "
record the Earl of Derby's instructions to MajorFarrington,
under date July 19, 1683, " to seize & secure for his
Matyes Service, all armes of warre and offence " to be
found in the " custody and possession " among others of
Baldwin, of Wrightington, a Nonconformist
preacher." ^
Some time before 1689 he removed to Eccles. The Kenyon
MSS. under that date, give among " Presbiterian
parsons and theyr meeting places " certified : " Roger
Baldwin — Mr. Roger's barne in Maunton in Eccles
parish." 2 The present Unitarian foundation at Monton,
Eccles, is in continuity with the Monks Hall congregation,
to which Roger Baldwin ministered until his death. The
following testimonies show the regard in which he was
held: —
Calamy says : —
He was a solid Scriptural Preacher. A Judicious Divine, one of
good Parts, and an agreeable Temper. He was one of the Monday
Lecturers at Bolton.'
Matthew Henry was deeply affected by the death of " the
Reverend and learned Roger Baldwin of Eccles " * ; and
Henry Newcome of Manchester notes in his "Autobio-
graphy " his " sudden death of a diabetes." He preached his
funeral sermon June 14th, 1695, on Matt. 24, 25, &c.^
Oliver Heywood, in a letter to Dr. Sampson, dated Nov. 7,
1698, referring to the recent death of prominent Noncon-
formists, says : —
But these four my intimate friends go to my heart, who all died
in a year : viz Mr. Roger Baldwin of Eccles, buried at Manchester,
1. C. S. (0. S.), vol. 39, p. 176.
2. H.M.C., Fourteenth Report, Appendix, part iv, p. 232.
3. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 153.
4. Memoirs of Matthew Henry, by Williams, p. 257.
5. Autobiography, &c., C. S. (0. S.), vol. 27, p. 284.
432 The Ejected of 1662
June 8. 1695 ; Mr. Henry Pendlebury of Eochdale, buried at Bury,
June 20 ; Mr Henry Newcome, buried in his New Chapel at Man-
chester, Sept. 20. 1695; Mr. Robert Seddon of Bolton, buried at
Ringley, March 24. 1695-6.'
In another letter, the last he wrote to Thoresby, dated
Jan. 18, 1701-2, he says : —
Mr. Baldwin, Mr. Pendlebury, Mr. Newcome, Mr. Seddon,
all ancient, eminent ministers, died in one year's time which made a
great breach in that Salford hundred.^
An Administration Bond with Inventory for Roger
Baldwin of Eccles was filed at Chester in 1695. His
nephew, Thomas Baldwin, a Clergyman in Liverpool,
became Yicar of Leyland early in the 18th Century,
acquiring also the Advowson, and descendants have held
the living until to day.
Simon Webster, 1661 — 1663.
He was the son of Thomas Webster of Bedale, entering
St. John's College, Cambridge, in 1647, from Sedbergh
School, being then 17 years of age .3 He was instituted to
Penrith, Sept. 28, 1661, on a Presentation by the King,
having previously been at Brougham; and he held the
living at Dufton along with Penrith.* Under date 1662,
the Registers have the following : —
Aug. The 24th day being St. Bartholomew day was ye Declaration
contained in ye Act for uniformitie together with the Certificate read
in the Church in time of Divine Service by Mr. Simon Webster
vicar.
A daughter, Elizabeth, was baptized "June the 16th,
1664," though he appears to have resigned his Penrith
living in 1663.
Robert Fistier, B.A., 1664-1665.
He was ordained Deacon Feb. 1, 1662-3 ; and Priest Sept.
20, 1663, being collated Feb. 26, 1663-4.5 He died in
1665.
1. Thoresby's Letters, vol. i, p. 339.
2. Ibid., p. 404.
3- Sedbergh School Register, p. 81.
4. Vide p. 1155, vide also Institution Books and Episcopal Register.
5. Episcopal Register.
Penrith
433
Charles Carter, M.A., 1665 — 1667.
He was collated Sept. 8, 1665, and ceded for " Marcham
als Maryn in le ffen " in Lincolnshire Feby. 11, 1666/7.
Marius D'Assigxy, B.D., 1667.
He was collated jN^ov. 9, 1667, on tlie cession of Charles
Carter, and compounded for his First Fruits the year
following. He was the son of Peter D'Assigny, the
French Protestant Minister at Norwich ; took orders in the
Church; and obtained his degree of Bachelor of Divinity
in June, 1668, as the following shows : —
Marius Trusty and well beloved Having received good
D'Assigny Testimony of ye Sobriety & orthodox Learning
Batchellr of Marius D'Assigny & that by his long
in Divinity. & painfull Studies in Foreigne Universities
he hath rendred himselfe capable of Our
Princely encouragement Wee have upon humble suit
made to Us in his favr & out of ye Gracious care Wee have
for ye encouragemg learning & vertue & more
pticularly in one who hath Soe well acquitted himselfe of ye
Charge entrusted to him as Chaplaine to our Forces
in Tanger thought fitt hereby to recomend him
to you for ye Degree of Batchellr in Divinity in
yt Ouer University willing & requireing you
forthwith upon sight hereof all dispensacons
required being first granted to conferre on him
ye said ^Marius D'Assigny ye sd Degree
of Batchellr in Divinity any law Statute
Custome Ordne or Constitucon of yt Our
University to ye contrary notwithstanding. And
Soe Wee bid yo farewell.
June 5 1668.
By order
Arlington.'
To Cambridge.
Marius D'Assigny was a considerable writer ; in particular,
did he use his pen vigorously against the Anabaptists.
The following is the title of one of his works : — " An
Antidote against the pernicious Errors of the Anabaptists
or of the Dipping Sect." He was the Author also of a
" History of the Earls and Earldom of Flanders, from its
first Establishment and the death of King Charles II. of
1. S. P. Dom. Entry Book, vol. 19, 1664-9.
A C
434 The Ejected of 1662
Spain, with General Survey of Flanders." In 1672 he
componnded for his First Fruits at Cutcombe, Somerset.
He died in 1717, and in the Woodham Walter Church,
Essex, is the following inscription : - — " Here lieth the body
of the Rev. Mar jus D'Assigny, B.D;, who died Nov. 14,
1717, aged 74." i
Joshua Bunting, M.A., 1668.
He was inducted " the xix day of March anno Dom.
1668," by " Mr. Rowland Burrow, Parson of Clifton." He
*' did read ye 39 Articles together with his assent and
consent to all and everything " contained in the Book of
Common Prayer, 2 on the 21st of March following; but he
remained only one year.
John Child, M.A., B.D., 1669/70—1694/5.
He was collated by Bishop Rainbow Jan. 18, 69/70, on
the cession of Joshua Bunting, and inducted two days
afterwards. Foster has the following in reference to him;
'' Fellow of Magdalen Coll. Cambridge ; B.A. 1667, M.A.
1671 (incorp. 11 June, 1671), B.D. 1678, perhaps rector
of Warkworth, Northumberland, 1660-7, vicar of Penrith
Cumberland, 1670-94, and of Bromfield, Cumberland,
1681-92." 3 He buried his wife, Mary, Jan. 28, 1677-8,
and his own burial entry reads thus : —
1694-5 January 10th Mr. John Child vicar of Penreth was buried
An Affidavit & Certificate came the 16th day.
He signed for the King's touch, as the following shows : —
Memorandum that I certified for Isaac Threlkeld to get the king's
touch under my hand and seal the 25th of Aprill Anno Regni Jacobi
Secundi tertio Annoque Dom. 1687.4
The writing here is John Child's, though his name is not
given. In his day Nonconformists in Penrith appear to
have been numerous, and active measures were instituted
against them. The following illustrates the working of
the Uniformity and other repressive Acts about this time :
1. Diet, of Nat. Biog., vol. xiv, p. 89.
2. Parish Registers.
3. Al. Ox. ; also under Bromfield, p. 641.
4- Parish Registers.
Penrith 435
Upon Sonday the 16th day of May 1669 These whose names is
under written was Excommunicate.
Thomas Langhorne Aliciam eius
uxor Eobertu Wilson Annam
Eius uxor Thomam henderson
Johanem Washington *
Johnem Milner ]Margret eius
uxor Willmu Cookson
Henr Cookson Jacobum Colleson
Margrat Eius uxor Tho Middleton
Mariam eius uxor Edwardu
Danison Johanem Hewetson
Robertu Dawson Geo Cocke
Robertu Benson Ellenorem
eius uxor Annam Raper
Eleatham Smith ffrancesse ( ?)
Edwardi Danison Tho Carleton
uxor eius Mariam Gille (?)
Margret Mawson Mariam
Danison et Annam Ranem.
Upon Sonday the 20th of June 69 these were cited : —
Tho. Langhorne, marcater
Jo. Washington
Robt. Wilson
Tho Henderson
Tho Middleton
John Holme
Wm Cookson
George Cocke
Robert Benson
Jo. Hewetson
Jacobm Taylor.*
Bishop Nicolson's Diary also of a few years later is an
interesting sidelight upon the matter. The following
items are extracted from it : —
1684 Aug. 31. Reed, a Query pro Mr. Child about Preaching at
ye Funeral of Mrs. Langhorne, who had been some years excom-
municate.2
Nov. 11. The Ch[ancellor] and I held our first Court of Correc-
tions at Penrith ; where we deliver'd an Admonition to Some of ye
1- Parish Registers.
■2. Trans. (N. S.), vol. i, p. 16.
436 The Ejected of 1662
Clergymen of yt Deanery o [not] to frequent Markets. Langhorn &c
promised to attend Sacraments & Dismiss'd. i
Dec. 9. I wrote to ye Ch : at Penrith to respite Excommunica-
tion. 2
Alexander Farington, B.A., 1695 — 1699.
He was collated Jan. 11, 1694r-5. Foster says that lie
was the son of Lawrence Farington of Preston, matric.
Brasenose Coll. Oxford, 15 July, 1676, aged 16, and
graduated B.A. 1680. ^ Doubtless the person who obtained
a faculty for exercising the office of "Ludimagister" in the
Kendal Free Grammar School, May 21, 1681, and who
certainly was there in 1691. His burial entry is as
follows : —
1699 May 2. Mr. Alexander ffarington Vicar of Penrith was
buried. 4
Hugh Todd, M.A., D.D., 1699—1728.
A native of Blencow, near Penrith, educated at Queen's
Coll. matric. entry 29 March, 1672, aged 14 ; B.A. 1677 ;
Fellow of University Coll. 1678; M.A. 1679; B.D. and D.D.
1692; Yicar of Kirkland 1684; Canon of Carlisle 1685;
Vicar of Stanwix 1685 : collated Yicar of Penrith July 19,
1699, and Rector of Arthuret 1688. ^ The Fleming MSS.
have the following interesting reference to him : —
January 20. 1680/1.
Given unto my nephew Bowes, his man for triming of me at
Hutton this day, my niece Catherine Fletcher being married by
young Mr. Todd in Hutton Church unto Lyonel Vane of Long
Newton Esq. 00 : 02 : 00. 6
Dr. Todd was a remarkable man, somewhat of a free lance,
often in controversy, and he gave his ecclesiastical superiors
no little trouble. Quite early in his career these qualities
1. Trans. (N.S.), vol. i, p. 19.
2. Ibid., p. 21.
3. Al. Ox.
4. Penrith Registers.
5. Foster's Al. Ox.
6. Fleming MSS., H. M. C, Twelfth Report, p. 395.
Penrith 437
began to appear. Young Fleming, writing from Oxford
to his father, June 12, 1686, says that a report was in
circulation there " of Mr. Todd's inclining to Popery in
several sermons in the country, and that the Bishop has
rebuked him for it." ^ As previously intimated, between
Bishop Nicolson and himself the relations were often
seriously strained. ^ He was a keen antiquarian and
diligent gleaner in the byways of ecclesiastical history.
He left a mass of MS. material at his death, mainly relating
to ecclesiastical affairs in his native County, and he is the
authority upon whom local ecclesiastical writers have been
in the habit of leaning. The value of his works, however, is
very greatly diminished by his strong ecclesiastical bias ;
and he was often singularly careless about his facts and
dates. It has already been stated that he gave considerable
assistance to Walker.^ Like many others, he enjoyed the
friendship of Sir Joseph Williamson, and like many others
he indulged in not a little flattery of his friend. The
following Latin poem in praise of him is from his pen : —
Amplissimo Viro Do Jos. Williamson Equiti Aurato Supremis
Angliae Comitjs Senator!, Intimo Sacrae Majestatis Regiae a Secretis,
nee non Archivorum.
Regis Custodi fidissimo.
'EvSat/iovetv.
Regalem jactat Te Sospite Mater Alumnum, Thespiadesq Deae, turba
officiosa novata Laude colunt reducem Quas tu facis esse beatas.
Numine cum fausto peregrinas viseras oras Barbara faelices laudat
gens quaeq Britannos ; Et Regem tremefacta piu cum fortis honore
Legatus tanto valuit, perterrita pacem Obtulit, et nostro laetatur
victa triumpho. Aeque Vestra patent ac Phoebi munera ; mundus
Scena Tuae pietatis, erat gens Belgica laeta Nosse virum quo nos
fruimur gremioq fovemus Tu decus omne Tuis, Suadent Tua plurima
dona Officium, et Monstrant laudes regalia tecta Hospite Te digna,
hinc volucris per Sydera fama Evolat, et noscunt Superi Tua numina
Divi ; Praemia nunc, Musae deponite vestra, colamus.
Hugo Todd. 4
1. Fleming MSS., H. M. C, Twelfth Report, p. 200.
2. Vide under Great Salkeid, p. 380.
3. Vide p. 367.
4. S. P. Dom. Car. ii, 361, p. 61.
438 The Ejected of 1662
His father was Thomas Todd of Hutton-in-the-Forest.
Hugh Todd died in 1728. ^
The earlier Registers, in particular, contain many
interesting entries which throw strong light upon the
unsettled condition of these border lands in those days.
One or two samples will suffice : —
1601 March 18th The night last was Branton and Gillisland
spoiled by Scotts thiefs and their goods taken with prisoners. This
tyme was great spoiling and robing in this Conntrie, especiallie in
Cumberland, burning in Gillisland and other places.
1601 March 23rd daye at night was Richard Wood of Plunton
spoiled by thiefs and he taken prisoner into Scotland.
Do. This tyme such watching in Penreth on the night as was not a
hundreth yeres before fiftie watchers neightlie.
A Register of Roages and Sturdy beggars taken wandering Contrary
to Statute in that Case p'vided & punished by the Constable of
penreth since Novbr 27. 1608. [names given in the Registers.^
1. Vide pp. 197, &c. : vide also Wood's " Athense " together with the
County Histories, all of which give lengthy notices of him.
II. EDENHALL.
About four miles north east of Penrith and three
quarters of a mile from the village of Langwathby, is
Edenhall, the seat of the Musgrave family for many
generations. The Church, a very ancient foundation, is
beautifully situated, being literally in Edenhall Park.
It is dedicated to St. Cuthbert, and its Registers begin in
April, 1558. The oldest volume is bound in two leaves
of an ancient illuminated missal, the writing being quite
good, even in the earlier entries. A few leaves are
slightly faded and the edges worn away and broken. The
Historians are singularly disappointing here, a large gap
occurring in the list of Incumbents at the critical period.
The Registers, however, assist considerably. The
following is the list : —
Alan Scott, M.A., 1565 — 1578.
He was educated at Queen's College, Oxford, graduating
B.A. 5 July, 1554; and M.A. 6 July, 1556. He became
Fellow in 1559 and Provost jS^ov. 22 of the same year;
Vicar of Edenhall 1565-75 ; Rector of Bletchingdon, Oxon,
1571; and his Will was proved at Oxford 27 July, 1578.
So writes Foster/ but the date 1575 should be 1578, and it
would appear that Scott was a Pluralist. The Registers
note his burial thus : —
1578 The xij Julij Mr. Allan Scott vicker of Edenhall was buryed.
Thomas Scott, 1578—1580.
Probably the following from Foster refers to this person :
" Scholar Queen's Coll. from Cumberland. B.A. March,
1553-4; fellow Trinity Coll. 1555; M.A. 8 July, 1556;
proctor 1560; vicar of Sowerby, Cumberland 1571." ^ The
Registers record his burial thus : —
1580 Inprimis xxx Maij Sr Tho. Scott Priest (?) was buryed.
Possibly he was a connection of his predecessor
1. Al. Ox.
2. Ibid
440 The Ejected of 1662
William Smith, 1580—1609.
Nicolson and Burn find no place in their list for Ttomas
Scott, and put William Smith immediately after Alan
Scott. Foster has quite a number of persons of this name
in his Oxford Alumni, but he does not identify any one
with the Edenhall Yicar. His marriage is thus recorded
in the Registers : —
1580 Item viij. Decembr Willm Smith Vicker of Ed[enhall is torn
off] & Elizabeth Walker were weded.
His burial entry is also given : —
The first day of Maye was Sir Willm Smith viccar of edenhall
buried anno dni 1609.
Thomas Maplett, M.A., 1609—.
He was instituted Oct, 6, 1609 ; but !N^icolson and Bum
give no information concerning him beyond stating that
he was presented this year by ** Sir Christopher Parking,
knight dean and the chapter of Carlisle." Their next
name is that of Gilbert Burton presented in 1669 " upon
the death of Simon Green." ^ We shall find, however, as
we proceed, that much happened before the advent of
Gilbert Burton. Possibly Henry Maplett, M.A., of
Queen's Coll., Oxford, who is described as "of Cumberland
Cler. fil." was Thomas Maplett's son ;2 and Anne, daughter
of Thomas Maplett of Little Salkeld, who married Chris-
topher Bichmond at Addingham, July 6, 1611, was
his daughter. She was buried at Dalston, May 26, 1612.^
Simon Greene, 1624— 1650 (?).
He was instituted July 28, 1624, on a Presentation by
the Dean and Chapter of Carlisle. The first reference to
him in the Registers is in the record of the baptism of
" Lennard the sonne of Simon Greene clerck," Sep. 8,
1625. Leonard afterwards went to Queen's Coll., Oxford,
matriculating there on April 29, 1642. Several other
baptismal entries appear of the children of " Mr. Symond
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 413.
2. Al. Ox.
3. The Richmonds of Hayton Castle, by Jackson.
Edenhall 44 1
Greene vicar of Ednall and Anne his wief " ; and the
following burial entry occurs : —
The 29 of Maie Symond Greene the sonne of Mr. Symond Greene
viccar of Edenhall was buried 1644.
Similarly : —
1650 The 3rd day of May Isbell Greene the Daughter of
vickar of Edhall was Buried.
The Commonwealth Survey of 1649 gives " Simon Greene
as Present Incumbent of Edenhall." ^ It would appear
that Simon Greene was sequestered shortly after this,
though Walker does not mention him in his list.
John Macmillan, 1652— 1658 ( ?).
There is a little uncertainty as to the dates. His name
is in no hitherto published list; and it would seem
that previously he had had some sort of connection with
Cockermouth. William Lampit, writing in 1650, refers
to him in not very complimentary terms. ^ Unfortunately
he does not, as in other cases, supply the name of the place
where he was stationed at the time ; he merely says : —
" Mr. Jo. Mackmillan, a Scot who had an adulterous
Bastard in the highest degree and was deposed for it in
Scotland." ^ His appointment by the Parliamentary
Commissioners is given as follows : —
Newcastle
upon Tine. By ye Comrs ye 3rd day of November 1652.
Edenhall and
Langwathby.
Whereas Mr. John Macmillian being recomended for a godly and
painfull Preacher & of able guifts & Knowledg for ye work of ye
Ministerie & of approved Conversacon for piety hath come before us
& upon triall & examinacon of his Guifts by divers godly Ministers
according to the direcon of ye Parliamt is found fitt to preach ye
Gospell of Jesus Christ and to be duly qualified and guifted for ye
holy Employmt These are therefore by vertue of ye power & authority
to us given by ye Parliamt to appoint ye said Mr. John Mackmillion
to prea<:h at Edenhall & Langwathby in ye County of Cumberland & to
be Itinerant in those places And for his support & Maintennce It is
1. Lambeth MSS., Surveys, vol. ii.
2. Vide p. 623.
3. Vide p. 684.
442
The Ejected of 1662
hereby appointed and ordered yt ye Rectorie & Vicaridge of Edenhall
& ye Vicaridg of Langwathby with all gleab lands houses Tithes Rents
& other pfitts to ye same belonging to be vested & settled upon ye said
Mr. John Mackmillion & he is hereby invested in ye same and as
lawfully seised thereof to all intents and purposes as if he had been
instituted & inducted according to any former Course of Law.
Tho. Cholmly, Tho. Craister, Cuth. Studholme, H. Vane, John
Ogle, Geo. Dawson, Will. Vane, Jo. Levering, Hen. Horsley, Rob.
Hutton, Tho. Langhorne, Lu. Rillingworth. '
The following deal with his Augmentation and stipend r
Edenhall
Langwathby.
The lik. for Mr. John Mackmillayne of Edenhall & Langwathby ini
Com. Cumberland Dated at Whitehall ye fth day of Octo Anno 1654.
Jo. Nye Regr.^
Langwathby
& July 9 1655.
Edenhall.
Whereas ye Comrs for ppagacon of ye Gospell in ye fower Northerne-
Counties having by their ordr of ye 3d of November 1652 Setled Mr.
John Mackmillion Minister of Edenhall & Langwathby in ye County
of Cumberland did therby likewise Grant unto ye said Mr. Mack-
million ye pfitts of ye Rectorie of ye said Church charged with ye
yearely rent of Nine poundes out of ye said Rectory of Langwathby &
three poundes eight Shillinges & fower pence out of ye said Rectory
of Edenhall ye said Rectories after ye said Deduccons made as afore-
said not exceeding togeather with ye vicarage thereof Ninety poundes
a yeare It is therefore ordered yt ye Rents & pfitts of ye said
Rectories of Langwathby & Edenhall (ye said severall Rents of Nine
poundes. And 3li 8s 4d being deducted as aforesaid) be from time to-
time paid unto ye said Mr. Mackmillion (approved &c.) & yt ye same
be continued unto him so long as he shall continue to discharge ye
duty of ye Minister of ye said places or further order of these
Trustees to be accompted from ye time of his last receipt And Mr.
Edmund Branthwaite Recr is hereby appointed and authorized to pay
ye same unto him accordingly.
Jo. Thorowgood. Ri. Sydenham Edw. Hopkins Jo. Pocock Ri Yong.*
No Macmillan entries have been discovered in the
Registers. He was a member of the Cumberland
Association, " John Makmillane Pastor at Odenhall,""
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 1006.
2. Ibid., 968.
3. Ihid., 972.
Edenhall 443
being one of the signatories of the letter to Richard Baxter
in reference to the Worcestershire Agreement, dated Sept.
1, 1653.^ He certainly remained at Edenhall until 1657,
after which he disappears entirely. From this date
onward for the next half dozen years events are difficult to
interpret. The ministerial changes were frequent, and
precisely their significance is not clear,
Thomas Denton, B.A., 1658.
This is an entirely new name, but the admission of
Thomas Denton to the living is given in the following : —
Eadenel & Mr. Thomas Denton — Admitted the 7th day of ilay 1658
Langonby to ye R. of Eadnel & Langonby in the County of Cumber-
in ye County land Upon a pres. exhibited the 21st dayof Aprill from his
Cumberland. Highnes the Lord Protector under his Seal Manuall.
And Certificates from Tho. Barlow Tho Lamplugh Ri
Rawlinson Tho. Tullie.-
His stay could not have been long; and, though the
Presentation is said to be from " his Highnes the Lord
Protector," appearances suggest his Sequestration, the
" Ejectment " of the last Incumbent being responsible
for the vacancy which Jeremiah Marsden was appointed to
fill. It is curious to note that no ministerial name appears
among those supplying Certificates. He was probably one
of theDentonsof Warnell Denton, near Sebergham; and it
may be that his appointment was due to the influence of
Sir Philip Musgrave, under the shadow of whose mansion
the Church stood. He had previously been at Brigham
for a short time, and we meet with him again after the
Restoration.^
Jeremiah Marsden, 1658.
The authority for this, also an entirely new name, are
the following documents : —
Fryday 25 February 1658.
Edenhall prsent Mr. Jeremiah Marsden.4
1. Rel. Bax., p. 164.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 999.
3. Vide pp. 446, 753.
4. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 1003.
444 ' The Ejected of 1662
Edenhall.
To ye Comrs. &c. the true and undoubted Patrons of ye vicarage of
ye parish Church of Edenhall in ye County of Cumberland now
become voyd by ye Ejeccon of ye last Incumbent or &c. Have
nominated & psented & by these psents doe nominate & psent
Jeremiah Marsden Minister of ye word to ye sd vicarage & desire &c.
in alijs p. ut. Given &c. the ffive & twentieth day of ffebruary &c. 1658.
Jo. Thorowgood. Ka Hall Jo. Pocock Ri. Sydenham Richard Yong.'
Edenhall in
Cumberland.
Jeremiah Marsden CI. admitted the 11th day of March 1658 to the
V. of Edenhall in ye County of Cumb'land Upon a pres : exhibited
the 9th day of the same moneth from the Trustees for maintenance of
Ministers And Certificates from Tho. Crayster Cuth. Studholme, Tho.
Sewell ffrancis Higginson, Comfort Starre.2
Jeremiah Marsden moved much about, and his stay here
must have been brief. A full account of him appears
under Kendal. ^
Edward Williamson, 1659.
The authority for this, another quite new name, is the
following : —
Edenhall.
To all whom it may concerne Wee Sr John Thorowgood of
Kensington Knight &c the true and undoubted Patrons of ye
Vicarage of ye parish Church of Edenhall in the County of Cumber-
land now become void by the relinquishmt of the last Incumbt or by
any other wayes howsoever Have nominated & psented and by these
psents doe nominate & psent Edward Williamson Ministr of the word
to the said vicarage Desiring &c. Given undr or handes & Seales ye
23rd day of Decembr in ye yeare according to ye Computacon used in
England 1659.
Jo. Thorowgood Wm. Skynner Jo. Pocock Ri. Yong Geo. Cowper.4
This is probably the person of that name who appears as
Schoolmaster at Penrith, in 1655, as witness the follow-
ing:—
Penreth. Nov. 21. 1655.
Whereas the yearely Sume of flBfteene poundes was Graunted by the
Comrs for ppagating ye Gospell in ye 4 Northerne Counties by their
1. Lambeth MSS. {Plund. Min.) 983.
\ Ibid., 999.
3. Vide p. 957.
4. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 983.
Edenhall 445
Orders of ye 6th of March & 25th of March 1650 out of ye Rectory of
Penreth in the County of Cumberland for increase of ye Maintennce
of ye Schoolmr of ye Grammar Schoole of Penrith aforesaid ye pfits
thereof not exceeding five poundes a yeare. It is ordered that the
same be graunted & from time to time Continued & paid unto Mr.
Edward Williamson Schoolemr of ye said Schoole for such time as he
shall discharge the duty of Schoolemr there or untill further ordr of
the said Trustees And ilr. Edmund Branthwaite Receivr is appointed
to pay the same unto him Accordingly.
Jo. Thorowgood, Ri Sydenham, Ra Hall, Edw. Cressett.i
About 1657 he received a yearly Augmentation of £15 as
such. The Penrith Eegisters record the burial of a
daughter thus : —
1658-9 January the 25th Mary daughtr of Mr. Williamson School-
maister buried.
He relinquished his position at Penrith shortly after this,
and Joseph "Ward, his successor, was appointed, as the
following testifies : —
Penrith. Mar. 23. 1659.
A peticon being prsented for Continuance of an Augmentacon of
fiifteene pounds a yeare unto Mr. Joseph Ward Schoolemaster of
penreth in ye County of Cumberland alleaged to be formerly graunted
by ye Comrs for p'pagacon of ye Gospel! in the foure northerne
Counties unto ye Schoolemaster of Penreth aforesd It is ordered yt
upon pducing ye sd graunt of ye Comrs for ppagacon the sd peticon
be taken into further Consideracon.
Jo. Thorowgood Wm Skinner R<i Yong Jo Pococke2
All this agrees with Williamson's appointment at Edenhall.
The lateness of the date of his settlement here should be
carefully noted. Cromwell had been dead more than a
year, nine months had elapsed since the resignation of
Richard Cromwell, his son and successor, and feeling
was veering rapidly round towards the restoration of the
Monarchy. Whether this appointment in any way
reflected this changing feeling is not clear, for Edward
Williamson remains a stranger to us. A person of this
name compounded for his First Fruits in 1660, for
Flambridge, in Essex.
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 972.
2. Ihid., 989.
446
The Ejected of 1662
Thomas Tailor, 1660 (?).
This name is inserted entirely on the authority of
Calamy, who says : —
He was a Native of Scotland : he liv'd about 10 years after his
Ejectment, preaching at Alston-Moor ; and any Place as he had
Opportunity, l
The information is precise and careful, and yet it has
to be admitted that the case is altogether doubtful. The
Registers contain no Tailor entries, and, beyond what
Calamy gives, no information of any kind in relation to
him is forthcoming. What is more serious still is the fact
that the list of Incumbents above given, provides little
room for him. Edward Williamson was appointed at
the very end of 1659-60, and we may be tolerably certain
that Sir Philip Musgrave, a violent persecutor of all
ISTonconformists, would take care, after that date, that the
occupant of the pulpit of the Church, in which his family
worshipped, should have no taint of Nonconformity about
him. The evidence is not absolute, but it is nearly so,
that here Calamy is at fault. It is not suggested that
Thomas Tailor is a fiction ; that is scarcely likely in view
of the minute information concerning him which Calamy
has supplied. It ought also to be said that he appears as
ejected from Edenhall in the " exact Catalogue " of 1663
referred to elsewhere ;2 but it is more than doubtful if he
ever was at Edenhall. Still Ifess is it suggested that there
was no Ejected Minister here. The interesting personality
is Williamson who holds the secret in his keeping.
1663.
Thomas Denton, B.A., —
He has already been named as probably sequestered
from this place about 1659. The Registers witness to his
return after the Restoration. The entry is much faded,
l)ut the following may be taken as the reading : —
The xxiij daye Julie Rebeccka (?) Denton the daughter of Meister
Thomas Denton Minister of Edenhall was baptized 1663.
He married Julian, daughter of John Yaux, Rector of
1. Calamy, vol. ii, p.
2. Vide p. 81 .
159.
Edenhall 447
Great Musgrave, June 4th, 1662, and became Rector of
Crosby Garrett in 1663. 1
Simon Greene, 1663 (?)— 1669.
This was the Sequestered Vicar of early date returned;
and it is not easy to see why the return was so long
delayed. There were, of course, two claimants at the
Restoration — Thomas Denton and Simon Greene — and it
would appear that Thomas Denton's claim succeeded for
a time. His removal, however, to Crosby Garrett cleared
the way for Simon Greene, and the latter held the living
until his death in 1669. The Registers note his burial
thus : —
The xth day of June Simond Greene vicar of Edenhall was buried
1669.
Gilbert Burton, 1669 — 1683.
He was the son of Leonard Burton, Vicar of Sedbergh,
and received his early education in the Grammar School
of that town, whence, in 1661, he went to St. John's
College, Cambridge.^ He was ordained Priest Sept. 20,
1668, being at the time described as Curate of Edenhall,
and was instituted to the living on January 24th, 1669,
on a Presentation by the Dean of Carlisle. He com-
pounded for his First Fruits in 1670. In an Inquisition
held at Langwathby, April 8, 1682, he appears as plaintiff
against Edwd. Barrow, Thos. Barrow, and Isabel Barrow,
widow, the matter in dispute being the "Vicarage and
parish of Langwathby in the County of Cumberland —
Tithes" ; similarly in an Inquisition, at the same place, on
Sept. 15, 1682, with the same parties as defendants, the
matter in dispute being " the Rectory of Aldston, the
parish of Langwathby and pasture in Tynehead in Priors-
dale, in the County of Cumberland. Tithes."^ His "Life
of Sir Philip Musgrave " is one of the rare " Carlisle
Tracts." His burial entry in the Registers is as follows :
July the 20th Gilbert Burton vicar of Edenhall was buryed 1683.
1. Vide p. 1098.
2. Sedbergh School Registers, pp. 85, 100.
3. Exchequer Depositions East. 8 : Mich 6. (Record Office.)
448 The Ejected of 1662
John Leigh, M.A., 1683—1690.
He was instituted Octv 3, 1683, on a Presentation by the
Dean and Chapter. He is one of few men who wins praise
from JSTicolson. In his Diary under date May 13, 1685,
referring to a sermon by Leigh, he says that he preached
" remarkably well." ^ Nicolson and Burn say that he
was deprived in 1690 ;2 but for what reason is not stated.
Possibly he was a Nonjuror.
George Moon, 1690—1743.
He was ordained Deacon, Dec, 21, 1684; and instituted
Aug. 4, 1690, on a Presentation by " Will Grahame,
S.T.P." Bishop Nicolson in his Diary thus notes his
Induction on Aug. 6, 1690 : — -
Inducted Mr. Moon into ye Vicaridges of Edenhal and Langwathby.*
A number of entries relating to his family appear in the
Registers. After referring to " several excesses " of which
he had been guilty. Bishop Nicolson, under date Sept. 28,
1702, says : —
He promis'd (before my brother John) that he would never for
the future drink in a public House betwixt meals, nor in a private one
(at any time) to excess ; agreeing that if this promise were broken or
that he should be ever prov'd to be guilty (as heretofore) of scandalous
swearing, he should be immediately suspended.*
Whether he kept his promise we have no means of
knowing; but he held the living for 40 years after the
Bishop's reprimand. The following notice of his burial
is in the Registers : —
June the 3, 1743 Mr. George Moon Vikar of Edenhall was hurried.
Connected with Edenhall is Langwathby, a Chapel of
Ease, which has separate Registers beginning with 1576.
They contain, however, little of use for our purpose. The
place has been served from the earliest times by the Yicar
of Edenhall, who in Commonwealth days is called an
1. Trans. (N. S.), vol. i, p. 29.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 413.
3. Trans. (N. S.), vol. i, p. 35.
4. Ibid., vol. ii, p. 182.
Edenhall
449
" Itinerant." The Registers give the name of Thomas
Maplett in 1610; and Edward Edmondson, a Curate,
appears in them in 1618. The Episcopal Register,
Carlisle, also has : " John Bell de Langwathby ordained
Priest March 16, 1678-9." Whether he served here does
not appear.
A D
III. NEWTON REIGNY.
This place is about two miles north west of Penrith.
The Church is dedicated to St. John ; the Registers, a
Transcript of which by the late Rev. Henry Whitehead, is
in the Jackson Library, beg-in in 1572. Jefferson, who gives
three names for the Century with which we are concerned,
makes the sweeping statement that " no list of incumbents
is now to be recovered, excepting those included in the
above notices [anterior to 1593] and the few hereafter
following." 1 Clearly the Registers had not been
examined. The following names which concern our period
have been recovered : —
Edv^ard Nicholson, 1593.
In all probability he was a native of the district.
" Sir Edward Nicholson Clerke " appears as witness to the
Will of Christopher Threlkeld of Melmerby in 1569.^
Foster has the following: — "Nicholson Edward, of
Cumberland, pleb. Queen's Coll. matric. 15 Nov., 1605,
aged 16; B.A. 30 April, 1610, M.A. 8 July, 1613."
" Nicholson Edward S. RoL, of Newton, Cumberland,
pp. Queen's Coll. matric. 14 Dec, 1682, aged 19." ^
Possibly these were connections. Nicolson and Burn give
1593 as the year of Edward Nicholson's death, and refer
to him as " Curate." * The Registers say that he was
" buryed the xxij Day [Dec.]."
Robert Troutbeck, 1593—1636.
The Registers state that " Robert Troutbecke, Clerke,
was admitted Yicear or Curat of Newton and entered to
serve the xvj Day of December Regn. Eliz. 36, in Ano
Dni 1593." Doubtless the person of this name who
appears among the occasional preachers at Watermillock
1. Hist, of Leath Ward, p. 151.
2. Vide p. 383.
3. AI. Ox.
4. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 395.
Newton Reigny 451
from 1604 to 1632/ and his marriage on June 5th, 1604,
to Mary Wilkinson is noted in the Registers. In
reference to him Foster has the following: — "Of
Cumberland, pleb. Queen's Coll. matric. 29 Oct., 1591,
aged 19, B.A. July 1595, M.A. 4 July 1598;
rector of Whitfield, Northumberland, 1623-33." If this
be correct he was, for the greater part of the time, a
Pluralist. Possibly this is the person who was ordained
Deacon Dec. 22, 1622. His two sons, Robert and Anthony,
both graduated B.A. in Queen's College, the former in
1622, and the latter in 1624-5. There was an Edward
Troutbeck, B.A., probably a connection, Rector also of
Whitfield, in 1572.^ For further information respecting
the Troutbeck family the reader is referred to George
Troutbeck of Bowness.^ Robert Troutbeck died in 1636,
and his burial entry reads thus : —
1636 Jan. 11. Sir Robert Troutbeck curat of Newton S. [Sepult].
The Registers also give the following, the Robert
Troutbeck here named being probably the son of the
Newton " curat," and the Oxford graduate, above cited :
Marye W. of Mr. Robert Troutbecke of Blenkhow 1665/6 Jany 15.
Sept.
A person of this name also, who is given as B.A. and
" de Bownas," was ordained Deacon, Sept. 20, 1668, and
Priest Sept. 5, 1670.'*
James Pearson, 1636 — 1676.
The Registers state that " J. Pearson entered and was
admitted Minister unto NeAvton Church " Jan. 15, 1636-7.
His Augmentation . is dealt with in the following : —
Cumberland. Att the Comittee for plundered Ministers.
September 26 Anno Dni 1646.
By vertue of an order of both houses of Parliament of the second
of May last It is ordered that the yearlie sume of ffortie pounds bee
allowed and paid out of such of the profitts of the Impropriate
Rectorie of Newton in the Countie of Cumberland Sequestred from
William Carleton Delinquent ffarmer thereof under the Bishopp of
1. Vide p. 514.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Vide p. 603.
4- Episcopal Register.
452 The Ejected of 1662
Carlile to and for increase of the Maintenance of Mr. James Pearson
Minister of the pish Church of Newton aforesaid his psent Main-
tenance being but Twelve pounds p ann. And the Sequestrators of
the pmisses are required to allow and pay the same accordingly at
such times and seasons of the yeare as the said profitts shall grow
due and payable.
Gilbt. Millington. '
Newton. Dec. 3, 1647.
Whereas this Cotee have the 26th of Septembr 1646 grted 401i a
yeare out of the profitts of the Impropriate Rectorie of Newton in
the Countie of Cumberland Sequestred from Wm. Carlton delinqnt
ffarmer thereof under the Bpp of Carlile to & for increase of the
maintenance of ^Ir. James Pearson Minister of the pish Church of
Newton aforesaid It is ordered that the Sequestratrs of the pmisses
doe forthwth paie unto the sd Mr. Pearson the sd 40li a yeare
togeather wth the arreares thereof yet unpaid Or shew Cause to the
Contrarie before this Comittee on the 29th daie of ffebruarie next.2
Newton. Martii 1, 1648.
Whereas this Comittee have the 26th of Septembr 1646 graunted
the yearely summe of fourty pounds out of the pfitts of the Imppriate
Rcory of Newton in the County of Cumberland sequestred from
Willm Carleton delinqnt ffarmr thereof under the Bpp of Carlile
for increase of the maintence of Mr. James Pearson Minister of the
pish Church of Newton aforesd upon the humble peticon of the
sd Mr. Pearson It is ordered that Henry Robinson John Clarke John
Readman & William filetcher Sequestratrs of the prmisses doe from
time to time pay the Same to the said Mr. Pearson together wth all
arreares thereof to him due by virtue of the said order. ^
The Registers contain the following : —
1642 Aug. 29. Mary d. of James Pearson Cler. B. [bap.].
1672 Dec. 21. Margret W. to James Pearson Curat of Newton,
Sept.
His own burial entry is given in the f ©Rowing terms : —
1676/7 Mar. 1. James Pearson Curat of Newton Sept.
Jefferson says : — " In the way to the pulpit are these
doggrel lines to the memory of a curate of this parish : —
Under lyeth james pearson here,
Curate of this place forty year;
1. S.P. Dom. Inter., F. 1 (Record Office). Duplicated in Bodleian
MS. 323.
2. Bodl. MS. 325.
3. Ibid.
Newton Reigny 453
Who biiryed was March the first,
I hope his soul in heaven doth rest.
Anno Dom. 1676." ^
From this it would appear that James Pearson's ministry
was continuous through all the changes of the times.
Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1704, says: —
There's a Chasm in it [the Register] in the time of the late Civil
Warrs; which is laid to the Charge of Mr. Pearson, grandfather to
Mr. James Pearson now Practitioner of Physick in Penrith. 2
The Pearsons were a local family.
Hugh Newton, 1676 — 1707.
The Episcopal Hegister says that he obtained a license
to read prayers in the Parish Church of Soulby Jan. 22,
1664—5 ; also that he was ordained Deacon Sept. 20, 1665,
and Priest Sept. 20, 1668, being Curate at Ousby in that
year. ^ He was collated to Newton March 15, 1676.
The Registers give the following : —
1686 May 9
Collected in the Parish Church of Newton the sume of one pound
and three shillings and in going from house to house in the week day
for the distressed ffrench protestants by me Hugh Newton curate and
James Bolraer and Robert Hasty Church wardens.
Bishop Nicolson, in 1704, says that the present " Curate is
Mr. John Newton; a poor old Man, of Qualifications
suitable for ye preferment." ^ This must be a mistake for
Hugh Newton : for in an account of the Curate's income
for that year the signature is that of " Hugh Newton
Minister of Newton." ^ In his Diary Nicolson says : —
1705 June 11. Mundy. Old Mr. Newton in ye morning very
impatient till he sees what Q. Ann's Bounty will do for him. 6
He resigned in 1707.
1. Hist, of Leath Ward, p. 152.
2. Miscel., p. 146.
3. Vide p. 389.
4. Miscel., p. 146.
5. Ibid., p. 238.
6- Trans. (N.S.), vol. iii, p. 12.
lY. GREYSTOKE.
In older documents " Graystock," " Graistock," or
"Grastoke." It is a moderate sized village, some five miles
east of Penrith, the Howards and the Huddlestons being
long connected with the neighbourhood. Its Church, a
fine massive structure, has much about it of interest to
the antiquarian and is dedicated to St. Andrew. The
Registers, which are in an excellent state of preservation,
are exceedingly rich. The Parish was originally very
large, consequently the entries are numerous. The earlier
volume, which begins in 1559, has several gaps up to
1622. It is oblong, and bound in thick leather, the
writing in the main being easily deciphered. The
Registers have been transcribed by the present Rector
and are in the hands of the publisher. The list of
Incumbents is as follows : —
Leonard Lowthee, 1597- — 1609.
He was presented by Richard Lowther of Lowther,
Esquire, and was a Pluralist, being Rector of Lowther
also.^ His burial, at Lowther Church, is thus given in
the Grey stoke Registers: —
1609 December Sun the third day was buried Mr. Leonard
Lowther parson of Graystocke and Lowther wch Mr. Lowther depted
to the mercy of God the same day and was buried at Lowther
Church.
He had previously held the Great Orton and Bowness
livings.^
Heney Robinson, M.A., D.D., 1609—1616.
Foster gives the following respecting him : — " Tabarder
Queen's Coll., B.A. 12 July, 1572, fellow 1572, M.A. 20
June, 1575, B.D. 10 July, 1582, D.D. 6 July, 1590, provost
1. Vide p. 1234.
2. Vide pp. 227, 600.
Greystoke
455
of his college 1582-98, principal of St. Edmund Hall
1576-81, member of Gray's Inn 1601, rector of Fairstead,
Essex, 1580, bishop of Carlisle 1598, until his death 13th
of the calends of July, 1616, buried in the college chapel."^
He held the Greystoke living in commendam.
Jerome Waterhouse, M.A., B.D., 1616—1632/3.2
The following from the Registers supplies us with much
interesting information respecting him : —
1632-3 ffebruarie 19 daye Being Tewsdaye was Buryed Mr.
Jierome Waterhouse Batcher of Divinitie was sometymes ffellowe of
Trinitie Colledge in Cambridge, and departed this lyfe upon Mondaye
morning about fower of the Clock when he had beene pson of Gray-
stock xvi yeares vii months and xvii dayes.
His daughter, Mary, married Lancelot Fletcher of
T.allentire, and it was their daughter, Dorothy, who
became the wife of George Larkham, the Ejected Minister
of Cockermouth. George Larkham says that his daughter
Eliza was buried with her great grandmother Waterhouse,
who would be the widow of Jerome Waterhouse, in Birstal
choir, near Leeds. ^ In all probability she was a native of
that district which appears to have been the home of the
Waterhouse family. Jonas Waterhouse, M.A., a graduate
of St. John's, Cambridge, described as " a moderate
Nonconformist," ejected from a Curacy in Bradford, was
" the son of Henry Waterhouse of Tooting," whose family
originally belonged to Bradford.*
In Lord William Howard's " Household Books " is the
following : —
Rewards Dec. 16 18 To the Parson of Graystock's man bringing
40 hens vs. 5
1. Al. Ox.
2. In the Watermillock list of preachers (vide p. 515) is Samuel Hilton
"Minister of Graistocke." Probably he was simply Curate. In the list
the Incumbents are called "Vicar" or "Parson." William Morland is
so called after 1640 when the living fell to him ; previously when he was
serving as Curate he appears as "Minister."
3. Vide p. 695.
4- Thoresby's Diaries, vol. i, p. 60 note ; vide also Dale's Yorkshire
Puritanism and Nonconformity, p. 164.
5. P. 88.
456 The Ejected of 1662
This would be Jerome Waterhoiise. Previously he was at
Kirkby Lonsdale for a short time.^
William Pettie, B.D., 1633— 1639 '40.
He was instituted July 31, 1633, on a Presentation by
" Comes Arundell et Surrey." Foster gives the following
in reference to a person of this name who may possibly
be identified with the Greystoke Minister : — " Of
Southants, gent. St. Alban Hall, matric. 14 May, 1602,
aged 16 : B.A. 8 June, 1605, M.A. 19 April, 1608, B.D.
10 March, 1620-1, vicar of Thorley, Isle of Wight, 1614."2
There is a curious entry in the Registers, which would
suggest that William Pettie was somewhat of an absentee,
while it contains a name of considerable interest : —
November 1633 3 daye Baptized Thomas the Somie of William
Toddhunter of Bowskale the first childe that our Mr. William
Morleand the substitute of Mr. William Pettie the pson of Graystock
did Baptize after his entrie.
This William Morland is to be identified with the person
of that name who follows; and it would appear that already
he was a kind of Curate for William Pettie. In corrobora-
tion is the statement in Lord Howard's "Household Books"
thus : —
Oct. 11, 1634 To Mr. Morlan Person of Graystock for a Gratuitie
at my Lords buriall xls 3
William Morland, M.A., 1639/40—1650.
As already intimated, he was probably Curate for
William Pettie before being appointed to the living; and
in 1630 he was Schoolmaster at Kirkby Stephen. At this
place, mainly at his expense, " a handsome little school
building " was erected in 1659. 4 He was instituted to
Greystoke March 6, 1639/40; and in that year he com-
pounded for his First Fruits. In the usual full and
interesting style, which is quite a feature of these
Registers, his Induction is thus noted: —
1. Vide p. 1010.
•2- Al. Ox.
3. P. 355.
4. Nicolson and Burn, vol. i, p. 548.
Greystoke 457
March ii, 1639 Be it knowne yt Willm Morland ~SIt. of Artes
of Jesus Colledge in Cambridge was Inducted into this Rectory of
Graystocke by Lan. Dawes Dr of divinitie vicar of Barton in West-
merland March ii. 1639.
About 1650 William Morland was ejected on the ground
of insufl&ciency and scandalousness ; and though he
appealed through his solicitor, John Musgrave, to the
central Committee in London, the decision went against
him. ^ Walker says " he had no Fifths paid him. "- The
Fifths were not usually paid to the Sequestered Minister,
but to his wife for the maintenance of herself and
children.
West or Westox, 1650 — 1652.
In the brief Sketch of John Xoble appended to the
Sermon in his memory 3 is the following : —
In the year 1650 Mr. West was sent a zealous Preacher and one
mighty in Prayer but sickly and he soon died of a consumption.
Walker repeats the story of " one West " succeeding
Morland, adding that "he died in about two yeares time,"*
the information having been supplied by Thos. Gibbon. °
The present Rector, E-ev. A. M. Maclean, B.A., and the
Rev. J. H. Colligan, who was then in charge of the Pres-
byterian cause at Penruddock, a little distance away,
claim to have discovered the burial entry of West in the
Greystoke Registers; but they give the name as "Weston."
Unfortunately, as is not infrequently the case, the page
of the Register fails us at the critical moment. It is one
of the worst faded in the book; but the following is the
reading given by the two gentlemen just named : —
1654 Sept. died 13th day 15 day buried V. Weston the p'son of
Greystoke.
A careful examination of the page leaves the conviction
that a definite pronouncement is not possible. Certainly
1. Vide p. 629.
2. Walker, Pt. II, p. 306.
3. Vide p. 1264.
4. Walker, Pt. II, p. 306.
5. Vide p. 369.
458 The Ejected of 1662
the above reading is open to serious doubt. It is somewhat
unlikely that both the author of the John Noble Sketch
and Walker would err in reference to the name; and if
"West" is the correct name it is difl&cult to conceive of any
clerk blundering to the extent of writing "Weston." It is
not quite the sort of error that a scribe would make.
Certainly the least decipherable word in the entry is the
name. Then the date is late : for Walker gives to West
a ministry of about two years. A more formidable
difl&culty, however, presents itself in another direction.
Among the signatories of the letter to Richard Baxter
from the Cumberland Ministers is that of " Ri Gilpin
Pastor at Graystock," ^ This letter bears date Sept. 1,
1653, and is written from Penrith; so that even at that
time Richard Gilpin had been at Greystoke more than
twelve months before the burial of West or Weston in
1654. This fact throws considerable suspicion upon the
reading above given and points to a much earlier date
for West's death. The use also of " Y." if intended for
" Yicar " in conjunction with " p'son " is exceptional.
Altogether the evidence suggests that the reading above
cited cannot be accepted as correct.
The foregoing passage was written months ago, and as
it contains an interesting history of the elucidation of a
difficult reading it is allowed to remain. Since then,
however, the Registers have been examined by Mr. Henry
Brierley, Secretary of the Lancashire Parish Registers'
Society, and the following is the reading given : —
Buried 15 September 1652, died 13th Mr. Weston Parson of
Graistocke.
It will thus be seen that whilst "Weston" is retained
the date is the one suggested in the above passage. The
retention of the name is curious ; and I confess that I do
not take kindly to "Weston," though in view of Mr.
Brierley's finding I dare not question the correctness of
the reading. It is doubtful if evidence is ever likely to
be forthcoming sufficient to determine whether the
1. Vide p. 89.
Grey stoke 459
Greystoke Clerk erred in the name, or Walker and the
author of the John Noble Sketch were the delinquents.
Richard Gilpix, M.A., M.D., 16521—1660.
He was a grandson of Richard Gilpin, who was brother
to Bernard Gilpin, the illustrious Protestant preacher
of Elizabeth's days, and whose ministry was mainly
exercised in the County of Durham, his self sacrificing
labours earning for him the title of "Apostle of the
North." The Gilpins were an old Westmorland family,
fixed at Kentmere, near Kendal, from, at least, the days
of King John ; and Richard Gilpin was the son of Isaac
Gilpin. The entry of his baptism in the Kendal Registers
is as follows : —
October 23, 1625 Eichard son of Isaac Gilpin, of Strickland
Kettle.
No light appears to be forthcoming in reference to his
early life and education. Dr. Grosart,^ whose patient
enquiries resulted in the unearthing of much new informa-
tion respecting this distinguished man, tells a most
interesting story of searches to no profit, respecting his
University career instituted at Oxford and Glasgow. It
is singular that Dr. Grosart did not carry his enquiries
to the sister Scottish Univei-sity at Edinburgh, for there
he would have found the object of his quest. That was
Gilpin's Alma Mater, where he took Medicine first and
Divinity afterwards. His name appears in the list of
M.A. graduates thus : —
July 30, 1646 Ricardus Gilpin Minister verbi in Anglia.'
Equally barren, Dr. Grosart informs us, his endeavours to
1. In keeping with the idea that West died in 1654 Mr. Colligan in
his booklet — "Three Penruddock Puritans" — gives the date of Gilpin's
accession to Greystoke as 1654, which is obviously incorrect. The
Tablet in Penruddock Chapel also recently erected to "the inspiring
memory" of three men Richard Gilpin, Anthony Sleigh and John
Noble errs in the same way. It also contains the further date error
about Gilpin in making him remain at Greystoke until 1661, whereas
he retired from the living at the end of 1660.
2- Gilpin's Daemonologia Sacra (Grosart).
3- List of Edinburgh Graduates (Bannatyne Club).
460 The Ejected of 1662
verify the statement of Calamy to the effect that before
his appointment to Greystoke he was " a Preacher in
Lambeth at the Savoy, where he was assistant to Dr.
Wilkins, and at Durham." " His presentation to the
Living of Greystoke in Cumberland," says Dr. Grosart,
" is really the first definite fact we have of this kind." The
Rev. Wm. Gilpin, a great grandson of Richard Gilpin, is
almost as disappointing, in reference to this part of his
ancestor's life. He merely says that he " applyed the first
years of his life to the study of physic. But feeling a
stronger inclination to divinity he laid aside all thoughts
of practising as a physician and changing entirely the
course of his studies, he took his degrees in divnity; but
at what university I find no account." It is, however,
certain that the Gilpin family were resident in Durham
about this time. In the suggested "Durism" Classis appears
" Mr. Isaacke Gilpin " as an Elder in 1645 ; and, about
1649, he receives £10. Os. Od. from the proceeds of the
Dean and Chapter Lands as " Usher " of a school in
Durham.^ This would be Richard Gilpin's father, who
married Anne, daughter of Ralph Tonstall, of Coatham
Mundeville, Durham. ^ It should also be remembered that
this was the County where Bernard Gilpin, his distin-
guished ancestor, exercised his wonderful ministry. The
following is still further confirmatory: —
July 1646.
Pet. of Isaac Gilpin of City of Durham to the Comrs. for Com-
pounding at Westminster That before these late troubles petitioner
suffered much injury under the prelatical faction and their agents.
That in the time of the Earl of Newcastle's [domination] himself and
family were thurst out of their dwelling by mandamus from that
Earl, whereupon his house was then seized and much of his house-
hold stuff wasted. He was then forced to disperse his family, and
himself afterwards was taken prisoner by the troops under Colonel
Clavering, but shortly delivered out of their hands. Since then he
has been constantly employed in the Parliam.ent's service, both by
Commissioners from the Parliament and by Committees of the County,
and his diligent and faithful service therein was certified from the
1. Shaw's Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii. pp. 368, 551.
2. Gilpin Memoirs and Pedigree by W. Jackson, F.S.A.
Grey stoke 461
Grand Jury of the County at Michaelmas Sessions last to the Right
Honourable Sir Henry Vane. The Committee for Revenue about
July 1646 granted to him the Keeper's place of Bear Park [near
Durham], which now upon sale thereof is taken away from him,
being the only reward he had for his Service. That since the time
when the Scots had taken Berwick and Carlisle and were making
their approaches, petitioner, at his own charge, furnished himself
and his son with horses and arms and assisted those few of the
Militia who then acted for raising forces in the County for its
defence, and so continued for 6 months together without any recom-
pense, his son being yet in the Parliament's service. In this service
he lost several valuable horses, and has had little or no benefit all
this time from his poor estate. He having grown old, now prays
that you would be a means to procure for him the place of Keeper
[of Bear Park] or some other allowance, that so he may maintain
his family and his Soul may bless the Parliament.'
But Richard Gilpin is definitely named as one of the
Ministers of the Cathedral Church of Durham about 1649,
receiving as salary £117. 9s. Od. for a period of nine
months. 2 In the " Memoir of Alderman Barnes " it is
stated that he " administered the Lord's Supper to a small
congregation in Durham, hut not having his health there,
he removed to Cumberland, and was made parson of
Graystoke, a benefice of £300 a year." ^
The precise date of his Presentation to Greystoke cannot
be ascertained, but the evidence points to 1652, the year
of West's death. Richard Gilpin was in large measure
the father of the Cumberland Association, whose origin
Dr. Shaw very properly says " was contemporary with, if
not earlier than, that of the Worcestershire one."'' The
date of the latter was some time before May, 1653, the
"Agreement" being issued July 10, 1653. It was the
publication of this document which drew forth the letter
to Richard Baxter, dated Sept. 1, 1653, signed by Richard
Gilpin and other Ministers, in which it is said that "before
1- Cal. S. P. Papers for 1645-7, p. 461 : vide also the Masy Letters,
p 920.
2. Shaw's Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 531.
3- Surtees Soc, vol. 50, p. 142.
4 Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii, p. 444.
462
The Ejected of 1662
we had heard of your book we had undertaken a work of a
like nature." ^ It is clear also from the letter in question
that the work met with considerable difficulty and required
time ; besides which it is scarcely likely that E-ichard
Gilpin, quite fresh upon the scene, would be in a position
of influence such as to found a movement of that kind.
Late, therefore, in 1652, or very early in 1653, he must
have been settled at Greystoke. Dr. Grosart says that he
" had married shortly after coming to Greystoke ; but,
curiously enough, the lady's name has not been preserved
in any of the numerous family papers put into my hands."
Referring later to Gilpin's return from Holland in 1676
with his M.D. Diploma, he says that by this time he " was
married to his second wife, a daughter of a Cumberland
Squire, Brisco or Briscoe of Crofton Hall." Dr. Grosart
has confused matters here. The lady whom Richard
Gilpin married shortly after his advent to Greystoke was
the "daughter" of the "Cumberland Squire" ; and the
name has been "preserved," as the Thursby Registers
testify : —
1656 Sept 16 'Sir. Eichard Gilpin & Mrs. Susana Brisco of
Crofton was Married.
This error in reference to Gilpin's second marriage is
also repeated in the excellent account of him in the
" Dictionary of National Biography " from the pen of the
Rev. A. Gordon, M.A. She survived him many years,
dying in 1715. Dr. Grosart gives the names of only two
of Gilpin's children who were baptized at Greystoke ; but
three of them have been discovered : —
1657 September. Borne ye 5th Day in ye afternoone and ye 23
Day Baptized William the Sonne of Mr. Richard Gilpin p'son of
Graistocke.
Borne ye 12 day July io58 and 22 was Baptized Isaac ye sonne
of Mr. Richard Gilpin pson of Gr.
1659 Susanna ye Daughter of Mr. Gilpin pson of Graestocke was
Borne ye 17th day of Nov. and Baptized ye 7th of December 1659.
In all, however, thirteen children were born to him:
and the marriage of Ann to Jeremiah Sawrey of Broughton
1- Rel. Bax., p. 162.
Grey stoke 463
Tower, is thus given in the Registers of Crosthwaite near
Kendal : —
Mr. Jeremiah Sawrey & Mrs Ann Gilpin Nupt. 2 April 1688.
In reference to this match, the author of Barnes's
Memoir has the following : —
Mr. Jeremy Sawry, a very deformed crooked man, had been
refused by many women, but Dr. Gilpin accepted his offer, and got
his daughter Ann by that means settled in this family, which was
always well spoken of for their humility, piety and sobriety.'
Richard Gilpin did not wait for the Uniformity Act of
1662 : he retired from Greystoke, according to the
decision of the Convention Parliament of Sept., 1660,
which allowed the reversion of the living to the Seques-
tered Incumbent, if still alive. He preached the Assize
Sermon at Carlisle on Sept. 10, 1660, being probably
still at Greystoke; but he was gone before the following
February as the Registers show : —
Anno Regni Caroli Secundi &c. decimo tertio Annoq. dom. 1660-1
Mensis Ffebruarii 2 was William Hodgson of Little Blencow Chosen
Parrish Clarke of Graystocke by William Morland Kector.
As with his distinguished ancestor, Bernard Gilpin,
Richard Gilpin had the offer of the Bishopric of Carlisle,
and in his case, as in the other, the offer was refused; and
seeing that Richard Sterne was consecrated on Dec. 2,
1660,2 l\^Q offer must have been made before that date.
It would, therefore, appear that near the close of 1660
he was replaced at Greystoke by the old Rector. "During
his incumbency," says Dr. Grosart, " he had invested what
* monies ' he had at his disposal in the purchase from the
Musgraves of the Castle and small estate of Scaleby, near
Carlisle, — filling up the amount of the purchase-money
by a mortgage. Thither accordingly he retired into
privacy; — he was wont to assemble his employes and
neighbours in a ' great room ' of the old Castle — originally
a Border-fortalice erected against the Scots — and there
* preach ' to them on the Sabbaths." The following in-
1. P. 142.
2. Gilpin Memoirs by Eev. W. Gilpin, p. 9 note.
464 The Ejected of 1662
teresting note is added by Charles Bernard Gilpin, Esq.,
Juniper Green, Edinburgh : — "A good old aunt of mine
— mother of the present [1887] Mr. Eawcett of Scaleby
Castle — took particular pride in shewing a certain very
large room in her Castle. Her theory was that this was
one of the great attractions of the place in Dr. Gilpin's
view : for here he would have room enough to preach to
as many people as were likely to attend, and liberty also :
Scaleby as she observed, being at just such a distance
from Carlisle as to place him beyond the operation of the
Conventicle Act."
In an Inquisition respecting the " Manors of Scaleby
and Kirklinton (Cumberland) lately belonging to Sir
Edwd Musgrave Knt. and Bart. Customs and tenures "
taken at " Riccargate near Carlisle," Oct. 20, 1669, with
Richard Gilpin as defendant the following appear as
plaintiffs : — Chresr. Hewett, Thos. Gibson Thos. Bulman
John Dalton, John James, John Nicholson, James Grame,
John Bulman, John Gibson, John Matteson, Peter Grame,
Mich. Furnate, Chresr Taylor, Chresr Pierson, Wm
Goodfellow, John Palmer, Robt James, Wm. James,
Rowld James, Andw Linnex, Richd Dalton, Robt James,
Thos Palmer, George Simpson, John Furnate, John
Peirson, and Edmond Blacklock. Among the witnesses
" Robert preistman of Kirklinton in the County of
Cumberld Clerk and Rector of Scaleby, aged sixty yeares
or thereabouts " is " sworne and examined by the sd
Comrs." 1
In keeping with the spirit of the time Edmund
Sandf ord, referring to Scaleby, says : —
Tt was sometime the estate of Sir Edward Musgrave of Hayton
baronet, but now sold to Mr. Gilpin a quondam preacher of the
fanatical Parliament, and his wife Mr. Brisco's daughter of Crofton,
brethren of Confusion in their brains, knew what they would not
have but knew not what they would have if they might chuse.2
In this retreat Gilpin " administered medical advice
1. Ex. Dep. Mich. 22 (Record Office).
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, 459.
Grey stoke 465
among many of his poor neighbours," besides attending
to their " spiritual wants " ; and how greatly he was
respected and revered will be evident from the fact that
it was believed for long years after his death that " he
had laid the Devil, as they phrased it, in a morass not
far from his house." In the account of Mary Wilson,
"The Virgin Saint," he is named as medical adviser
during her last illness. 1
As early, however, as 1663, Gilpin formed intimate
relationships with the Newcastle Nonconformists, and
from his home at Scaleby he was accustomed to journey
over and preach to them. Hence Bishop Cosin, in that
year, urges the Mayor of Newcastle to look sharply after
the " Caterpillars," mentioning "William Durant, Henry
Lever, Richard Gilpin and John Pringle as ringleaders.
About 1668 he was invited by " a large congregation "^
of Nonconformists there, and the invitation was accepted.
At this time persecution was rife, and how he fared in
his new sphere of labour the following from Depositions
in York Castle relating to offences shows : —
clxxvi. Richard Gilpin, Clerk and othei-s. For holding a Con-
venticle. Aug. 4, 1669. Before Ralph Jenison, Mayor of Newcastle,
Cuthbert Nicholson, cordyner saith that upon Sunday last, about
five or six of the clock in the morneing, he did see a great nomber of
people goe into the howse of Mr. Richard Gilpyn, minister in the
White Freers, and, afterward, he went to parson Jon Shaw, and
acquainted him with the premisses. Whereupon the said Mr. Shaw
togeither with the church wardens, constables, and sergeants-att-
mace, by the comaund of Mr. Maior, did repaire to the said Richard
Gilpin's howse. And when they came there all the dores were shutt
and made fast. And after the dores were broken open he did see
these severall persons come out, viz. Robert Johnson, merchant, Dr.
Tunstall, Wm. Cutter, James Hargraves, merchant, Wm. Hutchin-
son, George Headlyn, fitter, Charles Newton, gent., Humphrey Gill,
gent., Jno. Bittleston, tanner, Matthew Soulsbey, roper, Michael
Jobling, pullymaker, Robert Finley, chapman, and diverse other
persons to the nomber of fortie. 2
1. Vide p. 341.
2. Depositions from York Castle (Surtees Soc, vol. 40), p. 172.
A E "
466 The Ejected of 1662
The Conventicle Returns also for 1669 within the
Deanery of Northumberland give the following : —
Att Newcastle
four Ringleaders & Speakers
Mr. Gilpin
Mr. Durant
Mr. Prindle
Mr. Lever, i
In like manner the following letter vividly illuminates
the situation and shows how excited the times were : —
The information and complaint of Mr. Thomas Naylor Minister
in the Chiefe Church of the Towne of Newcastle upon Tyne in his
Letter addressed to the Bishop of Durham and Dated Novembr 16
1668.
Upon the 1st of November last being Sunday and All Saints-Day
there was a publick Meeting in the Barber-Chirurgeon's Hall at
Newcastle of about 500 persons (who call'd themselves the Congrega-
tion of Saints) headed and led thither by one Gilpin (a man
notoriously knowne to be disaffected to the King's Government) who at
this Meeting caused the 149 Psalm in Meeter to be Sung by all his
Congregation of Saints vizt.
Sing yee unto the Lord our God
A new rejoycing Song.
And let the praise of him be heard
His holy Saints among, &c.
For why ? the Lord his pleasure all
Hath in his people set :
And by deliverance he will raise
The Meeke to Glory Great
With glory & with Honour now
Let all his Saints rejoyce &c.
And in their hands eke let them beare
A double edged Sword
To plague the Heathen & Correct
The people with their Hands :
To bind their Stately Kings in Chains
Their Lords in Iron Bands
To execute on them the Doome
That written is before
This Honour all his Saints shall have
Praise yee the Lord therefore.
1. lenison MSS. (Lambeth Library), 639.
Greystoke 467
Whereby they gave notice to all others in the Town & Country
about what the Seditious Designes of these Meetings are in applying
this Psalme to themselves and to their own ill-intended purposes.
This Gilpin has lately heretofore much molested the Counties of
Westmorland & Cumberland, & was therefore so farr prosecuted by
Sr Phillip Musgrave's Legall proceedings against him, that he made
him Leave that Country & fearing lest hee might doe as much Mis-
chiefe in another & especially by harbouring himselfe in the Towne
of Newcastle hee gave Notice thereof that heed might be taken of
him & his evill Designes prevented before he came there.
Besides this Gilpin there is one Durant & another one Leaver, & yet
another one Pringle who joyned themselves together & keep great
assemblies of People in Houses at Newcastle as being the Heads &
Ringleader."! of the Disaffected persons there in great Multitudes.
The present Maior of Newcastle hath forbidden them all to meet
any more at so publick a place as the Chirurgeon's Hall & as yet I
heare of no further proceedings against them. But the Town is much
Disquieted & endangered by them.
Jo. Durisme [pen through].
[Endorsed :] A Copy of the Complaint and Information of Mr.
Naylor New Castle Concerning Conventicles sent to my Lord
Arlington.
Nov. 26, 1668.'
How eager Gilpin's enemies were to do him an ill turn
is evident from the following : —
Carlisle ffeb 19th, 167i.
Sr.
The Knowledg of yr great tendernes ffor ye afflicted incourages
mee to offer as an obiect ffit ffor yr charitable consideration, the
unhappy condition of my poor Neighbour Chris. Pearieson, who by a
chance blow killed his ffriend. Upon ye strictest inquisition it will
appeare to be but manslaughter, but yt makes a fforfeiture of his
Land & goods to ye utter mine of his wife & many poor children.
I hope all circumstances weighed it will not appeare an unreasonable
request to intreat yr flavour in procureing his Maties pardon, whereby
you give a being to his poor family & prevent ye gratifying his Land Ld
Mr. Gilpin a great phanatique & ye most dangerous person in ye
ffoure Northerne Countys. The flavour you shew in this affaire must
particularly be acknowledged by him who is withall duly
Sr yr most obliged
& humble Servant
Chris : Musgrave.
1. Walker MSS., C. 1, No. 227.
468 The Ejected of 1662
My wife presents her
most humble service «
to you.
19 Febr. 167^ K .
Sr Chr. Musgrave
Pierson's forfeiture.*
The letter was sent to Sir Joseph Williamson and
Pearson's pardon was obtained.
At Newcastle Bichard Gilpin had a valuable friend in
Alderman Barnes, who more than once protected him in
the hour of peril. The author of the Memoir of that
distinguished man says : —
When the Five Mile Act came out Dr. Gilpin lodged at Mr.
Barnes his house for more security. When his goods were destrained.
upon, Mr. Barnes to prevent their being squandered away, repledged
them. These good offices contracted a friendship between them.
They placed out their eldest sons at the inns of court together. And
when there was a design to bannish the Doctor from Newcastle, Mr.
Barnes, by persuading the Magistrates of his great usefulness in the
town, by his skill in physick, procured him quietness to the end of
King Charles his reign. He claimed to be of Bernard Gilpin's line,
and had his scutcheon pinned at his coffin.2
Gilpin availed himself of the Indulgence Declaration
and licensed "Scarby" [Scaleby] Castle, wrongly placed
in Northumberland, on Sept. 5, 1672, as a " Pr. [Presby-
terian] preaching place. Curiously enough, however, the
house of " Richard Gilpine," in Newcastle-on-Tyne, is
licensed for " Cong " worship. In 1676 he proceeded ta
Leyden, and took the M.D. degree, though previous to
this he had been styled " Doctor." The following is the
record from the Students' Inscriptions : —
Richard Gulpin Cumbridus obtained his degrees July 6, 1676
post disputationem privatam de Historia Hystericae Passionis medi-
cinae doctor renunciatus est a clarissimo Kraame.
Also
Richard Gilpin — Med. Candid, anno 50. apud Prof. Spinaeus die
xxix Julii 1676.
During his Newcastle ministry it would seem that he
1. S. P. Dom. Car. ii, 303, p. 52.
2. Surtees Soc, vol. 50, p. 142.
Greystoke 469
retained his connection with Scaleby Castle. " By the
encouragement his ministry met with from the liberality
of the people and his emoluments by the practice of physic
he raised a considerable sum," and so was able to free his
Cumbrian home from all debt. " Very pleasant," says
Dr. Grosart, '' must have been those holiday ' escapes '
from smoky Newcastle to the Sylvan solitudes and bright-
ness of Scaleby, he interposed between his toils." " A
handsome meeting house " was eventually erected for
him at Newcastle and the congregation became both large
and influential. Here he laboured until death brought
him rest which was "on Tuesday Feb. 13. 1699/1700
about eight a Clock in ye morning." He was interred on
the Friday following in the Churchyard of All Saints,
Newcastle. Calamy states that " he went into the Pulpit
the last time he was in it, under a Feavourish Indis-
position, and Preach'd from 2 Cor. 5. 2. For in this we
groan earnestly ^c. and to the surprise of all, he rather
Groaned than spake this Sermon. His Lungs being at
that time too Tender for Work, his Disease seiz'd that
part, and he was brought Home in a Pere'pneuTnonia
which in 10 Days time put a Period to his Life."
Calamy 's account of him, which occupies considerable
space, is rather an appreciation of his character than an
attempt to tell the story of his life ; and he speaks without
any reserve : —
He had a large Share of Natural Abilities which he had wonder-
fully improv'd by an unwearied Industry, and long and hard Study :
So that there was scarce any thing that accomplish'd a Man, a
Scholar, a Physician, or Divine, but he Possess'd it in great Perfec-
tion . . With a clear Head and searching Skill in Divine things he
had a sincere and warm Heart. The fire of Zeal and the light of
Knowledge, accompanied one another . . . The care of the Churches
lay upon him. His unblamable Character had obtain'd amongst all,
but those whose Ill-nature would suffer them to speak well of none
who differ'd from them. He was much respected by many for the
good he had done them as a Physician. Among Persons of Rank
and Quality in the Parts where he liv'd all necessary means were
scarce thought to have been us'd, if he had not been Consulted. He
went about doing good to the Souls and Bodies of Men. This World
470
The Ejected of 1662
was not in his Eye, none could charge him with anything like
Covetousness.
It has already been stated that he was the father of the
Cumberland and Westmorland Association, and it i&
impossible to estimate the extent to which Nonconformity
in the North is indebted to him. Like his distinguished
ancestor, he also may well be called " The Apostle of the
North." What Richard Baxter was in Worcestershire,
Richard Gilpin was in the area in question. It is even
said that he accomplished the difficult feat of winning the
respect of the Quakers, who had seldom anything but the
bitterest speeches for the " priests " of every description.
Thomas Story, who was of that persuasion, was " initiated
into the study of Law " by Dr. Gilpin's son, a Councillor,
and he tells about being sent for to Scaleby Castle. In
relation to these visits, if he does not indulge much in
praise of the " ancient celebrated Preacher among the
Presbyterians," ^ he certainly does not heap upon him
abuse as he did others. Several works from Dr.
Gilpin's pen survive, but they are all exceedingly rare.
They are : — " The Agreement of the Associated Ministers
&c," which was published in 1656 ; " The Temple Rebuilt :
a Discourse on Zach, vi. 13," preached before the Asso-
ciated Ministers at Keswick, May 19, 1658, and at their
request published that year; his " Disputatio " for his
Diploma, 1676, of which a copy is in the British Museum ;
" The Comforts of Divine Love," a sermon preaclied on
the death of Timothy Manlove, published in 1700; the
Assize Sermon, previously named, which was not published
until 1700; and " Daemonologia Sacra," a considerable
volume reissued in 1872.
As already stated he had a considerable family and in
the " Gilpin Memoirs " (Jackson) a carefully constructed
pedigree of the Gilpin family will be found. A daughter,
Dorothy, married Dr. Jabez Cay, of Newcastle, to whom
Thoresby on his visit to the place, May 19, 1703, thus
refers : —
1. Life of Thomas Story, p. 30.
Grey stoke 471
To inquire for Mr. John Cay, brother to my late ingenious friend
and kind benefactor, Dr. Jabez Cay, whose death was a public loss,
as well as to me in particular. Then to visit good Mrs. Manlove
(who gave me some original papers of the late Doctor's), to her
brother Bennet ; and after to visit the widow ' of Dr. Gilpin (the pious
author of Daemonologia Sacra, &c.), and his son-in-law, Dr. Cay.^
His eldest son, "William, born at Greystoke, studied for
the law, and the following two letters from his pen while
he was a student, are of considerable interest. Matthew
Sylvester, their recipient, was a distinguished London
Nonconformist Minister to whom we are indebted for
Baxter's " Reliquiae "': —
Sr
I have not yet been so fortunate, as to be delivered from the fear
I have yt thro ye miscarriage of yt wch I writ to you upon my first
arrivall here 1 may be undr some misapprhension ; for this reason
I cannot satisfie my self without furthr securing mee from those
thoughts of neglect & forgettfulness yt possibly you may intertain ot
mee. I thought to have been at London ere this, for wn I came down
I was fully resolved to have lost no more time in ye County yn ye
long Vacation. But now I find ye Importunity of Friends & Relations
will unavoidably detain me here this winter. I see it is an easy
thing wn one first undrtakes a business of this nature to fix a
Resolution thus far I will be ingaged & no further, but wn one
really is imbargned therein it requires a more yn ordinary Steddiness
of Principles to be able not to transgress such a Resolve. Divinity
I believe can afford but too many instances of this kind : ^len can
readilier resolve yn pform any thing. Men have too great apprhen-
sions of yr strength till yu try it, and too slight thoughts of ye
Difficulties yu are to wrestle thro, till yu feel ym. But I must not
draw up a bill agt my self ; yt would betray as much unnaturalnegs
as ye other doth Humanity — Sr I have nothing of News to acquaint
you withall, wee import indeed a considerable quantity fro London,
but export none thither ; or if at any time wee venture to make you
a Return, our wares are so abominable naught & corrupt, yt wee
wondr you will take ym of or hands, witnesse our advices in a late
Gazette. My C. Hawdon hath given you an acct. I suppose of ye
Execution of ye Oxford Act. Wee are not wthout or Jealousies here
of wt ye papists may be prompted to act out of desperation, & yfore
1. Dr. Gilpin's widow, Susanna, died "on Tuesday, Jan. 18, abt.
11 a Clock at night and was interred on Friday following being Jan. 21st
1714/15." (Jackson's "Gilpin's Memoirs," p. 8 note).
2. Thoresby's Diaries, vol. i, p. 427.
472 The Ejected of 1662
in most places have a strict eye ovr ym. The Prebends of Durham
think their fears are excusable because yy [they] have so much to lose —
Wee think or writers may now leave of Countermining, for by this
time yy cannot but be sensible how much yy have yrby undermined
jr own Interest, by indeavouring to instill a belief into ye nation yt
yr is no danger to be apprehended from ye Papist & yt it was ye
Fanatic yt ye Magistrate need only be whetted agt. I Confess it was
a. meritorious piece of Service yy did yr mother in bidding her
look North, wn her greatest blow was coniinge South. I suppose yy
will not now expect an answer from ye Fanatics ; the discovery of
this Plott is a practical Confutation of all yy said. Sr
I am
Newl. Nov. 4 Yor Reall friend & Servt
78. Wm. Gilpin.
My Service to Mrs. Silvester, Mr. Smith &c.
To
Mr. Matth. Silvester at his house in Dogwell Court in White-fryars
Fleete street.
London.
These '
Revrend Sr.
I am afraid yt I have so long disappointed yor expectations of a
Ire [letter] yt you may think you have just ground to imagine yt I
am one of those yt use to forgett those yy [they] have obligations to so
Soon as ye necessity of yr affairs occasions them to be absent from
them. And indeed I must confess yr were reason to place mee
almost in ye same predicamte wth Mr. Ducase, if it were not yt yr
is something more in my case yn wt may appear to you at first view ;
and yrfore Sr I shall give you some acct of ipy selfe & yn I doubt
not but yt 1 shall obtain more favourable thoughts from you yn
othr wise 1 might have seemed to deserve. — ^ly voyage was indeed
far more tedious yn I hoped it should have proved, for, wt by an
obstinate Calm and a little Contrary Wind it was the Last of June
before 1 gott to Newl and yet notwithstanding all the tediousness of
such a voyage, for my part 1 have no reason to repent yt I chose
rather to go by sea than by land, for I may suspect yt Considering
my constitution ye heat and toil of a land Journey might possibly
have had ye same effect on me yt it had on one of Sr Wm Blackett's
sons who coming down by land wthin two or three days riding
contracted a ffeaver by it wch has cost him his life. Imediately
upon my arrivall here I was posted into Cmbrld whither I am also
to goe again to morrow, so yt I hope you will do me ye justice to
1. Baxter MSS., vol. i, in Dr. Williams's Library.
* Grey stoke 473
conclude yt this was ye first opportunity I had to assure you (Sr)
that I am
Yor vry much obliged Friend
& Servt
Wm. Gilpin.
Newl. July 20
'78.
Some Ires from Scotld assure us yt Laudrdale doth not carry
things so before him at ye Convention as at first wee were told he
did, and particularly yt Sr Patrick Hume did so vigorously oppose
his nominating ye Comittee yt he could not by any means attain jrt
point. However it is propounded to ym to consider of a ^lethod for
ye raising of ]Money to ^Maintain those forces yt have been raised in
yr Kingdome by vertue of a late act of Parleament amongst them. —
Sr Patrick was one night seized on in his own house — & Comitted
close prisonr to ye Tollboth of EdinburgTi, where he still continues.
Pray give my Service to Mrs. Silvester, to Mr. Smith [torn] Eldred
&c. Wn I am indebted to you for my poll pray lett me know & I
shall take care to discharge it.'
William Mohl.\nd, M.A., 1660—1663.
Towards the end of 1660 the Sequestered Morland
returned to his living. His Petition to the House of Lords
for restoration, presented in June, 1660, reads as follows :
To the Right Honble The Lords in Parliament Assembled.
The humble peticon of William Morland Clearke Master of Arts.
Shewith,
That the Rectory of Graystock in ye County of Cumberland was
divers yeares sequestred from yor Peticonr by the powers then in
being without due course of Law :
Therefore yor peticonr prayeth that ye Tythes Gleabes and other
profitts of the said Rectory may be secured unto ye hands of some
responsable persons untill that the Parliamnt take order therein, or
the Peticonr be restored by due Course of Law
And yor. peticonr shall
pray &c.
William Morland.
I testify that ye Peticonr haveing been Minister there for diverse
L Baxter MSS., vol. i. Vide Daemonologia, edited by Dr. Grosart ;
also Calamy, Gilpin Memoirs, Life of Thomas Story (1747), Audland's
Sermon for John Noble, Diet, of Nat. Biog. and Memoirs of
Alderman Barnes (Surtees Soc, vol. 50), for further information.
474 The Ejected of 1662
years was outed in the tyme of the late wars without any due
Course of law although an able and conscientious devine.
PHILIP MUSGRAVE.
Sr philip Musgrave of Edenhall
Knt & Baronett.
[On the outside] : —
23 of June 1660
Peticon of William Morland
Gierke.
Expd.l
William Morland did not lon^ survive his restoration.
The Registers give the following : —
1663 July the sixth day of this moneth at Sixe of the clock in
the after noone did Mr. William Morland Rector of Greystock depart
this life And was Buried the Eight day at ffive in the afternoone by
Mr. Jacob Spencer who was his Curate. 2
Alan Smallwood, D.D., 1663—1686.
He was of St. Peter's College, Cambridge, where he
became S.T.P. in 1661 " per literas Eegias." He com-
pounded for his First Fruits for Norton Dunelm in 1661,
and Greystoke in 1664, being instituted to the latter place
Dec. 3, 1663, on a Presentation by Joseph Colston, M.D.,
of London, by virtue of a grant from the Countess Dowager
of Arundel and Surrey. He was inducted on the 15th of
the same month. From the following, however, it would
appear that there was some defect in relation to the
matter : —
To the Kings Most Excellent Matie The Humble Petition of Alan
Smalwood Gierke Dr. in Divinity.
Sheweth
That your Petr since your Maties happie Restauration was by the
Rt Honoble Elizabeth Gountesse Dowager of Arundell and Surrey
presented to the Rectory of Graistock in the Gounty of Gumberland.
1. House of Lords' Library : also H.M.G., Seventh Report, Pt. i,
p. 107.
2. In the Sketch of John Noble's Life it is said that at the King's
return an attempt was made to put in one Mr. Jackson, but without
success. Two Jacksons are given as ejected from Parishes close by —
Peter from Gastle Sowerby, and John from Hutton-in-the-Forest. It
is quite possible it was one of these. (Vide pp. 488, 495.)
Grey stoke 475
He humbly prayes your Matie to be graciously pleased to confirme
him and corroborate his Title to the said Rectory.
And he shall ever pray.
[On one side] —
I am assured yt
this person is very capable
of yr Maties favour
ffeb 6, 1664. Gilb. Cant.
[On the top side] — -Dr. Smallwood.
I Date given in pencil]
6 Feb. 1664/5.'
Dr. Smallwood
Warrt for a Presentacon of Allan Smallwood ad corrob. Tit. to ye
Rectory of Graistock in ye Diocese of Carlisle Feb. 11th, 1664/5. 2
Id an Inquisition taken at Grey stoke Oct. 6, 1666, he
appears as plaintiff with Christopher Blencowe as
defendant, the matter in dispute being the " Rectory of
Graistock. Whether lands called ' Marshalls Moors ' are
parcel of the glebe." ^ Sir Thomas Howard is mentioned
as farmer of the Rectory. A second Inquisition at
Blencow on April 13 of the following year, between the
same two parties and in reference to the same matter,
speaks of the " Parsonage of Graistock, and two closes of
land, called Marshall Moors late of Sir Henry Blencow
(defendant's father) deceased." •* There were two other
Inquisitions in which he was more or less concerned. The
first was at Greystoke on Sept. 23, " 24 Chas. 2.," with
Thos. Parsons and John Robson as plaintiffs and John
Noble, Henry Winder, Geo. Parker and Miles Hathwaite
as defendants, the matter in dispute being the " Rectory
and parish of Graistock, and the townships called Berryer
Penruddock-cum-Hutton and Johnby Tithes." ^ The
other was at Cockermouth on the 24th of January following
with " Sir Miles Haythwayte Knight, John Bristow Thos.
Slee " as plaintiffs, and " Allan Smallwood, D.D., Thos.
1. S.P. Dom. Car. ii, vol. 112, No. 35.
2. Ibid., Entry Book 22, p. 14.
3- Ex. Dep. Rec. Off., Mich. 15.
4. Ibid., East. 15.
5. Ibid., Mich. 7.
476 The Ejected of 1662
Parsons, John Robson, John Cannon " as defendants, the
matter in dispute being the same except that we have
both "John and Johnby" among the place names. ^ The
Penruddock " Kist " contains quite a collection of valuable
documents relating to various disputed matters in the
Parish, in some of which Alan Smallwood is a prominent
figure.^ He seems to have had a keen eye for finance,
especially where there was an opportunity of adding grist
to his mill. On this account, as well as others, he fell
foul of the Quakers. Besse informs us that among others
who were continued prisoners for tithe, in April, 1682,
were : — " John Sowerby who had been Prisoner three
years and seven Months at the Suit of Allan Smallwood,
Priest of Graystock, and John Todhunter who had been
imprisoned three Years and two Months at the Suit of the
same Priest; also John Slee, who had been committed at
the Suit of Allan Smallwood."^ A sermon,^ which he
preached at Carlisle, Aug. 17, 1664, on Oaths brought
him into conflict with these people and called forth several
replies from their leaders : —
Howgill Francis of Todthorne near Greyrigg. Oaths no Gospell
Ordinance but prohibited by Christ ; being in Answer to A. Small-
wood D.D. to his book lately pub., being a Sermon preached at
Carlisle 1664, wherein he hath laboured to prove. Swearing lawful
among Christians [&c.]. By a Sufferer for Christ and his doctrine.
F.H. 4to. Printed in the year 1666. 11^ [number of pages].
Reprinted in his Works.
A Reply to a Pamphlet called — Oaths No Gospel Ordinance, &c.
Wherein a Sermon Preached at Carlisle, Aug. 17, 1664, with all the
Arguments therein produced (to prove that our Saviour did not
forbid all Swearing) is fully Vindicated. The Text of St. Mat., 5, 34,
and St. James 5, 12, are plainly interpreted, the Truth undeniably
manifested, and the Objections to the contrary whatever could be
found in the Writings of Francis Howgill, Sam. Fisher or any other
Quaker Satisfactorily Answered. By Alan Smalwood. D.D. York.
1. Ex. Dep., Hil. 1.
2. Trans. (N.S.), vol. ix, p. 225.
3. Sufferings of the Quakers, vol. i, p. 133.
4. This was printed at York by Stephen Buckley in 1665. A copy
is in the Bodleian.
Grey stoke 477
Printed by Stephen Bulkely, and are to be sold by Francis Mawburne.
Small 8vo. 1667. 30.
Benson Gervase of Kendal in Westmoreland a Justice of Peace.
A True Testimony concerning Oaths & Swearing &c. As also an
Answer to the subject matter contained in Twelve Arguments or
Reasons (laid down in a Sermon preached at Carlisle, Aug. 17, 1664,
by Allan Smallwood, D.D., as he stiles himself) [&c.].
4to. London : Printed in the Year 1669. 6.
A Second Testimony Concerning Oaths and Swearing in Answer
to a Book entituled The Case of the Quakers relating to Oathes stated
by J.S. or an Appendix to a Book written in the Year 1668 in
answer to Allan Smallwood. Wherein is fully cleared the Command
of Christ &c. 4to. Printed in the Year 1675. 3.'
The Fleming MSS. have the following interesting entry : —
Wee two [Sir G. Fletcher & Sir Daniel Fleming] and my Lady
Mary were Jany 21st, 1682/3 at Graystock Church and dyned with
Dr. Smalwood, that day being his marriage-feast and it being the
fourty-fourth given Jany 22 in the house at Hutton : 00 : 08 : 0C.2
Alan Smallwood's burial entry in Greystock Registers
is as follows : —
1686 October The ffifteenth day of this Moneth about sixe of the
Clock at night did the Reverend Doctor Alan Smallwood Rector of
Graystock depart this life, and was Buried the Eighteenth day about
three in the afternoone by Mr. Richard Ward his curate.
It was in his day that the following were excommuni-
cated, and the largeness of the list witnesses to the
strength of Nonconformity in the neighbourhood : —
March 1685. 29.
Were these psons whose names & Sirnames are hereunder written
denounced excomunicate for their offences and other their contumacye
in not appeareing at Consistorye Court for the Reformation of their
lives & manners vizt : John Slee Jacob Relf John Atkinson Scholmr.
at Motherby and Mary his wife John Noble and Jane his wife John
Tod & Agnes his wife Adam Bird & Issbell his wife Henry Sheapherd
Mary Todd wid. John Jack & Elizabeth his wife Henry winder of
Hutton John & his wife John Jack of Berrier & Ann his wife Miles
Malleson of the same & Jane his wife Thomas Edmundson of Motherby
& Jane his p'tended wife Ambro.se Hodgson John Slee of Gresedale &
Isabell his wife John Soulby John Todhunter Jennett Mark wid.
1. Smith's Bib. Anti-Quakeriana, pp. 400, 401.
2. Fleming MSS., H.M.C., Twelfth Report, p. 399.
478
The Ejected of 1662
Chresto. Scott Bridgett Slee wid. William Greenhow Elizabeth his
ptended wife Rich. Mark of Hutton roofe & his wife Dorothy Relf
wid. Thomas Barker Abraham Relfe John Relle, Rich. Atkinson of
Graystocke & Elinor his wife Elizabeth Hudson of Wathermealock
Mary Robinson John Martendale & Agnes Rukin all of the same.'
EicHARD FowKE, M.A., 1686—1692/3.
He was instituted Dee. 3, 1686, on a Presentation by
" Carol. Howard Ar." ; and inducted the day following.
He remained until his death. His burial entry is to the
following effect : —
1692/3 ffebruary 19 Buried Mr. Richard ffowk Rector of Graystock.
Thomas Gibbon, M.A., D.D., 1693—1716.
He was of St, John's College, Cambridge, where he
became B.A. in 1688; M.A. in 1692; and S.T.P. in 1714.
He was instituted to Greystoke in April, 1693, on a
Presentation by the University of Cambridge, which
claimed " the right of presenting as to a popish living."
The Registers say that he "publickly and openly in ye
time of Divine Service at Evening Prayer did this 7th
day of May 1693 " read the Articles. For some reason he
resigned in 1711, but was reinstituted, April 25, 1712,
upon " the presentation of Gilfrid Lawson esquire grantee
of Charles Howard esquire the lord of the manor." ^ He
was a personal friend of Bishop Nicolson and was installed
Dean of Carlisle in 1713. He died on Oct. 24th, 1716,
and was interred in St. Mary's Church, Carlisle. His
letter respecting the Sequestration of William Morland is
given elsewhere.^
1. Parish Registers.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 366.
3. Vide p. 369.
y. SKELTON.
This is a large sized village lying some six and a half
miles north west of Penrith and about four north of
Oreystoke. The Church is dedicated to St. Michael and
the Registers begin with 1580, the following being a list
of them : —
1. Baptisms, Burials and Marriages, 1580 — 1647.
2 & 3. Baptisms and Burials, 1712—1753.
Marriages, 1712—1812.
4 & 5. Banns of Marriage, 1754—1812.
The oldest book contains not a single entry of value
for our purpose, and is in a very dilapidated condition,
besides being faded in many parts. The following is the
list of Incumbents : —
Leonard Scott, M.A., 1598—1623.
He was instituted October 10, 1598. ]!^icolson and
Burn state that in 1607 Francis Southwyke sold the
advowson to Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and that a
caveat was entered in 1623, on the death of Leonard
Scott, by Sir E. Musgrave, Knight. This, however, did
not prevent Dr. Fearclough and the other Trustees for the
College from making the next Presentation.^ A person
of this name was at Castle Sowerby in 1584, and Irthing-
ton in 1589.
Leonard Milburn, M.A., 1623 — 1647.
He was the son of Richard Milburn, Bishop of Carlisle,
and was instituted February 18, 1623. He had charge of
the living at Ousby as well as Skelt-on, and appears
in Walker's list of Sequestered Clergy, though that writer
says nothing about his " sufferings " ; he merely links his
name with Skelton. Nicolson and Burn, however, state
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 387.
48o The Ejected of 1662
that lie was " ejected by Cromwell's Commissioners in
1653." ^ It is very probable that this event took place in
1647, and it is more than doubtful if it ought to be called
an " Ejection " at all. The following documents show
that Leonard Milburn was merely requested to make
choice of the living that he was prepared to surrender,
the policy of the Commonwealth being to put an end to
Pluralism as far as possible. It would seem that he kept
Ousby and gave up Skelton : —
Ousby and
Skelton. Mail 28. 1647.
Upon the humble peticon of Leonard Milborne Incumbent of the
sev'all benefices of Ousby & Skelton in the Countie of Cimib'land It is
ordered that he do forthwth make his eleccon wch of the same bene-
fices he will relinquish & wch he will adhere unto & reside upon And
it is ordered that he shall have all tithes, rents, revenues & profitts
of the sd benefice wch he shall so relinquish hapening arrising,
growing & beinge till Easter last & that he shall have & enjoy to his
owne use all Corne & grayne by him sowen upon the gleab of the said
Rectorie wth libertie to enter upon the sd gleab Cutt & carry the
same away at such season as the same is ripe for cutting & Inninge.2
Skelton and
Ousby. Junii 19. 1647.
Upon the humble peticon of Anthony Wilson It is ordered that Mr.
Milborne Incumbent of the Sev'all benefices of Skelton & Ousby in
the Countie of Cumberland doe make his eleccon pemtorilie wthin
eight daies after serving hereof wch of the Benefices he will adhere
unto And it is further ordered that the sd Mr. Milborne shalbe
accomptible for the profitts of that benefice wch he shall relinquish
wch fell since the 23rd of ffebruary last on wch daie the first order of
this Comittee was grted for making his eleccon.3
Ousby &
Skelton. Sept. 8. 1647.
It is ordered that Leonard Milborne Incumbent of the severall
benefices of Ousby & Skelton in the Countie of Cumberland both the
said benefices having Cure of Soules doe make his eleccon before this
Comittee on the 20th daie of October next wch of the said benefices
he will adhere unto & wch he will relinquish or else signifie such hia
eleccon under his hand by the said day.^
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 387.
2. Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15671.
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid.
Skelton 48 1
EiJSHA Bourne, 1653.
This name does not appear in any printed list of
Incumbents; but Elisba Bourne joins in the letter to
Richard Baxter respecting the Worcestershire Agreement
bearing date 1653. He is there styled " Minister at
Skelton." ^ Foster gives two persons of this name in his
list of Oxford graduates : one graduated M.A. in 1649,
and was the son of Emmanuel Bourne, Rector of Ashover,
Derbyshire, 1622^2 ; and the other took his M.A. in 1627
and B.D. in 1638, becoming Rector of Misterton in
Leicestershire in 1642.^. Either of these would fit in with
Elisha Bourne of Skelton. He removed from Skelton
shortly after 1653. It is highly probable that Samuel
Bourn, a prominent Nonconformist Minister in Lanca-
shire during the early part of the 18th Century, belonged
to this family. He also sprang from Derby, where his
grandfather and great grandfather were considerable
tradesmen.^
George Tibbold, M.A., 1654—1661.
His Presentation to this place in 1654 is referred to in
the following : —
Skelton Rectory. Know all &c. the 16th day of June in the
George Tibball. yeare 1654 There was exhibited &c. a presenta-
tion of George Tibball Gierke to the Eectory
Geo. Tibball Cert, as of Skelton in the County of Cumberland Made
aforesaid by to him by the president & Schollers of Corpus
Edm. Staunton of Christi Colledge in Oxon the patrons thereof
C.C.C.Pr. Together &c. of the said George Tibball of his
John Conant of Coll. holy &c. approved the said George Tibball &c.
The Masters Coll. and doe admit the said George Tibball to the
Ox. Scol. Rectory of Skelton aforesaid &c. Incumbent
Jo. Milward &c. In witness &c Dated at Whitehall the
Nod. Sparke 17th day of- June 1654.4
Tho. Whitehorne
Zach. Boggan.
1. Rel. Bax., p. 164.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Vide Toulmin's Memoirs of Samuel Bourn.
4. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 997.
A F
482 The Ejected of 1662
This name also is absent from the lists supplied by the
County Histories, He appears among the signatories to
James Cave's ordination Certificate dated 1656.^ George
Tibbold removed to Asby in 1661, where he remained until
his death, ^ and held Thursby part of this time. He
seems to have been one of those who readily accepted
the new conditions which came in with the Restoration,
though probably, as in the case of many others, he felt
it wise to appear in his new character in another part of
the Diocese.
Leonard Milburn, M.A., 1661 — 1673.
In June, 1660, Leonard Milburn, like many others,
presented a Petition to the House of Lords for restoration
to the Skelton living. It is written in a beautiful hand.
The following is a copy : —
To the Eight Honble the Lords
in Parliamt assembled.
The humble Peticon Of Leonards ^lilborne
Gierke Master of Arts.
Sheweth,
That yor Peticonr haveing enjoy'd the Rectory of Skelton in ye
County of Cumberland for twenty and odde years was yet notwith-
standing by the unjust powers late in being sequestr'd from the same
without any due Course of Law.
Your Peticonr therefore prayeth
That ye Tythes Gleabes and other
Profitts of ye said Rectory may
be secured into the hands of
some responsible persons untill
yt the Parliamt take over
therein or the Petionr be
restored by due Course of
law
And yor. Peticonr shall
pray &c
LENNARDS MILBORNE.
I certify that this Peticon is true and that ye Peticonr was outed in
1. Vide p. 664.
2. Vide pp. 545, 1113.
Skelton 483
ye tyme of ye late wars without any due Course of law, although an
able and conscientious Divine.
William Musgrave.
Capn W. Musgrave of Clio (?) in Cumberland.
[On the outside as follows] : —
23 of June 1660 The peticon of Lennards Milborne Clerke.
Expd.»
The Petition met with success and Leonard Milburn
held the two livings again until his death in 1673. In
the Episcopal Register in Carlisle appears the following,
the full significance of which is not clear : —
July 24. 1665 Absolutio Leonardi Milburn ab excoicacone ad
instantiam Mri Georgii Buchanan et Mr. Sampson in pntia mei
William Yates Norij pub.
Nathaniel Cole, M.A., 1673 — 1683.
DoubT;less the person of that name to whom the following
refers : —
Carlton. Julij 5. 1647.
Referred Nathaniel Cole Minister to ye Assembly for the Church
of Carlton Com. Bedd.2
He took the Engagement Dec. 26, 1650 ; and was in-
stituted to Skelton on the death of Leonard Milburn on a
Presentation by Ric. Busher and his wife, Margaret, on
June 23, 1673, His request for leave of absence from
his Cure for some time is dealt with in the following from
the King : —
Mr. Cole to Reverend Father in God Rt. Trusty and Rt well-
be absent beloved Wee greet you well. Whereas wee have
from his Cure given (as by these psents wee doe give) free leave
for some time. Licence & pmission to Nathaniell Cole, Clerk late
Chaplaine to Our I. & W. Ralph Montagu Esqr. our late Ainbr. to
ye most Xn King, to goe for some time to France upon his private
occasions that nearely conceme him, wee have thought fitt hereby to
Signify Our will & Pleasure to you, & accordingly to direct & Require
you to dispence wth his absence from his care of Skelton in our
County of Cumberland & Our Diocesse of Carlisle during such
his absence for ye space of twelve months or longer, if ye necessity of
his Occasions shall soe require hee taking care & prudently providing
that during such his absence ye sd Cure bee supplied by an able &
1. House of Lords' Library; also H.INLC., Seventh Report, Part i,
p. 107.
2. Add. MBS., Brit. Mus., 15671.
484 The Ejected of 1662
sufficient Person where in assuring Our selves of yor ready Concur-
rence Wee bid you heartily Farewell, Given &c ye 7 day of Octob.
1673. By &c
Arlington.^
Et. Kev. Father in God.
Whereas wee have thought fit to give leave unto Nathaniell Cole late
Mr. of Acts and Rector ot Skelton in our County of Cumberland within
yor Diocesse to travell into France for ye space of one yeare upon
certaine his occasions which wee have approved ; and being yrfore
pleased yt ye sd Nath. Cole do not incurre or receive any prjudice by
reason of Such his absence Wee have thought good hereby to signiiie
Our pleasure unto you And do require yt se sd Nath. Cole be
dispensed with for his absence from his sd charge for ye space of one
yeare from ye day he shall depart out of this our Kingdome ; And yt
during ye sd terme he receive & enjoy the full profitt of ye sd Liveing
as amply as if he were actually resident upon ye place. Any Law Custome
or Statute to ye contrary notwithstanding Provided nevertheless yt ye
sd Nath. Cole do leave an able & sufficient person such as you shall
approve to discharge ye dutys of his Ministrey during his absence. 2
Dec 8th '74. Arlington.
Nathaniel Cole ceded in 1683.
William Ward, M.A., 1683—1711.
He was instituted April 3, 1683, and was the son of
Thomas Ward of Kirkland, Westmorland. He matricu-
lated Queen's Coll., Oxford, Feb. 22, 1666-7, at the age
of 18 years, graduated B.A. 1671, M.A. in 1674, and was
Rector of Hampton Poyle, Oxon, 1680-1683,^ whence he
removed to Skelton. In the Will of Christopher Rich-
mond of Catterlen dated June 16, 1693, mention is made
of William Ward, Clerk of Skelton. He remained at
Skelton until his death in 1711. Bishop Nicolson, writing
in 1704, says : —
The Church Yard is ill fenced ; and ye Register-Book (tho' pretty
old) as ill kept as other matters are by Mr. Ward, ye present careless
Rector. ■*
1. S. P. Dom. Entry Book 31, p. 119.
2. Ibid., Entry Book 27, p. 64.
3. Foster's Ox. Al.
4. Miscel., p. 145.
Skelton
485
In his Diary he is equally uncomplimentary in his
references to him as witness the following, under date
Aug. 29, 1705, Wednesday: —
In ye Afternoon Mr. Ward (of Skelton) pot-valiant, solliciteing for
the Vicarage of Sowerby = whose petition, himself dismiss'd wth
Resentmt, was mention'd to ye A. Dn. who came soon after he was
gone. 1
1. Trans. (N. S.), vol. iii, p. 24.
VI. HUTTON-IN-THE-FOREST.
This is mucli less a village than a Parish, and in the
immediate neighbourhood of the Church few houses are
to be found. It lies about half a dozen miles north of
Greystoke, and a couple of miles east of Skelton, and is
quite true to its name. The Church, a diminutive, quaint
looking ^structure, is literally among the trees, which
abound in these parts. It is dedicated to St. James. A
peculiarity about the Church is the small gallery over
the doorway, not by any means lavishly furnished, which
is set apart for the use of the Yane family. Whellan ^
says that its Registers begin in 1643 ; but, if any such
existed in his day, they have entirely disappeared. In
the oldest book, now extant, the earliest entry is 1729.
The Incumbent list is imperfect, both Histories and
Registers failing us. The following, however, are known :
Anthony Walkwood, 1569 — 1612.
Nicolson and Burn state that the Presentation was
made by John Middleton, gentleman, " to whom Sir
Thomas Smith, Queen's Secretary and Dean of Carlisle,
together with the Chapter had granted the first avoid-
ance." 2 He died in 1612. He held the living at
Torpenhow during part of the time and was Prebendary
of the Third Stall in 1577.3
William Lawson, 1612— 1646 (?).
He was instituted January 20, 1612-3. Foster gives
the following: — "Lawson William of Yorks pleb. Christ
Church, matric 30 May, 1606, aged 17; B.A. 10 Feb.,
1609-10 : perhaps rector of Hutton in the Forest, Cum-
berland, 1614, or vicar of Stainton, Yorks, 1622 : father
of Lancelot 1631." * This Lancelot is said to be son of
1. Whellan, p. 565.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 392.
3. Vide p. 574.
4. Al. Ox.
Hutton-in-the-Forest 487
William of Hutton " sacerd." He matriculated Queen's
Coll., Oxford, 4 Nov., 1631, at the age of 18 years, so
that it is safe to put William Lawson at Hutton, as late,
at least, as 1631. How much longer he remained is not
certain. It is, however, quite possible that he was here
until the appointment of Thomas Todd in 1646, in the
document relating to which mention is made of the "death
of the last Incumbent." A person of this name appears
at Bewcastle in 1580 and Wigton in 1592,^ though, of
course, if Foster's conjecture be right it cannot be the
same .
Thomas Todd, 1646— 1651 (?).
His appointment is given in the following terms : —
Hutton. Junii 27. 1646.
Whereas the Rcctorie of ye pish Church of Hutton in the Countie
of Cumberland is void by the death of the last Incumbent & the guift
thereof is in the Deane & Chapter of the Cathedrall Church of Carlile
It is therefore ordered that the said Rectorie shall from henceforth
stand sequestred to the use of Mr. Thomas Todd a god lie & orthodox
divine who is hereby required forthwith to officiate the Cure of the sd
Church as Rector & preach diligentlie to the pishpners there. ^
The following order for his Institution was issued
shortly afterwards : —
Sept. 24. 1646. Ordered &c That Mr. Doctor Aylett or his lawful
Deputy are hereby authoriz'd and required upon sight of this Order
to give Institution and Induction to Thomas Todd Clerk to the Rectory
of the Parish of Hutton in the County of Cumberland. Salvo &c the
said Mr. Todd producing his Presentation thereunto under the Hand
and Seal of Francis Sisson Patron. And this to be a Sufficient
Warrant in that Behalf.'
Walker includes him in his list of " Suffering Clergy,"
and, in view of the high terms used of him in the
appointment,, his statement, like many another in his book,
must be regarded as exaggerated. This is his account : —
When he was before the Committee, one of them, who was a
Tradesman, undertook to Examine him in point of Learning : and
very judiciously, among other Questions, ask'd him " Who was the
1. Vide pp. 292, 487.
2. Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15670.
3. C. J., vol. viii, p. 503.
488 The Ejected of 1662
best Interpreter of Scriptures? " and " Whether he vsed the Lord's
Prayer or not?" Soon after this he was Sequestred, and one
Jackson, a Bawling Illiterate Fellow, put into his Rectory ; who had
This and another Parish, during the whole time of the Usurpation.
Mr. Todd (with others of the Clergy) was also Imprison'd at Carlisle :
And the only Crime alledged against them, was That they Baptized
Children, Visited the Sick, and sometimes Preached privately to their
Parishioners and others.^
Thomas Todd's two sons were Dr. Hugh Todd and
Thomas Todd. The latter matriculated at Queen's Col-
lege, Oxford, March 28, 1683, aged 17, graduated B.A.
feb. 15, 1686-7, M.A. 1689, and was possibly Yicar of
Corbridge, Northumberland, in 1709. ^ On the authority
of Dr. Todd, Jefferson tells the following story of the
interview of Thomas Todd, senior, with Charles II. as he
passed through Hutton on his way to Worcester on Aug.
6, 1651: —
He informed Charles that he had been ejected from his living and
imprisoned at Carlisle for his allegiance to his Majesty and for the
private exercise of some functions of his sacred office. The king, who
looked very pale and pensive, was seated in a coach with some of the
Scotch nobility, intent on a map of the country which was spread
before him ; he charged him to continue in his duty and expressed a
hope that better times would soon follow. His Majesty was guarded
by a body of Highlanders.'
John Jackson, 1651(?) — 1660.
In all probability the Jacksons were a local family. In
the Parish Chest is a Book of Accounts dating back to
1646; possibly with this Whellan has confused the
Registers. It contains many interesting items, and was
the work of Peter Murthwaite, doubtless the person of
that name who subsequently held the living of Gilcrux.*
The following appears in it : —
A Booke belonging to the Parish of Hutton containing the Church
Stocke thereof And in whose handes it remaineth with their several
1. Walker, part ii, p. 375.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Hist, of Leath Ward, p. 425. Whellan in his History has mixed
up this story in all sorts of ways.
4. Vide p. 732.
Hutton-in-the-Forest 489
obligations for the same June the xxiii anno 1646. Petrus Murth-
waite strinxit Josephus filius praedicti Petri sepultus fuit in
Cometrio (?) ecclesiae praedict 23 die Junij 1616
Deliver this booke to my kinde friend Lancelote Allisson I pray you.
Money due to the Church Wardens 1650 from [among others] : —
Wid. Walkwood 1. 15. 0.
Wid. Walkwood Sur. [Surety]
1649 Jo. Jackson elder 10 — 0
Jo Jackson younger 10 — 0
Eliz. Walkwood 1—15—0
Bobert Becke Sur.
1653 Uxor Jackson elder
0 — xo Sur. her Crope
pd in as appeares by the Sixtine men : — [among others]
More by Widdow Jackson 0 — 05 — 0
More by Jo. Jackson 0 — 10 — 0
1654 Item to Mr. Tod xij.
Widow Walkwood, whose name frequently occurs, was
probably a connection of the late Anthony Walkwood, a
former Hector; and John Jackson, junior, son possibly
of Wid. Jackson, whose surety was " her crope," is
assumed to be the Rector at the time. The late Henry
Whitehead, in his interesting paper on Church Bells in
Leath Ward, says : —
Subjoined to the account for 1653 are items collected for a bell
amongst them being : — " More by Jo. Jackson 10—0." The last name
in the list of Collectors — John Jackson — is that of the Minister who
had superseded the rector Thomas Todd. . . The omission of his
initials from the numerous company of initials on the Church bells,
for which he, and perhaps his mother (widow Jackson), collected
subscriptions seems to imply that he was not held in much account by
the parishioners.^
It will be shown presently that this latter inference is
quite unwarranted. Walker describes John Jackson as " a
Bawling Illiterate Fellow " ; but that is quite in his style.
As appears elsewhere,^ the person responsible for this was
Dr. Todd, son of the Sequestered Minister, who so largely
assisted Walker, and consequently it will need to be
considerably discounted. Calamy, who gives little
1. Trans. (0. S.), vol. 13, p. 194.
2. Vide p. 374.
490 The Ejected of 1662
information about Jackson, quoting Walker's statement
suggestively adds : —
To which I can say nothing, unless I knew his Vouchers. Had he
been cast out as illiterate upon a proper Trial, it must be own'd he
would have had his Desert. But when all that were Incumbents were
cast out by the Act [Uniformity Act], it they did not punctually
conform, it is evident that the most meanly qualified were as proper
Sufferers by that Act, if they were ejected and silenc'd by it, as those
of the greatest Abilities, i
Jackson appears as one of the signatories of the Baxter
Letter of 1663, and he joined in the ordination Certificate
to James Cave, which bears date 1656, being in the first
styled " Pastor," and in the second " Minister " of
Hutton.2 Along with Timothy Tullie, who was *' Modr.
pro. Temp." he signed a request on behalf of the "Associate
Ministers of the County of Cumberland " to Richard
Gilpin " to print his acceptable Sermon preached this day
[May 10, 1658] at our Generall Meeting," and styles
himself " Scribe." 3 That surely dismisses the charge of
illiteracy; a position of that kind was not likely to be
assigned to an ignorant person, and it further bears upon
his character. Whatever opinion his Parishioners might
cherish concerning him it is clear that he was a person
of considerable influence and position in the Cumbrian
ministry. *
What other living John Jackson held along with
Hutton, as stated by Walker, is not known, but the whole
passage is so obviously charged with bias that little
reliance can be put upon it.
Thomas Todd, 1660— 1689(?).
The County Historians do not say that Thomas Todd
was restored on the Ejection of John Jackson, and direct
evidence is wanting. It is, however, highly probable that
such was the case, especially in view of the fact that his
son, Thomas, who matriculated in 1683, is described as
1- Calamy, vol. iii, p. 227.
2. Vide pp. 89, 664.
3. Vide p. 105.
4. Vide under Greystoke for a reference to him, p. 474, note 2.
Hutton-in-the-Forest 49 r
the son of " Thomas of Hutton, Cumberland, Cler." A
person of this name appears as Schoolmaster at Morland
lately removed in 1657.^ Can it be that, as in the case
of Robert E-ickerby,^ during part of the period of his
Sequestration, Thomas Todd was permitted to occupy this
position ?
Nicholas Tomlinson, 1689 — 1695.
He was instituted July 29, 1689, on a Presentation by
the Dean and Chapter of Carlisle. The Crosby Ravens-
worth Registers give the following : —
Chrestenings 1654 March Ann ye daughter of Mr. Nicholas Tomlinson:
ye xiiii day.
Who this was is not stated.
Joshua Bureow, B.A., 1695—1728.
He was instituted May 20, 1695, on the same Presenta-
tion. The vacancy had been caused by the cession of
Nicholas Tomlinson. Joshua Burrow removed to Asby in
1728. He was a nephew of Rowland Burrow of Brougham.^
1. Vide p. 1186.
2. Vide p. 658.
3. Vide p. 1248.
yil. CASTLE SOWERBY.
Castle Sowerby lies a few miles from Hutton in the
direction of Hesket Newmarket. Tlie Churcli, which is
dedicated to St. Kentigern, is one of the most isolated and
primitive looking in the County. The earliest Registers,
a long volume in parchment, have for their first de-
cipherable date 1621, which has been inked over by a later
hand ; but this is on page 3. There are two other pages of
entries which are not decipherable, evidently beginning
with baptisms, and it would appear that some pages have
gone. After 1642 occurs the following: —
A booke of all the Chrestenings and — Raughton head Chappell
since — years ano Dom. 1621 to 1643.
The first volume extends to about 1709 ; and the Raughton
Head entries continue until about 1672. The following is
a list of Incumbents : —
Thomas Scott, M.A., 1571—1584.
He was a native of Cumberland, graduated B.A.
Queen's College, Oxford, March, 1553-4; Fellow of
Trinity 1555 ; M.A. July 8, 1556 ; Proctor 1560.i He was
collated by Bishop Barnes, and resigned in 1584. A
person of this name was at Edenhall in 1580.^
Leonard Scott, 1585—1623.
He was instituted May 31, 1585, and appears to have
held the living at Skelton at the same time.^
William Fairfax, M.A., 1624—1646.
He was ordained Deacon Jan. 18, 1623-4, and instituted
May 12, 1624. He was the son of Thomas Fairfax of
Caldbeck, and married Jane, daughter of Richard Tolson
1. Al. Ox.
2. Vide p. 439.
3. Vide p. 479.
Castle Sowerby 493
of Bridekirk. Nicolson and Burn represent William
Fairfax as holding the living until 1664; and that is the
impression which Jefferson creates, but both are at fault.
He was a Pluralist, having in addition to Castle Sowerby
the living at Bolton, Mealsgate, as appears from what
follows. Here again it will be noted that no attempt was
made to sequester William Fairfax ; he was merely called
upon to surrender one of his two livings, and it was the
Castle Sowerby one which he relinquished : —
Castle Sowerby. May 2. 1646.
Ordered by Consent of William ffairfax vicar of Castle Sowerby in
the County of Cumberland that ffrancis Palmer minister of the word
shall officiate the Cure of the Church there and enjoy the said
vicarage for that the said Wm ffairfax hath also the rectory of
Boulton in the Diocesse of Carlisle.
Refr ffrancis Palmer, &c to ye Assembly.^
Francis Palmer, M.A., 1646 .
The Registers have the following : —
Eegistrum plenu. ac perfectu. omnium baptizat. matrimoniu. iunct.
_ et sepult. in parochia de Castle Sowerbye Anno dni 1646 ffrancisco
Palmer vicario ibm.
The following documents deal with Francis Palmer's
Augmentation : —
Castle Sowerby. November 17. 1647.
By virtue of an order of both houses of pliamt of the 2nd of May
1646 It is ordered that the yearelie rent of 91i reserved to the Deane &
Chapter of Carlile out of the tithes of Langanby & the further yearelie
rent of 21 & 14s to them reserved out of Motcherby Blencow &
Penruddock & the further yearelie rent of 13li & 4d to them reserved
out of Culgarth milne & the further yearelie rent of llli 13s 4d to
them reserved for sevrall of their possions in Skellinge in the pish of
Kirkland in the occupacon of the widdowe Hutchinson & the further
yearlie rent of Hi 6s. 8d to them reserved for other of there possessions
in Kirkland in the occupacon of Mr. Crakenthorpe & the further
yearelie rent of viijs to them reserved out of sevrall of there posses-
sions in Penrith & the further yearelie rent of 41i 16s 8d to them
Reserved out of sevrall of there pssions in Plumpton & the further
yearelie rent of 138 & 4d to them reserved out of there possessions in
Cringledyke in the occupacon of Wm. Carleton being all in the
1. Add. M8S., Brit. Mus., 15670.
494 The Ejected of 1662
Countie of Cumberland be pd to & for increase of ye maintennce of
> ffrancis Palmer minister of the pish Church of Castle Sowerby in the
sd Countie the pnte [present] maintennce belonging to the sd Church
in the best tymes being worth not above 24li a yeare And the
Sequestrators of the pmisses are required to paie the same unto him
Accordinglie at such tymes & seasons of the yeare as the sd rents
shall grow due & payable provided that the Church of Langanby
aforesd be in the first place provided for wth a Competent main-
tennnce. '
Castle Sowerby. December 1. 1647.
Whereas this Comittee have the 17th of November 1647 grted the
jearelie rent of 91i reserved to the Deane & Chapter of Carlile out of
the tithes of Langanby & the further yearelie rent of 2li & 14s to
them reserved out of Motcherby Blencow & Penruddock & the further
yearelie rent of 13s & 4d to them reserved out of Culgarth Milne &
the further yearlie rent of llli 13s & 4d to them reserved for sevrall
of there possessions in Skellinge in the pish of Kirkland in the
■occupacon of the widow Hutchinson & the further yearlie rent of
11 6s 8d to them reserved for other of their possessions in Kirkland in
the occupacon of Mr. Crakenthorpe & the further yearelie rent of eight
shillings to them reserved out of severll of their possessions in Penreth
and the further yearelie rent of 4li 16s & 8d to them reserved out of
severall of their possessions in Plumpton & the further yearelie rent of
13s and 4d in Cringledyke in the occupacion of Wm Carleton being all in
the Countie of Cumberland to & for increase of the maintennce of
ffrancis Palmer ^Minister of the pish Church of Castle Sowerby in the
Said Countie ffor that the said sevrall Sumes are otherwise desposed
off the said order is become fruiteles. This Comittee doe discharge the
sd order & in liew thereof It is further ordered that the yearelie sume
of 30 li be paid out of the rents & profitts of the Impropriate Rectory
of Castle Sowerby afforesaid wch are sequestred from Sir John
Bancks Knt delinquent & the further yearelie Somme of 6li 13s & lid
out of the rent reserved to the deane & chapter of Carlile out of the
said Impropriacon tax for increase of the maintennce of the sd Mr.
Palmer for his officiating the Cure of the sd Church of Castle
Sowerby. And the Sequestratrs of the pmisses are required to paie
the same accordinglie at such tymes & seasons of the yeare as the sd
rents & profitts shall grow. due & payable. 2
The Survey for 1649 gives " the present Incumbent as
Mr. ffrancis palmer Mr. of Arts an approued good
preacher," and states that " he pays yearely to the crowne
1. Bodl. MS., 325.
2. Ibid.
Castle Sowerby 495
VIS lijd & to the aforesayde Earle of Amndell iijs iiijd all
whicli afforesaid & viij Acres of Grounde are worth p annu
0411-10-00." 1
Francis Palmer had gone before 1656. Why is not
known; but in 1661 he was collated to Aspatria.^ His
name does not appear in the County Histories. For his
connection with Croglin the reader is referred to the
account of that place. ^
Peter Jackson, 1656 — 1660.
The County Histories also omit this name. His
appointment, however, is certified in the following
documents : —
Castle Sowerby. ffebruary 26. 1655.
Whereas the curacy of the pish Church of Castle Sowerby in the
County of Cumberland is at pent destitute of a minister & Mr. Peter
Jackson Mintr. of the Word hath applyed himselfe to these trustees
to be setled Minister there It is ordered that the said Mr. Jackson be
setled Minister of the said Church. Provided he first procure the
approbacon of the Comrs. for approbacon of publique preachers in
that behalfe.
Jo. Thorowgood Ri Sydenham Ra Hall Jo pocock Jo. Humfrey.4
Order
ffeb. 26.
Castle Sowerby. 1655.
Peter Jackson. Know all men by these Presents that the
six & twentieth day of ffebruary in
Pet. Jackson Cert, as the yeare 1655 There was exhibited to
aforesaid by ye Comissionrs for approbation of Publique
Preachers An order of the Trustees for
Rich. Gilpin of maintenance of Ministers whereby Mr. Peter
Greystock Jackson is setled in the Curacy of the
Ran Croxall of Parish Church of Castle Sowerby in the
Kirkland County of Cumberland Together with &c
Jo Davis of approved the said Peter Jackson &c
Kirkoswald doe admitt the said Peter Jackson to the
Geo Tiball of Curacy of Castle Sowerby aforesaid &c
1. Lambeth MSS., Surveys, vol. 11.
2. Vide p. 644.
3. Vide p. 406.
4. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 974.
496 The Ejected of 1662
Skelton In witness &c Dated at Whitehall
Rog. Baldwin of the 29th day of ffebruary 1655.
Penrith
Jo fiorward of
Bolton
Rol. Nicolls of
Acton
Edw. Winter.'
Castle
Sowerby.
Know all men by these psents that the 26th day of ffebruary in
the yeare 1655 there was exhibited to the Comrs for approbacon &c
An order of the Trustees for Maintennce of Minrs. whereby Mr.
Peter Jackson is setled in the Curacy of the pish Church of Castle
Sowerby in the County of Cumberland together &c Dated at Whitehall
ye 29th day of ffebruary 1655-6.
John Nye
Eegr.'
Castle Sowerby. March 4, 1655.
Whereas the Curacy of the pish Church of Castle Sowerby in the
County of Cumberland is at pret destitute of a Minister & the care
of providing for the same being in these Trustees It is ordered that
Mr. Peter Jackson approved by the Comrs for approbacon of pub-
lique preachers to be a pson fitt to preach the Gospell &c & he is
hereby appointed Minister of the said pish Church & authorized to
officiate the cure thereof by diligent preaching & instructing the
pishioners there And that he shall have for his paines therein the
yearely Sume of ffifty pDundes out of the rents and profitts of the
Impropriate tithes of Castle Sowerby aforesaid the same to be accoted
from the 29th day of ffebruary last & to be from time to time
continued & paid unto him for such time as he shall discharge the
duty of the Minister of the said place or untill further order of these
Trustees And Mr. Edmund Branthwaite receiver is hereby appointed
to pay the same unto him accordingly. Provided that this order be
first intered with the Auditor.
Jo. Thorowgood Ra. Hall Jo. Pocock Edw Cressett Ri. Sydenham.*
Both Calamy and Palmer give Jackson a place in their
list of Ejected Ministers; but beyond that not a line of
information is supplied by them. In the account of
Hutton-in-the-Forest it was stated that John Jackson,
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 996.
2. Ibid., 969.
3. Ibid., 972.
Castle Sowerby 497
ejected from that place, was possibly a brother, or close
connection. In the Presentation Lists appears the name
of William Jackson of these parts, but Avhether a relation
is not known. ^
William Fairfax, M.A., (?)1660— 1664.
It would appear that at the Restoration William Fairfax
resumed charge of the living at Castle Sowerby, which he
had resigned in 1646 to make way for Francis Palmer.
This he again resigned in 1664, as the following shows,
probably because of age : —
Acta Resignationis Gulielmi Fairfax M.A. Vicarii de Castle Sowerby
Jany. 23, 1664.^
Edward Waterson, 1664 — 1705.
He was ordained Deacon Aug. 17, 1662; Priest Feb. 1,
1662/3; and instituted Mar. 1, 1664, on a Presentation
by the Dean and Chapter. He compounded for his First
Fruits in 1665. He is wrongly given by Nicolson and
Burn as Waterhouse.
Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1703, says: —
The Vicar (Mr. Waterson, aged 79) treated me and Mr. Fleming
with Oaten bread and Butter, pretty good beer, and English Spirits
of 18d a Quart, together with some hints of his being displeas'd at
John Todd's looking after his place. 3
He held the living until his death in 1705, the two
following entries appearing in the Registers, the first
being probably that of his wife : —
1690 May 8 buryed Mrs. Mabell Waterson affadavited.
1705 May the 13th Bur. Mr. Edw. Waterson vicar of Castle
Sowerby.
Christopher Whittixgd.vle, M.A., 1705 — 1719.
He was a Glasgow scholar, appointed Minor Canon and
Lecturer of St. Cuthbert's June 24, 1703, which position
he resigned Nov. 23 following on being appointed Lecturer
of St. Mary's. He occupies a very considerable place in
Bishop Nicolson's Diary and appears to have been some-
1. Vide p. 1348.
2. Episcopal Reg., Carlisle.
3. Miscel., p. 11.
A G
498 The Ejected of 1662
what of a favourite with him. Under date May 12, 1705,
Saturday, Nicolson writes : —
Early in the morning, Mr. Whittingdale with news of Mr. Water-
son's death (I was presently invited to ye FnneraK and desireing
Advice, whether he sd apply for Sowerby. By all means. ^
It is said to have been Whittingdale's appointment that
somewhat occasioned the trouble between Atterbury and
Nicolson. There is another curious entry to the following
effect which follows a notice of a " Harangue on Damna-
tion " by Whittingdale on Sunday, Aug. 13, 1704: —
After Dinner, Mr. Wh. gave me a long and surpriseing Acct of
several particulars in the Tryal of Witches whilst he was a Scholar
in Glasgow : As yt himself had seen ye Witch-mark in three of 'em
(in the Neck, Thigh and Ball of ye Legg) discover'd by a Highland-
Wizzard ; two women crawling on the sides of Ashler-stone- Walls,
ye Laird of Bargarron's Daughter vomiting hot coals. Knots of Pins,
&c. and flying round the Room ; all ye Witches unable to repeat
after him ye Lord's Prayer, or to renounce ye Devel ; &c.
Whittingdale must have had a wonderful imagination.^
James Clark, B.A., 1719—1735.
His burial entry is thus given : —
The Revd James Clark vie. of Castle Sowerby Buried June 3, 1735.
The names of Joseph Wells, " Clark of Sowerbye Church
1710," and Thomas White, " Clark," appear in the
Registers ; but probably they were only Parish Clerks.
The following notes of collections are interesting : —
A collection for presentinge of our bibel into there language in ye
Great Duck-dom of Lithuania being three Shillings Seaven pence
collected ye 10th day of January 1661.
Aug. 6, 1671 Collected at Raughtonhead Chappie for the english
taken by Turkish pirats 7s 4d.
Aug. 13. Collected at ye Church for the same 13s 5d ob. [farthing].
This place, solitary as it now is, was once a comparatively
busy centre. Hesket Newmarket, a few miles away, would
suggest as much; and the Registers are a witness to the
same fact. In the 17th Century " tanner," " piper,"
" Webster," " shoemaker," are names which frequently
occur.
1. Trans. (N.S.), vol. iii, p. 8.
2. Ibid., vol. ii, p. 202.
yill. SEBERGHAM.
Sebergham is about seven miles south of Dalston and
eleven from Carlisle, approaching the mountainous
country which passes into the Skiddaw range. The Church
here, dedicated to St. Mary, was formerly a perpetual
Curacy in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter of
Carlisle. It is an ancient foundation, but little is known
of it prior to the 18th Century. The earliest Register
Book was purchased in 1705, though a few entries anterior
to that date appear in it. There is a baptism dated
April 6, 1694, and another under date 1697. These were
probably copied from earlier fragments, or gathered from
the recollections of the people. The Historians do not
help us with any list of Incumbents, and only a few
names have been recovered : —
Daniel Heckstetter, M.A., 1648.
This is an entirely new name, and the authority for it
is the following : —
Martij 27 1648.
Sebraham.
Upon Certificate from any members of pliamt that serve for the
Countie of Cumberland in the behalfe of Mr. Daniell Hextetter
Minister of Sebraham in the Countie aforesaid Concerninge his life
& Conversation It is ordered that he shall have the Augmentation
graunted by order of the 14th of June last for increase of the
Minister's maintennce of the sd Church.'
The Commonwealth Survey for 1649 gives the following.
Unfortunately it supplies no name, but possibly the Curate
was Daniel Heckstetter : —
Rectory of Seburham
pd to the Curate of the Church of Seburham Tenn poundes p-
Ann 10—00—00.
ffor Repairs of the Chancell p Ann xxvis viiijd 01 — 06 — 08.
1. Bodl. MS. 325.
500 The Ejected of 1662
ffor breade and wine for the Comunicants att Easter ffortie sexe
shillings eight pence 02 — 06 — 08.
to bee represed out of the Rectoryes of Castle Sowerby for repaire
of the Chancell of the same Church xxxs 01 — 10 — 00.*
For Daniel Heckstetter the reader is referred elsewhere.
The Editor of Bishop Nicolson's Diary in a note gives him
as Yicar of Irehy 1661 — 1686; Rector of Sebergham
1661—1695; and Rector of Bolton 1665—1686.2 This
must be inaccurate for he died in 1686; moreover it is
making him into a very serious Pluralist, and it would
have been well if authorities had been assigned.
Thomas Maison, 1656.
In this year he appears as baptizing an " infante " at
Castle SoAverby; and is described in the Registers of that
place as of " Sebraham."
Robert Abbot, 1678/9.
His marriage is thus entered in the Wigton Registers :
1678-9 Mar. 3. Robertus Abbot Curate de Seburham p. lie. Anna
Munkhouse.
Robert Abbot " literatus," was ordained Deacon Dec,
1663, and Priest March 17, 1668.
Matthevt Preston, B.A., 1684.
Bishop Nicolson in his Diary, under date April 8, 1684,
says: — " Sebraham given to M. Preston." 3 He was
subsequently at Thursby. 4
James Kynneir, M.A., 1695.
The following has been extracted from the Registers : —
The Revd James Kynneir A.M. A Scotchman & Rector of Annan
in North Britain before the Revolution was in that time for the sake
of his faith deprived of his liveing & so came to be Curate at Holme
Cultram under jNIr. Ogill in which time about ye year 1699 he was
nominated Lecturer and Curate of Sebergham by the Revd and
Worshipful Dean & Chapter of Carlisle.
In Scott's " Fasti of the Scottish Church" is the following :
Annan 168 — James Kynneir A.M. had his degree from the Univer-
1. Lambeth MBS. Surveys, vol. 11.
2. Trans. (N.S.), vol. i, p. 19 note.
3. Ibid., p. 9.
4. Vide p. 545.
Sebergham 501
eity of Edinburgh in 1679. He deserted his charge, went to England,
was appointed Curate at Holm-Cultram and to the Curacy of Seberg-
ham in 1699 where be died in 1733 aged about 74.^
The Episcopal Register states that he was licensed to
Sebergham July 1, 1695.
Under date Oct. 18, 1706, the Registers have the
following : —
Upon view of the Church of Sebergham this day, I do hereby
direct that the pulpit be fix'd under the south window in the body
of the Church, and that Thomas Grainger have the chief Seat next
to the pulpit and that Tho Watson and Richard Clarke remove to
that Seat on the other side where Robert Simpson and others now
also sit
W. Carliol.
by order of my Lord Bishop of Carlisle Enserted by me J Kinneir
Curat.
The Authentick writing is also affixed.
Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1703, refers to James
Kynneir as " an honest and modest Scotchman." ^ He
appears somewhat frequently also in the Bishop's Diaries,
and in one place is reported as giving an " Acct of his
severe usage by ye Whigs of Annandale in 1693." ^ It
seems that he was accustomed to do duty monthly at the
Chapel at Raughton Head, receiving " 5s." for each
sermon he preached.
Thomas Denton, writing in 1687-8, states that " the
Common Prayer was read in the Church of Sebergham in
all ye late times of trouble and we never had a phanatick
in the parish, neither then nor since." *
1. Vol. i, pt. 2, p. 612.
2. Miscel., pp. 11 and 12.
3. Trans. (N.S.), vol. iv, p. 4.
4. Perambulation of Cumb. in 1687-8, MS. f. 85, quoted in "The
Victoria History of Cumberland," p. 94 note.
IX. RAUGHTON HEAD.
This is a small village some seven miles south of Carlisle.
The Church is dedicated to St. Jude, and was formerly
a Chapel of Ease for Castle Sowerby, whence it is distant
about four miles. The date of the erection of the original
building is unknown ; but in 1678, " having long laid in
ruins," ^ it was rebuilt and consecrated by Bishop
Rainbow. Rebuilt again in 1760, in 1868, along with
Gatesgill, it was made a separate Parish. The Registers
properly begin in 1716 ; but the marginal and other spaces
of an old Book of Homilies have been used for irregular
entries, the earliest being that of a baptism under date
1663. The Castle Sowerby Registers contain the Raughton
Head baptisms, etc-, up to about 1672 apart from the
exceptions just named. The Register Book of 1716, being
of paper, is somewhat dilapidated ; the edges at the top are
worn away. The Book of Homilies is extremely
interesting because the entries in it are much after the
manner of those which appear in " The Ambleside Curates'
Bible." 2 As in that case, we get from it the names of
the Curates who served here. Unfortunately they are
frequently without dates, and not always is an appellative
attached by which we are able to say whether the person
in question represents a Minister ; but the insertion of the
name is good, though not conclusive, evidence. The
following is the list so far as it is known : —
Robert Rickerby, 1647.
It will be convenient to give the following documents
together, though Robert Rickerby's name does not appear
until July, 1647: —
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 348.
2. Vide p. 1051.
Raughton Head 503
Sept. 26, 1646.
Chappell of By &c. 2nd May last. It is ord. &c. yearely
Raughtone sume of 301i be allowed & paid out of such of the
head. profitts of the Impropriate Rectorie of Castle
Rect. of Castle Sowerby in the Countie of Cumberland as are
Sowerby. Sequestred from Sr John Banks del. ffarmer thereof
under the Deane and Chapter of Carlile to & for
increase of the maintennce of such Minister as
this Cottee shall approve of to officiate in the
Chappell of Raughton Head wthin the pish of
Castle Sowerby aforesaid the pnte maintennce of
the Minister there being but 71i a yeare. And
the Sequestrators &c.'
Castle Sowerby. Julij 19, 1647.
It is ordered that Robert Rickerby minister of the word be referred
to the next Classical Presbiterie in the Countie of Lancaster who
are desired to examine the fitnesse of the said Mr. Rickarby to
officiate in the Chappie of Raughtenhead in the pish of Castle Sowerby
in the County of Cumberland & to Certifie the same & what trial]
they have of his guifts & abilities pticularly.2
December j 1647.
Chappell ot
Raughtonhead.
Whereas this Comittee have the 26th of September 1646 graunted
30li a yeare out of the profitts of the Impropriate Rectorie of Castle
Sowerby in the Countie of Cumberland as are sequestred from Sr
John Banckes delinquent ffarmer thereof under the Deane & Chapter
of Carlile to & for increase of the maintenance of such Minister as
this Comittee shall approve off to officiate in the Chappell of Raughten-
head wthin the pish of Castle Sowerby aforesaid the pnte maintenance
of the Minister there being but 71i a yeare It is ordered that the
further yearelie summe of 6li 18s & lid be paid out of the rent
reserved to the Deane & Chapter of Carlile out of the Rectorie of
Castle Sowerby for a further increase of the said Minister's main-
tenance, he being first approved off by this Comittee And the
Sequestrators of the pmisses are required &c.3
Dec. 15, 1647.
Raughtenhead.
Whereas this Comittee have the 26th of Sept. 1646 granted 301i a
yeare out of such of the pfitts of ye Impropriate Rectory of Castle
1. Bodl. MS. 323.
2 Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15671.
3 Bodl. MS. 325.
504 The Ejected of 1662
Sowerby in ye County of Cumberland wch are Sequestred from 8r
John Banck Delinquent farmer thereof under ye Deane & Chapter
of Carlile. And the further yearly Sume of 61i 18s lid by order of
the first of Decemb instnt to bee paid out of the rent reserved to the
sd Deane & Chapter of Carlile out of the sd Rectory of Castle
Sowerby to & for increase of the maintenance of such Minister as
this Comittee should approve off, to officiate the Cure of the Chappell
of Raughton Head in ye parish of Castle Sowerby aforesaid the pnte
maintenance thereof being but 71i p. Ann It is ordered yt the aforesd
sevrall yerly sumes of 30li & of 61i 18s lid bee allowed & paid to Mr.
Robt. Rickerby the pnte Minister of ye sd Chappell of Raughten-
head : And the Sequestrators &c.^
March 13, 1648,
Raughton Head.
Whereas this Comittee have by Order of ye first of Dec. 1647 grted
the yearely some of 6li 18 lid out of ye rent reserved to ye Deane
& Chapter of Carlile out of the Rectorie of Castle Sowerby in ye
County of Cumberland for increase of ye maintenance of such
Minister as this Comittee should approve of to officiate in ye Chap-
pell of Raughton Head wthin the pish of Castle Sowerby aforesaid
& Complt [ComplaintO is made yt by reason the same is graunted
by order of ye first of Decembr 1646 to the Minister of ye Chappell
of Broughton in the said County they cannot receive ye fruite of ye
said Graunt, for yt it is now alledged yt ye same arriseth out of
the pfitts of the said Impropriacon wthin the sd Chappellrie & ye sd
Chappell of Broughton is far distant from thence It is ordered yt ye
said order of the first of Dec. 1646 as to ye graunting the said
Augmentacon to the Minister of Broughton be descharged & that the
same be paid to the Minister of Raughton Head being first approved
as aforesaid unlesse Good cause be shewen to the contrary before
this Comittee on the first day of May next whereof the Minister of
Broughton aforesaid is to have convenient notice.2
The reference of Robert Rickerby to the Lancashire
Presbytery is interesting, and suggests that Presby-
terianism had established itself neither in Cumberland nor
Westmorland. There was a Robert Rickerby at Cocker-
mouth at this time ; but whether the two are identical has
not been ascertained. ^
1. Bodl. MS. 325.
2. Ibid.
3. Vide p. 682.
Raughton Head 505
The following names appear in the Book of Homilies,
but the reader will need to remember the caution
previously given in relation to them : —
John Bowker, ]^o date.
Thomas Rttmxey, 1673.
A son, John, is named under date Nov. 16, 1673.
John Ben, 1681.
John Sharples, No date.
A person of this name, probably the same, was ordained
Deacon Sept. 20, 1663.i
William Langhoen, No date.
George Simpson, 1700.
He was licensed Curate and " Ludimag " May 27,
1700.
The name of Mary, daughter of " Geo. Simpson de
Cowring " appears under '' ff'ebr 2d 1672."
BiCHARD Wilson, 1705.
The following also is from the Book of Homilies : —
Glasgow
When Julius Caesar reigned king
About my neck he hang this ring
And whosoever doth me take
Pray save my life for Julius Caesar's Sake.
[Written] [Richard]
1705 Wilson
Curate de Raughton
Head.
Elsewhere he says that he " entred ye 16 day of September
Anno Dom. 1705." In the Episcopal Register, however,
Wilson's license to the Curacy here is dated June 20, 1709.
William Holme, 1713.
His license in the Episcopal Register as Curate and
" Ludimag." is dated 22, 1713.
Thomas Richardson, 1717.
He is called Curate in that year.
I. Episcopal Register.
5o6
The Ejected of 1662
Thomas Weatherall, 1721/2.
He is named as Curate in that year.
Isaac Johnson, 1724.
Richard Mandevil, 1732.
John Parker, 1732.
Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1703, says : —
The Chappie at Raughton Head, in this parish is supply'd ordin-
arily by ye Schoolmaster there, and once a month by Mr. Kanyer
[of Sebergham] ; to whom the Vicar [Edw. Waterson of Castle
Sower by] (since his own Infirmities have disabled him to attend it
himself) allowes 5s for every Sermon he preaches The
Interest of this money [£87] and 6d per Quarter of each Scholar ia
the whole Support of the Reader and Schoolmaster ; who, for ye
present, is Mr. a Deacon, and Son of a Neighbouring Yeoman.'
1. Miscel., p. 12.
X. DACRE.
Dacre lies about five miles south west of Penrith, the
Castle of that name, once the home of the Dacre family,
being still an object of considerable antiquarian interest.
The Registers begin in 1557, and are in good condition
except the 1660 period, where the" entries are much mixed
up and imperfect, several of the leaves also being faded.
A feature of interest about them is the " Regester of
Dissenters," which ranges from 1696 to 1711. They have
been transcribed with a view to publication. Nicolson
and Burn in their list of Incumbents break off at 1591 and
go on to 1724. Jefferson merely copies, and Hutchinson
does the same. The following is the list so far as
obtained : —
John Brockbank, 1571.
He was collated March 21, 1571.
There was a person of this name at Shap in 1574 ; and
one also at Beetham in 1664.^
Richard Sutton, 1574 — 1582.
He was collated by Bishop Barnes on Oct.. 20, 1574.
His burial entry appears in the Registers thus : —
1582 May The vij Day was Sr. Rychard Sutton vicar at Dacre
buryede.
William Martin, 1582—1591.
He was collated January 31, 1582.
Thomas Wrae or Wray, 1591.
He was collated by Bishop Meye on the last day of
February, 1591-2, the cause of the vacancy being the
death of Martin. Foster says: — "Wraye, Thomas, B.A.
13 March, 1575-6; perhaps vicar of Dacre, Cumberland,
!
1. Vide pp. 984, 1190.
5o8 The Ejected of 1662
1592, and vicar of Campsall, Yorks, 1601." ^ If this be
correct lie must have been a Pluralist, as the following
Wray entries indicate that he continued at Dacre some
time after 1601 : —
1595 Julie The xiijth daye was Jane Wraye Daughter to Sr. Thomas
Wraye vicar of Dacre bapt.
1604 June The same [21] day was John Wray sone to Thomas Wray
Clarke buried.
1604 November the xi day was John Wray sonne to Tho Wray Clark
baptized.
Doubtless the following refers to a connection, if not to
the same person : —
1643 Sep. the xvij was Tho sonne of Tho Wray bapt.
The Watermillock Registers also contain references to
Thomas Wray of Dacre for the years 1640 and 1683, from
which it would appear that the family were long associated
with the place.
Leonae,d Smith, 1648.
In this year he was buried as the Registers testify : —
1648 May the 15th buried Mr. Lennard Smith pastor of this parish.
Foster mentions four persons of this name, but it is not
certain that any had relationship with Dacre.
RoBEET Mawson, 1702.
Possibly the person of this name who was the son of
Samuel Mawson of Hegatcastle, Cumberland, and who
entered St. John's, Cambridge, from Sedbergh Grammar
School in 1692, being then 18 years of age. He graduated
B.A. in 1695.2 A person of this name was ordained
Deacon Sept. 21, 1673, and Priest Sept. 15, 1674, being
described as " de Penrith." Writing in 1704, Bishop
Nicolson speaks of Robert Mawson as " the late Curate " ;
and the Registers give the following, which doubtless
refers to him : —
January 22, 1702 was Mr. Robert Mawson Buryed.
In 1669, "William Mawson of Timpaurin gave by his
1. Al. Ox.
2. Sedbergh School Register, p. 108.
Dacre 509
Will a lease of the tithes of Slegill and Thrimby in
Westmorland to the vicars of Penrith and Dacre equally
between them." ^ The stipend of Dacre at this time was
only £8 a year. Probably the benefactor was a relative
of Robert Mawson. A person of this name appears at
Muncaster in 1707.2
John Holme, 1704.
Writing in this year, Bishop Nicolson says that this is
the name of "the present Curate"; and he continues: —
This Liveing is a Vicarage, and in the gift of the Crown : But the
Endowment is so very mean and Scandalous (hardly exceeding 51i
p. An.) that none have ventur'd on a presentation and Institution
these many years. So that its still held (as Kirkoswald and Shap
likewise are) by Sequestration.^
This accounts for the silence of the Institution Books.
In his Diary under Mar. 26, 1705, Nicolson refers to a
visit of "poor Mr. Holme of Dacre, full of complaints. His
curacy will not amount to above lOli nothing being to be
made of Thrimby-Tith : But he has a clear (Freehold)
estate from his Father, worth 91i per an." *
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 382.
2. Vide p. 849.
3. Miscel., p. 129.
4. Tran.s. (N.S.), vol. iii, p. 1. In vol. iv are several other similar
entries.
XI. WATEEMILLOCK.
This is tlie name of a district rather than of a village, on
the western side of Ulls water, appearing in older documents
as "Wathermelock," "Wethermelock," "Wethermealock,"
and under other forms. The Church, dedicated to All
Saints, formerly stood on the margin of the Lake, upon a
spot marked by a venerable Yew Tree. The previous
building having been " destroyed by the Scots," a new one
was erected about a mile inland; and, in 1558, it was
consecrated by Bishop Oglethorpe when he " was on his
road to crown Queen Elizabeth." It came to be called
■" New Kirk," and in documents of the time it is so marked.
Its Registers, which date back to 1579, have recently been
transcribed by the present Rector and published. In the
volume also is a " Book of Paines," 1610 — 1837, together
with the Registers of Matterdale Church. It was formerly
one of several Chapelries belonging to Greystoke, and the
Rector of Greystoke still presents to the living. The
following is a list of those who have served the living in
so far as they can be recovered.
— 1596.
Robert Pearson, —
In the Registers is the following : —
1596 Aprill The xxxth was buried Robert Pearson Gierke.
Matthew Gibson, 1596—1633.
The Registers supply the following : —
June Md. yt Math. Gibson Clark did enter to serve the Cure heare
at Wattermelock upon the xiij day of June Ano Dnj 1596.
1596 Julye The viij day was wedded Mathew Gibson Gierke and
Janett Lamson.
1596-7 Januarye The ixth day was Chrestened Edward the son of
Mathewe Gibson Gierke.
He appears to have held the living until his death which
Watermillock 5 1 1
took place in 1633, the Registers noting the fact in the
following terms : —
1633 November Thursday the xxviij day Mathew Gibson Gierke
was buried who had lived in this world seventie eight years and
served the Gure at Wethermeiock Church Thirty nyne yeares. The
same day one Sermon was preached by Mr Willm Morland Minister
at Graistock.
That seems so far to be clear, and yet something more is
needed. The Registers during this period contain the
name of William Burton, " Gierke," thus :■ —
1618-9 Februarie 2. Elisa d. of Sr. William Burton Gierke was
Ghrestened.
1620-1. Januarie frydaie The xiith daie William the Son of William
Burton Gierke was Ghrestened.
Can it be that William Burton was assistant to Matthew
Gibson for some time? That seems to be the explanation
of his appearance here : for that he was a Minister is put
beyond doubt by the " Sir " coupled with the term
" Gierke." The wife of Matthew Gibson predeceased him
by about seven years, as appears from the following : —
1626-7. Buried Jannett w. of Sir Mathew Gybson Glerk, who
lived in God's Feare manie years, and died in good name and report.
15 February.
After the death of Matthew Gibson the Registers are
silent in reference to any other name for some years. In
1641, Lancelot Dawson " came before the Minister,
Churchwardens and other honest men of the Pishe " ; but
unfortunately the name is not supplied. In the list of
Preachers, however, appears the name of William
Dobson, almost without break, from Sept., 1642, to July,
1643. Probably he was a native of the place and the son
of John Dobson, born July 10, 1609. Whilst the name is
worth noting there is no real evidence to show that he
was more than a temporary supply.
James Cragg, 1660.
Calamy and Palmer give " James Cragg of Newkirk " as
an Ejected Minister who " afterwards conformed." The
insertion of such in Calamy's list is the least satisfactory-
thing in his book. It is apt to lead to serious confusion.
512 The Ejected of 1662
Calamy himself appears to have felt this, for in reference
to James Cragg he afterwards says : — ■
I have been inform'd since my last Edition, that Mr. James Cragg
of Newkirk (where there is a Chappel belonging to Graystock Parish)
went into Scotland and there Conform'd, and therefore I have here
left him out.^
Edward Gibson, 1664.
In the Transcripts the following appears : —
Burial 1664 Thursday the 29 day being Michalmas day Edward
Gibson Curate at Wethermealock Church.
In all probability he was the son of Matthew Gibson, his
christening being noted under Jan. 9, 1596-7.
Thomas Knott, 1669.
He was ordained Deacon Sept. 20, 1665, Priest March
11, 1665/6, and signs the Transcripts in 1669. There is
no appellative to the name ; but " Churchwarden " is
written against the name of John Greenhow who signs
with him. Thomas Knott was certainly not a Church-
warden. Possibly it was his daughter, Anne, that was
baptized Feb. 9, 1668. A person of the name appears at
Bampton in 1672, and Ambleside in 1694.^
Christopher Sanderson, 1673.
Matthew Soulby, 1682.
He was ordained Deacon March 7, 1676/7. His name
appears in the Registers the first time under 1682, and
the last under 1698, when a son, Joseph, was baptized.
He was subsequently Curate of Greystoke; and was at
Bewcastle in 1713.^
John Breeks, 1698.
He was licensed to the Bolton School in Westmorland,
May 4, 1692; ordained Deacon and licensed to the Bolton
Curacy Nov. 12, 1693 ; and to Watermillock June 18, 1698.
He sought Priest's Orders on Sept. 22, 1705, but Bishop
1. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 161.
2. Vide pp. 1057, 1214.
3. Vide p. 295.
\
"W"atermillock 5 1 3
Nicolson says : — " Scandalously ignorant — refused." ^
William Dawson, 1705.
Bishop Nicolson says : —
1705, May 7, Munday. At Dinner. Onely Mr. Walker and Mr.
Dawson ye Probationer Reader of Wethermelock ; who promises that
his future behaviour shall be good.-
William Dawson was ordained Deacon May 29, 1706,
and held the living until his death. His burial entry in
the Registers appears thus : —
1722 buried Mr. William Dawson — late Curate of New Church
July 8.
The Registers contain many items which are both
curious and interesting. The following may be regarded
as illustrations : —
1612-3 Elizabethe Clarke Wedow was buried, humated and sepulted
Februarie 8th.
Evidently in this case the Clerk wished to assure posterity
that the matter had been " well and truly " done.
M.D. In this yeare of our Lord God 1607 was a marveillous great
frost wch continued from the first day of December until the xvth
day of February after. Vlleswater was frozen ower and so contynuea
from the vjth day of December vntill the xxijnd day of February
followinge. So stronge that men in great companies made a common
way vp the same from John Barton's dore to Fewsdaille Wyke.
And men of Martindaill carried shepe vp the same on at Barton's
and of at Sharrowsande. Men went vp the same water and over yt
wth horses loaden wth corne. Vpon the vjth day of January the
younge folkes of Sowlby went unto the mydst of the same water and
had a Minstrel! wth them and there daunced all the after Noone.
On Shrovetuesday being the ixth day of February at Weathermeal-
, lock was a Boone fire builded on the Ise and matches of Shotinges
shott and a Pott wth aill drunke thereupon and Edward Willson of
Benethead, Anthony Rumpney Francis Rumney John Castlehowe and
others &c. Churchwardens
Oswold Rumney balif John Rewkinge
Mathew Gibson Curate Oswold Gierke
Anthony Pattynson Pish Clerk. Cuthbert Slee
John Castelhow of
Greney.
1. Trans. (N.S.), vol. iii, p. 27, vide also Bolton, p. 1176.
2. Ibid., p. 7.
A H
514
The Ejected of 1662
A particularly interesting feature of the Registers is
the insertion by the Clerk of the names of occasional
preachers with their texts. They range from 1600 to
1645 and no less than 103 such services are chronicled.
The period almost synchronizes with the ministry of
Matthew Gibson, and it would be interesting to know why
these outsiders were so frequently requisitioned. The
" Parson " of Greystoke was often there, and that presents
no difficulty as Watermillock was a Chapel of Ease to
Greystoke. Generally this sort of thing may be accounted
for by Pluralism, and it is quite possible that on these
occasions Matthew Gibson was serving other parts of this
wide Parish. At any rate the visits of these preachers
have been carefully reported in the Registers, and usually
the Clerk, whoever he may have been, indulges in a brief
comment upon the performance. He tells us that one
" did preache a Learned Sermon," indeed that was his
favourite expression for these pulpit efforts. As the list
contains quite a number of names it is here appended as
constructed by the present Rector : —
LIST OF PREACHERS.
1. Mr. Leonard Lowther, Parson of Greystock
2. Mr. Leonard Lowther, Parson of Graistocke
"3. Mr. Robert Troutbeck, Mr. of
4. Mr. Leonard Lowther, Person of Graistocke
5. Mr. Robert Troutbeck
6. Mr. Leonard Lowther, Parson of Graistocke
and Parson of Lowther
7. Mr. Leonard Lowther, Parson of Graistocke
8. Mr. Leonard Lowther, Parson of Graistock
Psl. xc. 12
9. Mr. Leonard Lowther, Parson of Graistocke
Lev. xix. 11
10. Mr. Leonard Lowther, Parson of Graistocke
11. Mr. John Teasdell Hosea, vi. 1
12. Mr. Peter Becke, Vicar of Brumfielde Rev. vii. 13
13. IMr. John Teasdall, Chaplain to Bishop
Robinson of Carlisle, and Parson of
Graistocke
14. Mr. John Teasdell
13 Mar.
4 Mar.
27 Dec.
24 Feb.
25 Mar.
29 June,
22 July
1600
1603
1604
1604
1605
1605
1606
22 Mar. 1606
1 Nov.
26 Mar.
2 Sept.
23 June
26 Dec.
3 Jan.
1607
1609
1610
1611
1611
1612
Watermillock 5 1 5
15. Henry, Bishop of Carlisle, and Parson of
Graistocke Psl. xv. 1 14 Mar. 1612
16. Mr. John Teasdell, Parson of Lowther 1 May 1614
17 Mr. Doctor Robinson, Vicar of Crosthwaite 19 June 1614
18 Mr. George Hudson 24 Mar. 1615
19. Mr. Lancelot Dawes, Vicar of Barton. Jer. iv. 1 23 Mar. 1616
20. Mr. Samuel Hilton, Minister of Graistocke 30 Mar. 1617
21. Mr. Hierome Waterhouse, Parson of Graistock 13 June 1619
22. Mr. George Hudson, Parson of Kirckbride
Psl. 1. 15 10 Jan. 1620
23. Mr. Hierome Waterhouse, Parson of Graistocke 3 ^lay 1624
24. Mr. Robert Reade, Preacher of God's Holy
Word 27 Aug. 1626
25. :Mr. Robert Reade, Preacher of God's Word 1 Oct. 1626
26. Mr. Robert Troutbeck 22 Oct. 1626
27. Mr. Richard Edmondsonne 7 Sep. 1628
28. Mr. John Winter [doubtless of Clifton, vide p. 1240] 19 July 1629
29. Mr. John Winter 9 Aug. 1629
30. Mr. John Hastye, Vicar of Penrith 23 Apr. 1630
31. Mr. Hierome Waterhouse, Parson of Grai.stocke 26 May 1622
32. Mr. Robert Troutbeck, Parson of Whitefealde 11 May 1623
33. Mr. Richard Kitchen 17 Aug. 1623
34. Mr. George Hugginsone, Mr. of ... . 13 June 1630
35. Mr. Richard Kitchen 12 Sept. 1630
36. Mr. John Teasdale, Parson of Lowther
Prov. xxii, 8 24 July 1631
37. Mr. John Hastie, Vicar of Penrith Amos, ii. 31 July 1631
38. Mr. Samuel Guy, a Preacher Licensed St. Matt. vi. 33 4 Dec. 1631
39. Mr. John Edmondson, Preacher of the
Word of God 8 Jan. 1631-
40. Mr. Robert Troutbeck, Parson of W 15 Apr. 1632
41. Mr. Robert Troutbeck 3 June 1632
42. Mr. John Haisty, Vicar of Penrith '
1 Chron. xxviii, 9 29 July 1632
43. Mr. Samuel Guy, Licensed 21 Oct. 1632
44. Mr. Richard Kitchen, Preacher of the
Word of God 28 Dec. 1632
45. Mr. Richard Kitchen 2 Feb. 1632
46. Mr. Richard Kitchen 3 Feb. 1632
47. Mr. John Edmondson 7 Apr. 1633
48. Mr. Edward Wil.'^on 1 :May 1633
49. Mr. Richard Kitchen 5 May 1633
60. Mr. William Willis, Schoolmaster at Penrith 30 June 1633
51. Mr. — Pearson, Licensed 24 Aug. 1633
52. Mr. William Morland, Minister at Graistock 28 Nov. 1633
5i6
The Ejected of 1662
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
Mr
Mr
Mr
Mr
Mr.
Mr
Mr
Mr,
Mr.
Mr
Mr.
Mr,
Mr,
Mr,
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
. Richard Kitchen 15 Dec. 1633
. William Morland, Minister at Graistocke 15 June 1634
. William Morland, Minister at Graistock 22 Feb. 1634
. William Morland 27 July 1636
, — Brown, Licensed 28 Aug. 1636
. Leonard Smith [possibly of Dacre, p. 508] 26 Dec. 1636
. William Morland 5 Feb. 1636
. Keiseley 27 May 1637
, William Morland 13 Aug. 1637
. Philip Addyson, Licensed 29 Oct. 1637
Henry Drury 2 Feb. 1637
, William Morland 10 June 1638
William Morland, Minister at Graystock 2 Sept. 1638
, Nelson, Licensed 26 Nov. 1638
, John Bowe, being blind 3 Mar. 1638
Braidley, Licensed 28 Mar. 1639
William Morland, Minister at Graistock 26 May 1639
Braidley 24 May 1640
William Morland, Parson of Graystock
Gen. iii. 21 June 1640
Philip Addyson, Licensed 20 Sep. 1640
William Li.ster, Licensed 28 Feb. 1640
Richard Kitchen 4 Apr. 1641
William Morland, Parson of Graystocke 2 May 1641
George Troutbeck 23 May 1641
William Morland, Parson of
Graistocke St. Matt, xxviii, 6
Francis Bairefoote, Licensed
24 Apr.
11 Sept.
21 Sept.
16 Oct.
28 Oct.
20 Nov.
25 Dec.
22 Jan.
19 Mar.
1642
1642
1642
1642
1642
1642
1642
1642
1642
William Dobson Isa. Ivii. 21
William Dobson
William Dobson
William Dobson
William Dobson St. Matt. x. 16
William Dobson Prov. m . 21
William Dobson St. James, v. 16
— Head [possibly Thos. Head of
Aikton, vide p. 609] 25 June 1643
William Dobson 23 July 1643
— Todd [possibly Thos. Todd afterwards of
Hutton, vide p. 487] 27 Aug. 1643
John Dickson, Curate at Skelton 10 Mar. 1643
John Dickson ' 12 May 1644
William Morland, Parson of Graistocke 16 June 1644
William Morland, Parson of Graistock 18 Aug. 1644
Braydley 15 Sept. 1644
Watermillock 5 1 7
94. Mr. Dickson, Curate at Skelton 29 Dec. 1644
95. Mr. Francis Bairefoote, Licensed 1 Jan. 1644
96. Mr. William Morland 13 Jan. 1644
97. Mr. Richard Kitchen 19 Jan. 1644
98. Mr. John Dickson 15 June 1645
99. Mr. William Morland 24 Aug. 1645
100. Mr. John Dickson 21 Sept. 1645
101. Mr. Richard Kitchen 26 Oct. 1645
102. Mr. William Morland, Parson of Graistock 14 Dec. 1645
103. Mr. Braidley 8 Mar. 1645
XII. MATTEEDALE.
This is another Chapelry some three miles east of
Watermillock, whose mother Church was Greystoke, the
patronage of the living still being in the hands of the
Rector there. The building was erected sometime before
1580 as the following shows : —
Whereas about ye eight year of Queen Elizabeth the Inhabitants
of Matterdale did petition for having a Church att ye said Matterdaie
which was granted in Bishop Best his time with a proviso that they
should maintain a Curate att it which ye said Inhabitants did
promise and Ingage to doe.^
The Episcopal Register notes the Consecration under date
1580, by Bishop Meye, who granted to it Parochial rights.
The following is an extract from the document as copied
in Nicolson and Burn's History (vol. ii, p. 370): —
To all christian people to whom these presents shall come, John
by the providence of God bishop of Carlisle sendeth greeting in our
Lord God everlasting. Know ye, that at the reasonable suit of the
whole inhabitants of the chapelry of Matterdale, complaining, that
by reason their parish church of Graystock is so far distant from
them, and from the great annoyances of snow or other foul weather
in the winter season in that fellish part, they be often very sore
troubled with carrying the dead corpses dying within the said
chapelry and the infants there born unto burial and christening to
their said parish church of Graystock, sometimes the weather being
so foul and stormy that they be driven to let their dead bodies remain
unburied longer time than is convenient, or else to abide that
annoyance and danger in carrying them to burial as is not reasonable,
and therefore have divers times made humble suit for remedy of
their said inconveniences and griefs.
The Registers begin in 1634, and, as already intimated,
they have been published in the same volume as the
Watermillock Registers. The following are the only
names of persons who are known to have served the Curacy
here during the period with which we are concerned: —
Thomas Wilson, 1601—1634.
He died Nov. 2, 1634.
1. Matterdale Registers by Mr. Brierley, Preface, p. iii.
Matterdale 5 1 9
Thomas Beowxiugg, 1655 — 1665,
He appears as Curate in 1655, died in 1665, and was
buried at Matterdale, though no note of the event occurs
in the Registers. Doubtless he belonged to a local family.
Foster mentions Christopher Brownrigg of Cumberland
as matriculating at Queen's College, Oxford, May T, 1602,
at the age of 16, taking his B.A. May 20, 1606, and M.A.
July 6, 1607.^ A person of this name was at Moresby in
1603.2
Thomas Grisedale, 1677 — 1718.
He was ordained Deacon Sep. 20, 1665; Priest March 11
1665-6; and licensed that day to Matterdale. He also
belonged to a local family and was married at Greystoke
on Nov. 2, 1675, to Elizabeth Grisedale. Under "Grise-
dale" Foster gives Robert, son of Thomas, of " Crostor-
mount in Barton," Westmorland, as matriculating at
Queen's College, in 1683, at the age of 19 ; and Thomas
son of Thomas of Matterdale, who matriculated at the
same University on Nov. 24, 1687, at the age of 15 years. ^
Thomas Grisedale held the living until his death which
took place in 1718. His burial is thus noticed in the
Registers : —
1718, buried Thomas Griesdall late curate at Matterdale 1 September.
Joseph Clarke, 1719 — 1725.
He was ordained Deacon July 5, 1719, and licensed to
the Curacy and the school the day after. It is surmised
that this is the person referred to in the list of St. Bees
Scholars during the Head Mastership of Richard Jackson.
Concerning him it is recorded that he was born "nigh
Cockermouth; went to Edinburgh," and "was a Curate
in Greystock parish and dyed." ^
1. AI. Ox.
2. Vide p. 805.
3. Al. Ox.
4- "The Grammar School of St. Bees," by William Jackson, F.S.A.,
p. 7.3. For an interesting account of Matterdale Church from the pen
of the Rev. J. Whiteside, M.A., vide Trans. (N.S.), vol. i, p. 235.
V. THE WIGTON GROUP.
I. WIGTON.
WiGTON is one of the larger towns in Cumberland. The
Church is dedicated to St. Mary, and the Registers, which
begin with baptisms, date from January 6th, 1603-4. The
earlier volume in parchment, rebound in cloth boards, is in
good condition. The writing is minute, but clear. The
following is a list of Incumbents : —
William Lowden, 1572 — 1592.
William Lowson or Lawson, 1592 — 1612.
He was collated by Bishop Meye. The Registers give
the following : —
1606 Maye ffrances the daughter of Willm Lowson viccar of Wigton
bap. the same day [4th]. ^
He removed to Hutton-in-the-Forest in 1612.^ The
burial entry of his widow appears in the Wigton Registers
thus : —
Burialls 1649 April Ann Lowson widow late wife of Willm Lowson
clerk Bur. 12.
A person of this name was at Bewcastle in 1580.^
Thomas Warcop, M.A., 1613—1649.
He was instituted January 21st, 1612-13, on the resigna-
tion of Wm. Lowson. The Registers contain the following
statement as to his intentions in reference to them : —
WIGDONN 1612.
At my Coming unto this place seeing the Christenninges burialls
and weddings Sett downs in such Sort as you male see them before
by which meanes they could not be written in the booke till the end
1. Vide p. 487.
2. Vide p. 292.
"Wigton 521
of the yeare but onelie noted in some paper bycause one could not
know how fan off everie leafe or leafe side the Christeninges would
reach how farr the burials and how farr the weddings before the end
off the yeare were come and the number Decerne And also by this
meanes the names might be left badly written but onely in lowse
papers Hereupon I thought it meete to make a place ffor every one
by himselfe for the easier finding them and the Surer Kepinge ot them
being in their right place Written dayly as they fall
By me Thomas Warcoppe.
Ibidem Vicarius.
Thomas Warcop belonged to a prominent Westmorland
family and possibly is the person of that name who
appears at Kirkby Thore.^ Foster has the following
respecting him : " Of "Westmorland, pleb. Queen's Coll.,
matric. entry 8 June, 1588, aged 13, B.A. 21 Feb., 1592-3,
M.A. 7 July 1596; vicar of Wigton, 1613. "^ His marriage
in the year of his settlement at Wigton is given in the
Greystoke Registers thus : —
1613 Maried Thomas Warcopp dark & vicar of Wygton & Els.
Hodgson of this prish the 29th day of Aprill.
The names of two of his children appear in the Wigton
Registers : —
Christening 1614 September Elizabeth daughter of Thomas Warcopp
vicar de Wigton xviiij.
1617 Novemb. Mary daughter of Tho. Warcop vicar of Wig. bapt.
xi.
His last signature in the Registers is under date 1649
thus : —
1649 April Alice daughter of John Bell and Elizabeth his wife,
bapt. by me Tho : Warcop 7 day.
The Preface to the " Wigton Monumental Inscriptions"
contributed by the Rev. J. Wilson, now Dr. Wilson, says :
It is more than probable, it is certain, that /he was ejected or
silenced by the Cromwellian inquisitors, as a study of the register
plainly shows. ^
Surely that statement is much too dogmatic. That a
1. Vide p. 1165.
2. Al. Ox.
3. P. vii.
522 The Ejected of 1662
change took place about 1649 would seem to have been the
case; and it would also appear that Thomas Warcop
ceased to hold the living about that time ; but neither the
Register nor anything else enables us to say definitely
what happened. In the Churchyard at Wigton is a tomb-
stone bearing this inscription, which Thomas Warcop
himself is said to have prepared with the exception of the
date of death : —
Thomas Warcup prepar'd this stone,
To mind him oft of his best home.
Little but sin and misery here,
Till we be carried on our beere.
Out of the grave, and earth's dust.
The lord will raise me up 1 trust :
To live with Christ eternal lie,
Who me to save, himself did die.
Mihi est Christus et in vita et in morte lucrum. Phil. 1. 21. Obiit
Anno 1653.
That is the reading given by Nicolson and Burn (vol. ii,
p. 194) ; and by Bishop Nicolson (MisceL, &c,, p. 24).
In reference to it however, Dr. Wilson says : —
At both ends of the tombstone there are supplementary inscriptions
very much worn and difficult to decipher. The Rev. W. Lindop,
curate of Wigton [written in 1892] has succeeded in reading that on
the east side, 1 Cor. xv. 54-5, in Greek uncials, while the lettering
on the west end remains undeciphered. It does not look like the
Latin of Phil. 1. 21, usually given. There is no obscurity in the
date— DIED MDCLIIL'
Hutchinson records a tradition about Thomas Warcop
which cannot be made to fit in with the foregoing. It is
as follows : —
Warkup, one of the incumbents of Wigton, in the civil war was
obliged to fly on account of his loyalty to the sovereign. After the
restoration he returned to his cure : and the tradition is, that the
butcher market was then held upon the Sunday, and the butchers
hung up their carcasses even at the church door, to attract the
notice of their customers as they went in and came out of church ;
I
1. "Wigton Monumental Inscriptions," p. vii note. Vide p. 94 of that
work for a copy of this inscription which varies slightly from the one
above given.
Wigton 523
and it was not unfrequent to see people, who had made their bargains
before prayer began, to hang their joints of meat over the backs of
the seats until the pious clergyman had finished the service. The
zealous priest, after having long, but ineffectually, endeavoured to
make his congregation sensible of the indecency of such practices,
undertook a journey to London on foot, for the purpose of petitioning
the king to have the market-day established on the Tuesday, and
which it is said he had interest enough to obtain.^
Until further information respecting Thomas Warcop
i3 forthcoming the case is clearly not one for definite
judgment. It is quite permissible to ask if the tombstone
is to be trusted as to date of death. The Registers are
silent about him ; and Walker does not include him in his
list of " Suffering Clergy." The Warcop Registers record
the baptism of Thomas, son of Mr. Thomas Warcop, in
1635, a member doubtless of the same family.
To this period belongs the following : — -
Wigton. November 6, 1646.
Upon the humble peticon of Dame Katherine ffletcher Widdow the
late wife of Sir Henry ffletcher Barronett It is ordered that noe
desposicon be made of the Profitts of the Rectorie of Wigton als
Wigdon in the Countie of Cumberland for increase of the maintenance
of any small livinge untill the petr be heard concerninge the same.'
Moor, 1657.
This name is inserted tentatively, for it is difficult to read
the course of events after Thomas Warcop's day. In the
old Register Book are a few long, narrow leaves stitched
together, evidently the work of a comparatively late hand.
They cover the years 1653 to 1657, though it is open to
doubt whether they are to be regarded as a complete
record for those years. Dr. Wilson says : —
At the end of what may be called Warcop's register there is inserted
a miniature register, consisting of six narrow strips of paper, begin-
ning on January 25th, 1653, and ending November 7th, 1657, which
puts in evidence the civil functions of the Commonwealth. A few
entries will suffice : —
1655 July. Married Richard Richardson & Jane Bouche by I\Ir.
Barwise & Myself at ... .
1. Hutchinson, vol. ii, p. 479
2. Bodl. MS. 323.
524 The Ejected of 1662
Bap. John son of Mungo Smith.
Jane Bouche's offering day kept at Wigton.
1657 October 10. Married John Smith and Jane Eobinson by Mr.
Moor.
May 3. Bap. Geo. son of Geo. Clark at Kirkld by Mr. Moor.
There can be no doubt that Warcop ceased to perform his duties
as vicar of Wigton at the close of 1649, or the beginning of 1650, and
that the parliamentary official reigned in his stead till the appoint-
ment of Chambers, the new vicar, who came in with the Restoration.*
That passage is surely based upon a misconception of the
position of Moor. It was not he, but Mr. Barwise, a
Justice of the Peace, that was the Parliamentary Official ;
and, here as everywhere else, marriage having come to be
regarded as largely a civil contract, his presence became
necessary. Mr. Moor, however, was almost certainly a
Minister, and possibly he is the person referred to under
date 1655 in the term " Myself." Certainly in 1657 we
see him performing the marriage ceremony. Whether he
was a neighbouring Minister or actually resident in
Wigton is not known. There was a James Moore, Lecturer,
at Kirkby Lonsdale in 1642.^
John Chambers, 1661 — 1674.
Probably the person of this name that was at Allhallows
in 1650 .3 His name appears in the Registers both with and
without the final " s." He was collated to Wigton by Bishop
Sterne on October 20th, 1661, and compounded for his
First Fruits in 1662. He held the living until his death.
The Registers note his burial thus : —
1674 John Chamber Vicar buried March the 27th.
Henry Geddes, M.A., 1674 — 1715.
He was ordained Priest on September 15th, 1674, and
is given as a graduate of Glasgow. •* A person of this
name, however, appears in the graduate list of Edinburgh
University under date July, 1661. Henry Geddes was
1. Wigton Monumental Inscriptions, pp. vii, viii.
2. Vide p. 877.
3. Vide p. 572.
4. Episcopal Register.
Wigton 525
collated by Bishop Rainbow on September 24tb, 1674;
and, like his predecessor, held the living until his death.
His burial entry is thus given in the Registers : —
Henricus Geddes Vicarius de Wigton Julij 1, 1715 [bur.].
Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, refers to him as " a con-
scientious good man." ^
The following Presentments appear in the Transcrijjts
under date 1679 : —
Jo : Watson and his wife for not repaireinge to the church.
Christopher Browne and his wife for the like.
Jo : Horner and his wife for the like.
Jo : Jackson for the same.
James Adamson and his wife and his daughter for the like.
John Eeede and his servant for the like.
Robert Scott and his wife for the like.
Wid : Hammond for the like.
Arthur Borrowdale and his wife for the like.
Wm Pattinson and his wife for the like.
The wife of Matthew Richardson for the same.
ffrancis Richardson and John and Edward his sons for the same.
George White and his wife for the same.
John Richardson and 4 servants for the same.
John Richardson of ilaines for the like.
John Seanhouse his son and servant for the same.
John Key and his wife for same.
Thomas Ismay and Elizabeth Bone for the same.
David Palmer and his wife for the same.
Matthewe Birkby and Ann Messenger for fornication.
Janett Poole for fornication.
The vicarage not in repaire.
Adam Barnes
Tho : Robinson
Tho : Rooke Churchwardens. 2
Jo : Rooke
1. Miscel., p. 23; vide also Diary, Trans. (N.S.), vol. ii, p. 180.
2- Wigton Monumental Inscriptions, Preface, p. viii.
II. WESTWARD.
This place is about four miles south of Wigton. The
Church is dedicated to St. Hilda. The earliest Registers
consist of sheets of parchment of unequal length stitched
together, parts of pages having been cut away. In many-
places the ink is faded, and the earliest decipherable date
is 1605. This has been inked over by a late hand. In
the forties of that Century the leaves are much mutilated ;
in 1656 there are two or three entries, presumably of
burials. There are four sets of parchments; and, though
the writing is decipherable, they have suffered greatly
from damp as well as from the knife. A break occurs
from about 1679 to 1700. The County Histories do not
help us with any list of Incumbents, but the following
names have been recovered : —
CUTHBERT TiFFINE, 1620—1648.
He was ordained Priest in 1600, and how long he had
been at Westward previous to 1620, the first date of his
appearance in the Registers, is not known. The Tifiines
or Tyffines were numerous in this neighbourhood ; and the
following are supplied by the Registers : —
Item. The 11th of May was Sr. Cuthbert Tyffine Clarke minister
at Westward & Jane Jackeson of Brigend laite of Wigdon wedded
at Westward Anno Dmi. 1620.
Item The xxth of August was Mabell dowghter of Sr Cuthbert
Tyffine minister of Westward Baptized Anno Dom. 1620.
Item The xth of ifebruarie was John the sonne of Cuthbt Tifiine
Minister of Westward baptized anno Dom 1621.
Item. The xxiijth of March was John ye sonne of Cuthbert Tiffin
minister of Westward buryed Anno Dom. 1622.
Item. The xxth of July was Cuthbert the sonne of Cuthbert Tiffin
Clark minister of Westward baptized Anno Dom. 1623.
Item. The vith of ffebruarie was Richard the sonne of Cuthbert
Tiffine Minister of Westward baptized Anno Dom. 1625.
[Cut away] Januarie was Marie the dowghter of Cuthbert Tiffine
Clarke . . . 1634.
Westward 527
The following document relates to the Augmentation of
the Minister's stipend, and though the name is withheld
it would be that of Cuthbert Tiffine : —
Cumberland. Att &c. Decembr 7th Anno Dni. 1646.
By vertue &c yearely rent of Twenty one pounds reserved to the
Deane and Chapter of Carlile out of the Impropriate Rectory of
Kirkland in the County of Cumberland and the further sume of sixe
pounds a yeare more to them reserved out of the Tythes of Westward
in the said County and the further sume of Eleaven pounds a yeare to
them reserved out of severall of their possessions in Briscoe in the
sayd County And the further Sumes of Three poundes and eight
shillings a yeare payable by Bernard Robinson to ye sayd Deane and
Chapter and of three pounds eight shillings a yeare to them payable
by widowe Heckstetter And of three pounds and eight shillings a
yeare to them payable by ffrancis Sisson and of Three pounds and
eight shillings to them payable for Meale Garners to the sayd Deane
& Chapter bee payd to and for increase of the maintenance id ye
Minister of the pish Church of Westward in the sayd County his
psent maintenance being but eight pounds p. annu and the Seques-
trators &c payable.
Gilbert Millington.'
Two years after this Cuthbert Tiffine died, his burial
entry being in the following words : —
Item. The 23 of October 1648 was Cuthbert Tiffine Minister of
Westward buried.
Cuthbert Tiffine, 1649.
He was the son of his immediate predecessor, being
baptized July 20, 1623. The Commonwealth Survey for
1649 is the authority for the insertion of his name, and
in reference to him we have the following from that
source : —
Parcell of the Rectorye of St. Maryes [Carlisle].
Westward —
All which aforesayde tythe corne &c are nowe in the possession of
Cuthberte Tiffine Minister of the Westward and Successr of the
aforesaid Cuthbert Tiffin— Olli— 00s— OOd.
Memorandum that the aforesayde Cuthberte Tiffin Curate of the
West warde wthin the County of Cumberland by Indenture of Lease
dated the vijth daye of August in the xiiijth yeare of the late Kinge
Charles Graunted by Thomas Cumber Deane and the Chapter of
1. S.P. Dom. Inter., F. 1, p. 298 (Record Office).
528 The Ejected of 1662
Carlyle holde All ye last mentioned premisses to them & theire
Successors from the date for the terme of xxitie yeares yeilding and
payeing therefore to the Deane & Chapter & their Successors the
Annual rent of two shillings att the feast of St. Martin the Beshoppe
in Winter onely or within xxtie dayes : But are worthe uppon
Improuement overe & aboue ye sayd Rent
Comunibus Annis— 00— 18 — 00
ffor none paymt of the Rent att the appointed times
the lease to bee voyde
Then to come of ye lease ye vijth of August 1649
Ten yeares.
Again :
Parcell of Rectory of St. Maryes in Carlile.
Tythe piggs of ye forrest of Inglewood and Westward before leased
to Cuthbert Tyffin Clearke — now in possession of John Thompson,
Thomas Andrewes, Robarte Dalton, Edward Guye, Abraham Dobson,
Richard Sims, Edward James and Ralph Waterhouse, Clarka and
petty Cannons or theire assignes.*
Evidently Cuthbert Tiffine, the younger, was here only
a short time, and what led to his removal is not known.
Bradshaw, 1651.
This is given on the authority of William Lampit.^
ISTo information has been obtained respecting him.
James Steward, 1655—1669/70.
The Registers for 1656 give two or three entries,
probably of burials; but the page is badly cut. These
are followed thus : — " daughter borne & not bapt.
by any minister," possibly because base born. In the
same year also is a marriage entry, again seriously
mutilated; but from it the following fragment has been
recovered : —
[Probably Justice of P.] eace and by James Stewart a minister.
Doubtless this is the person that appears as Minister of
Torpenhow in 1646.^ It would seem that during his
1. The Commonwealth Church Survey for 1649, vol. ii (Lambeth
Library). This is a very bulky volume and about one third of it is
occupied with Cumberland and Westmorland. It is well worth printing
after the fashion of the Survey for Lancashire and Cheshire for the
same period by the Record Society.
2. Vide p. 623.
3. Vide p. 579.
Westward 529
ministry at Westward he gave considerable assistance to
the Wigton Church; and it is the Registers there which
go far to establish a continuous ministry for him at West-
ward, during all the changes of these times. The follow-
ing entries appear in the Wigton Registers, and, beside
other things, they throw light upon the point raised by
Dr. Wilson in reference to the conducting of marriage
and other services during the Commonwealth time : —
August 5 1656
Bapd. by Mr. Steward of Miller (!) of Kirkland.
1656-7 ffebruary 1. Bap. ffrances d. of Jno Caxton by Mr. Moor
and Marrd Tho. Messenger & Janet Osmotherly by Mr. Jno. Barwise
Esq. Justice of the peace and Mr. James Steward Minister of West-
ward.
1657 June 15 Marrd Wm. Clark and Catherine Hobson by Mr,
Barwise Esq. and Mr. James Steward Minister.
He remained here until his death, and his burial entry is
thus given : —
1669 — 70 The 24 day of January Mr. James Steward vicar of Westd
buryed.'
William Robinson, 1671 — 1700.
He was ordained Deacon Sep. 20, 1665, and Priest
March 11, 1665-6. The Registers give the following: —
1671 Elizabeth daughter of Mr. Will. Robinson Curate of Westward
bap. Aug. 24 nat. 2 day id. mensis.
On the outside of volume iii. of the Registers, which
begins about 1700, just decipherable are the words: —
Mr. William Robinson .... [Minister presumably buried].
Thomas Holme, 1699—1711.
He was licensed Curate here on Nov. 30, 1699.
Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1703, speaks of him as
Curate, and says that he was glad to find him "surrounded
wth so good a Number of Scholars; I could have wish'd
to have seen them elsewhere than in the Chancel, and
spoiling Mr. Barwis's monument (at the West-end of the
Church) with writeing their Copies upon it." ^ In his
Diary under date Sept. 16, 1708, he says that Holme
1. Westward Registers. -
2. Miscel., p. 5.
A I
530 The Ejected of 1662
appeared before him with his son for Deacon's orders, but
the son was " rejected on examination." ^ Thomas Holme's
burial entry appears in the Registers thus : —
1711 Mr. Thomas Holme late Minister of Westward was buryed
December ye 8.
He was licensed to serve Beaumont and Kirkandrews in
the office of Deacon, May 21, 1691, and was previously at
Ireby.2
Richard Wilson, 1711.
He was licensed Curate of this place Dec. 22, 1711.
The Registers speak about him being " exhibited into
ye Bishops .... 4 1711-12." The entry is inked over
and not decipherable; but it would appear to indicate the
date of his entrance upon the Westward living. His
marriage also on Oct. 26, 1714, with " Mrs. Margaret
Ballentine of Crookdale " is noted. Possibly the person
of that name who was at Beaumont in 1679, and Raughton
Head in 1705. »
1. Trans. (N.S.), vol. iv, p. 40.
2. Vide p. 562.
3. Vide pp. 220, 505.
III. THUESBY.
This village lies about half a dozen miles east of Wigton.
The present Church, erected in 1845, stands on the site
of a previous Norman structure. The following respect-
ing the Registers is copied from a document in the Vicar's
possession : —
A list of all extant Register Books in the Parish of Thorsby.
1st. Register 1649 — 1752, Baptisms, Marriages
and Burials
entered in this
Register.
2nd. Register, 1753 — 1804, Baptisnas, Marriages
and Burials are
entered in this
Register in 1753
& afterwards only
Baptisms and Burials.
3rd Register , 1805—1812, Baptisms &
Burials entered
in this Register.
4th. Register 1754 — 1774, Marriages
entered in
this register.
5th. Register 1775 — 1794, Marriages
entered in this
Register.
6th. Register 1794—1812, Marriages
entered in this
Register.
All the Registers above mentioned are deposited at the vicarage
I House Iron Chest. No entries of Baptisms and Burials have been
made in the year 1781 by the late Revd. Mr. Robinson Vicar. The
Registers are not deficient anywhere else that I know of.
The above account is truly made according to the best of my
Knowledge and Belief
Jno Mayson
Curate of Thorsby.
[This would be about 1812 or 1816.]
532 The Ejected of 1662
The following appears in the Registers themselves : —
The Eegister booke of Thursby for Maridges, Birthes and Buriallis
from Anno Domj 1649.
Collected togedder out of Sundry hands be Mr. Johne Hammiltoun
Minister and inserted anno 1663.
The Registers are in good condition, but previous to 1663
the entries are comparatively few, as may be surmised
from John Hamilton's statement above given. His writ-
ing is exceedingly minute. The first two pages of the
older book are occupied mainly with notes of Inductions^
of various Yicars. The following is a list of Incumbents r
Thomas Monk, 1570—1600.
Presented in 1570 by Edward Monk, and died in 1600.
William Walleis, 1601—1622.
A predecessor in the living was Richard Walles alias
Brandling, possibly an ancestor, who died in 1570.
William Walleis removed to Thursby from Penrith in
1601 ^ and held the living until his death in 1622.
Christopher Peile, M.A., 1622—1646.
He was instituted Feb. 18, 1622; and had previously
been at Wetheral.^ Foster names several Peiles of Cum-
berland among his Oxford Alumni. Christopher Peile
was here in 1646 being recommended for Augmentation
in that year as the following shows : —
Att &c. November 11th. Anno Dni 1646.
By vertue &c. Ordered yt ye yearely rents of Eight pounds Twelve
shillings and Tenne pence reserved and payable to ye Deane &
Chapter of Carlile out of Severall of their possessions in Thursby in
the County of Cumberland And ye further yearely sume of Thirteene
pounds and Twelve shillings payable to the said Deane and Chapter
by Eichard Kirkebride of Ellerton Delinquent for Tythe Meals bee
payd to and for increase of the Maintenance of Chrestopher Peele
Minister of the pish Church of Thursby aforesaid. The Viccaridge-
1. Vide p. 418.
2. Vide p. 208.
Thursby 533
whereof in ye best tymes was worth but Thirty pounds p Annu And
ye Sequestrators &c as the sd rents shall grow due & payable.
Har. Grimston.^
The name Peile occurs about this date both in the
Cockermouth and Lorton Registers. It would appear that
almost immediately after this the living became vacant,
though from what cause is not known.
Joseph Nicolson, M.A., 1651.
After Peile there is an unfortunate gap in the County-
Histories until the Restoration ; but that Joseph Nicolson
was here in 1651 is placed beyond doubt by the Musgrave
Tracts.2 The following also is confirmatory of an even
earlier date : —
Thursbye. -^ ffebr. 8, 1646/7.
It is ordered that Joseph Nicholson Minister of the Word be
Comended to the next Classical Presbyterie in the Province of London
who are desired upon due examion [examination] & triall of his guifts
& abilities for the Ministrie & his fitnesse to officiate the Cure of the
pish Church of Thursby in the Countie of Ciraiberland to ordaine him
thereunto if they see cause. ^
He had previously been at Plumbland and subsequently
held the livings of Great Orton, Crosby and Stanwix.*
John Carmichael, M.A., 1658 — 1661.
He was the son of Frederick Carmichael, Minister of
Markinch, graduated at St. Andrew's University July 20,
1650, and was elected to their Bursary by the Presbytery
of Kirkcaldy on the 4th of December following. His
appointment to Thursby, the amount of his Augmentation,
and the state of the living at the time are referred to in
the following documents : —
1. S.P. Dom. Inter., F. 1 (Record Office), duplicated in Bodleian MS.
523.
2. Vide p. 627.
3. Bodl. MS. 324.
4. Vide pp. 191, 201, 230, 584.
L
534 The Ejected of 1662
Thursby in the
County of
Cumberland.
Mr. John Carmichell— Admitted the 5th day of March 1657 to the
V. of Thursby in the County of Cumb'land Upon a pres. exhibited
the same day from his Highnes the Lord Protector under his Seali
Manuall And Certificates from J. Howard Ar. ffoster Nath. Burnand
Andr Mandracke of Brampton.'
Thursby. July 7th. 1658.
Whereas the Vicarage of the parish Church of Thursby in the
County of Cumberland is of the yearlie value of thirty pounds or
thereabouts as is alleaged and the tithes of the Rectory of the pish
Church of Thursby aforesaid pcell of the possions of the late Deane
and Chapter of Carlisle are yet in Lease It is ordered that upon
expiracon of the sd Lease due care bee taken to annex such of the
tithes of the said Rectory to the said Vicarage whereby due provision
may bee made for the maintennce of such godly and painfull preacher
of the Gospell as shall bee from time to time Setled Vicar of Thursby
aforesaid According to Act of Parliamt in that behalfe And that due
care bee taken in the meantime for an exact inquiry of the value of
the said Vicarage and tithes of the said Rectory to the end that
these Trustees may bee inabled to annex a maintenance out of the
said tithes accordingly.
Jo. Thorowgood Edward Cressett Ra Hall Jo Humfrey Richard
Yong.2
Thursby. Aprill 19. 1659.
Ordered that ye sume of fiive poundes fifteene shillinges & two
pence halfe penny be graunted to & for increase of the Maintennce
of jMr. John Carmichal Ministr. of Thursby in ye County of Northum-
berland [Cumberland] approved by ye Comrs for Approbacon of
publique Preachers which wee humbly certifie to his Highnes ye Lord
Protector and ye Comrs.
Jo. Thorowgood Edw. Cressett Ra Hall Jo. Pocock Ri Yong.^
Thursby
D. 30. ffeby 24th 1659.
Upon ye humble peticon of John Carmichaell Ministr of Thursby
in ye County of Cumberland Ordered yt upon the Petr. pducing
Inquision of ye value of ye Vicarage of Thursby aforesd and makeing
appeare the true yearely value of ye tithes of ye rectory due Course
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 998.
2. Ihid., 980.
3. Ibid., 1004.
Thursby 535
shall be taken for annexeing soe much of ye said tithes to ye said
vicarage as shall make up the value thereof lOOli a yeare. i
Both Calamy and Palmer call him " Carmitchel," and
represent him as ejected from Thursby. Palmer, however,
in his 1802 Edition, says: — "Thursby (V.) North riding.
Mr. John Carmitchel, who afterwards went into Scotland,
This article is now transposed from Cumberland." ^ In
this case again Calamy is more accurate than his reviser :
for the Thursby in question is undoubtedly the Cumberland
Thursby. Scott, in his "Fasti," says that John Carmichael
was " ordained May 24, 1661, as Minister of Thursbie, in
England, presented to the parish of Traquair by Charles II,
11 July, 1661, instituted and admitted 7 Aug., 1662;
deposed 18 Oct., 1665, for declining Episcopacy, when he
joined the Presbyterians, had his share of suffering, and
died at Pittdie in Fife, aged about 36. He left a son,
Frederick, and a daughter Euphan." ^
Wodrow states that John Carmichael was fined " a
hundred merks " in 1670 for being present at a Conventicle
at Livingseat in Carnwath parish, " which made a great
noise at the time." He also informs us that his brother
was the "reverend and learned Mr. Alexander Carmichael,
late minister at Pittenain," both of whom " out of an
earnest desire for the gaining of souls to Christ," joined
for some time " in the course of conformity with the
prelates " ; but that " they came to discover so much evil
in their ways, as to relinquish them, quit their livings,
and cheerfully join themselves with the suffering presby-
terian ministers and people." * If the account given
by Scott be correct, and its circumstantiality is strong
evidence in its favour, the idea of an Ejection from
Thursby would seem to be at fault. The ordination
in May, 1661, may be taken as evidence of Conformity,
and the Presentation to Traquair in the July
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 989.
2. Non. Mem., vol. iii, p. 453 ; Calamy, vol. ii, p. 159.
3. Vol. i, pt. i, p. 257.
4- Hist, of the Sufferings of the Church of Scotland, vol. ii, pp. 159
and 195 (1830 Ed.).
536 The Ejected of 1662
following similarly. Can Calamy have confused his life at
Thiirsby with his subsequent career? It would appear soj
and it is a mistake that might easily occur. If, however,
the same person is intended throughout there would seem
to be some error in the dates. Living in 1670 and dying
at the age of 36 years, he would be very young when he
graduated in 1650.
John Hamilton, 1661 — 1672/3.
The following doubtless relates to him : —
Hamilton. Julij 24, 1645.
It is ordered that Mr. Hamilton Minister of the word be taken care
of by this Comittee to be settled in some sequestred living wthin
the disposal of this Comittee in the Bishoprick of Duresme.'
He was a member of the Darlington Classis in 1645, and
was appointed to Hurd worth, Durham, in April, 1647. ^
Though he was quite ready to accept any " sequestred
living within the disposal of this Coittee," John Hamilton
appears to have been an ardent Royalist; and about 1655
he was ejected from his Hurdworth living. As the case is
one of considerable interest the documents relating to it
are here appended in full : —
To his Highnes the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England,
Scotland and Ireland, and the Dominions thereto belonging.
The humble peticon of John Hamilton of Hurworth upon Tease
in the Countie of Durham.
Most humbly sheweth
That your Petr. being sumoned to appeare before ye Commissioners
for Eiecting of Ignorant scandalous and insufficient Ministers in the
foure Northern Counties sitting at Newcastle upon Tyne to answeare
the Charge of Scandall exhibited against him, Did according to
first Stimonds appeare at ye time and place appointed praying a
Copie of ye Charge on Informacon exhibited against him that hee
might put in his answeare in writeing and have some time to
bringe in witnesses to make good his answeare wch was refused
and yor Petr. required to make a verball answeare imediately els
they would proceed agt him ; The Sevall Articles being read and
yor Petr. perceeveing most of them to be for some frivolous words
in reference to ye late warr aUeadged to have been spoken 7 or
1. Add. MSS. Brit. Mus. 15669.
2. Shaw's Hist. Eng. Ch., vol. ii., pp. 340, 368.
Thursby 537
eight yeares agoe some in ye yeare 1648, some 1649, and some
1650, Did humbly renew his first request. That seeing the Infor-
macon consisted for ye most pt of words alleadged to have been
spoken 7 or 8 yeares agoe in comon ordinary discourse wch could
not possibly bee called to mind upon a sudden he might have a
Copie of them and some fewe houres to putt his answeare, beseeching
ye said Oomissionrs to consider how dangerous a thing it is to
examyne upon oath ordinary people of words spoken so many
yeares agoe further adding that things of that nature were buryed
in oblivion by publicke Act or Ordinance, all wch was reiected
And yor Petr. Voted by ffive Comissioners whose names are under-
written to be elected out of ye Rectory of Hurworth Contrary to
ye expresse Rules and directions specifyed in yor Highnes Ordinance
whereupon yor Petr. did Declare That he did and would appeale
to yor Highnes not doubting to finds redresse of such iniiistice
The next day yor Petr attended ye said Comrs praying a Copie
of his Charge and ye Deposicons of Witnesses if any had been
examyned upon oaths (wch yor Petr. doth much doubt of) as also
a, Copie of theere sentence that yor Petr. might ye more fully
informe yor Highness wch also was and as yett is refused to ye
just admeracon of all that heare of such Strang pceedings and ye
utter ruyne of yor poore Petr. if ye rightious Lord move not yor
Highnes in detestacon of such sinester proceedings to afford some
psent remeady Your Petr hrnnbly beseecheth yor Highnes in ye
bowells of ye Lord Jesus Christ for Justice. And in order thereunto
that yor Highnes may be pleased to grant an Order to the Judges
of Assize to be holden at ye Citie of Durham this instant August
1655, or to either of them, or to ye Justices of ye peace for ye
said Countie or any two or more of them to call before them ye ffive
underwritten Comissioners or some of them to iustify their pro-
ceedings against yor Petr. and if they find that they have proceeded
agt him contrary to ye Rules and directions specifyed in yor Highnes
Ordinance denying yor Petr a Copie of his Charge or any time to
put in his answeare and refusing to examyne any witnesses for and
on ye behalfe of yor Petr. as is abovesaid That in such case they
suspend or repeale ye illegal Vote or Sentence of Electing yor Petr
out of ye Rectory of Hurworth and that hee may bee free from all
inconveniences by ye same till he have a Copie of his Charge and
Witnesses examyned for and on his behalfe as well as against him
And be proceeded against according to yor Highnes Ordinance
And yor Petr shall ever pray etc. John Hamilton.
Robt Fenwick
Tho. Lacie
Robt Sharpe Commissioners
Tho. Huntley
Robt. Johnson.
538 The Ejected of 1662
[All this in the clear minute hand of John Hamilton similar to what
appears in the Thursby Registers ; and appended is the following] : —
Oliver P.
Let this Peticon be showed to the Comissioners herenamed to the
end they may forthwth retorne to Our Coimcell the perticulars of their
proceedings in this business.
[Endorsed]
Jon Hamilton of Hursworth
ref 2 Jan. 1655.'
Right Honorable,
The enclosed Peticon wth the reference of his Highnesse upon the
same delivered us the 5th instant hath putt us upon troubleing yor
honors at this time. May it therefore please yor honors to take
notice that Mr John Hamilton of Hurworth being Summoned before
us upon severall Articles exhibited against him not barely for words
(as he most falsely suggests, and wch yor honrs may evidently see
by the enclosed Articles) but for many grosse scandals in life and
Conversacion, We according to our duty tooke the depositions of
severall witnesses upon oath in the prsence of the said ]Mr. Hamilton
(though he endeavours to ensinuate into his Highnesse that he doubts
whether they were sworne or no) bycause as he told us [Gen. 14. 21
in margin] upon the delivery of the peticon they were not Sworne by
kissing the booke but by lifting up their hands to the high God ; After
the heareing of wch charge upon oath we demanded his answer to the
charges (he haveing heard it all the while) He desires a Copy of this
Charge, and time to bring in his witnesses to prove the Contrary. We
told him we conceeved (and wch yet we humbly present as or
Judgment) that the Comrs were made Judges of the Ordinance whether
the case required it or no ; And for the psent case they being articles
consisting of matter off fact expressing the yeare not the day we
durst not so prophane the name of God as to give oathes to men
concerning an unknowne time to prove a negative, it being not
possible that they could cleare him as to an unknowne day, as also
himselfe for a great while did deny times & places to wch the
witnesses swore though at last he thought it his onely refuge, and it
did plainly appeare to us that his desire was onely a prtence to delay
his eiectment, he haveing forcibly throwne out one who was setled
by Act of Parliamt, and had a Suite at law to comence at Durham
Assizes about it ; Upon wch aforesaid reasons (he haveing heard his
charge) we desired his answer it being all matter of fact, upon which
he did Answr haveing as much liberty and freedome as could be
1. S.P. Dom. Inter., vol. 123, fol. 8
Thursby
539
desired, though his carriage both to witnesses & Comissionrs was
very reproachfull and insolent, and whereas he alledgeth he was
eiected for frivolous words and that spoken many yeares agoe &
p'doned by the Act of Oblivion We humbly conceive that that Act
doth not pardon Drunkennesse, quarrelling and fighting, in a Minister
as to point of Scandall wch admitt it did, yet it appeares upon oath
that he hath bene twice drunk since that act, and wth what colour
he can call Such grosse Scandalls ffrivolous words, we leave to yor
honors to judge ; Haveinge in obedience to his Highnesse Comands thus
given a faithfull Account of our selves and actings, we crave leave
to Subscribe orselves
My Lords
Yor Ldps most humble Servants
Robt. flenwicke
Eobert Johnson.
Robt. Sharpe
The. Lacie
Tho : Huntley.'
Newcastle September 6th
1656.
To the honorable the Comrs for electing of ignorant Scandalous &
insufficient Ministers & Schoolemasters in the foure Northerne Coun-
ties sitting at Newcastle upon Tine.
A Charge of Scandall Exhibited agt Mr. John Hamilton of Hurworth
upon Tease in the County of Durham Clerk Aug. 14th 1655.
1. In the yeare 1650 in or about the latter end of
Witnesses Aprill this Deponent being at Rippon, he saith that
he found Mr. Hamilton in Company wth one ffrancis
Heighington a malignant and that the said Mr. Hamil-
ton was full of drink and that they two together did
drink Divers concealed healthes, and did cast Their
hatts upon the ground, and Mr. Hamiltons hatt was
trodden-on by the said ffrancis Heighington, and that
Thomas the nextinge the aforesaid Mr. Hamilton came into one
Davyson ]\lr. Wearemouths lodgeing and was then also full of
Sworne drink and disfigured by it, and for his drunkenesse &
misdemeanors was reproved by one Corporale White
and Scarred, whereupon the said Mr. Hamilton said
in this Deponent's heareing that he must hencewards
bycause he had to preach and give the Comunion to
the people,
Thomas The same saith this Deponent
Rawling Thomas Davyson.
Sworne. Tho : Rawling.
1. S.P. Dom. Inter., vol. 123, fol. 8, i.
540
The Ejected of 1662
John 2. In the yeare 1650 This Deponent saith that Mr.
Coulson John Hamilton being about to dept the nacon by an
Sworne Act of Pliamt enioyning all Scotchmen to dept this
nacon and takeing leave of this Deponent saith that at
his returne he would be better horsed and if he gott
by Cromwell he would secure the Parish of Hurworth.
John Coulson.
Mr. Leonard 3. In the yeare about 1654 in or about July Mr.
Smithson Hamilton haveing taken possession of the Parsonage
Sworne house by force from Mr. Leonard Wastell then Minister
of Hurworth, This Deponent saith that Mr. Hamilton
sent for him to take away certaine goods belonging to
him and after some discurse touching Mr. Wastell Mr.
Hamilton said these words wch follow (vizt) That the
Wastels & all that take their parts were Murderers,
Traytors & Rebells, and he would maintaine it wth his
life & blood and so long as he had a drop of blood in
him, & would nevr yeild possession of the Parsonage
house so long as he breathed.
Leonard Smithson.
Mr. Robert 4. In the yeare 1648 This Deponent saith that he
Andrson Comeing into the house of Matthew Wilby an Alehouse
Sworne Keep in Croft he found Mr. Hamilton there in Com-
pany wth two Ministrs and Divers othr gents, and
he saith that the said Mr. Hamilton was full of Drinke
and did so abuse divers of the Company by words that
they were ready to fight together, and that the said
Mr. Hamilton did call the Deponent a base bastard
and the sone of an Whore. Robt. Anderson.
John Nesham 5. In the yeare 1652 The Defendant saith that
Sworne himselfe and John Hebburne Clerk being in Darl-
ington at the house of Edward Suretie Inkeep, Mr.
John Hamilton came into their company and after
some discourse did vilify the aforesaid Mr. Hepburne
calling him Turn coat Knave who replyed that he
was a worse Turne coat Knave otherwise he could
not have gott out of prison at London unless thou
hadst taken the engagement wch formerly thou
ptestedst thou wouldst never do. To wch the said
Mr. Hamilton answered thou lyest, I never take it
nor ever will. And this Deponent further saith
that Mr. Hamilton did at the same time offer to
Thursby
541
wager lOli to 5s. that he would regaine the Par-
sonage of Hurworth within 6 months in despight of
Wastells and all that tooke their pts; and uttering
many revileing speeches agt the said Wastels, This
Deponent replyed that they were honest men then
Mr. Hamilton said Thou art a knave in so saying,
and I will maintaine it with my heart and hand, if
thou darest go with me to the doore.
John Nesham.
Mr. 6. This Deponent saith that he found Mr. Hamilton
Kerton so drunk and fallen of his horse that he was scarcely
able either to ride or stand.
Ninian 7. This Deponent saith that he was in Company
Gresham wth Mr. Hamilton at Widow Collings an Alehouse in
Sworne Darnton, where he saw the said Mr. Hamilton drink-
ing Divers healths, and the same was so drunke that
in going homeward he reeled out of the foot-trod
stumbled and fell sometimes over the stile and was
Tho. Bulman not able to go sometimes.
Sworne Ninian Gresham. This Deponent in Particular
led him.
Thomas Bulman.
Ellenor 8. In the yeare 1649 this Deponent Saith that Mr.
Elwood Hamilton did in the open Markett at Darlington revile
Sworne & abuse her calling her whoore she is an houre that
saith it, relating to words she had spoken.
Ellenor Elwood.
Joanna 9. In the yeare 1654 This Deponent Saith that Mr.
Bulman Hamilton did revile her Calling her base Jade severall
Sworne times.
Joanna Bulman.
Thomas Elwood. In the yeare 1652 about November this Deponent
Sworne saith that he being in Company with Mr. Hamilton
at Thomas ffrankland, an Alehousekeep. the said
Mr. Hamilton was distempered through ale from before
Sunrise to Sunsett, and did stumble and fall ; and
further saith that in December 1652 he was in his
Company at the said Thomas flrankland's from morn-
ing till late within night and he saith that the said
542
The Ejected of 1662
Mr. Hamilton was so full of Drink, that he could
not go homeward without reeling and staggering and
was led by this Deponent some part of the way.
Thomas Elwood.
Chrestopher In the year 1654 this Deponent saith that in
Place his hearing Mr. Hamilton said to Mr. Wastell that he
Sworne was a Pedling preacher, and that he had none, but
a Company of pedling hands at his Order, and had a
false & prtended Order.
Chrestophr Place.*
Newcastle
upon Tyne.
By the Comrs. for the eiecting of Scandalous Ignorant & Insuffi-
cient Ministrs & Schoole Masters in the Counties of Cumberland
Durham Northumberland & Westmrland. Aug. 14 1655.
By vertue of the powr & authority to us given by an Ordinance for
the eiecting of Scandalous ignorant & insufficient ^linisters &
Schoolemstrs Ordered that Mr. John Hamilton of Hurworth in the
County of Durham be from this day eiected amoved and discharged
for Sevrall Scandals of frequent alehouse haunting Drunkenesse and
■Quarrelling pved upon oath agt him and he is hereby eiected and
discharged from ye Rectory of Hurworth in the aforesaid County of
Durham, and from all the pfitts hereunto belonging.
A true Copy & exaied by Robt. Kepling Cl.^
Proceedings of Council.
Fryday 4. Jany. 1655.
Mr. Strickland makes report from the Comittee of the Counsell to
whom it was referred to Consider of the pceedings of the Comrs. for
ejecting Scandalous Ministers in the fower Northerne Counties as to
the ejecting of Mr. John Hamilton from the Rectory of Hurworth in
the County of Durham on reading and Consideration whereof It is
ordered by his Highnes the Lord Protector and the Counsell That the
sentence of the .«aid Comrs for ejecting the said John Hamilton out of
the said Rectory of Hurworth be and hereby is affirmed and approved
' and that the Same be pursued to effect, whereof the Said Comrs and
all others whom this may Conc'ne as also the said ^Ir. Hamilton are
to take notice and to Conforme themselves accordingly. 3
In 1657 John Hamilton appears at Kirkbride/ from
1. S. P. Dom. Inter., 123, fol. 8 ii.
2. Ibid., fol. 8 iii.
3- S. P. Dom., Inter. I. 76, p. 452.
4. Vide p. 597.
Thursby 543
which it may be assumed that his character and his
attitude towards the Commonwealth were now such as
satisfied the Commissioners. The Institution Books say-
that he was instituted to Thursby on June 16, 1662, but
he himself states that he was presented November 1661.
He compounded for his First Fruits in 1662. It has
been already intimated that we owe the earlier Registers
to his painstaking efforts. " This vicar," says Dr. James
Wilson, " was a man of many conceits, a feature of his
character to which perhaps we owe the preservation of
these entries. His handwriting is peculiar; his method
of spelling is peculiar; and the title of his Register is
peculiar." ^ He begins his Register in the following way :
The Register book of the Church of Thursbie Contayning
Marrages Baptisms and buriels inserted be me Johne Hammiltoune
Since my entry thereto be ye dean of Careliel his presentation
gevin to me the last of November 1661.
Johannes Hammiltoun's Johne
Anagi. Hammiltoune
Sonuit hosanna Elohim. Anagranfuna
To heaven
Mine >
home.
With reference to this Dr. Wilson remarks : — "A clever
and happy transposition of the letters in a name, though
the pietism savours of Scotland from which apparently
the author had sprung."'^ His spelling certainly is
exceedingly peculiar, the odd thing being that he even
writes his own name with all sorts of variations. The
following entries occur in the Registers : — •
Appryel 29. 1671.
Barbara Hammiltoun the dor of Mr Johne Hammiltoun Minester
at thursbie departed this lyfe at 10 cok of nyt and was Interred in ye
quier the 26 day.
\ Sunday ffebruary ye 23rd 1672-3 Mr. John Hammilton Minister
off Thursbye died and was buried in the Queer uppon Tuesday ye
25 following.
1. Trans. (0. S.), vol. 14, p. 121.
2. Ibid.
544 ^^^ Ejected of 1662
EiCHARD Savage, B.A., 1673—1674.
He was the son of Arthur Savage of Caldbeck, and was
a Cambridge graduate, obtaining his B.A. in 1660. He
was ordained Deacon Sept. 25, 1670, Priest Sept. 21, 1673,
and instituted the day following on the same Presentation
as the preceding. He was inducted October 6th
following and held the living only a year, dying in 1674.
He was interred at Caldbeck as the following from the
Thursby Registers -shows : —
1674 Mr. Eichard Savage INIinister off Thursby Buried att Cald-
beck uppon Satterday the 4th Aprill 1674.
Michael Hodgson, B.A., 1674 — 1679.
He was a Glasgow University graduate and " was
Inducted into the Yicaridge of Thursby the ffifth day of
May anno Dni 1674." ^ This name is not given by
Nicolson and Burn. He appears at Appleby and Kirk-
land. ^
William Atkinson, M.A., 1679 — 1680.
Another Glasgow University graduate, who was ordained
Deacon and Priest Sept. 21, 1673, and instituted March
31, 1679, on the same Presentation, being " inducted into
the Vicaridg of Thursby by Mr. Walker Aacar of Dalston
the 16th Day of May Annoq Dni 1679." s This name
also is omitted by Nicolson and Burn. He was subse-
quently at Morland. *
Thomas Stalker, M.A., 1680—1681.
He was instituted April 6, 1680, on the Presentation of
Thomas Smith, S.T..P. Foster says that he graduated
B.A., Queen's College, Oxford, March 19, 1656-7, and
M.A. Nov. 29, 1660. ^ The following from the Registers
supplies additional information about him : —
This Eegister book for ye parish of Thursby & ye adjacent parts
of Westward was put into ye order following by me Tho. Stalker
1. Parish Eegisters.
2. Vide pp 397, 1135, 1184.
3- Parish Eegisters.
4. Vide p. 1184.
5- Al. Ox.
Thursby 545
Vicar at my Induction ye 23 day of Apr. 1680 Noting in ye first
place ye Christnings yn ye midle ye Marriges at ye End ye
Burialls.
Tho. Stalker Clericus Mr. of Arts Minor Canon of ye Cathedral
Church of Carlile was inducted into ye vicaridge of Thursby ye 23
day of April anno 1680.^
George Tibbold, B.A., 1681—1685.
He was instituted Oct. 21, 1681, on the Presentation
of the Dean and Chapter; and was a Pluralist, having
Asby as well as Thursby.^ Previously he had held
the living of Skelton.^ The two following excerpts from
the Registers supply the dates of his Induction and burial :
An Account of ye Register book of Thursby since Geo Theobald's
cler. was inducted which was on Nov. 7. 1681.
1685 Aprill the 25.
Mr. George Theobals Minister of Thursby died and was buried in
the Sun side of the quir upon Sunday 25th Aprill 1685.
Matthew Preston, B.A., 1685—1693.
He matric. in Queen's Coll. Oxford, on March 29, 1672,
and graduated B.A. in 1675.,* He was ordained Deacon
February 19, 1674/5, Priest March 7, 1676/7, and had
previously been at Sebergham.^ His institution to
Thursby was on Sept. 18, 1685, on the same Presentation,
and his Induction on the same day.
The following are from the Registers : —
1689 July ye 12. Elizabeth the wife of Mr. Preston vicar of Thursby
was buryed in ye south side of the Quier.
1693 Mr. Matthew Preston Minister of Thursby dyed & was
Buryed in ye South Side of ye Quire the 10th day of Aprill 1693.
Joseph Waite, 1693—1726.
That is how the name appears in the Registers.
Nicolson and Burn, however, give " White," and against
the name have the date 1699. He was instituted July 27,
1. Vide also p. 186, 315.
2. Vide p. 1113.
3. Vide p. 481.
4. Al. Ox.
5. Vide p. 500.
A J
546
The Ejected of 1662
1693, and had been licensed to teach boys at Holm
Cultram, Sept. 30, 1681. A person of this name was B.A.
of Catherine College, Cambridge, in 1664, and M.A. in
1668.1
The following appear in the Registers : —
1695 Oct 31 was Aggnes ye Daughtr of Mr. Joseph Waite Vicar of
Thursby Baptized.
Dec. 22. 1698 Bridget ye daughter of Mr. Joseph Waite vicar of
Thursby baptized.
1726 March 27. The Revd. Mr. Joseph Waite vicar of Thursby was
buried.
1. Cant Grad.
IV. CALDBECK.
Tliis village lies some eight miles east of Wigton in
close proximity to the Skiddaw range of mountains. It is
only two or three miles from Hesket Newmarket. The
Church at Caldbeck is comparatively modern, but the
foundation is ancient. The Registers begin about 1647.
The first two pages of the book are occupied mainly with
entries of the Hutton and Yaux families, some bearing
dates as early as 1640, 1631 and even 1628. Probably
they are simply family memoranda inserted by a later
hand. The Churchwardens' Accounts begin in 1666.
The following is the Incumbent list : —
Thomas Fairfax, M.A., B.D., 1583.
He matriculated Queen's College, Cambridge, in March,
1557-8, took his B.A. in 1560-1, subsequently became
Fellow of Catherine, and took his M.A. and B.D. degrees.
He was collated to the Canonry at Carlisle Jan. 15, 1577-8,
and instituted to Caldbeck in 1583 on a Presentation by
" Thomas Hammond, chancellor of the diocese, who had a
grant from the Bishop of the Advowson for 20 years." ^
Nicolson and Burn speak of the death of Thomas Fairfax
in 1640, and the reader would infer that the reference is
to the person before us, and that he held the living until
this date. Such, however, is not the case. He vacated
his Carlisle Canonry in, or before, 1595, and became
Chaplain to Toby Matthew, Bishop of Durham. Whether
he resigned the Caldbeck living at the same time does not
appear.^
Thomas Fairfax, 1640.
. He was the son of his predecessor, and is the person who
died in 1640. He married Grace, daughter of William
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 137.
2. Ath. Cant. vol. ii, p. 176.
548 The Ejected of 1662
Hutton, of Greystoke, and a son, Anthony, born at
Caldbeck, matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford,
Nov. 21, 1628, aged 20 years. ^ It was his son, William
Fairfax, that was Rector of Bolton and Castle Sowerby.^
Frederick Tunstall, M.A., 1640 — 1645.
He was of a distinguished family in Middlesex;
matriculated Queen's College, Oxford, Nov, 21, 1628, at
the age of 14 years; graduated B.A. Nov. 4, 1630,
and M.A. June 21, 1633. He had a brother,
Henry, also a Queen's College graduate, as was
his son Walter, who matriculated March 23, 1665-6,
aged 18, being described as of Carlisle.^ Frederick
Tunstall, frequently Tonstall, was collated by Bishop
Potter July 3, 1640, and in that year he compounded for
his First Fruits, as the following testifies : —
October 1640
Caldbecke Frederick Tonstall
Minister of,
Johnes Tunstall de
Adgcombe in Com. Surrey. 4
He appears among the subscribers to the Carlisle garrison
in 1644, the amount of his subscription being £2-0-0.
Walker says in reference to him: — "He was a Learned
Worthy Person, of a Good Famiily, and Died before the
Hapfy Restoration." ^
The following documents give the reason for his Seques-
tration dealing also with the provision of Fifths for his
wife; and they illustrate the policy pursued by the
Commonwealth at this time : —
Colbeck. Julij 29. 1645.
Whereas this Coittee is informed that the Rectory of the pish
Church of Calbeck in the County of Cumberland is wholy Deserted
by Tonstall Rector thereof & that he hath betaken himselfe unto the
forces raised against the Parliamt and that the same is therefore
T. Al. Ox
2. Vide pp. 492, 565.
3. AI. Ox.
4. Composition Books (Record Office).
5. Walker, part ii, p. 10.
' Caldbeck 549
sequestred to the use of Eichard Lingard who is nominated to the
rectory & church of Workington in the said County It is ordered that
the said Rectory of Colbeck shall from henceforth stand so sequestred
to the use of Eichard Hutton a godly & orthodox divine who is hereby
requested forthwth to officiate the Cure of the said Church as rector
and to preach diligently to the pishoners there. ^
Colbeck. Julij 29. 1645.
Ordered that the Eectory of Colbeck in the County of Cumberland
Deserted by Tonstall who hath betaken himselte to the Army agt ye
Parliamt be sequestred to the use of Richard Hutton Minister of
the word. Referred the said Eichard Hutton to ye Assembly to be
Exaided for the said Church.*
Welbeck. [Caldbeck.] 18 April 1646.
Upon the humble peticon of [name left blank] the wife of ffredrick
Tonstall from whom the vicarage of Welbeck in the County of
Cumberland is sequestred It is ordered that the sd Mrs. Tonstall shall
have for & towards the maintennce of her & her Children the full
cleare 5th pte of all the tithes rents, glebe lande & Easter booke of the
sd Rectorie (all taxes & charges first deducted out of the whole)
unlesse good cause be shewn to the contrary on the 16th dai of July
next. 3
Caldbeck, August 19. 1646.
Upon consideracon had of the peticon of Richard Hutton Minister
of Caldbeck in the County of Cumbrland this Coittee doe declare &
order that Mary the wife of ffrederick Tunstale from whome the
rectorie of Caldbeck aforesd is sequestred shall have the 5th pte of
the pfits of the sd rectorie from the time that the said Mrs. Tunstale
did peticon for the said fift pte & not before & yt all taxes & charges
be first deducted out of the whole & that the same be paid in Money
by the sd Mr. Hutton & not in specie which the Coittee for ye sd
County are desired upon exaicon of pties on both sides concerning the
value of the said Living to ascertaine & see pd accordingly. 4
Caldbeck. December 4. 1646.
Upon consideracon had of the peticon of Mary wife of ffrederick
Tonstall from whom the Rectory of Caldbeck in the Countie of
Cumberland is Sequestred & Sevrall Certificates from divers of the
Cottee of pliamt for the Said Countie whereby it appears that Mr.
Hutton to whome the said Rectorie is Sequestred hath hitherto
deteyned the 5th pte of the profitts of the sd Rectorie to her greate
1. Add MSS., Brit. Mus., 15669.
2. Ihid.
3. Ihid., 15670.
4. Ibid.
550 The Ejected of 1662
impoverishmt notwithstanding the Cotees order to the Contrarie It is
ordered that he doe pale unto the sd Mrs. Tunstall the full 5th pte of
ye pffitts of the said Rectorie together with all arreare thereof from
the tyme that the first peticone for the same within 14 daies after
notice & sight hereof In default whereof It is ordered that the said
Rectorie shall stand Sequestred from him and that he doe then also
make his psnall appearance before this Cotee on the 11th day of
ffebruary next to answere the said Contempt.'
Caldbeck. Martii 26. 1647.
It is ordered that the Peticon of Mary the wife of ffrederick
Tunstall from whom the Rectorye of Caldbeck in the Countie of
Cumberland is sequestred (a Coppie whereof is hereto annexed) be
referred to the Comittee of pliamt for the said Countie who are
desired to examine whether the 5th pte Graunted her out of the sd
Rectorie be of soe small a vallew that it will not afford her & her
Children a Subsistence & to Certifie the same And in case it shall
appeare to be of soe small a vallew This Cotee will then take into
Consideracon the peticon for relievinge her out of the Prebend
belonging to the Church at Carlile Sequestred from her said husband.'
Richard Lingard, 1645.
Under Workington a fuller notice of liim appears.^ He
could have held the Caldheck living only a few months.
Richard Hutton, M.A., 1645—1662.
According to Foster, Richard Hutton was a Cambridge
graduate, but incorporated in Oxford July 15, 1617.
" One of these names," says he [he gives four Richard
Huttons] " sequestered to the vicarage of Brightlingsea^
Essex, and to the rectory of Workington, Cumberland,
1645, which he exchanged for Caldbeck, July same year."^
His identification with the Essex Hutton is tolerably
certain ; but whether Foster's suggestion that he was the
Cambridge graduate of 1617 be correct is not clear. His
appointment to Brightlingsea must have been about 1642
or 1643, and the gap between that and 1617 is very con-
siderable, during which we have little information about
him. He was in charge of the Curacy of Norton Mande-
1. Bodl. MS., 324.
2. Ibid., 324.
3. Vide p. 787.
4. Al. Ox.
Caldbeck 551
ville in 1640/ and how long he had been there we do not
know. Davids says : —
The Brightlingsea Vicarage was sequestered to his use from Robert
Pettit, for "several misdemeanours." He was removed from Bright-
lingsea, by order of the Committee for Plundered Ministers, to
Cumberland, before November 29. 1645 The Rev. James
Thwaites, the present rector of Caldbeck, [1863] kindly informs me
that Hutton became rector there in 1657, and that the first register
opens with entries relating to six children of his.^
The date 1657 is clearly a mistake. The documents
above cited refer to the transfer of Richard Lingard from
Caldbeck to Workington, and Richard Hutton from
Workington to Caldbeck in 1645. In either case the
living could have been held only a week or two before the
transfer was effected. Hichard Lingard complained that
Hutton kept him out of the Workington Rectory, and the
documents dealing with that matter, and Mrs. Tunstall's
Fifths do not present Hutton to advantage. Where
money was concerned, even Ministers sometimes proved
to be very human.
Reference has also been made to the Hutton entries in
the Registers, and it will be convenient at this point to
insert them. Unfortunately in one or two cases the
writing is not decipherable : —
Ann the daughter of Richard and Ann Hutton baptized April 10th.
Anno Domini 1640.
Elizabeth ye daughter of Richard and Ann Hutton Baptized
January ye first Anno Domj 1642.
Ffrances the daughter of Richard and Dorothy Hutton was baptized
November 24 A.D. 1650.
Dorothy ye daughter of Richard & Dorothy Hutton was baptized
July ye 24th Anno Domj 1652.
Grace Hutton ye daughter of Richard & Dorothy Hutton was
baptized february 14. x\nno Domj 1656.
Thomas the Sone of Richard & Dorothy Hutton was baptized
December 2nd 1657.
These are ye names of ye children of Richard Hutton minister of
Caldbeck.
1. Newcourt's Reper., vol. ii, p. 440.
2. Annals of Evangelical Nonconformity m Essex, p. 542.
552 The Ejected of 1662
Ann the wife of Richard Hutton Minister of Caldbeck was buried
in the Church of Caldbeck July 17 Anno Domj. 1644 having had . . .
Richard Hutton her . . . being husband 8 children.
Richard Hutton and Dorothy ye daughter of Mr. Richard Sisson of
Dacre were maried ye 12th day of August An. Domj. 1649.
William pattison of Carlisle & Elizabeth Hutton of Caldbeck were
married on Seaventh day of November 1659.
John ffell and Ann Hutton were maried December 12th. 1659.
William ye son of Richard Hutton and Dorothy was baptized
October 17. An. 1661.
The statement that Richard Hutton had eight children
by his first wife, Ann, who died in 1644, goes some way
towards filling the long gap previously named; and so
towards justifying Foster's conjecture that he was the
Cambridge M.A. of 1617 ; and the further statement of
his wife's burial at Caldbeck, in July, 1644, raises some
interesting questions. Richard Hutton was not at that
time Minister at Caldbeck. If indeed he had left Essex
he could only just have done so. Why then Caldbeck as
a burial place for his wife? Hutton is a north country
name, and the suggestion is that both he and his wife
were natives of these parts.
Caldbeck was visited by George Fox in 1653, the
Bewleys of Hallcliffe Hall, in the Parish, being early
converted to the movement. He was followed almost
immediately by Robert Withers, one of his preachers, an
account of whose experiences is as follows : —
1653 And from Embleton the sd R. W. was moved to goe to Cold-
beck Steeple house, where he spoke to priest Hutton, when he was in
his high place, and the Rude people, the priest's hearers, threw
Robert down amongst the seats, and Dragged him forth into the yard,
and threw him down upon the ground, and punch'd & Beat him until!
the blood gushed out at his mouth. And he lay for Dead some time
But a woman took pity of him, & held up his Head till his Breath
came to him again (as some sd who stood by).^
Calamy does not give Richard Hutton as one of his
Ejected Ministers ; but Palmer on the authority of Nicol-
son and Burn adds him to the list.^ The statement of
the latter is to the following effect : —
1. The First Publishers of the Truth, p. 35.
2. Non. Mem., vol. iii, p. 355.
Caldbeck
553
In 1657 Richard Hutton was rector, who probably was deprived in
his turn by the Bartholomew act, for in 1663 Arthur Savage, M.A.,
who had been ejected from Brougham in 1644, was collated by Bishop
Sterne, i
According to the entries in the Eegisters above given lie
was here in October 1661 ; and his Ejection seems very
probable, though it is a rare case in our area of one so late
as 1662. The following bears upon the matter : —
Sequestratio Rectoriae Ecclesiae paroch. de Caldbeck Concessa est
Magro Arthuro Savage ultimo die Mensis Decembris Anno Dni 1663 2
E-ichard Hutton disappears completely from view. A
person of that name held the Bootle living after the
E/estoration f but whether he was any connection cannot
be ascertained.
Arthur Savage, M.A., 1663—1700.
Under Brougham, Westmorland, Walker says : —
He was first, Despossest of this Living in 1644 ; and about Three
years after got into it again, and kept it till the year 1655 ; but
without receiving any of the Profits all that time except One Year.
What became of him afterwards I know not. 4
His son, E-ichard Savage, was Yicar of Thursby,^ and Mrs.
Savage was buried April 29, 1685. Arthur Savage was
particularly aggressive against the Quakers, who were
numerous in this district.*^ He was Sir Philip Musgrave's
intimate friend, and it is recorded that he " lived many
years in his house, taught his children, and did ye offices
of a Minister of God's word." ^
Jeffrey Wybergh, LL.B., 1701 —
He was collated Mar. 7, 1700/1, and was previously at
Bewcastle and Lamplugh.*^
1- Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 137.
2- Episcopal Reg. Carl.
3. Vide p. 864.
4- Walker, part ii, p. 372.
5. Vide p. 544.
6. Vide Besse's "Sufferings," etc., vol. i, pp. 132, 133.
7- Life of Sir Philip Musgrave, by Gilbert Burton (p. 34). There are
some other interesting references to Arthur Savage in this pamphlet.
8. Vide pp. 294, 776.
Y. ULDALE.
In older documents this place appears as " Ulndale. "
It is about a couple of miles from Ireby in a southerly
direction. The old Church on the roadside, a quaint looking
structure, is little used, a new one having been erected
nearer the village. The Church is dedicated to St. John,
and the Registers begin in 1642, running on continuously.
They are in excellent condition, being a copy from much
older ones as the following shows : —
This copy is taken from an old paper Register and begins with part
of ye year 1642.
At the end is the following : —
Copy'd by me Edward Backhouse Rector in the year 1725.
It contains a list of Rectors. Bishop Nicolson, in 1703,
thus refers to the Registers as they were in his day : —
The Remains of the Register-Book commence at 1605 the rest
haveing been the less carefully look'd after, because at the end of each
year (as appears by what's left) the Minister and Churchwardens used
to certify that a Copy of that year's Lists was given into Court at the
Annual Visitation or General Chapter. Towards the beginning of
last Century particular Notice is taken of all the Sundayes whereon
either Mr. Atkinson (or any other Minister) preach 'd in the Church :
And it is observ'd that the Bishop (who must be Bp Snowden)
preach'd here on July 18. 1620. NB. Lancelot the Son of Sr Francis
Salkeld Kt. appears to have been Christen'd here on the 16th of
January A.D. 1661.^
The following is a list of Incumbents : —
James Carlile, M.A., 1583—1624.
He was instituted June 18, 1583, and is described as
" Deacon."
George Hudson, 1624—1647.
He was instituted Oct. 21, 1624, and was also Rector of
1. Miscel., p. 79.
Uldale 555
Kirkbride. Foster says respecting him : — "Of Westmorland .
St. Edmund Hall, matric. 20 Jan., 1608-9, aged 29; rector
of Kirkbride, and of Uldale, Cumberland, 1624 ; father of
Christopher 1623." This Christopher Hudson graduated
M.A. from the same University matriculating there Feb.
14, 1622-3 ^ at the age of 16. George Hudson died in
1647, his burial entry in the Uldale Registers reading
thus : —
1647 Mr George Hudson Parson of Uldale was bury'd ye 17th Day
of September.
Henry Fallowfield, 1647 — 1665,
Doubtless he belonged to the same family as Richard
Fallowfield, who was at Crosby Garrett in 1596, and who
is given as of Westmorland. The Sedbergh School
Register has Henry Fallowfield, born in Westmorland,
who entered St. John's College, Cambridge, from that
School in 1626, being elected a Fellow in 1633.2 This
may have been the Uldale Incumbent. The Registers
contain the following Fallowfield entries : —
1649 William ye Son of Mr. Fallowfield was baptiz'd ye 20th Day of
June.
1651 Christopher ye Son of Mr. Henry Fallowfield was baptiz'd the
29th of October.
1656 Augustine the Son of Henry Fallowfield Rector of ye Rectory
of Uldale was baptized upon ye 24th of September.
1665 Mr. Henry Fallowfield Rector of Uldale was bury'd upon ye
25th Day of June at Temple Sowerby Church in Westmorland Mr.
Bernard Robinson made a Sermon ye same day.
From this it would appear that Henry Fallowfield's
ministry received no interruption at the Restoration,
though he was appointed during the Commonwealth.
From the fact, however, that he received a new Institution
on Oct. 15, 1662, on a Presentation by ''Jo. Dalston Ar."
it would seem that in this way he sought to secure his
position.
William Walker, M.A., 1665—1677.
He was instituted Dec. 9, 1665, on the same Presenta-
1. Al. Ox.
2. P. 71.
556 , The Ejected of 1662
tion and was a Pluralist having Kirkby There as well as
Uldale.^ He compounded for his First Fruits in 1666.
His burial entry is thus given : —
1677 Mr. William Walker Parson of Uldale was bury'd the 26th
Day of May Mr. Guy preach'd ye same day.
During the vacancy the following are named among the
preachers who did duty here : —
[1677] June ye 24th Mr. Wm. Ardrey preach'd at Uldale Church by
my Lord Bishop's Order.
July ye 1st. Mr. Atkinson preach'd.
July ye 8th Mr. Guy preach'd.
July ye T5th Mr. Ardrey preach'd.
July ye 22nd Mr. Brisco preach'd.
July ye 29th Mr. Ardrey preach'd.
Henry Guy, 1677—1684.
He was instituted Aug. 19, 1677, on the same Presenta-
tion. Foster gives Henry Guy as son of " William of
Kendal, Westmorland, pleb. pp. Queen's Coll. matric. 20
May, 1664, aged 17; B.A. 1667, M.A. 1670; incorporated
at Cambridge 1671." '^ This may have been the Uldale
Rector. The following from the Registers refer to his
family : —
1680 Henry the son of Mr. Henry Guy rector of Uldale was baptiz'd
ye 20th Day of June.
1682 John ye Son of Mr. Henry Guy was baptiz'd ye 1st Day of
October.
John ye Son of Mr. Henry Guy was bury'd ye 27th Day of October
[1682].
In the Boltongate Registers is the following : —
Phillis ye daughter of Mr. Henry Guy was bapt. ye first of January
1676-7.
She was buried a few months later in the same place.
Precisely the significance of these entries is not clear,
unless it be that Henry Guy was already resident and
doing duty in the district. This may well have been so
in view of Walker's Pluralism.
1. Vide p. 1171.
2- Al. Ox
Uldale 557
Henry Guy ceded in 1684; and possibly the following
may refer to him : —
Easter 1696.
Henry Guy of Watercroke CI. being suspected to be disafected to
ye Governmt is in Custody at Carlisle aforesd.'
Thomas Nevinson, M.A., 1684—1697.
He was inducted Octv 29, 1684, and ceded f or Torpenhow,
in the account of which place the reader will find further
information about him.^ The Registers give the follow-
ing respecting his children : —
1692 Susanna the Daughter of Mr. Thomas Nevinson Eector of
Uldale was baptiz'd ye 4th day of April.
1697 Ann ye Daughter of Mr. Thomas Nevinson Eector of Uldale
was baptiz'd the 10th Day of October.
Peter Gregory, B.A., 1697—1719.
He was instituted March 3, 1697, on a Presentation by
the executor of " Xpr Dalston Ar." Foster says: — " S.
of Giles of Ashpool, co. Lancaster, pleb. Brasenose Coll.
matric. 13 May, 1681, aged 17 ; B.A. from Hart Hall 1685 ;
rector of Uldale, Cumberland, 1698." The Chester
Visitation Books state that he "exhibited" as Deacon at
Hoole, in Lancashire, in 1685. It appears from the
following that he sought the living at Dean : —
1705 Apr. 9 Munday. At Dinner Mr. Gregory and Mr. Lindsey of
Melmerby. The former in danger of loseing Dean by G. Lowther's
better Interest in Ld Wharton, & Concerned at Encroachmts on his
glebe at Ulndale ; the Latter uneasy in the want of his Dues but will
not Sue. 3
Gregory was not successful in his suit. For some time he
held the living at Cockermouth, also the Bassenthwaite
Curacy. *
He died in 1719.
1. Kendal Indictment Book.
2. Vide pp. 356, 582.
3. Trans. (N. S.), vol. iii, p. 3.
4. Vide pp. 675, 703.
558
The Ejected of 1662
Edward Backhouse, B.A., 1719 — 1752.
Foster says that he was the son of Thomas Backhouse,
of Caldbeck, matriculated Queen's College, Oxford, July
9, 1713, at the age of 18 years, taking his B.A. in 1717.
As already intimated, it is to him that we are indebted
for the copy of the Registers now in existence. He died
in 1752. He took charge also of Ireby. ^
1. Vide p. 562.
VI. ' lEEBT.
Formerly a market town, Ireby is now a considerable
Tillage, about seven miles south west of Wigton. The original
Churcb, of which only a fragment remains, was about a
mile and a half from the village, but the present building
is in its centre. It is dedicated to St. James. The oldest
Registers are a flat, parchment volume, and they begin in
1705. They are headed thus : —
The Register of the Births Marriages & Burialls within the Parish
of Ireby^ from the year of our Lord 1705
Begun by
Tho.Ne Vinson
Vicar of Torpenhow,
and
Curate of Ireby
So teach us to number our days that we may apply our hearts unto
wisdom.
The County Histories give us no assistance with
Teference to a list of Curates or Incumbents, and only two
or three names for the Century have been recovered : —
John Harrison, 1655.
The Survey of 1649 has the following : —
Paid out of the Rectory of lerbye for a Curat Wages five pounds by
Mr. John Relfe.^
Unfortunately the name of this " Curat " is withheld ;
nor do we know anything of John Harrison beyond what
is contained in the following documents : —
Ireby. July 24. 1655.
Whereas ye Curacy of ye pish Church of Ireby in ye County of
Cumberland is at pnt destitute of a minister And Mr John Harrison
Minr. of ye word hath applied himselfe to these Trustees for his
Settlemt in ye said Church It is ordered yt ye said INIr. Harrison be
1. Lambeth MSS., Surveys, vol. ii.
56o
The Ejected of 1662
setled ^linister of ye said Church Provided he first pcure ye appro-
bacon of ye Comrs for approbacon of publique preachers in yt behalfe.
Jo. Thorowgood Ric Sydenham Jo. Humfrey Jo Pocock Ri Yong.'
Ireby
John Harrison. Know all men by these psents Order
that the first day of August July 24. 1655
in the yeare One thousand
Six hundred ffifty and five There was John Harrison
exhibited to ye Comissionrs for approbation Cert as aforsd
of publique preachers An order of ye by
Trustees for maintenance of Ministers for Geo. Larkham
ye setlement of Mr John Harrison of
in the Cure of the parish Church of Ireby ^ Cockermouth
in the County of Cumberland Geo. Benson of
Together with a testimony in the Bride Kirke
behalfe of the said John Harrison Rich, filetcher
of his holy and good Conversation of Distinction
Upon perusall and due consideration of the pmisses John Woods.
and finding him to be a person qualified as in
and by the Ordinance for such approbation is
required The Comissionrs above Menconed have
adjudged & approved the said John Harrison
to be a fit person to preach the Gospell and have
Graunted him admission & doe admitt the said
John Harrison to the Cure of Ireby aforesaid to be
full & perfect possessor and Incumbent thereof.
And doe hereby signify to all persons concerned herein
that he is hereby instituted to ye profits & perquisitts
& all Rights & dues incident & belonging to ye
said Cure as fully & effectually as if he had been
instituted & inducted according to any such Lawes
& Customes as have in this case formerly
beene made had or used in this Realme
In Witnesse whereof they have caused the
Comon Seal to be hereunto affixed & ye same
to be attested by the Hand of ye Regestrar by
his Highnesse in that behalfe appointed
Dated at Whitehall the first day of August,
One Thousand six hundred fifty & five. 2
Ireby : The like [approval] for Mr. John Harrison for the Cure of
Ireby in ye County of Cumberland.* [Aug. 1. 1655.]
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 1008.
2. Ihid., 996.
3. Ibid., 968.
Ireby 561
Ireby. August 13. 1655.
Whereas ye Curacy of ye pish Church of Ireby in ye County of
Cumberland is at pret destitute of a Minr & ye Care of pviding for. ye
same is in these Trustees It is ordered yt Mr. John Harrison (approved
&c) doe & he is hereby Authorised forthwith to officiate ye Cure of ye
said Church by diligent preaching & instructing ye pishionrs of ye
said pish & yt he shall have for his paines therein ye yearely Sume of
50li out of ye pfits of ye Rectory of Ireby aforesaid ye same to be
accompted from ye first of August instant & to be Continued unto him
for such time as he shall discharge ye duty of ye Minister of ye said
place or till further ordr of ye said Trustees. And Mr. Edmund
Branthwaite Eeceivr is hereby appointed and Authorised to pay ye
Same unto him accordingly.
Jo. Thorowgood Jo Humfrey Jo Pocock Ra Hall Ric. Yong. i
Ireby. May. 25. 1658.
Ordered that Mr. Edmund Branthwaite Recr doe inquire the true
yearlie value of the tithes of Ireby in the Countie of Cumberland and
some responsible person or per.sons to take the same and certifie his
doings therein to these Trustees by the 29th of June next when these
Trustees doe appoint to lett the said Tithes whereof publique notice is
to be given in the said parish. 2
July 9. 1658.
Ireby. Mr Harrison moves that he may have ye rectory Settled on
him — give him all except the old rent. 3
Ireby. July 14. 1658.
Whereas the tithes of the impropriate rectory of Ireby in the
County of Cumberland are come into ye possion of these Trustees by
expiration of the lease thereof In whom the care of providing for the
Cure of the said Church is incumbent It is ordered yt the rents and
profiitts of the said tithes bee graunted to and for increase of the main-
tennce of the ministr of Ireby aforesaid and from time to time inioyed
by Mr. John Harrison approved by the Comrs for approbation of
publique preachers for such time as hee shall continue minister of Ireby
aforesaid or further ordr of these Trustees. And yt Mr. Edmund
Branthwayte Recr. doe permitt him to receive ye same accordingly
being of the yearly value of three score and seaventien poundes six
shillings eight pence.
Jo. Thorowgood Edw. Cressett Ra. Hall Jo. Humfrey Ri. Yong. 4
1- Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 972.
2. Ibid., 980.
3. Ibid., 985.
4. Ibid., 995.
A K
562 The Ejected of 1662
July 14. 1658.
Ireby Settled the whole tithe of Ireby upon ye Minister during his
Ministry.^
A person of this name was at Barton in 1663.2
Thomas Holme, 1684.
He was ordained Deacon Aug. 17, 1662, and Priest
Sept. 20, 1663. The Uldale Registers contain the
following : —
1684 Anne the wife of John Fell of Stockdale was bury'd ye 9th
Day of November whose funeral Sermon Thomas Holme Curate of
Ireby preach'd Text. Heb. 9. 27. And it is appointed unto all men
once to Dye but after that ye Judgmt.
He was subsequently at Westward.^
Joseph Waite, 1686.
He is given in the Episcopal Register as Curate here in
May, 1686, and was subsequently at Thursby.
Thomas Nevinson, 1693 — 1728.
He was Vicar of Torpenhow, and held the living of
Ireby as well, being licensed to serve this Cure Oct. 31,
1693.^
Thomas Cantley, 1728-9.
His marriage appears in the Registers thus : —
1728-9 Thomas Cantley Clerk & Deborah Kalph Married the 14th
Day of ffebruary.
Edward Backhouse, 1735.
He signs the Registers as Curate this year. He also
held the living at Uldale.^
Benjamin Lazonby, 1753.
He appears in the Registers this year.
James Marshall, 1778.
He was appointed January, 1778.
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 985.
2. Vide p. 1226.
3. Vide p. 529.
4. Vide p. 582.
5. Vide p. 558.
Ireby
56;
►
The Registers state : —
The Number of Families in the Parish of Ireby as given in to the
Bishop the 14th day of June 1749 at his Primary Visitation at Wigton
The Parish of Ireby contains seventy three Families
to wit
Of Quakers 2
Of Papists 1.
Of ye Communicants of
the Church of England... 70
In all 73.
The Number of Families in the Parish of Ireby as given to the
Bishop ye 11 of June 1763, 75 Families all of the Communion of the
Church of England Except one Family of Quakers.
VII. BOLTON.
This place often appearing as Bolton, sometimes as Bolton
Mealsgate and Boltongate, must be carefully distinguished
from Bolton in Westmorland, between Kirkby Thore and
Morland. It is a small village about two miles south east
of Mealsgate Station, and half a dozen south west of
Wigton. The Church is dedicated to All Saints, and the
present Rector claims uniqueness for its vaulted roof.
" Probably," he says, " it is the only one in England,
certainly there is not more than another like it." ^ The
Registers are in a very dilapidated condition, and begin
with April 3, 1619, an earlier volume having disappeared.
Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1703, refers to this earlier
book, which, he says, began in 1574; and he further
states that it " like other matters has been much neglected
and spoil'd." ^ The writing of the earliest existing
Register Book is faded in many places. After 1637 it
becomes even more illegible, and a break occurs until
about 1662. The next volume is oblong, and is stated ta
have been bought in 1711. It is signed " Obadiah Yates,
Rector."
The following is a list of Incumbents : —
William Turner, 1567 — 1628.
He was presented by George Porter of Bolton. Foster,
who mentions several William Turners among his Oxford
graduates, has the following in relation to William Turner,,
student, Christ Church, in 1561:— "B.A. 22 Oct., 1562,
M.A. 13 Feb., 1565-6, B.D. sup. June, 1573; one of these
names rector of Bolton, Cumberland, 1568." ^ His burial
entry appears in the Registers thus : —
1. Rector's communication.
2. Miscel.; p. 92.
3- Al. Ox.
Bolton 565
Mr. Wyllni Turn, pson of bolton was buryed ye 4th Day of november
1628.
William Fairfax, M.A., 1629.
The Institution Books say that he was instituted Dec. 9
1629, on a Presentation by " Ricus Tolson Ar. et Tho.
ffairfax Cli hac vice Patron." The Episcopal Register
gives January 10th, 1629-30 as the date. The following
entry occurs in the Registers : —
Mr. William Fairfax Rector of Bolton was buried ye 2nd of May
1665.
This seems to suggest a continuous ministry through all
the changes of the Commonwealth and the Restoration ;
but the case is by no means so simple as that. William
Fairfax was a Pluralist^ having the Castle Sowerby ^
living in addition to the one at Bolton. In 1646 he
resigned the Castle Sowerby living and retained Bolton.
At the Restoration he resumed the Castle Sowerby living,
which he finally resigned in 1664, a little before his death.
The difficulty is to say what happened in relation to
the Bolton living ; but the evidence points in the direction
of Sequestration.
John Forward, 1655/6 — 1660.
Calamy refers to John Forward as an Ejected Minister
who afterwards conformed. In his 1713 Edition, he says,
with reference to him and some others, that he no longer
includes them in his list of Ejected Ministers, having been
informed since his previous Edition that they had con-
formed. - Foster mentions several persons of this name,
but he makes no attempt to identify any one of them with
the person in question. John Forward appears to have
been previously at Bassenthwaite and Lamplugh.^
The Lambeth MS., 1021, under Feb. 29, 1655-6, says :
" Dalston — put Mr. Forward." This, however, does not
appear to have been done ; and the same document, under
Nov. 22, 1654, gives a Mr. Forward for "Mary Ottery"
1. Vide p. 492.
2. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 161.
3. Vide pp. 672, 773
566 ' The Ejected of 1662
in Cornwall, but whether this is the same individual has
not been ascertained. John Forward appears among
Peter Jackson's certifiers in 1655-6, and is there described
as " of Bolton." ^ Unless, therefore, that is an error on
the part of the scribe, he must have removed from
Lamplugh almost immediately. The following deals with
his Augmentation : —
Bolton. March 2nd 1659.
Whereas it appeares by ordr of ye Comittee for plundred Ministers
in that behalfe that ye psent Maintennce belonging to Mr. John
fforward Ministr of Bolton in the County of Cumberland doth not
exceede ye yearely value of 551i ye said parish is large & the said Mr.
fforward able & deserving whereupon the said Comittee have especially
referred it to these Trustees to consider how an Augmentacon may be
speedily setled upon the said i\Ir. fforward for increase of his Main-
tennce In pursuance of ye sd ordr of ye Comittee for plundred
Ministrs It is ordered that the yearely sume of fforty poundes be
Graunted to & for increase of the ^laintennce of the said Mr. fforward
and that the same be from time to time paid unto him To hold for
such time as he shall continue faithfully to discharge ye duty of the
Ministr of the said place or further order And that Mr. Edmund
Branthwaite Recr doe pay ye same unto him accordingly out of the
rents and profitts of the tithes of Meale Garner of Carlisle in the said
County.
Jo. Thorowgood Geo Cowper Ri Yong Jo Pocock Wm Skynner.'
Two or three members of the Forward family suffered
Ejection after the Restoration, and it would appear that
something approaching it was experienced by John
Forward. He was here as late as March, 1659-60 ; and at
the Restoration, William Fairfax being still alive,
Forward would have to make way for the old Incumbent.
We lose sight of him from this point. A person of this
name compounded in 1667 for his First Fruits as
Minister of Alford, Sussex. Dorset and Devon are the
two counties where the family abounded at this time. It
may be that he was a native of those parts and returned
thither at the Restoration.^
1. Vide p. 496.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 987.
3. Vide Cong. Trans., Oct., 1908, p. 344; May, 1909, p. 125; and
Calamy, vol. ii, p. 270.
Bolton 567
William Fairfax, M.A., 1660—1665.
He retained the living this time until his death which
occurred in 1665.
Daniel Heckstetter, M.A., 1665 — 1686.
He belonged to the Heckstetters of Keswick, a Dutch
family, who came over to work the lead mines in the days
of Queen Elizabeth. He was the son of David Heckstet-
ter, Vicar of Brough; and respecting him Foster has the
following: — "Queen's Coll. matric. 4 Nov., 1631, aged
17; B.A. 10 July, 1635, M.A. 20 April, 1638, 'served the
king in his army.' " ^ He was ordained Priest Aug. 17,
1662, and for some time was at Sebergham and Master of
the Grammar School at Carlisle. ^ The Episcopal Register
gives his license to preach and his subsequent Institution
to Bolton in the following terms : —
Eodem die [Dec. 21. 1663] Licentia ad inserviendum curae animarum
Concessa Danieli Heckstetter Clico in Artibus Magro.
Institution and Induction of D. Heckstetter to Bolton June 8th
1665.
He compounded for his First Fruits in 1666; and held
the Bolton living until his death. Bishop Nicolson
preserves the following inscription, which he saw upon a
brass plate, in the Churchyard, "all of which," he says,
" (except the Date of his Burial) is said to be the Composure
of the deceas'd Rector himself " :
Depositum Danielis Hechstetterij quondam hujus Ecclesiae Rectoris,
qui, post defatigatos Viginti Annorum Labores, tandem requievit in
Domino, Creatoris sui brachijs Confisus. Sepultus 7o die Apr. A.D.
1686.'
Michael Robinsox, 1686 — 1701.
He was instituted Oct. 5, 1686. From this time onward,
during a number of years, the two livings — Bolton and
Plumbland — were held together, Michael Robinson being
instituted " on a Presentation of Richard Thomson of
1. Al. Ox.
2. Vide pp. 181, 499 ; also p. 500 for suggested connection with Ireby.
3. Miscel., p. 92. A note of his burial appears in the Bolton
Registers.
568 ' The Ejected of 1662
Kellam in the County of York esquire." ^ How impover-
ished the livings were at this time is evident from the
f olloAving : —
The Parsonage House (haveing first drop'd piecemeal) was much
contracted by the last Incumbent, Mr. Robinson; who paid j'early (as
was too reasonably suspected) so high a Quit-Rent out of this Rectory
and that of Plumbland, to his patron Mr. Thompson, that he was
never well able to keep himself and his Family (any more than that
of his Curate) out of a starveing Condition.^
Michael Robinson died in 1701.
GusTAvus Thompson, 1702—1710.
He was instituted Oct. 2, 1702, on the same Presenta-
tion. The following interesting account of the Thompson
family from the pen of the late Wm. Jackson, F.S.A.,
merits a place here, though it covers ground, in part,
occupied by the passage from the pen of Thomas Leathes
under Plumbland : —
Tangier House in Whitehaven became the property of Gustavus
Thompson Esq. of Arkleby Hall, Oct. 1722. I may be allowed to
enlarge a little upon Gustavus Thompson and his family, for their
story has not been told, and is well worth the telling. Soon after the
glorious Restoration, for such jolly doings would scarcely have taken
place in the days of Puritanism, or else would have been kept more
sub rosa, Mr. Potter of Wreay Hall, in the parish of Bolton, attended
the races at York, and was unfortunate in his betting transactions;
money was wanted to pay his debts of honour, and then and there he
sold his advowsons of Bolton and Plumbland to Mr. Richard Thomp-
son of Kilham in Yorkshire, for £100 down. It is sad to think that
for a few years Mr. Thompson received no interest on his
capital, but in 1686 fortune smiled, for the Rev. Daniel Heck-
stetter of the Heckstetters of Keswick, Rector of Bolton, died ; and
in the very same year the Rev. Joseph Nicolson, father of William
Nicolson, Bishop of Carlisle, was laid beneath the Communion table
at Plumbland. Mr. Richard Thompson was at last in a position to
recoup himself, and well he availed himself of the opportunity. He
presented both rectories to the Rev. Michael Robinson with an agree-
ment in the background that he — the patron — was to receive £60 per
annum for fourteen years, after which the rector was to have both
livings clear for the rest of his life ; but alas ! for poor ^lichael, he
died in the very terminal year of 1700. Mr. Richard Thompson was
1. Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, p. 149.
2. Miscel. &c., p. 92.
Bolton 569
not quite prepared for this stroke of good luck, for his sons were
all laymen, and Gustavus, who was the one pitched upon to succeed
to this ecclesiastical prize, was in the army ; but there were no penny
papers in those days; a Mr. Green, usher at Cockermouth school, kept
the two livings going for a twelvemonth, during which period Captain
Gustavus Thompson dyed his red coat into a black gown, and all went
on serenely. He held both livings imtil his death in 1710. In addi-
tion to being owner of these livings Mr. Thompson was Squire of
Arkleby Hall, wliicli the Penruddocks, sorely impoverished by their
support of Charles, had been obliged to alienate. Mr. Thompson had
three sons ; his successor at Arkleby, Gustavus ; Richard, ancestor of
the present Sir Thomas Raikes Thompson, Baronet, of Hartsbourne,
Hertfordshire ; and another to whom was given his mother's maiden
name of Godbold, baptized at Plumbland, February 8th, 1703-4.
Gustavus it was who, May 4th, 1721, as the Crosscanonby register
tells us, married Johanna Senhouse. Apparently he went to reside
at Whitehaven during the period when Arkleby Hall was being re-
built, for 1725 is the date over the front door there. On September
9th, 1725, Gustavus sold Tangier House to Mr. Gilpin. . . . The
grandfather of Gustavus seems, in his own person, to have exhausted
the family good fortune ; for when this third successor tried to better
himself by gambling in South Sea stock, he was a holder when the
great crash took place, and was sorely smitten. He was obliged to
sell the two rectories to Sir Wilfrid Lawson for £500, and ultimately
Arkleby fell into the same hands. His son, Gustavus, became vicar
of Penrith in 1748, and on the 13th of April, 1749, I find the following
entry in the Plumbland register : — "Gustavus Thomson, Vicar of
Penrith and Chaplain to Richard, Lord Bishop of Carlisle, who died
at Penrith, and was buried in Mr. Senhouse's vault at Canonby
Church." 7'his Ls the la.st trace of the family of Thompson that I can
find in Cumberland.^
The Curate who served at Bolton was Edward Keddy.
He was licensed as such Oct. 25, 1686. His burial entry
in the Registers is thus given : —
Mr. Edward Kedday Curate of Bolton buried the 28th of August
1710.
The following notice from the pen of the distinguished
1. "Whitehaven : Its Streets," &c., by W. Jackson, F.S.A. Trans. (O.S.)
for 1878. Mr. Jackson adds as note : — " I deem it right to state that
several points in the above statement have been called in question by an
antiquarian friend, who, besides his very extensive general genealogical
knowledge, has, in this case, at his conrmiand special sources of informa-
tion. • I think he has at least proved that a brother Henry was in holy
orders at this very time."
570 ' The Ejected of 1662
prelate, Bishop Nieolson, as to the condition of the Church
and the religious complexion of the Parish, in 1703, is
worth appending : —
The Chancell here is a very great Length; and its high walls are
good and firm. There are five Windows in it ; whereof half of each
is wall'd up. The want of Rails is what's Common with this and a
great many of its Neighbours : But the Irregularity of the Floor
(which lyes in hollow pits) and a great rough Heap of stones at the
very Entrance of the Door, are somewhat Extraordinary. The Roof
needs looking after. The body of the Church and the two Side
Isles (belonging to the parishioners in Common) are cover'd with a
Tapering Arch of large hewen Stone; over which there's an outer
Covering of Slate : So that a small matter will repair and beautify it
in such a manner as to give it a very glorious Appearance. The
Mischief is, there are so many Dissenters (chiefly Anabaptists and
Quakers) in the parish, that it will be difficult to set forward anything
of that kind : till God and the Governmeait blesses us with a more
elTectual Method of Raiseing our Church Assessments. A set of
new Books has been procured, since Mr. Thompson came to the
Liveing : But the old Curate (poor Mr. Keddy) looks as tatter'd as
ever; but will hereafter, I hope, have his Salary rais'd.'
Obadiah Yates, 1710.
He was instituted Dec. 26, 1710, and his Induction into
the Church and B-ectory is given in the Eegisters as
occurring on January 15, 1710/11.
1. Miscel., pp. 92, 93.
\
VIII. ALLH ALLOWS.
Allhallows is about a mile from Mealsgate Station. "Tlio.
this place," says Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, "now pretends,
as it has done for some years, to be an independent parish
of itself; yet it appears that the reputed Church was
antiently no more than a Chappie of Ease in the parish
of Aspatrick, the Yicar whereof was obliged (at certain
Times) to attend Divine Service at this Chappie of All-
Saints at Ukmanby." ^ The old Chapel is still standing,
though it is not much used. It is a primitive looking
structure, quite secluded, practically in the grounds of
the Moor family, the one which has replaced it, dedicated
to All Saints, being half a mile away. The Registers
begin in 1666 as the following shows : —
A Register of all the Christenings Marriages and Burials in the
Parish of All hallows Since the year of our Lord God 1666. Jno.
Thompson Curate.
In this case, only the most meagre list of men who have
served the place is available, the Historians giving us
little or no assistance. The following document shows
that it considerably occupied the attention of the Plun-
dered Ministers' Committee during the Commonwealth
period : —
Cumberland. Att the Committee for plundered Ministers
Martij 3 Anno Dni 1646.
By vertue of an order of both houses of pliamt of the second of
May last It is ordered that the yearely rent of Eight Poundes
reserved and payable to the Bishop of Carlile out of the Impropriate
Tythes of the Rectory of All hallowes in the County of Cumberland
And the further yearley sume of Twenty pounds out of the
Impropriate Tythes & pfitts of Bothell & Blenerhassett sequestred
from Lancelot Salkeld Delinquent be Allowed and paide to & for
increase of the Maintenance of such Minister as this Comittee shall
1. Miscel., p. 103.
572 The Ejected of 1662
approve of to officiate in the pish Church of Alhallowes aforesaid the
present Maintenance belonging to the said Church being a Yearely
Stipend of Three pounds sixe shillings and Eight pence And the
Sequestrators of the pmisses are required to allowe & pay the same
Accordingly Att such tymes & seasons of the Yeare as the saide
Tythes & pfitts shall growe due & payable.
Har. Grimston.'
The following are tlie only names that have been
recovered : —
Chambers, 1650.
This is inserted on the authority of William Lampit,^
and probably he is the person of that name who afterwards
appears at Wigton.^
John Thompson, 1666—1725.
It is not certain that John Thompson served from 1666.
It may be that his signature in the Registers is merely
to indicate that he made the present copy of them. Bishop
Nicolson, in 1703, says: —
The present Curate, Mr. Thompson, is poor enough in parts &
Learning : But haveing a small Tenement in the Neighbourhood and
no Charge of Children, is not so very low in his temporal State.
I gave him part of my Lord Thanet's Charity ; which he promis'd
to bestow in purchasing some good Books.'
His burial entry reads thus : —
Buried November 19th 1725 John Thompson, Curate.
The Thompsons, Adam and John, were Churchwardens.
Samuel Relph, 1726.
He appears in the Registers as Curate in September,
1726. Possibly he may have rendered John Thompson
assistance earlier. The following almost certainly refers
to him, and would suggest his presence here before
Thompson's death : —
Buried February 21st Char filia Sarah Samuelis Relph Sepult.
1. S.P. Dom. Inter. F. 1. (E«cord Office).
2. Vide p. 624.
3. Vide p. 524.
4- Miscel., p. 104.
AUhallows
573
This immediately follows 1722-3, as does this : —
February 23. Dilectissima Sarah Samuelis Belph uxor.
Take also the following : —
October 31st. Armo Domini 1725 Sepulta erat Priscilla filia
Charissima Samuelis Relph.
William Taylor, 1743.
There is a second copy of the Registers which is in a
very dilapidated condition. They contain little of
interest.
IX. TORPENHOW.
In older documents this name appears as " Torpenho,"
" Torpenhoe," " Torpenno," and in several other forms.
It is the name of a small village lying on elevated ground
some eight or nine miles south west of Wigton; and its
Church commands full view of the country to the west,
as far as the Solway. It is dedicated to St. Michael; and
its Registers begin in 1651. They are in fair condition.
The following is the list of Incumbents : —
Anthony Walkwood, 1576 — 1612.
He was vicar of Hutton-in-the-Forest during the same
period ; ^ and it would seem that he resided at the latter
place.
Bernard Robinson, M.A., B.D., 1612—1632.
He was collated January 20, 1612-3, by his brother.
Bishop Henry Robinson ; and respecting him Foster gives
the following :—" B.A. from Queen's Coll. 20 June, 1579,
fellow 1582, M.A. 14 May, 1582, B.D. 13 Nov., 1591, vicar
of Burford, Oxon, 1593, and of Torpenhow, Cumberland,
1613 — 1632, Canon of Carlisle 1612 — 1634 ; perhaps father
of Barnard and of George, 1631." ^ He was previously
at Great Musgrave.^
Bernard Robinson, M.A., 1632—1646.
He was collated Sept. 3, 1632, and was the son of his
immediate predecessor. He was educated at Queen's
College, Oxford, where he matriculated Nov. 21, 1628, at
the age of 20 years, graduated B.A. July 24, 1630, M.A.
June 27, 1633, and was incorporated at Cambridge in
1. Vide p. 486.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Vide p. 1116.
Torpenho w 575
1633.^ He was an ardent Royalist, and during tlie Civil
War suffered Sequestration. Walker names him in his
list of " Suffering Clergy" and says that " he had no Fifths
paid to him." ^ The following documents, however, show
how little reliance is to he placed upon Walker's state-
ment. They further indicate that the charge of ruthless-
ness so frequently brought against the Commonwealth
regime is often considerably overdone, and that there was
no disposition to press the case hardly against Bernard
Robinson. He gave the Sequestrators considerable trouble
before his removal was effected, and their patience must
impress the reader.
Torpenhow. ult. ffebr. Anno Dni 1645.
Whereas Bernard Robinson vicar of ye pish Church of Torpenhow
in ye County of Cumberland hath pswaded his parishioners to rayse
and Maintayne armes to serve under ye comision of ye Earle of
Newcastle and hath in his pulpitt prayed for ye confusion of ye
Parliamt averring yt ye Pari, was but a broken legged Parliamt but a
peece of a Parliamt & hath otherwise expressed great Malignancy
agt ye Parlt & hath heretofore very much neglected his cure preaching
not aboue once a moneth It is therefore ordered yt ye sd Rectory
& ye pfitts thereof shall stand and be sequestred from ye sayd
Bernard Robinson to ye use of some godly & orthodox Divine-'
Torpenhow. 28 ffebruar 1645.
Ordered that Mr. Robinson from whom ye vicarage of Torpenhow
in ye County of Cumberland is sequestred shall have tyme to remove
wth his family goods and household Stuff out of ye sayd vicarage
house till this day six weeks ye sayd Mr. Robinson comitting noe
waste nor spoyle in or upon ye sayd house or any of ye gleab Lande
thereof.*
Torpenhow. 23 April A. Dni 1646.
A pelicon beinge p'ferred this day for ye setlinge of a Minister in
ye parish of Torpenhow in ye County of Cumberland in ye steed of
Mr. Robinson from whom ye vicarage of ye sd Church is sequestred
and the sayd Mr. Robinson hath peticoned this Comittee to bee first
heard in ye sd cause p'ducinge a Cerficat from ye Comittee for ye sd
County of his good life abilytes and desert for yt ye sd vicarage was
1. Al. Ox.
2. Walker, Pt. ii, p. 340.
3. Add. MSS. Brit. Mus., 15670.
4. Ibid.
576 The Ejected of 1662
sequestred upon Certificate & exaicons likewise returned from ye sd
Coniittee This Comittee doe appoint to take ye p'misses into their
further consideracon on this day seaven night on wch day ye aforesd
Certificates and exaicons are to bee likewise p'duced.'
Torpenho. Junij 13, 1646.
Whereas the vicarage of the pish church of Torpenhow in the
Countie of Cumberland is sequestred by order of the Cotee from
Bernard Robinson This Comittee doe hereby appoint Lancellott
Appleby John Tolson Cuthbert Tickell & Anthony Appleby to provide
for the Service of the cure of the said Church & to sequester & Collect
& gather the tithes rents revenues & profits of the sd vicarage &
therewith Satisfie such as they shall provide for the said service till
the pleasure of this Cotee be further Knowne And it is ordered that
the comtee for the sd Countie be assistant to the sd sequestrators &
doe remove the sd Mr. Robinson out of the sd vicarage house and to
take care from tyme to tyme that this order be duly executed.^
Torpenho. Junii 20, 1646.
Upon the himible peticon of Ffrances the wife of Bernard Robinson
from whom the vicarage of Torpenno in the Countie of Cumberland
is sequestred It is ordered that the said Mrs. Robinson shall have for
& towards the maintennce of her & her children the full clere 5th pte
of all the tithes rents glebelands & Easter booke of the said viccarage
(all taxes 8c charge.s first deducted out of the whole) unlesse good
cause be shewn to the contrarie the said Mr. Robinson & his wife
yeilding all due obedience to the said sequestracon The Examinacon of
wch cause (if there be any) the Cotee doe referre to the Coitee of
parliamt for the Countie of Cumberland who are desired to heare the
pties on both sides therein & to call before them & examine the
witnesses that shalbe produced as well for proofe of the sd cause as
on the pte & behalfe of the sd Mrs. Robinson for the Justifying of
her & of the said paymt of the sd 5th pte & to determine the
differences betweene them if they can or otherwise to certifie the same
to this Comittee.^
Torpenhowe. August 28, 1646.
Upon complaint made by Lancelott Appleby & Anthony Appleby
two of the Sequestratrs of the viccarage of Torpenhow in the Countie
of Cumberland that they are opposed by Barnard Robinson from
whome ye same is sequestred & one John Chambers who resist the sd
sequestraters in the possion of the sd viccaridge & the gleab &
profitts thereof in Contempt of the order of this Cotee of the
1. Add. MSS. Brit. Mus., 15670.
2. Ibid. ; Duplicated in Bodl. MS. 323.
3. Ibid.
Torpenhow 577
13th of June last & have brought judgments agt them indevidualie for
putting in execucon the sd order being encouraged thereunto by
Wm. Briscoe & Thomas Lamplow Esqrs Justices of peace who have
publiquelie slighted & contemned the sd order in ye open Sessions
held for the sd Countie. This Cotee doe hereby conferme the sd
order & referre it to Sir Wilfrid Lawson Sheriffe of the sd Countie
John Barwis Thomas Curwen & Henry Tulson Esqrs. being all of the
Cotee of parliamt for the sd Countie to see the sd order duly executed
and the sd Wm. Briscoe Thomas Lamplow Bernard Robinson & John
Chambers are required to make their psonall appearance before this
Comittee wthin one month next after notice of this order to answere
the said Contempt whereof they are not to faile of their p'ill-*
Torpenho. Sept. 10, 1646.
Upon the humble peticon of the p'ishoners of Torpenhoe in the
Countie of Cumberland in the behalfe of Mr. Steward their Minister
in regards the sd p'ishe is soe farr distant from Westmer &
for that there are a Committee of Ministers who are authorised by
ordynance of parliamt to examine & approve of Ministers that are
setled in the Countie of Lancaster This Comittee doe referr the said
Mr. Steward to the said Comittee who are desired to examine his
fitnesse to officiate the cure of the pishe Church of Torpenhoe
aforesaid & to Certifie the same & what triale they have of his guifts
& abilities pticularly.*
Torpenho. November 6, 1646.
This Cotee doe order that the cause between Mr. Briscoe Mr.
Lamplugh & Mr. Robinson from whome the Rectory of Torpenhoe
in the County of Cumberland is sequestred and Mr. Appleby be heard
on Monday next.'
Torpenhowe. Nov. 9, 1646.
It is ordered that the Cause Concerninge the Sequestrators of
Torpenhow in the Countie of Cumberland & Mr. Briscoe & others be
deferred till this day Seaven night & that they shall have warrts for
summoninge pties and witnesses on the sd day. 4
Torpenhoe. Nov. 16, 1646.
By virtue of an ordinance by the Comittee of the House of Comons
concerning plundered Ministers These are to require and comand you
& evry of you whose names are hereunder writen to make yor
psonall appearance before the said Comittee on the three & twentieth
daie of this instant November at one of the clock in the afternoone in
1. Add. MSS. Brit. Mus., 15670.
2. Ibid.
3. Bodl. MS. 324.
4. Ibid.
A L
578 The Ejected of 1662
the Excheqr at Westmer to testify yor knowledge of all such matters as
shall be ppounded unto you in the cause concerning the Sequestrators
of Torpenhoe in the Countie of Cumberland & Mr. Briscoe & others
hereof faile not as you will answers the contrary at yor p'ill. Dated
the sixtenth day of November 1646.
John Osmotherly Esqr.
Henry Peerson.
Isaack Antrobus.
James Peerson.
Michaell Craplees.*
Torpenhoe. Nov. 17, 1646.
It is ordered that the Cause betweene the Sequestrators of
Torpenhoe in the County of Cumberland & Mr. Briscoe & others be
deferred till the three & twentieth day of November next instant.^
Torpenhow. 24 November, 1646.
Upon heareing ye whole Cause betweene Mr. Briscoe & Mr.
Lamplough Esqrs Justices of Peace in ye County of Cumberland &
Mr. Robinson from whom ye vicarage of Torpenhow in ye County
aforesd is Sequestred and ye Sequestrators of ye sd vicarage It is
charged agt ye sd Mr. Robinson yt hee hath in contempt of ye sd
sequestracon brought Indictemts agt ye sd Sequestrators for putting
ye sd Sequestracon in execucon in taking possion of ye gleab of ye sd
vicarage and driveing the Cattle of ye sd Mr. Robinson of from ye
sd gleab And yt ye sd justices have countenanced ye finding of ye sd
Indictemt & incouraged ye juray to find ye same but ye sd justices
& Mr. Robinson plead an Order of ye Comtee of ye sd County
grounded upon an Order of this Comittee whereby ye sd Mr.
Robinson detained ye possion of ye vicarage house and gleab for
ye 5th pte graunted to his wife by this Comittee This Comittee doe
declare yt it was not their intencon yt ye sd Comittee in ye sayd
County should sett out ye fift pte in Specie And doe therefore
Order yt they doe ascertaine ye sayd 5th pte according to ye former
Orders of the Comittee to be payd in money raysed by ye
Sequestrators of ye sd vicarage out of ye pfitts thereof and not in
kind And yt they doe from tyme to tyme upon any Order of reference
of this Comittee astertaine ye 5th pte to them referred to be
apporconed & to see ye same payd in money by ye respective
Sequestrators of such benefices as axe Sequestred & not in kind And
ye said Mr. Briscoe & Mr. Lamplough are enioyned for tyme to come
to take care yt the Orders of this Comittee be duely observed and
obeyed & not opposed or thwarted by any pceeding before them in ye
1. Bodl. MS., 324; Duplicated in the vol. without the names.
2. Ibid.
Torpenhow 579
execucon of their office who are hereby discharged from further
attendance & ye sayd cause dismissed.'
Torpenhow. 14 Decemb., 1646.
Upon the humble peticon of ye Sequestrators of Torpenhow in
ye County of Cumberland It is ordered yt ye Comitee of Parliamt
for ye sd County doe remove Mr. Robinson from whom ye sd vicarage is
sequestred wth his family out of ye possion of ye sd vicarage house &
Gleab Lands thereof and that they doe Exaine what cause can be
shewen why ye fift pte of ye sd vicarge should not be payd unto her
calling before them and exaininge ptees and wittnesses oai both sides
therein concerned and to certify ye sd Exaicons [Examinations] to this
Comittee. 2
Torpenhow. Junii 12, 1647.
Upon the humble peticon of the Sequestrators of the vicarage of
Torpenhoe in the Countie of Cumberland It is ordered that Bernard
Bobinson from whom the said vicarage is sequestred & the pishoners
of the said pishe doe from time to time pay unto thesaid Sequestrators
the tythes of the said Vicarage from them respectively due togeather
with aU arreares thereof by vertue of ye former orders of this Cottee
And the Justices of peace in the said Countie are hereby desired to
to take some speedy & effectuall Course for the said Sequestrators'
releife in their recovery of the said tythes & to returne to this Cottee
the names of such as refuse to pay the same or oppose the said
Sequestrators in their receipt thereof Contrary to the order or
determinacon of the said Justices to the end that they may be
proceeded against according to their demeritt. 3
Bernard Robinson appears to have continued to reside
in the neighbourhood after his Sequestration. The
following occurs in the Registers : —
Baptism 1654. Grace daughter of Bernard Bobinson of Bothell,
Clearke, ffebruary 6.
James Steward, 1646.
This name appears in one of the documents previously-
cited. Doubtless he is the person who was afterwards at
Westward.* He removed before 1655. The County
Histories leave a gap after Bernard Robinson until the
Restoration.
1. Bodl. MS., 324.
2. Ibid.
3. Add. MSS. Brit. Mus., 15671.
4. Vide p. 528.
58o
The Ejected of 1662
John Myeiell, 1655.
This is the person who attests the truth of John Gilpin's
story in 1653. He signs the document as: — "J. Myriell
Master of the Free Schoole there [Kendal]."^ It was
from this source that many of the Ministers of the
Commonwealth period came : and his appointment to
Torpenhow is given in the following : —
Torpenhow . Pres. 27
John Myriell Apr. 1655.
Know all men by these presents That the Seaven
Jo. Muriell cert. & twentieth day of Aprill in the yeare One
as aforesaid by thousand six hundred fifty and five There was
exhibited to the Comissionrs for approbation of
Elex. Ekins publique preachers A Presentation of Mr. John
Jo. Courtman Myriell to the Vicarage of Torpenhow in the
Tho Senior County of Cumberland Made to him by His
Sam. Corbyn Highnesse Oliver Lord Protector of the Comon-
Tho Walker of Wealth of England &c the patron thereof under his
Kendale Seale manual Together with a testimony in ye
Ri Tatham of behalfe of the said John Myriell of his holy &
Heversham good Conversation Upon perusall and due con-
Jo Wallace of sideration of the premisses and finding him to be a
Gresmire person qualified as in and by the Ordinance for
Jo. Smyth of such approbation is required. The Comrs above
Kirby menconed have adjudged & approved the said
J. Salkeld John Myriell to be a fit person to preach the
Rob. Dickenson. Gospell and have graunted him admisson and doe
admitt the said John IMyriell to the Vicarage of
Torpenhow aforesaid to be full & perfect possessor
& Incumbent thereof And doe hereby signify to all
persons concerned therein that he is hereby intituled
to the profitts and perquisitts and all Rights &
dues incident and belonging to ye said Vicarage as
fully & effectually as if he had been instituted &
inducted According to any such Lawes and
Customes as have in this case formerly beene made
had or used in this Realme In witnesse whereof
they have caused the Common seale to be hereunto
affixed and the same to be attested by the hand of
the Regr. by his Highnesse in that behalfe
appointed. Dated at Whitehall the 27th day of
Aprill 1655.2
1. Vide p. 128.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.
996.
Torpenhow 581
The baptism of a child is thus recorded in the Registers :
1655, Baptisms. Tho. son of Mr. Jo. Myriell vicar of torpenhow
May ii.
He joined in signing James Cave's ordination Certificate
in October, 1656, being described as then " Minister at
Lampley," so that his stay at Torpenhow was very brief. ^
Thomas Turner, 1657— 1660(?).
He was previously at Crosby and Stanwix, the two
Parishes being united under his ministry. His appoint-
ment to Torpenhow is given thus : —
Torpenhow in Com. Cumberland.
Mr. Tho. Turner. Admitted the 14th day of Aug. 1657 to ye
Vicarage of Torpenhow in ye County of Cumberland Upon a pres.
exhibited the day aforesaid from his Highnes the Lord protector
under his Seal Manuall And Certificates from Roger Baldwyn of
penreth Comfort Starr of Carlile Cuth. Studholme Tho. Langhorne.2
The Registers give the baptism of a son in 1659 : —
1659 [Christian name illegible] son of Mr. Thomas Turner of
Torpenhow Minister December 24.
He signs the Baxter Letter of September, 1653 ; but while
in every other case the name of the place, where the
signatory was ministering at the time is appended. Turner
is merely described as " Preacher of the Gospel." ^
During the " Yacancy " at Carlisle in 1655-6 under date
Dec. "ye 16th, 1655," he appears as follows: —
• Item pd for sacke and beare bestowed on Mr. Tomer 00 : 04 : OS.*
At this time he would be at Crosby and Stanwix. In the
margin of " The Ambleside Curates' Bible " against
2 Kings X., is the name of T. Turner; but it is probable
that the " T." should be " H." ^ Calamy merely mentions
Thomas Turner of " Torpennow " as an Ejected Minister;
and Palmer adds nothing to his statement. Nothing
further is known about him.
1. Vide pp. 664, 773.
2. Lambeth MSS. -(Plund. Min.), 998.
3. Vide p. 89.
4. Vide p. 152.
6. Vide p. 1054.
582 ' The Ejected of 1662
Bernard Eobixson, M.A., 1660 — 1673:
No mention of the restoration of Bernard Hobinson is
made by the County Historians, but such appears to have
been the case. In the Presentations ^ for 1673 he is referred
to as " Clarke, vicar of Torpenhow," and acknowledges to
" drunkennes & scandalous intemperance and his riotous &
unlawful gameing at Penreth." For these offences he was
suspended " ab officio et Beneficio " for " the space of
3 years." What became of him afterwards is not known.
William Sill, M.A., 1673—1681.
He was previously at Addingham ;2 and held the living
at Bromfield in addition to Torpenhow. In 1668 he
became Prebendary of Carlisle, First Stall, a position
which he resigned in the year 1681, on becoming
Prebendary of Westminster.
William Nicolson, M.A., D.D., 1681—1698.
He was the son of Joseph Nicolson of Great Orton, and
was collated Nov. 17, 1681. He became Prebendary of
Carlisle in succession to William Sill in 1681, Archdeacon
in 1682, and Bishop in 1702. He held the livings of Great
Salkeld and Addingham. ^
Thomas Nevinson, B.A., 1699—1728.
He was the son of Edward Nevinson of Woodhead,
Westmorland; matric. Queen's College, Oxford, July 2,
1675, aged 16, and graduated B.A. in 1680 ; was Vicar of
Uldale in 1684 and of Torpenhow and Addingham in
1699.* He was collated Feb. 2, 1698-9. About this time
the two livings appear to have been held together. The
following notice of his marriage with William Nicolson's
sister is from the Haile Registers : —
1690 Thomas Nevison and Mrs. Grace Nicholson married the 23d
'■ day of August.
He died in 1728. A son, Thomas Nevinson, also a
graduate of Queen's College, was Vicar of Whittingham,
Northumberland, in 1722. ^
1. Vide p. 1350. 4- Vide' pp. 356, 557, 562.
2. Vide p. 355. 5. Ai Ox.
3. Al. Ox ; vide also pp. 357, 362.
X. PLUMBLAND.
This Parish lies a few miles south of Aspatria and some
ten miles west of Wigton. The Church, which was partly
rebuilt a few years ago, is at least as old as the l-ith
Century. It is dedicated to St. Cuthbert, The earlier
Registers have evidently disappeared, the oldest volume
extant beginning with 1677. In it is the following
statement respecting the various Incumbents who had
served up to the time of the writer. It is from the pen of
Thomas Leathes, who entered upon the living in 1728,
and, though not in every particular accurate, it is much
too interesting to be omitted : —
Mr. Nicolson was bur. Apl 22. 1686. Then came Mr. Eobinson here
in 1786 [1686] and had both Plumbland Rectory aad Bolton Rectory
and as I have been told he was to pay to Capn Thompson of Kilham
in Yorkshire w. was yn the Donr the sum of 601 p ann for 14 years
and this matter came to be known by the Recdpts being found
amongst his Paprs after his death, And ys happened the very 14th
year wch had he outlived He wd then have had both Livings and by
what I can find of the Lands and Tythes being yn Lett, He could not
clear 501 or 601 at most out of both livings. He yn paying (besides
ye 601 to ye said Thompson) 201 to one Mr. Keddy curate at Bolton.
This acct I had from several persons but mostly from Joseph
Younghusband of Plumbland. Then came Mr. Green wo as
far as I can understand was Usher at Cockerm. School and
He kept ye Living for near a year, and then came Mr. Thompson
to be Rector of the said Livings (He was son to ye above-
said Thompson) and was Then an Ensigne in the Army and his Fathr
got him to Take orders and leave off fighting and yn went away and
came not for a year and 4 months agn Then he came in 1702 and
stayd two Sundays at wch time Piper Thompson's bouse was built and
he gave him ground for ye Toofalls of ye House and part of the
Garden even wth the House. This I understand by ye same Persons.
Mr. Thompson dyed in ye year 1710 or ye beginning of ye year
1711 but in The year I supose — so yt Mr. Robinson was 14 years and
odd months. Mr. Thompson was nearly 24 ( ?) years and Mr. Farish
584 The Ejected of 1662
was buryed deer 1728 so he was here near eighteen years — And Mr.
Nicolson was here after ye Restoration 26 years but how long he was
here before '48 I cannot well find out but he was turned out at 48 and
Gawin Eglesfield, a Dissenting Teacher placed in his room. He was
born at Allerby Hall or somewhere near it.
The Hst of incumbents as far as ascertained is as follows :
Lancelot Fletcher, 1628 — 1647.
He was instituted Nov. 26, 1628, on the Presentation of
Joseph Porter " de Bridekirk Ar." " notwithstanding a caveat
entered by Richard Skelton." ^ He appears in the list of
contributors to the needs of the people of Carlisle during
the Siege of 1644-5, the amount against his name being
£2 — 0 — 0. He was a Pluralist, having the living of Dean^
as well as Plumbland; and the following document gives
the reason for his resignation of Plumbland in 1647. It
is also testimony to the way in which men of this type
were treated during this period. It will hardly be alleged
that he was Parliamentarian in his sympathies; but there
was evidently little wish to disturb him on that account.
As repeatedly indicated it was the system of Pluralism,
parent of innumerable evils, which was vigorously attacked
by those in authority : —
Deane & Plumbland. Mail 19. 1647.
It is ordered that Mr. filetcher Incumbent of the sev'all Benefices
of Deane & Plumbland in the Countie of Cumberland Both the said
Benefices have cure of Soules doe appeare before this Cotee on the
eight & twentith day of May instant to make his eleccon which of
the said Benefices he will adhere ujito & wch he will relinquish. 3
Making choice of Dean he continued there until his death
in 1663.
Joseph Nicolson, M.A., 1647. — .
He was the son of Joseph Nicolson of Park Broom,
Carlisle, and matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford,
Nov. 17, 1637, at the age of 14 years, graduating B.A.
July 15, 1643.* Nicolson and Burn following Walker are
1. Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, p. 119.
2. Vide p. 762.
3. Add. MSS. Brit. Mus. 15671.
4- Al. Ox.
Plumbland 585
quite in error in their account of this person. " The next
incumbent," they say, " was Joseph IS^icolson, who was
ejected by Cromwell's commissionei-s, and during the
usurpation lived retired at his maternal inheritance at Park
Brow in the parish of Stanwix, and on the coming in of
King Charles the Second was restored." ^ How much truth
there is in that will appear presently. Walker, who styles
him "A.M.," says: —
I am obliged to mention him, because he was ActuMy turned out
of this Living : But he afterwards, as I have heard, got a Better
Living, viz. that of Sannix; which he enjoyed during the whole
Remainder of the Usuryation.^
The course of events at Plumbland is not easy to trace,
but something like the following appears to have hap-
pened. On the resignation of Lancelot Fletcher, Joseph
Nicolson was appointed Oct. 7, 1647. This is clear from
the following : —
Ordered &c. That Doctor Aylett give Institution unto Joseph
Nicholson Clerk, Batchelor of Arts, to the Rectory of Plumbland, in
the County of Cumberland, void by the Resignation of Lancelott
Fletcher, clerk. Salvo — he taking the National Covenant; Richard
Skelton, Gentleman, Patron. 3
It would seem that efforts were being made at the same
time to secure the Institution of Gawin Eaglesfield, who
was connected with the Eaglesfields of Allerby Hall, close
by, as witness what follows : —
Plumbland. Sept. 24. 1647.
Ref. Gawin Egglesfeild minister to the Assemblie for the Church
of Plumbland Com. Cumberland. 4
These efforts were attended with some measure of success
and the living was also given to him. Hence the following :
Plumbland. Sept. 24. 1647.
Whereas the Rectrory of the parish Church of Plumbland in the
County of Cumberland is & standeth sequestred from Lancelot
ffletcher It is ordered That the said Rectorie shall from henceforth
1. Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, p. 120.
2- Walker, Pt. ii, p. 316.
3. L.J., vol. ix, p. 474.
4. Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15671.
586 The Ejected of 1662
stand sequestred to the use of Gawin Eaglisfeild a Godly and
orthodox Devine. And yt hee doe forthwith officiate the Cure of the
said Church as Eector & preach dilligently &c.'
On the 20th of January following Joseph Nicolson peti-
tioned against this. The Seventh Report of the Historical
MSS. Commission thus epitomizes the Petition : —
Petition of Joseph Nicolson late Minister of God's word at Plumb-
land in Cumberland, by order of 7th of October last petitioner was
instituted and inducted to the rectory of Plumbland, but this order
has been since reversed on information given that Richard Skelton,
patron of the living, was in arms against the Parliament, but
petitioner was then resident in Oxford, and knew not of it, and
Skelton has since conformed. The House has, however, conferred
the living on Gawin Eglesfield, who was also in arms against the
Parliament as the annexed oath shows; petitioner prays the House
not to deprive him of the rectory his sole livelihood, nor to confirm
another therein who has been guilty of the same delinquency as the
patron.
Annexed is the : —
Affidavit of Sir Henry Fetherstonhaugh of Kirkoswald, Cumberland
that Gawin Eglesfield, then Scholar of Queen's College, Oxford, bore
arms under William Vallett, captain of a troop under Colonel Sir
John Byron immediately before the fight of Worcester. 15 Jan.
[1647-8].
The Report adds : " nothing done therein" ; but that " on
the 25th of Feb. following the House re-established
Nicolson in the living." '^ This is confirmed by the
following : —
Feby. 25. 1647-8. Upon the Petition of Jos. Nicolson.
It is ordered That the Order formerly granted to Mr. Eglesfield is
hereby reversed for his Delinquency ; and that the Petitioner is hereby
reestablished in the Rectory of Plumbland in the County of Cum-
berland.3
The matter was not, however, yet quite settled. Nicolson
held the living only a brief period. During part of this
time he was negotiating, or being negotiated for, the
1. Add. MSS., Brit. Mus., 15671.
2- Seventh Report and Appendix, p. 4.
3. L.J., vol. X, p. 78.
Plumbland 587
Thursby living ; ^ and it is quite possible that the Eagles-
field influence being against him the propriety of his
removal would be suggested. At any rate evidence of his
Sequestration in the usual sense is lacking ; and his subse-
quent career suggests that it was otherwise. Joseph
!N^icolson at once adapted himself to his circumstances.
Almost immediately he was appointed to Thursby, and
subsequently he held the livings of Great Orton, Crosby
and Stanwix.2 Indeed he carried his conformity to such
an extent that he actually became one of the Sequestrators
for the County.^ The reader is referred to Great Salkeld*
for much illuminating correspondence in relation to him
and his son, Bishop Nicolson. The case is one of the
worst against Walker as a Historian, though he shows
considerably more conscience in the matter than either of
the others with whom he had to deal.
Gawin Eaglesfield, M.A., 1649 (?)— 1660.
He is given by Foster as " Eglesfield," son of George of
Alwardby [Allerby], Cumberland pleb. He matriculated
Queen's Coll., Oxford, Feb. 14, 1622-3, aged 17; B.A. July
3, 1627; M.A. June 30, 1630; and was Eector of South
Weston, Oxon., 1634.5 He was a kind of " stormy petrel"
all through his career. His " delinquency," by which is
probably meant his refusal to subscribe to the Solemn
League and Covenant, cost him the Plumbland living for
a time; and precisely when he got possession of it is not
clear. He was here, however, in 1651, when the Cocker-
mouth Congregational Church was formed, and, though
not one of the seven Founders, he must have joined almost
immediately afterwards. He gave the Fellowship there
considerable trouble by his conduct. On March 7th,
1655-6, he was " laid under the Sentence of Excomuni-
con " because of " a foule miscarriage whereby the mouths
1. Vide p. 533.
2. Vide pp. 191, 201, 230.
3. Vide p. 174.
4. Vide p. 362.
5- Al. Ox.
588 The Ejected of 1662
of wicked men were opened " ; and it is said that he had
■"often been dealt wth formerly for many miscarriages." ^
In 1657 he was freed from this " censure " and restored to
the confidence and affection of the Church. In the follow-
year year he was appointed a messenger along with George
Benson of Bridekirk to assist in ordaining " a Teaching
Elder " at the Kirkoswald Church. Both Calamy and
Palmer give " Mr. Gawen Egglesfield " as ejected from
^' Plumbland " ; but how soon after the Restoration is not
stated. After his Ejection he went to live at Dearham, a
few miles away and nearer Cockermouth. Here in 1672
he licensed his house for preaching as an " Indept," while
Richard Eaglesfield of Allerby Hall, though a Ruling
Elder in the Cockermouth Congregational Church, took
out a License for his home, which is described as
"Presbyt," showing once more how loosely this name was
used. Both Richard Eaglesfield and Gawin appear in
the Presentation Lists. ^ On two other occasions after-
wards his miscarriages brought upon him the censure of
the Church, one being noted thus : —
The same day [March 4. 1678-9] Bro Gawin Eaglesfield, of Deerham.
was dealt wth by the church, For his folly in wilde interpretaons of
Scripture ; wth relaon to the comings downe of the preseoit Governmt
by such a day; That wch was done because he was thought not
capable to be dealt with more severely withall, his braine seeming to
be heated with his notion was to desire him to forbeare his further
publishinge such a wilde conceit, both to his owne, & the churches
preiudice Amd that he would forbeare to sit down at the Lords Table
with us, till he was better able to give Satisfacon for this & former
whims of the like nature and other miscarriages. The said party
pmised He would pforme what the church inioyned upon him."
In the Dearham Parish Registers are the following
entries : —
1670 July ye 24th was Mary wife of Mr. Jo. Eaglesfeild buried.
1671 Aprill ye 7th was Mr. John Eaglesfield buried.
1680-1 March ye 4th was Maudlin Eaglesfield wife of Mr. Gawin
Eaglesfeild buried.
1682 Novenibr ye 18th was Mr. Gawin Eaglesfield buryed.
1. MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
2. Vide pp. 1353, 1357.
3. MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
Plumbland 589
Gawin Eaglesfield stands fifth among the male members
on the Cockermouth Church Roll ; and his wife "Maudlin'^
or " Magdalen " has the same position among the female
members. The Church Book contains the following
pathetic entry against his name : —
Found dead on a Moore Nov. 17. 1682.
Joseph Nicolson, M.A., 1661 (?)— 1686.
After the Restoration he returned to Plumbland. The
Episcopal Register states that he was ordained Deacon
Aug. 17, 1662, and Priest Feb. 1, 1662-3. It needs to be
remembered that Joseph Nicolson's appointments had
been by the Commonwealth; and it is said that he took
the National Covenant on his first going to Plumbland.
Evidently he had not been ordained, or, at least, not
episcopally, until now. He held the living until his
death. Bishop Nicolson, his son, placed within the rails
of the communion in the chancel of Plumbland Church a
•blue marble stone thus inscribed : —
H. P. S.
Deposita Joseph! Nicolson Rectcris hujus Ecclesiae;
Et Mariae Uxoris ejus, Filiae Johannis Brisco
de Crofton Armigeri. Obiit ille A.D. 1686,
ilia 1689. Parentibus religiosissimis P. Guil.
Carliol. Episc.
Michael Robinson, 1686 — 1701.
He was instituted June, 1686, and held the Bolton
living as well. Thomas Leathes says that for most of
1701 the living was served by a Mr. Green, Usher at
Cockermouth School. ^
GusTAvus Thompson, 1702 — 1710.
Bishop Nicolson in his Diary says that on July 17, 1702,.
he instituted Thompson into the Rectory " that of Bolton
1. Vide p. 583.
590
The Ejected of 1662
being, as he said, to be given him likewise, as soon as his
Dispensation was perfected. Qu. vix credo." i
Peter Farish, 1711—1728.
He was previously at Isel and held Moresby in Plurality
with Plumbland. ^
Thomas Leathes, 1728 — .
He was also at Isel previously. ^
1. Trans. (N.S.), vol. ii, p. 172; vide also Bolton, p. 568.
2. Vide pp. 726, 807.
3. Vide p. 726.
VI. THE HOLM CULTRAM GROUP.
I. HOLM CULTRAM.
This is a large village some six miles from Silloth on the
Carlisle and Silloth line. Originally it was the seat of
a powerful Cistercian monastery, from which it gets its
modern name of Abbey Town. The Church, dedicated to
St. Mary, is clearly part of the old Abbey, and has been
transformed and converted to its present use. The
Registers begin in 1580, some of the earliest pages being
much worn and the writing difficult to decipher, because
soiled and faded by time. This earliest volume continues
to 1597, and, being in paper, would appear to be one of
few originals belonging to that period still extant. A
break occurs in the Registers after 1656, the next entries
being under date 1665. A copy made in 1749 is thus
prefaced : —
This Register was copied out of ye old one & what names were
perfect are herein written
p me
Geo. Whinfield
p. Clerk
Anmo 1749.
The following is a list of Incumbents : —
Edward Mandevile, 1581 — 1607.
His career at Holm Cultram was quite eventful, as the
Registers indicate : —
1590 In the 14th day of May there fell out of the foit of the
Steeple Vaulte over above the poulepoit thre great stones wch brast
the stalls where I use to sitt & some part of Chambers stall and a
ledge of the Common table a lytle time before it fell there was auld
Steven & sertaine others standing where the fale happed & so was I
there also and came southe. I immediately went to the Churche
againe and then were the said stones fallen, it was the morrowe after
592 The Ejected of 1662
a court was holden in the church and the Jury was that daye together
in the Churche.
Edward Mandevell Clercke.'
A true copy taken out of an old Register book being recorded by
Edward Mandevile minister there Anno 1600. Memorandm. The
Steeple of ye Church being of ye height of 19 fathoms did suddenly
fall down to ye ground upon ye first day of January 1600 about three
o'clock in ye afternoon and by ye fall thereof brought down a great
part of ye chancel both timber, leed and walls, and after ye said fall,
the same continued in a very ruinous manner for ye space of two
years during which time there was much leed, wood and stone carried
away. There was present at ye fall Robt. Chambers and myself, both
of us being within ye church at ye very time of ye fall, and yet by
ye good pleasure of God we escaped all perils.''
Edward Mandevile was troubled with listless worship-
pers, as are most preachers even to day, and the following
account of the means he adopted to put an end to the
trouble is interesting : —
1591
Upon occation partly of the Premises but more espetially for that
in the Chancell there were manye corneres wherein people were always
laughing and talking in tym of devine service, which abuse I thought
to redresse for the honour of God ; for these causes I moved the
parishioners to remove to the lowe churche which is proper to all the
parishe and for the better drawin of their mynds to this good
purpose I repared the lead, washed overe the walls repared all the
glasse windowes, lefte not a hole in any of them within the compasse
of the parish Churche and this being deune in August & September
1591, in October following I sett it withe fourmes wch cost me the
very worke besydes the wood for it pertayned to the Parishe 33/lOd.
and upon the Sunday the twenty after Trenitye being the 17th of
October 1591 I began to do service & ministred the Sacrement that
same day the were very quiet & maid noe question about there places
as Many dowted they shoulde.
Edward Mandevill. 3
Edward Mandevile died about 1607.
1. The Register Book of Hohn Cultram, by Rev. W. F. Gilbanks,
M.A., p. 180.
2. Some Records of a Cistercian Abbey, &c., by Rev. G. E. Gilbanks,
M.A., p. 138.
3- Register Book, &c., p. 180.
Holm Cultram 593
Egbert Mandevile, M.A., 1607 — 1617.
He was instituted Aug. 24, 1607, and was a native of
Cumberland, possibly a connection of bis immediate
predecessor. Tbe Mandevile name appears somewhat
frequently in the Registers. Foster has the following
respecting him: — "Queen's Coll., matric. 25 June, 1596,
aged 17; B.A. 17 June, 1600; M.A. from St. Edmund
Hall 6 July, 1603, vicar of Abbey Holme, alias Holm
Cultram, 1607, until his death in 1618." ^ The latter
date is wrong by a year,
Thomas jEFFEHsoisr, M.A., 1617 — 1632.
He was instituted Feb. 8, 1617, on a Presentation by
the " Chancellr magr et Schol. universitat Oxon" ; and
the living is described as " Newton Arloish infra Domina
de Holme Yic."^ Foster gives him as " of Cumberland
pleb. Queen's Coll., matric. 27 June, 1606, aged 18; B.A.
30 April, 1610, M.A. 8 July, 1613, incorporated at Cam-
bridge 1616, vicar of Holme Cultram with Newton Arloish,
Cumberland, 1618." ^ He died in 1632.
Charles Eobson, M.A.,«B.D., 1632—1638.
He was instituted May 25th, 1632, on the same Presen-
tation. Foster again imforms us that he belonged to
Cumberland; matriculated Queen's College, Oxford, May
5, 1615, at the age of 17 years; graduated B.A. October
24, 1616, M.A. June 21, 1619, and B.D. July 10, 1629;
was preacher to the English merchants at Aleppo, and
Vicar of Holm Cultram, Cumberland, in 1632.^ Nicolson
and Burn have an interesting story in reference to some
trouble which his degree occasioned — the following being
the "case" stated and the attorney's reply : —
Mr. Robson, being bachelor of divinity, demanded of the parish an
hood proper to his degree. The question was, Whether the ordinary
of the place hath power to command the churchwardens and parish-
ioners at their charges to provide an hood for the vicar, he being a
1. Ai. Ox.
2. Institution Books.
3. Al. Ox.
4. Ibid.
A M
594 The Ejected of 1662
graduate ; because, 1. The said parish was never before charged in
fhis kind. 2. The vicars there have respectively either bought them-
selves hoods, or brought the same with them. 3. The present vicar
there hath at all times since his first coming to his vicarage, which is
five years and more, worn a hood of his own, at such times as by the
canons he is injoined to wear the same, tiU within this half year last
past.
Answer. In this case I am of opinion, that the ordinary cajinot
compel the churchwardens to provide their parish priest an hood at
the parish charge, because an hood is habitus scholasticvs, and doth
not belong to a priest quatenus a priest, but to a scholar qvatenus a
, graduate in the university, where (at least in Oxford) every graduate
is bound habere intra quindenani habitum de proprio gradui compe-
tentem. And in this case, as it is propounded, if the three reasons be
proved, it will make the matter still more clear that the churchwardens
are not to provide the hood ; though the ordinary may compel a priest
who is a graduate, to wear his hood, according to the 58th canon.'
Charles E.obson died in 1638.
William Head, M.A., 1638—1684.
He was instituted May 10, 1638, on the same Presenta-
tion as his predecessor. He graduated B.A. from Queen's
College, Oxford, June 11, 1634, and M.A. May 11, 1637.2
He was brother to Thomas Head of Aikton, and a native
of Cumberland. He appears to have lived through all
the changes of the Century and retained his living until
his death in November, 1684.
John Hewitt, M.A., 1684 —1687.
He was ordained Priest March 15, 1684-5, and instituted
to Holm Cultram the day following on the Presentation
of the Chancellor " de Oxon." Foster states that he was
the son of Francis Hewitt of Warrington, matriculated at
Brasenose College, Oxford, April 10, 1674, at the age of
18, took his B.A. in 1677, and M.A. in 1681.^ The Regis-
ters give the burial of " Uxor Jo. Hewet alias parson
He wet " Sept. 15, 1589. A century divides, yet the one
may have been descended from the other.
1 . Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, p. 180.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Ibid.
H olm Cultr am 595
John Holmes, AI.A., 1687—1694.
He was instituted Nov. 15, 1687, on a similar Presenta-
tion. Foster, who calls him Holme, says that he was the
son of John Holme of "Bampton, of Westmorland ; matric.
at Queen's Coll. Mar. 22, 1677-8, at the age of 19;
graduated B.A. in 1682, and M.A. Feb. 12, 1684-5 (as
Holmes)." 1 The living now appears in the Institution
Books as " Holme Cultram als Newton Arlosh," instead
of, as formerly, " Newton Arloish als Holme Cultram."
He resigned Oct. 11, 1694.
John Ogle, B.A., 1694—1715.
He was instituted Feb. 2, 1694-5, on the same Presen-
tation, and was another Queen's College Alumnus ; Foster
consequently is able to supply us with the following
information about him: — " S. of J. of Bradford, North-
umberland, gent, matric. 4 April, 1691, aged 20; B.A.
23 May, 1691, vicar of Holme Cultram-with-Newton,
Cumberland, 1695." ^ He had James Kynneir, afterwards
at Sebergham, as Curate. 3
Thomas Jeffeeson, M.A., 1715 — 1730.
He was instituted Oct. 20, 1715. Foster informs us that
he was the son of Robert Jefferson of Denbigh ; but
whether he was a descendant of the previous Yicar of that
name we do not know. He matriculated Queen's College,
June 22, 1699, aged 17, graduated B.A. in 1703. and M.A.
from Catherine Hall, Cambridge, in 1713, being at Holm
Cultram in 1715 and Lamplugh in 1731.
The Chapel at Newton Arlosh is about four miles north
east of the Abbey. Like many other of the Border
Churches, erected at that period, it was intended to serve
as a Tower of Refuge, as well as a House of Prayer. The
old tower still remains and forms part of the present
structure. It has now all parochial privileges and is
dedicated to St. John the Evangelist.
1. Al. Ox.
2. Ibid.
3. Vide p. 500.
II. KIRKBEIDE.
This is a considerable village with a railway station on
the Carlisle and Silloth line. The Church is dedicated to
St. Bridget, and the Registers begin in 1662. This earliest
'volume, which is of paper, is large and flat, evidently
being a copy, and an exceedingly good one, of an earlier
book. It extends to 1750. The following appears in it :
Baptisms and Marriages Registered in the Parish of Kirkbride
since June ye 20. 1662.
The first page is occupied with Briefs. The following is
a list of Incumbents : —
CuTHBEET Fisher, 1580.
This is given as the year of his death.
Robert Allanby, M.A., 1580 — 1586.
Probably the person of that name who appears at
Aikton in 1573. Foster mentions several Allanbys or
Alanbys among his Oxford Alumni as of Cumberland ;
and respecting Robert Allanby of Aikton he says : — " Of
Queen's Coll. 1565, B.A. 9 July, 1568, M.A. 18 June, 1572,
rector of Aikton, Cumberland, 1573." ^
Giles Hemmerford, 1586 — 1587.
He was instituted on a Presentation by John Dalston;
and died in 1587.
Nicholas Deane, M.A., 1587 — .
Doubtless the person of that name who appears at
Bromfield, Great Salkeld, &c.^
George Hudson, 1611/12—1647.
Nicolson and Burn after the Institution of Nicholas
Deane on the death of Giles Hemmerford, pass on to 1643
1. Al. Ox.
2. Vide pp. 359, 638.
Kirkbride
597
and simply say "one Mr. Hudson was rector"^ here in
1643. He was, however, ordained Priest Sept. 22, 1611,
and instituted on the 21st of January following. He held
the living of Uldale ^ as well as that of Kirkbride, and
died in 1647. Who followed immediately we have no
means of knowing. Nicolson and Burn pass on again to
1660; but Besse says that John Martin was committed to
prison about 1653 " for testifying against the Priest of
Kirkbride, whom he met in the Fields and calling him by
his proper Name, viz. an Hireling." 3 It is to be regretted
that the name is not supplied, but the passage makes it
clear that some one was actually resident here at the time.
Two other names also by way of filling in Nicolson and
Burn's blank may be added.
John Pattison, before 1656.
This is given on the authority of Gervase Benson,^ who,
writing in 1656 about the sufferings of Quakers in this
district, says that Matthew Kirkbride had had his goods
taken at the instigation of John Pattison, priest of Kirk-
bride. Possibly this is the person just referred to, who
also committed John Martin to prison.
John Hambleton, 1657.
The following is the authority for this : —
Kerkebride John Hambleton Clarke — Admitted the 25th day
in ye County of January 1657 to ye R. of Kirkebride in ye County
of Cumberland, of Cumberland Upon a pres. exhibited the same day
from his Highness the Lord protector under the
Great Seale of England and Certificates from Tho.
Craister Tim. TnUye of Carlile Cuth. Studholme. 5
Doubtless this was the John Hamilton who subsequently
appears at Thursby. e
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 212.
2. Vide p. 554.
3. Sufferings of the Quakers, vol. i, p. 127.
4. "The Cry of the Oppressed from under their Oppressions."
Tract. A copy is in the Brit. Mus.
5. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min), 998.
6. Vide p. 536.
A rare
598 The Ejected of 1662
Thomas Lumley, 1661 — 1678.
He was instituted Sept. 20, 1661, on the Presentation
of William Dalston, "Mil. et Baron"; and ordained
Priest Aug. 17, 1662. It would be interesting to know
how the vacancy had been brought about; but the
information is lacking. The Registers give the following :
1665 October 23. Bap. John son of Tho. Lumley Eectr of Kirkbride.
1668 Novembr 22. Bapt. Augustion Son of Tho. Lumley Kectr. de
Kirkbride.
Thomas Lumley died in 1678, his burial entry being as
follows : —
1678 April 23. Bur. Mr. Tho. Lumley Eectr de Kirkbride.
The following from the Registers belongs to his time : —
1667 ffebr 18 buried XTopher Taylor of Leathes. In ilia nocte
tempestuosus fuit Affricus.
Henry Hall, 1678 — 1717.
He was ordained Deacon Sept. 25, 1670, Priest Sept. 21,
1673, and instituted July 31, 1678, on a Presentation by
Sir William Dalston. The Registers note the baptism of a
son, Henry, on Feb. 8, 1684-5, and burial of a daughter,
Anne, on April 11, 1692. His own burial entry is thus
given : —
1717 Jxme 19 Bur. Mr. Henry Hall Rectr of Kirkbride.
His wife, Jane, survived him only three years, being
buried on July 5, 1720. Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1703,
is unusually severe in his strictures upon him : —
The Parson, Mr. Hall, and his son (one of ye Taberdars of Queen's
College in Oxford) were goaie abroad, and the Key of the Church
would not be found. However, I easily put back the Lock of the
great Door with my Finger ; & quickly found why I was, in a manner,
deny'd Entrance. I never yet saw a Church and Chancel (out of
Scotland) m so scandalous and nasty a Condition. Every thing to
the highest Degree imagineable, out of Order. The Roof of the Quire
comeing down, the Communion-Table rotten, the Reading Desk so
inconvenient that 'twas impossible to kneel in it, the Pulpit inacces-
sible, no Seat, nor pavement in the Quire, &c. So ill an Example in
a Rich Parson (who is, in Effect, the Lord of the Mannor as well as
the Rector of the Parish) cannot but beget a proportionable Slovenlyness
in the Parishioners ; who have their Seats tatter'd, the Floor all in
Kirkbride
599
holes, no Surplice no Common prayerbook, a very few fragments of
an old Bible, &c. The Font has been a beautiful one; But, to bring
it to a resemblance with the rest, one of its square Sides is half broken
off. In short — The whole look'd more like a Pigsty than ye House
of God.'
John Walker, B.A., 1717 — 1743.
Foster states tliat he was the son of John Walker of
Lazonby; that he matriculated at University College,
Oxford, on the 20th of March, 1698-9, at the age of 19
years, and took his B.A. in 1706. - The E-egisters thus
note his Induction : —
That upon ffriday the thirteenth day of September 1717 Jno
Walker, A.B., was Inducted into the Parish Church of Kerkbride wth
its Rights Members & Appurtances by
Tho. Benson
S.T.P.
John Walker had to do with the following : —
Jan. 21. 1721-2.
A Certificate given from Dalston Parish To the Parish of Kirkbride
bearing date Jan. 7th for Jonathan Bewley & his family delivered in
the presence of the Minestr & Several of ye parishioners into the
hands of John Atkinson Churchwarden of Kirkbride.
Wit. George Whinfield.
Jo. Walker Rectr.
Mr. HaU
Jo. Barn Shoomaker
Jo. Brown
Rob. Barn
' Jo. Drape Senr.
Jo. Skelton jun. & others.
He died in 1743, as the following shows : —
Mr. Jno. Walker Rector of Kirkbride buried apr. 5th 1743.
1. Miscel., p. 21.
2. Al. Ox.
III. BOWNESS.
In older documents it is " Boiilness,"' the name of a good
sized village about four miles north of Kirkbride, and one
from Port Carlisle, the nearest railway station . Overlooking
the Sol way, it played a prominent part in the Border Wars
of the old days. The Church dedicated to St. Michael, is
of the castellated type, and was used as a shelter in those
troubled times, as well as for purposes of religious worship.
The earliest Register Book has been rebound, evidently
at a comparatively late date; but the leaves have been
irregularly placed. Some are parchment and the others
paper; the writing is good and clear, only a few of the
pages being faded, and even these by proper treatment
could easily be deciphered. The entries up to 1661 are
few. Under "Natalies" we have a baptism in 1642;
later in the book a series of baptisms beginning with 1643,
mainly children of Christopher Watson ; and on page 2 a
couple of entries for 1628. I imagine that the Registers
proper begin in 1660 with George Troutbeck, and that all
previous to that date are odd entries from older fragments
or from the recollections of the people, filled in about that
time. Somebody has frequently written: — "Since the
Rebellion in the North," though it is not easy to reconcile
the dates given with the statement. The following is a
list of Incumbents : —
Leonaed Lowther, 1580 — 1597.
Doubtless the person of that name who appears at Great
Orton in 1578, Lowther in 1587 and Greystoke in 1597.^
He was a Pluralist and resigned Bowness in 1597.
Richard Sibsox, M.A., B.D., 1597 — 1617.
Foster states that he was of Cumberland, matriculated
Queen's College, Oxford, Jan. 17, 1582-3, at the age of 17 ;
graduated B.A. Dec. 8, 1586, M.A. June 9, 1589, became
Fellow in 1593, B.D. 5 July, 1598, and Canon of Carlisle
in 1603.2 He died in 1617.*^
1. Vide pp. 227, 454, 1234.
2. Al. Ox.
Bowness 60 1
William Orbell, 1617—1629.
" On the death of Mr. Sibson," write Nicolson and Burn,
*' a caveat was entered by Henry Hudson, vicar of
Brigham, who claimed the right of presentation, and
although he lived in the diocese of Chester, he allowed
himself on any occasion of controversy hereupon to be
cited in the parish church of Plumbland. But in the same
year William Orbell was instituted on a presentation by
Henry Spiller of Latham in the county of Middlesex,
purchaser from Anne, countess of Arundel. " ^ He was
instituted August 11, 1617, and is given in the Institution
Books as " Guil. Orbell junr." He died in 1629. He was
at Aspatria in 1610."^
Thomas Warwick, M.A., 1629.
He was instituted Oct. 1, 1629, on the Presentation of
" Thomas West of Stoake in the county of Surrey." ^ He
held the living of Brampton as well, but how long he did
so is not clear. Nicolson and Burn give Thomas Warwick
in 1629, and say that " in 1643, one Mr. Watwick was
rector." This, of course, is a mistake for "Warwick";
for in 1644 Thomas Warwick was still in possession of
the two livings, contributing as such in that year to the
Carlisle garrison. Shortly afterwards, at least, the Bow-
ness living passed out of his hands; but in what way we
have no means of knowing.^ Possibly we have here
another case of a person compelled to surrender a living
because of his Pluralism.
Lancelot Wharton, 1647.
This is a new name. Nicolson and Burn pass from
" Watwick " in 1643 to 1660. In 1647, however, Lancelot
Wharton was here as the following shows : —
26 Nov. 1647.
Or. That Lancelot Wharton Minister at Bowness in the County of
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 215.
2. Vide p. 643.
3. Institution Books.
4. Vide pp. 250, &c.
6o2 The Ejected of 1662
Cumberland shall continue in officiating the said Cure until such Time
as the Title to the said Kectory betwixt the Parties be by Law or
otherwise cleared and determined ; and this with a Salvo Jure
cujuscunque and without Lapse. i
Unfortunately, we have no further information about
him, unless the reference in the Musgrave Tracts is to
him, where it is charged against Sir Arthur Haselrig that
" honest men are put out of the ministry under the name
of Sectaries and Independents as Mr. Lampit, Mr. Bag-
gerly and Mr. Wharton." ^
John Saxton, 1656—1660.
This name is given by Calamy as that of a Minister
ejected from this place. ^ Palmer adds the story of Mr.
Saxton, the Puritan Minister, in the following terms : —
It appeals from Mather's History of New England, that a minister
of this name went into that country. The author gives the following
account of him. He was a Yorkshire man a studious and learned
person : a great Hebrician. The unsettled condition of the colony,
and some unhappy contentions in the plantation where he lived, put
him upon removing from Scituate, first to Boston, and so to England,
in his reduced age. I find in Mr. Ryther's devout book, intitled A
Plot for Mariners, this passage related concerning him. An old
Puritan minister, Mr. Saxon of Leeds in Yorkshire, in a storm, as he
was coming from New England, when they were all expecting the
vessel to sink, said — 0 who is now for Heaven? — who is bound for
Heaven. (Math. Hist. B., iii, p. 214.)*
Palmer does not say whether the insertion of that story
is intended to suggest that the Puritan Minister in ques-
tion was the same as the Bowness Incumbent. Such,
however, could not have been the case. Peter, not John,
was the name of the New England Puritan; and the
period of his Incumbency at Leeds does not permit of his
connection with Bowness.^
That John Saxton was at Bowness in 1656 is made clear
1. L.J., vol. ix, p. 544.
2. Vide p. 622.
3. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 159.
4. Non. Mem., vol. i, p. 377.
5. Vide Thoresby's Diary, vol. i, p. 118, for a reference to Peter
Saxton, whose name was evidently lovingly cherished in the district for
many years.
Bowness 603
by the following notice of his Composition for First
Fruits : —
Cumbland, E. Bouldnesse.
ffirst No. 1656.
ffirst May 1657
July 21. 1656. ffirst No. 1656
John Sexton cl ffirst May 1657
[probably should be
1657 and 1658]
xixli xs vjd ob '
Beyond this no information about him has been obtained,
nor do we know whether he was in any way related to
Peter Saxton. The appointment, however, of George
Troutbeck, in 1660, gives countenance to the idea of an
Ejectment here.
Geoege Troutbeck, 1660—1691.
The Registers, probably referring to the date of his
Induction, give the following : — ■
Georgius Troutbecke Rector de Bowness vicessimo quarto die
Novembris Annoq Dom. 1660.
A daughter, Mary, was baptized Feb. 16, 1678-9, being a
" Lord's Day." George Troutbeck compounded for his
First Fruits in 1663. He belonged to a Cumberland
family, being the son of Robert Troutbeck, who for some
time was probably Minister at Xewton Reigny.^ In an
Inquisition at Blencow on August 29, 1688, with William
Whitelock and his wife, Elizabeth, as plaintiffs, George
Troutbeck, Clerk, Wm. Troutbeck, Thos. Bowerbank and
Wm.. Nicholson appear as defendants in a dispute respect-
ing " the Barony & manor of Dacre, the manors or lord-
ships of Johnby, Blencowe, Skelton, Newton and Catterlen,
and right and title to the lands late of Robert Troutbeck
Clerk, otherwise called Sir Robert Troutbeck (late father
of defendant George and grandfather of plaintiff Eliza-
beth) and Mary his wife. Touching plaintiff Elizabeth's
claims to the lands as heir-at-law to Sir Robt, &c. &c.
1. Composition Books (Record Office).
2. Vide p. 450.
6o4 The Ejected of 1662
Customs of Manors &c. &c." the names and possessions
of " Robt. Troutbeck (eldest son of Sir Robt) Anthony
Troutbeek (second son of Sir Robt. father of plaintiff
Elizabeth) Lord Dacre, Chr. Blencowe Esq. (late lord of
the manor of Blencowe) and Chres. Richmond (lord of
the manor of Catterlen) " are mentioned.^ George
Troutbeck appears as plaintiff against " John Lawson,
Thos. Wilson Richd. Winder Robt. Earlam," in a
dispute concerning " the Rectory and parish of Bowness
and lands &c. in Whitrigg in the possession of defendants
Lawson, Winder and Farlam and lands &c in Langcroft
and Anithorne in possession of Wilson. Tithes." ^ The
Inquisition was at Carlisle Jan. 1, 1684, and a similar one
was taken at the same place the following October. George
Troutbeck died in 1691, the burial entries of himself and
wife, who survived him about four years being as follow :
1691 George Troutbecke lat-e Rector of Bowness was buried ye 6th
day of Aprill.
Ann the wife of George Troutbecke of Bowness was buried the 11th
day of March 1695.
Henry Aglionby, M.A., 1691—1697.
He was of St. John's, Cambridge, taking his B.A. in
1670, and M.A. in 1684. He was instituted July 4, 1691,
on the Presentation of Henry Dacre, Norfolk, and was a
Pluralist, having Addingham as well as Bowness.^ He
died in 1697, and his burial entry is thiis given : —
1697 Henry Aglionby late Rector of Bowness was buried the 29th
day of May 1697.
Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, says: —
The last Vicar (Mr. Aglionby) lyes bury'd in the Chancel; under a
Grave-stone whereon there's an Inscription, so ill cut that 'tis not
now legible, and will be entirely defaced ere long. 4
Gerard Lowther, M.A. ,.1697 — 1731.
He was the son of Christopher Lowther of Colby Laithes,
and grandson of Lancelot Lowther, Vicar of Addingham,
1. Ex. Dep. Mich. 31. R€c. Office.
2. Ex. Dep. Hil. 12.
3. Vide p. 356.
4. Miscel., &c., 21.
I
Bowness 605
in Commonwealtli days.^ Gerard Lowther's Institution
was on August 20th, 1697. Bishop Nicolson says : —
The Rector (Mr. Gerard Lowther) has remov'd all his Goods to
Colbyleathes, near Appleby, designing to fix his Family there ; and his
Curate is also retired into Lancashire ; So that, on Sunday last, they
had no Service ; nor do they know when they shall. 2
Probably it was this continued neglect of his living which
led to a threatened Sequestration in 1708. Bishop
Nicolson, who, in his Diary, refers in no complimentary
terms to Gerard Lowther, under date April 17th, 1708,
notes a visit of Lowther who craves " Suspension of his
Sequestration." ^ He retained the living until his death
in 1731. His wife Ann Lowther " dyed on Friday the
12th and was buryed on Sunday the 14th day of January
1732." The Registers have the following about his sons :
Lancelot the son of the Reverend Mr. Gerard Lowther Rector of
Bowness was baptized the 30th day of August Anno Domini. 1699.
Bapt. Henry the son of Mr. Lowther, Mar. 18. 1700 admitted
Trinity Coll. Dublin Mar. 1713.
Henry Lowther subsequently became Rector of Aikton.
The Registers note the coming of Thomas Lewthwaite,
the Curate, referred to by the Bishop : —
Memandum That on ye last day of May 1703 Thomas Lewthwaite
came to Boulness to Serve as Curate for Mr. Lowther. 4
The following also from the same source deserves a
place here : —
Memorandum That George Whinfield of Oackton(?) came to
bowness to serve for Clerk on ye 1 of 8ber Anncq domini 1716 by ye
general consent of the 16teen and Rector of ye parish.
On the top of the page dealing with 1677 is " George
Whenfield" also in the margin of 1681 "George Whinfield
Clarke." His name appears in the Parish Registers of
Kirkbride along with that of John "Walker, Minister.^
1. Vide p. 351.
2. Miscel., p. 21.
3. Trans. (N.S.), vol. iv, p. 30.
4. For Lewthwaite vide p. 221.
5. Vide p. 599.
lY. KIRKBAMPTON.
This is a moderate sized village lying some six miles west
of Carlisle, and about the same distance north of Wigton.
The Registers of the Church, which is dedicated to St.
Peter, do not date farther back than 1695. The following
list of Incumbents covers the period : —
Joseph Lowden, M.A., 1598 — 1610.
He resigned in the latter year. A person of this name
was at Irthington in 1597.^
CuTHBERT Roper or Raper, 1610.
He was " unanimously and jointly presented by Henry
Dacre, Cuthbert Musgrave, and John Brisco esquires," ^
and instituted September 15th, 1610.
Robert Brown, M.A., 1639.
He held the living of Stanwix ^ as well, and died in
1639.
Otho Polewheele, M.A., 1639— 1651 (?).
He was instituted December 30th, 1639, on a Presenta-
tion by " Will Brisco de Crofton hall Com. Cumbr. ar.
hac Vice Patron." He had previously been at Egremont -i
for a short time, and, in 1640, compounded for his First
Fruits as follows : —
May 1640.
Kerkbampton Otho Polwhele IMinister of
Johnes Polwhele de
Trevoorgan in Com. Comub. 5
He appears as " Otto " and " Theophilus " as well as
" Otho." In 1651 he was appointed to the Lectureship at
1. Vide p. 283.
2. Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, p. 210.
3. Vide p. 190.
4. Vide p. 822.
5. Composition Books (Record Office).
Kirkbampton 607
Carlisle, to which place he removed.^ A ^ap of several
years occurs after the removal of Polewheele, the next
known Minister appearing in 1658.
John Bell, 1658 — 1679.
His appointment, together with a note of his Augmen-
tation, is given in the following: —
Kirkbanton in the County of Cumberland.
John Bell CI. Admitted the second day of July 1658 to ye R. of
Kirkbanton in the County of Cimibland Upon a pres. Exhib. the 21st.
day of May 1658 from William Brisco Esq. the patron And Certi-
ficates from The. Craister Cuth Studholme Tho. Sewell Jos. Nicholson
of Orton. 2
March 9. 1658.
Kirkbanton. Ordered yt Mr. ffarrington SoUr Certefy unto these
Trustees &c the Eighteenth Day of this iiustant March what are the
yearely sumes paj'^able out of the benefices of Beaumont & Kerkandrs
& Kerkbanton in the County of Cumberland for tenthes & what
arreares of tenthes are due from ye sd Benefices whereupon these
Trustees shall take further Consideracon of the peticon of Mr. John
Bell Minister of Kerkbanpton aforesd this day exhibited. 3
Kirkbanton. Apr. 1. 1659.
Ordered that the sume of 131i 8s 4d. bee graunted to and for
increase of the maintennce of Mr. John Bell Minister of Kirkbanton
in the County of Cumberland Approved by the Com. for approbation
of publique preachers Which wee hmnbly Certifie to his Highnes the
Lord protector and the Councell.
Jo. Thorowgood Edw. Cressett, Ra. Hall, Jo. Humfrey Ri. Yong.4
John Bell accepted the new order of things at the
Kestoration. He sought reordination and became Priest,
August 17th, 1662, just one week before St. Bartholo-
mew's Day." Everything points to a continuous ministry
until his death in 1679.
1. Vide p. 145.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 999.
3. Ibid., 989.
4. Ibid., 1004.
5. The Episcopal Register.
6o8 The Ejected of 1662
Thomas Story, M.A., 1679—1740.
He was an Edinburgh graduate, taking his M.A. degree
in 1674, was ordained Priest, March 7th, 1676-7, and
instituted, May 22nd, 1679, on a Presentation by Henry
Dacre of Lanercost. He held the living for 61 years ; and
at the time of his death, 1740, "had buried every one of
the parishioners that was living at his induction/'^ Bishop
Nicolson has the following interesting note in his Diary
under date Sept. 11, 1708 : "Mr. Story of K. Bampton, for
removeing to Burgh, his son (not yet poor-child)^ costs
him 401i per annum." s Along with Kirkbampton was
joined Burgh during the greater part of this period.* His
son, John Story, became Yicar of Thursby in 1726, and of
Dalston in 1731.
1. Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, p. 211.
2. " Pauper puer " the official designation of a Queen's College Under-
graduate.
3. Trans. (N.S.), vol. iv, p. 41.
4. Vide p. 225.
V. AIKTON.
This village, which in older documents appears as
"Ayketon," "Aketon," "Aicton," and "Acton," lies some
four miles north of Wigton and about nine west of
Carlisle. The Registers of the Parish Church, though it
is a very old foundation, do not begin until 1694. The
following is a list of Incumbents : —
Thomas Blayne, 1598—1642.
He was instituted June 19th, 1598, on a Presentation
by " Comes Arundell at Surrey." ^ Foster gives " Alan
Blayne as son of Thomas of Acton, Cumberland, Sacred.
Queen's Coll. matric. 21. Nov. 1628, aged 18: B.A. 12
May 1629, M.A. 24 Jan. 1631-2, rector of a moiety of
Pattishall, Northants, 1642, as Blaney." ^ Alan Blayne
appears in Walker's list of " Suffering Clergy." ^ Thomas
Blayne died in 1642.
Thomas Head, M.A., B.D., 1642—1646.
On the death of Thomas Blayne, Nicolson and Burn say
that " a caveat was entered Feby 7. 1642 by William
Head, vicar of Holm Cultram, on the behalf of his brother
Thomas Head; who on the 7th of March following was
instituted by archbishop Williams then residing in Wales,
on the presentation of Thomas Dennis a mercer in Oxford.
And a monition was sent by the said archbishop to the
archdeacon of Carlisle to give induction thereupon. Dr.
Usher was then and had been about :a year bishop of
Carlisle ; but archbishop Williams was then begun to
incline to the parliament party."* Thomas Head was a
1. Institution Books.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Pt. ii, p. 213 ; see also p. 413 of the same work.
4. Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, p. 201.
A N
6io The Ejected of 1662
native of Cumberland, matriculated Queen's Coll., Oxford,
at the age of 16, on May 10, 1622, graduated B.A. Jan.
31, 1626-7, M.A. June 30, 1630, B.D. June 11, 1639.i He
compounded for his First Fruits in 1643, and was here in
1644, contributing in that year to the Carlisle garrison
the sum of £3 — 0 — 0. He died however shortly after.
James Halton, B.A., 1646 .
He also was a native of Cumberland and graduate of
Queen's College, matriculating there May 10th, 1622, at
the age of 16, and taking his B.A. degree February 15th,
1625—6.2 His appointment to Aikton is given in the
following terms : —
Aketon. Julij. 4. 1646.
This Cotee taking into consideracon the peticon of James Halton
clerke for that it thereby appeareth that he is psented to the Rectorie
of Aketon in the Countie of Cumberland by the right honble the Earle
of Arundell & Surray patron thereof the said Rectorie becoming void
by death & the sd Mr. Halton complayneth that one Mr. Sharpies
who hath another livinge hath obteyned an order from the Comtee
for the parliamt in the North ptes for the said living conceiving the
said Earle to be a delinquent ffor that it now appeareth that the said
Earle is noe delinquent. The Comittee doe therefore referre him the
sd Mr. Halton to same to gett his Institucon and Induccon into the
sd R«ctorie notwithstanding the clayme of the sd Mr. Sharpies
thereunto.'
July 24th 1646. Ordered That Doctor Aylett shall give Institution
and Induction to James Halton Clerk to the Rectory of Aketon in
the County of Cumberland being presented thereunto by the Earl of
ArimdeU : And this with a Salvo Juris cujuscunque.*
Institution was given on July 27th ; but the appointment
was disputed, and an attempt was made by Francis Lord
Dacre to put in Richard Sharpies of Croglin.^ The
1. Al. Ox.
2. Ibid.
3. Add. MSS., Brit Mub., 15670.
4. L.J., vol. viii, p. 443.
5. Vide p. 406 ; also Masy Letters, p. 913.
Aikton 6 1 1
matter went on for a couple of years before James Halton
was "quieted" in the living, and the following documents
tell the story : —
Aug. 25. 1646. The Petition of Francis Lord Dacres touching the
Institution of James Halton, Clerk, to the Rectory of Aketon was
read. Upon the Petition of the Lord Dacre read this Day in the
House : shewing That the Petitioner hath presented Richard Sharpeles
Clerk to the Parish Church of Ackton in Cumberland ; a»nd that
Doctor Aylett hath granted Institution to another prejudicial to the
Petitioner's Title It is ordered by the Lords in Parliament That the
said Richard Sharpies shall continue his possession notwithstanding
the said Institution, any order of this House to the Contrary not-
withstanding : and that the said Parties concerned are hereby left to
their ordinary Course in Law as though no order of this House had
been made touching the same, i
Die Jovis Septembris 1646.
The Petition of James Halton Clerk, touching the Lord Dacres and
the Earl of Arundell and a Presentation to the Rectory of Aketon, in
■ Com. Cumberland was read in haec verba :
" To the Right Honourable the
Lords in Parliament Assembled.
The humble Petition of Jameg
Halton Clerk ;
Sheweth,
That he is duly, and within the six months, presented by the
Earl of Arundell to the Church of Aketon, Com. Cumberland, which
became void by the Death of Thomas Head, the last Inciunbent, in
February, 1644, who was also thereunto presented upon the said
Earl's Title, which is justified (as appended to the Manor of Aketon)
by a Possession of Two Hundred years in him and his Ancestors ;
And the Petitioner hath by Order of this Honourable House received
Institution from Mr. Doctor Aylett authorized in that Behalf :
That one Richard Sharpeles who is beneficed in the Same County,
and first, upon Pretence the said Earl was sequestered, obtains Order
from the Commissioners for the Northern Parts to officiate in the
said Church and receive the Profits thereof : Which Point being
cleared, and the Petitioner left to the due Course of Law for
settling himself in his Right ; now (the said Sharpies having without
Right these Two years kept Possession of the same Church) there is a
Petition exhibited to your Lordships, in the Name of the Lord Dacre,
supposing a Presentation from his Lordship to the said Shaipeles,
and intimating his Possession to have been under that Presentation ;
1. L.J., vol. viii, p. 470.
6i2 The Ejected of 1662
whereupon the Order annexed is Made, ' That the said Sharpeles
shall continue in Possession of the said Church notwithstanding the
Petitioner's said Institution.'
Now, for that the Petitioner doth humbly conceive it is not your
Lordships' Intention, by the Said Order, to prejudice his Title, nor
to give any Possession against the Petitioner to the said Sharpies
(who never pretended any Presentation from the Lord Dacre until
now, nor hath proved any to have been made within six months after
the Death of the last Incumbent, nor ever had any Institution
thereupon nor can indeed have any Title thereby) :
The Petitioner doth humbly pray that the said Church being in
Point of Law full of him the Petitioner, by the Right of the Said
Presentation and Institution ; and the said Lord Dacres if he had any
Right, put to this Action at Law ; your Lordships said order touching
the Possession may be discharged ; and the Petitioner at Liberty to
obtain Induction, which the said Sharpies, Notwithstanding a
Commission by Authority from your Lordships in that Behalf, did
oppose by Force And the Petitioner shall be ready to maintain his
Title at Law and answer any Action that shall be brought by the
said Lord Dacre, or his said Clerk, touching the Right of the said
Presentation.
And shall pray &c."
Upon reading of the said Petition of James Halton Clerk this Day
in the House, concerning his Right to the Parsonage of Aketon, in
the County of Cumberland, presented by the Earl of Arundell and
Surrey, whereunto Richard Sharpeles makes Claim, he being presented
by the said Lord Dacre to the said Parsonage : It is Ordered &c
That the parties are hereby left to their ordinary Course at Law
touching Matter in Difference between them ; any former Order of this
House in any wise Notwithstanding.'
Feby. 10, 1646-47. Ordered That Doctor Aylett shall give Institution
to Rich. Sharpies to the Parsonage and Rectory of Aicton in Cumb.
presented thereunto by the Commissioners of the Great Seal. This
with a Salvo juris cujuscunque and the Covenant to be taken. 2
May 20, 1648. Upon reading the Petition of James Halton
complaining That, upon the Presentation of Thomas Earl of Arundel
deceased he was by this House Instituted and Inducted into the
Church of Ayketon in Com. Cumber, but the Possession was forcibly
gained and detained from him by one Mr. Sharpeles who pretended
Right thereto by another Instrument. It is ordered That the
Petitioner shall be quieted in the said Living until he be evicted by
due Course of Law. 3
1. L.J., Vol viii, p. 484.
2. Ibid., p. 717.
3. Ihid., vol. X, p. 272.
Aikton 6 1 3
Ricliard Sharpies compounded for his First Fruits for
Aikton in March, 1646-7, and James Halton in November,
1648. It appears that Halton survived this only a short
time, for, in 1650, he was dead, and there was another
contest in reference to a successor.
William Lampit, B.A., 1650.
This is almost certainly the person to whom Foster
thus refers : " Lampit William of co. Worcester pleb. St.
John's College [Oxford] matric. 10. Nov. 1621 aged 16:
B.A. from Gloucester Hall 8 Feb. 1625-6." ^ Nicolson
and Burn, who make no mention of either James Halton
or Richard Sharpies, have the following: —
In 1650 Sir Arthur Haslerig and other commissioners for propagating
the gospel in the four northern counties ejected Mr. Lampit out of
the rectory of Aketon, upon account of his not having been legally
presented thereto : and settled there Mr. Rowland Nichols an able and
painful preacher. 2
William Lampit tells the story in his letters in the
Musgrave Tracts; and, as these Tracts contain much
valuable information respecting men and things in this
area during this period, an account of them with con-
siderable extracts is here appended.
John Musgrave, who gives his name to the series,
informs us in his " Cry of Bloud of an Innocent Abel,"
tbat he was the grandson of Sir Simon Musgrave, who in
the days of Queen Elizabeth did good service against the
marauding Scots as deputy warden ; and that on his
grandfather's death the Queen was pleased to honour his
father " with that imployment." He does not state his
father's name, but says that Sir Simon Musgrave's second
son was Sir Richard Musgrave ; and that his father
brought upon him the envy of King James, and that of
" most of the Scots Nobility " by the " great executions "
that he did " upon some eminent Scots, enemies to our
nation."
1. AI. Ox.
2- Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, p. 201.
6i4 The Ejected of 1662
He continues : —
About the 5th year of King James's reign here in England, one
Thomas Musgrave, a dissolute loose man, and one Puckering, more
deboist drew into their company Sr Thomas Musgrave, a young
gentleman and the eldest son of Sir Richard Musgrave, my
grandfather's second son; these fell upon the King's Receivers in
Westmorland, and robbed them, and the night after came to my
father's house, in Cumberland, and lodged there, my father being
then at Ednell, ignorant both of the fact done, and their being at
his house, as another of the same name vsrho suffered for that fact,
at his death did solemnly declare. Robinson, then Bishop of Carlisle,
knowing how pleasant a thing it would be to the King to bring my
father within the compasse of the Law, procures Puckering a
pardon to become an Approver against my father to evidence that he
was privy of their being at his house after the fact done, more they
could not have any colour for. King James, glad of this, doth
forthwith cause a Special Gaol delivery to be called for trial of my
father and sent down as Commissioners the Earl of Dunbar, with
sundry other Lords to carry on the design, he well knowing that
upon an equal tryal my father would be in no jeopardy, and the
King a moneth before the Tryal signs a warrant for execution to
prevent all Reprival, all which was with much celerity performed
according to the King's direction ; but the great signal Testimonies
of my father's innocency, and the Comitrey's dislike of these extra-
ordinary proceedings much discontented the King and the Court
faction. My father left an estate settled upon my mother & his
children of £200 by year, held by lease for 3 lives, which King
James would have seized on, but upon Tryall in the Exchequer,
possession was established with her.
He next tells us that afterwards his mother " by
persuasion of friends, to her children's undoing marries
one Vaux, a gent, of ancient but most wicked bloudy
family having no Estate at all." This was John Vaux
of Catterlen Hall, who died some years before Musgrave's
mother, and whom he charges with most brutally
treating her. The same charge he brings against his two
sisters who married, the one, Christopher Richmond, and,
the other, Richard Graham, of Nunnerly. These are the
two "Bloudy Cains," whose persecution of him he alleges
was so relentless.
John Musgrave lived at "Milnerigs," possibly the same
as Millrigg, a few 'miles south of Edenhall, and appears
\
Aikton 6 1 5
to have been a solicitor, for some time acting as steward
of the Honour of Penrith. For about ten years, 1645 to
1654, he bulks considerably in the life of these two
Counties, and was frequent with his Petitions to Parlia-
ment. Lilly in his account of the troubles of his "most
munificient Patron," Wm. Pennington of Muncaster,
caused by Isaac Antrobus and John Musgrave, says of the
latter : —
When the Times of Sequestration came was one John Musgrave,
the most bold and impudent Fellow and most active of all the
North of England, and most malicious against my Friend/ .
Besides the four Tracts to be noted presently, several
others are known to exist. John Musgrave is quite a
puzzle. Whether he was largely moved by self interest
in what he did, or was the patriot he claimed to be, it
is difficult to say. He appears to have been the one man
who was ready to take in hand " legal jobs," which no
one else would touch. His connection with the Church
at Broughton seems to have been intimate, and his style
of speech would suggest considerable sympathy with the
Quakers, some of w^hom he befriended. His language
was often eminently pietistic. Referring to an escape out
of the hands of Graham and Richmond, he says: —
Thus the Lord delivered me from these bloudy Conspirators.
In another place he writes : —
I have endeavoured to shun Superstition, and to expresse true
devotion, as I conceived might bee most acceptable to God, and
inoffensive to man.
On the whole his character does not leave a
favourable impression upon the reader. The following
are the Tracts : —
I. DECLARATION
of Captalne
John Musgrave
Prisoner in Newgate
Vindicating him against the misprisions and imputed reasons of
his sad imprisomnent for high Treason against the State with an
1. Hist, of His Life and Times, written by Himself, &c., 172L
6i6 The Ejected of 1662
Order or Proclamation : By the Committee of the City of London
with the Committee of Lords and Commons for safety : for Listing
- in the late engagement &c.
London.
Printed for John Musgrave, and are to bee Sold in
Newgate Market.
1647.'
II. A true and exact
RELATION
Of the great and heavy
PRESSURES
and
GRIEVANCES
The
Well-affected of the Northern bordering Counties lye under, by
Sir Arthur Haslerig's misgovernment, and placing in Authority
there for Justices of the Peace, Commissioners for the Militia,
Ministry, and Sequestrations, Malignants, and men disaffected to the
present Government, set forth in the Petition, Articles Letters and
Remonstrance, himibly presented to the Councel of State with his
Apologie to the Lord President, for publishing thereof.
By John Mtjsgrave [Latin quotation].
London, Printed Anno Dom. 1650.
The "Apologie" charges Sir Arthur Haselrig with taking
for " bosome acquaintances such as were professed enemies
to this Commonwealth; and preferrs none other; he slights,
derides, and keeps under all the cordial, and well
affected," an instance being Mr. [Charles] Howard, " a
most dangerous and notorious delinquent," who " hath
for his Councellour one Fallowfield a Lawyer, a dangerous
Papist, being but the other day with the Rebels in
Ireland, and for his Chaplain a Malignant-Priest [Nichols]
late Preacher to the King at Oxford in his Garrison there,"
and who is " made High Sheriff of Ctuinberland " : —
After he [Sir Arthur] returns into the Countrey to Newcastle
he convenes our Ministry before him ; the Engagement he mentions
not, nay some are threatened with imprisonment, for desiring the
same to be tendered to some Scottish Malignant Priests which are
beneficed with us, he establishes in the Ministry, malignant, scandalous,
and such as be opposite to the Engagement, our honest Ministers
1. There is nothing of any local interest in this Tract.
Aikton 6 1 7
and your friends he discountenanceth, silenceth, and sequesters,
putting in their places men disaffected and Mr. Nichols SheriSe
Howard's Chaplain, whom before I spoke of, upon the recommenda-
tion of Mr. Craystor [Thomas Craister, Mayor of Carlisle]
(as from a good hand is certefied one) since I came thence, he hath
placed at Aicton where before Mr. Lampit served faithfully the
cure.
[The " Apologie " is signed
John Musgrave.
12 month 1650.]
To the
Right Honourable the Council of State, sitting at White-hall.
The Humble Petition of John Musgrave, for, and in the behalf of
Thomas Worsley Esquire, John Worsley, Elizabeth Worsley, Caftain
Richard Crackanthorp, Mary Blaythwaite, and the rest of the well-
affected in the Counties of Cimiberlajid, Westmerland, Bishoprick,
and Northumberland. Articles exhibited by John Musgrave, Gentl.
to the Councel of State, against Sr Arthur Haslerigge, Knight, and
Barronet, Govemour of New-Castle, and the Northern bordering
Counties.
1. That Sr Arthur Haslerigge contrary to his Engagement to the
Councel of State, and Councel of States Declarations upon the
Petitioner's exceptions, procured lately such in the County of
Cumberland, to be Justices of the Peace, Commissioners for Sequestra-
tions, Commissioners for the Ministery, and Commissioners for the
Militia there as were known Delinquents, and such as are disaffected
to the present Government, and complying with the Scottish Interest,
ae by the charge against them hereunto aainexed, and another charge
against them, formerly exhibited to the Councel of State may appear.
2. That the said Sr Arthur Haslerigge being the chief, and leading
Commissioner for the Ministry at Xew-castle, approved of such
Ministers in Cumberland at New-Castle as refused the Engagement,
were Scandalous, and Delinquents ; And such Ministers as were well
affected, without any charge removed from their Ministery, and put
them out of their places, whereby he discovers his dis-affection to the
present Government, by upholding and countenancing the Malignant
party in Authority, and keeping under the Parliament's friends.
There are seventeen charges in all, among them being
the fact that he had given " Commissions to Thomas
Craystour, Cuthbert Studholme, Captain Broivn, and
others to be Captains, and Lieutenants in Carelile
Garrison, men known to be disaffected to the present
Government, prof est Enemies to honest men" ; that he
6i8 The Ejected of 1662
'"doth Countenance none in Cumberland, but such as are
profest Enemies to the honest party, and are for the
Scottish Interest" ; that "the said Sr Arthur is a protector
of Papists, and Delinquents, forbidding the Subseques-
tratours, and Sollicitours for Sequestration in . Bishoprick
to Sequester Papists, Ordered to be Sequestred, of which
the Papists and Delinquents do much boast, and honest
men thereby are much cast down." The writer then
proceeds : —
Articles Exhibited by John Musgrave, against the Justices of the
Peace, Commissioners for the Militia, Commissioners for the Ministery,
and Commissioners for Sequestrations in the County of Cumberland
at the desire and Request of the well-affected there.
Imprimis, Thomas Lamplough now Justice of the Peace, a Comniiss oner
for the Militia and Ministry, took the Oath for the Earl of New-Castle
against the Parliament, subscribed the same set out Horse and
Arms for the Enemy, Voluntarily Contributed to the Enemy, and
his Estate protected by the Enemy, a great persecutour of honest
men. under the name of Independents, a Countenancer and protector
of Papists, Delinquents, and Malignant Ministers, ajid did justifie
the Enemyes Colonels Orders were good orders, and ought to be
obeyed.
2. John Stoddart now a Commissioner for the Militia and Ministry,
a man Sequestrable, was a Lieutenant in Arms for the enemies
against the Parliament under Captain Rolf a drunkard, a pleader for
Delinquent and Scandalous Ministers, an Enemy to honest men, and
the Parliament's suflering friends.
3. Robert Hutton now a Commissioner for the Militia and Minist y,
a man Sequestrable, took the Oath for the Earl of New-Castle against
the Parliament, a countenancer and upholder of Malignant and
Scandalous Ministers, and such as Act for the Scottish Interest, a
commoji Ale-house haunter and a great drinker.
4. Cuthbert Studholme now Commissioner for the Mihtia, Ministry
and Sequestrations, a private Captain in Carlile Garrison, a Farmour
of Sequestred tithes at far under values, when other would have
given and offered greater sumes, a countenancer and upholder of such
Ministers as oppose the Engagement, and he is for the Scottish
Interest against the Parliament's friends.
5. Thomas Craister now a Commissioner for Sequestrations, for
the Militia and Ministry, a professed Enemy and persecutour of all the
Parliament's suffering friends there under the name of Independants,
an upholder and maintainer of Malignant and such Ministers as
Aikton 6 1 9
refused the Engagement and are for the Scottish faction, threatened
those that informed against such saying, they went in John Musgrave's
way, he discountenanced witnesses produced against Thomas
Millington, a Malignant Minister, who since the Act and Proclamations
against King and Kingship, prayed for all Kings and Princes, and
especially for those that pretended title to this Nation, and forbad
men to speak against the King, and said the King's Laws would
yet be in force and LawfuU, and that the Parliament could not order
England, he doth still Church women and take money for Burials,
all this and much mere was proved before the said M. Craister,
M. Langhorn, M. Lamplough, M. Cholmeley, and Edward Winter,
yet by M. Craister's power and countenance the said Minister is
still Countenanced and continued in his personage, being worth lOOf
per Annum, and more.
6. That Thomas Craister refused to joyn with the said John
Musgrave, to receive discoveries against Delinquents, whereby the
Common-wealth is hindered 10000/ and Delinquents inabled to raise
a second war.
7. That the Commissioners for the Militia in Cumberland suffer
Delinquents to ride with their amies, to and from their homes at
pleasure, some 10, some 20, some 60 miles, without Sequestring or
questioning them for it, contrary to the late Act of Parliament.
8. Thomas Cholmely now a Justice of Peace, a Commissioner for
the Militia, Ministry and Sequestrations, a man Sequestrable left the
Parliament for his delinquency in the first war, was in arms and
joyned with the Enemy against the Parliament, and Voluntarily lent
the Enemy fifty pounds, in the second war kept Intelligence with
the Scots, and sent a man and horse to the Enemy into Scotland,
took the Oath for the Earl of New-Castle against the Parliament,
a great Enemy to the Parliament's friends and them they call
Independants, joyned with M. Briscoe, Sr Wilfride Lawson,
M. Lamplough, M. Henry Tolson, M. Thomas Curwen, and M. John
Barwis, in committing diverse honest n)en for not coming to the
Book of Common-Prayer, since it was taken away, and caused them
to be indicted at the Quarter Sessions for the same. And a little
before the Scots received the last great overthrow by the now Lord
General, the said M. Cholmley said the Scots were his brethren in
Covenant, and it was against his conscience to fight against the Scots,
he is a great upholder of such Ministers as are against the Engagement,
and he complieth with the Malignant and Scottish party.
9. Edward Winter a man of private condition, never appeared
for the Parliament where danger was, a Countenancer and maintainer
of Malignant Ministers and such as are against the Engagement,
620 The Ejected of 1662
and procured by M. Craister and M. Langhom to be a Commissioner
for the Militia and Ministry to vote with them.
10. John Crosthwaite a Commissioner for the Militia and Ministry,
a maji that lived peaceably in the Enemies Quarters while they had
power, never acted nor appeared for the Parliament where danger
was, holds his Estate in Tenantbright under Sr John Lowther, and
was Bailiffe and receiver of his Rents, when Sr John was a
Commissioner of Array, he is a fearfull low-spirited man, and
procured by M. Craister to be a Commissioner to vote and Act with
him.
11. William Mawson now a Commissioner for the Militia and
Ministry, never acted nor appeared for the Parliament where danger
was, a great favourer and protector of Scandalous and Malignant
Ministers, and procured by M. Craister and M. Langhorn to vote
with them and uphold their Interest.
12. Thomas Langhom, now a Commissioner for Sequestrations, the
Militia and Ministry ; a Man sequestrable took the Oath for the Earl
of Newcastle against the Parliament : A great enemy to them they
call Independents, refused to joyn with the said John Musgrave, in
discovery of Delinquents when presented unto them, an upholder of
Mr. Balwyne, a Minister that refuseth the Engagement, to preach on
Thanksgiving-dayes or preach for the Parliament or Army, disaffected
to the present Government, and joynes with Mr. Craister to keep
under such as favour the Parliaments, and such as are called
Independents.
13. Thomas Garth named Agent for Sequestrations, a man
Sequestrable, took Oath for the Earl of Newcastle, was Comet to
Sir Henry Fletcher, and Quartermaster to Sir Phylip Musgrave, a
great favorer and protector of Malignants, while he was Solicitor to
the old Committee for Sequestrations.
14. Henry Robinson, imployed as Agent for Sequestrations now
by Mr. Craister and Mr. Lajighorne, voluntarily gave to the Enemy
five pounds to buy a Horse and ingaged he would never act for the
Parliament, protesting what he did for the Parliament, he did it for a
livelihood ; saying, alas, alas, he was for the King in his heart.
15. Thomas Curwen, now a Justice of Peace, in the last Warre set
out man and Horse for the Enemy, was protected in his Eistate by
Baronet Curwen, and continued at the said Baronet Curwen's house all
the time of the last Warre, and after the County was reduced to
the Parliament, he protected the said Baronet Curwen's Estate,
kept his Goods from being sequestring, and in a threatening manner
told some whom he Ccilled Independents, that it was such as they
that caused the last Warre.
Aikton 621
16. That all or most of the Delinquents there injoy their real
Estates, and most of their personal, and those that have compounded
with Sir Arthur Haslerig, did not compound the half value of their
Estates.
17. Sir Wilfride Lawson, now a Commissioner for Ministers, and a
Justice of Peace, was a Commissioner of Array, and acted upon the
same, took the Oath for the Earl of Newcastle, and was in Arms with
the Enemy against the Parliament, hath great summes of money of
the County, not accompted for, a professed Enemy to honest men, a
favorer and Protector of Papists and Delinquents.
18. That the Commissioners for the Militia, are great favourers of
Malignants very unequally raising the Horse on the poorer sort; and
the Parliament's Friends, whose Estates are under ten pounds per
Annum ; and men of great Estates, and charged by the Act, not
charging them proportionably, and upon such as have Estates and did
set out Horse and Arms for the enemy, they impose little, and of
some such nothing at all.
19. That the Commissioners for Ministers have desplaced such
honest Ministers as they call Independents, and such rectories they
take into their hands, they farm out to their own Agents and
Servants at far undervalues, and for far less then others would
have given and afford, when the same be let out as one instance for
many, they let the Rectory of Graistock, which is worth 300Z per
Annum, to their Agent Clerk for three score and eleven pounds,
when twice as much was bid, and the Commissioners take the Tythes
up to their own use as can be proved.
John Musgrave.
The Articles are subscribed, and will be attested by
John Nicholson,
Mungo Rothero,
John Nicholson,
Francis Smith,
Isaac Antrobus.
Musgrave was invited to appear before tlie Council of
State " to morrow in the afternoon " to give in his excep-
tions &c., the date of the order being Jan. 31, 1649.
Then follows this letter from the "Congregated Church"
at Broughton together with some others : —
Kind Friend and Brother Musgrave.
Upon your return from London in Hillary Terme we were much
gladded the Council of State was pleased to hear you upon your
exceptions to the Commissioners of the Militia, and for their
^22 The Ejected of 1662
Declaration to redress our grievances Complained of in your
Remonstrance; but when we understood that Sir Arthur Hazlerig had
procured the same men whom you excepted against, not only to be
Commissioners for the Militia, but for the Ministry we were cast
down, conceiving the Enemy to be very potent, and prevailing more
on you, because of your negligence, though formerly you have been
very active and suffering for your countrey ; yet in this we
cannot but blame you, being confident, if the Councel of the State
had known what manner of men they were, how disaffected to the
present Government, either Cavaliers or of the Scottish faction, not
one of them would have been approved of by the Councel of State,
unless the Crovernor of Carlile who in regard he is a stranger, is
whoUy guided by the other : As for the Militia, they pursue not the
Act, but take a disposing power of Men's Estates, setting some
half a Horse, where his Estate is not equal to such they impose but
a third part. And for the Ministry they approve of few or none, but
such as are of the Scottish faction and raylors against Independents,
or if worse may be, such as are Malignants and Royalists ; but for
honest men, they cannot abide, such they remove and put out of the
Ministry, under the name of Sectaries and Independents , as Mr.
Lam-pit, Mr. Baggerley, and Mr. Wharton; if any be for the
Presbytery , though they deny the Engagement, are approved of, and
allowed : our Justices of Peace do impose book-swearing upon some
of the States friends, and for denying the same, do fine them in ten
pounds, threatening them, and scoffing them, and calling them as they
think good. Mr. Musgrare, be not weary of well doing, though you
have no money or wages from us, slight us not, it concernes you
nearly; if the Enemy be thus holden up, you can expect little ease,
and lesse security ; therefore as you tender your own welfare, and
your friends' peace, be not sluggish or longer silent, but stand for
the cause of our God, and his People, be bold, it will be your Honour,
whatsoever the success be, trust God. Sir, howsoever be our
condition, we will not cease to trouble you, hoping you will take
in good part what we have written ; and will not forsake your
suffering friends, or in silence leave us under our Enemies hands,
let the God of power inable you to finish what you have begun, for
the good of his Church and People; to whose care and protectiooti
we recommend you and our cause, this 13 of the 9 Moneth 1650.
Your Brethren in Affection, and signed by the direction of the
Church at Bro^ghton, in particular viz. John Robinson, Mungo
Rothero, Gawen Wheelwright, John Tafl&n, John Bow, John Scot,
Fran. Smith, Tho. Thompson, John Nicholson [this last name is
-written].
Mr. Lampit the Minister of Aickton in Cumberland, hearing I was
to take my journey for London, writes unto me this following Letter
Aikton 623
Jb after came to me himself desiring me to present hif Petition to the
Councel of State, and another for the Committee for plundered
Ministers ; the man being poor and a great sufferer, 1 undertook to
do m.y endeavour, to accomplish his desire, but not knowing what
success I should have therein, 1 did not tajce one peny of his money:
October 15. 1650.
Worthy Sir,
Hearing of your exceeding care in promoting the glory of God, &
of your favourable countenance in incouraging honest men, in reference
to the State, and preseoit Government of this Nation, strongly ani-
mates, and makes me, though unacquainted, to present you in these
lines, with a short Character of the harsh, and unkind (if not unjust)
dealings and proceedings of the Commissicaiers for the Ministry
against me at Newcastle, and their favour towards Malignants, and
scandalous Ministers. Sir, I was by some of the old Committee, and
other Officers in Carlisle commended to Aicton Church as Minister,
& (after the decease of Mr. Halton last incumbent) there elected &
called by the People, as appears by a testimony under their hands ;
but when Mr. Craystor had received the like Commission, I was
called at first to Newcastle, and their rage was so hot against me, in
that I passed under the notion of an Independent, that Mr. Craystor
told me, I should not stay at Airton upon any condition, and so by
his procurement, incensed Sir Arthur and the rest, that they ejected
me, sequestred the Rectory, and left the People ever since without a
Preacher; they having neither information, accusation, or other
charge against me, save only my judgement, crossing Presbytery and
the Scottish Interests. But as for others, whose names are subscribed,
though Malignant, known Delinquents, and very Scandalous, the
Commissioners approved, and setled in their place as honest men, and
others as yet never questioned. All which partial actings of theirs,
as yet strengthens theirs, and the hands of their enemies ; so it
mightily disheartens the well affected, and will prejudice, as me in
particular, so the Commonwealths friends in general. Wherefore I
pray you in behalf of myself, and the honest party, use your
endeavour for a speedy redress, which I hope you will not neglect, and
rest
Your Friend to serve you
W. Lampit.
Mr. Bradshaw Minister at Westwards who had two wives at once,
now living, this they know.
Mr. Luggard, Minister at Workington, who was a Chancellour in
Ireland, was married to another man's Wife in her Husband's life-
time, and often drunk.
Mr. Jo. Macmillian a Scot, who had an adulterous Bastard in the
highest degree, and was deposed for it in Scotland.
624 The Ejected of 1662
Mr. Johnston Minister at Disttngton, who had often complyed with
the enemy under Duke Hamilton.
Mr. Grainger Minister at Bromfield, who is often drunk, an apparent
Malignant, a Cavalerish Priest, even to this day.
Mr. Batchleiffe of St. Bees, Mr. Sledded of Cannanby, with many
more whom they know themselves, have been very active against the
State, yet because they are Presbyterians, they must be setled, and
are esta;blished in their places by their power.
Mr. Wheelwright Chaplain to Barronet Curwen at Preston, lately
in Arms against the State, now Minister at Broughton.
Mr. Warwick late Chaplain to Sir Edward Musgrave a great
plunderer of honest men.
Mr. Chambers at All hallowes, tenderer of Oath for the Lord
Newcastle, a Preacher for the Enemy, a Common-Prayer-Booh Man.
Mr. Welchman Minister at Stannix, an enemy in Carlisle Town,
when the Leager was against it, and many more.
And all the Sir Johns and Readers yet never questioned by the
Commissioners, and that the Independents first questioned, and put
out, I have alwayes been in the Parliament's Army and Garrison, and
never declined the Service, being 3 times in prison, and 5 times
plundered and I am now going with the Governor of Carlisle into
Scotland.
Yours
To his much honoured W. L.
Friend,
Mr. Musgrave
this deliver.
October the 16. 1650.
Dear Friend
Upon after thoughts I am bold to acquaint you further with Mr.
Craistours dealing and my friends, I being at New-Castle by order
from the Commissioners for the Ministry, and knowing Mr. Craistours
resolution to out me, I delivered a Letter that I received from ^Major
Bird, Captain Cave, and other officers, who writ in my behalf to a
friend of theirs and mine, Lieutenant Colonel Hobson by name, which
Letter when he read, and spake with me, did go presently to Mr.
Craistour and others, and spake in my behalf to him, who promised
him to do for me according to his desire, which was to establish me
in the place I was placed in by the Order you have to show, and I
speaking with Mr Craistour myself he appeared very loving, and
said I should that day be called, and he would be my friend, my
friends and myself believing him, conceived all to be as he pretended,
and did rest contented till that day was past, and at night he meeting
with Lieutenant Colonel Hobson told him he had accomplished his
desire in behalf of his friend, which was myself upon his word, the
Aikton 625
Lieutenant Colonel sent a Letter to Major Bird and other Officers
that my friend (sayeth he) and yours is established in his place. But
all this appeared to be meer dissembling, onely to hinder my friends
to speak for me, till he did get an order to out me without any
charge against me, and Sequestred the means. Whether this be just
and righteous dealing I shall desire all un-by-assed to Judge, and
since, he and the rest have had the Rectorie in their hands, there
hath not a Sermon been preached by their appointment. And I would
have preached to the people though nothing I asked for my pains ;
yet Mr. Craistour said it was not fit for me to preach, saying, I was
a private man, because the hands of the Presbytery were not laid on
me, upon order I left the place, five weeks the Clergy read to the
people by the Commissioners appointment, as he saith, but after five
weeks seeing their condition and hearing them complain to me, I
have preached to them these six weeks for nothing, but now I am
going with the Army into Scotland Mr. Howldsvk)rth an Enemy to
the State, was indeavoured to be put in the place by Commissary
Sewel, but the people would not accept of him. I could acquaint you
with much more of this, and the like, but I rest
Yours W. Lampit.
I have preached this 20 years and was both Minister and Governour
in Lunde Island, and was never excepted against by the Army or real
friends to it, or the State W- L.
To his much respected friend
Mr. JOHN MUSGRAVE.
Mr. Bywater Chapline to the Governour of Carlile, a man of good
report writes to me this following Letter in approbation of what Mr.
Lampit had writ, and Mr. Craistors unchristian dealing with him.
Noble Sir
Mr. Major (meaning Mr. Craister) quondam Captain, did (as I
am informed) chearfuUy bear Arms for the King in Carlile, yea,
bought Arms with his own mony, after this he faced about to the
Pari, party, and being imprisoned by the Royalists for it, by-and-by
he recants the premises considered, for when Duke Hamilton appeared
before Carlile, offering him release upon these tearmes, viz. in case
he would joyn with him and the Presbyterian party against England
upon the last invasion, it is reported that he manifested willingness
to receive freedom upcm these tearms, for since he hath acted in that
stream with a high hand by countenancing such as are extream
enemies to this present power * speaking [in margin *"As Mr. Baldwin
who uttered in the sight of the Regiment stray expressions tending
to strife and division "] words of division in the Parliaments
Garrison though he himself had Commission there ; Nay, his whole
current was for the Scottish interest with the English Parliament, for
A O
626 The Ejected of 1662
he kept his Commission there, and received the sweet of it, till he
with others were designed against Scotland, but then layes it down
under this specious pretence that he could not in conscience receive
any more mony from the State, in that he could not, or had not done
them any service, because of his Mayoralty but all this while nothing
said of making restitution ; he was a friend to Scottish Minister of
CocJcermouth, who refused to take the Engagement, he keeps in
Town Officers that refuse the same, manifesting by sundry other
actions that whatever his pretension is, yet his intention is not for
the present power. My dear love to yourself from him who is
Your and the Common-wealth's
Servant
/. Bywater.
I do well approve of this other relation concerning Mr. Lampit for
Mr. Craister, manifested as much hardness as he could.
Octob. 15. 1650.
To his very good friend
M. Musgrave.
All men may see by this Letter of L. Fearon the rage of the
Justices made by Sr Arthur H. have against honest men, and that the
poor Church of Broughton complain not without cause what would
not these Justices do, if Armed with Law and countenance by the
higher power, when they thus despise the Acts & Ordinances of
Parliament? for it is more than a year since the Act for liberty to
swear without laying hand on a Book was passed and published.
Mr. Musgrave
Z was summoned to appear at the last quarter-Sessions of the Peace
at Cockermouth, where I did appear, and being returned to be one
of the Jury, because I could not swear upon a booh, Mr. Henry
Pearson then Clerk of the Peace, fined me 10 pounds, and would not
suffer me to be of the Jury : 1 shall desi'^e you to help me, and other
of our friends, who are troubled for the same, that we may have the
benefit of the Act of Pari concerning Boole-Swearing, Mr. Antrobus
and Francis Smith are troubled for the like by Mr. William Tubman,
Steward to the Earl of Northumberland in Egrem-ont-Court, the
Justices that sate upon the Bench the last Sessions when I was fined
in 10 pounds are Sr Wilfrid Lawson, Henry Tolson, Thomas Curwen
and Miles Halton. 7 pray you do this for us; for the Parliam,ents
suffering friends are much oppressed by their Enemies.
Sir, I remain
Your loving friend
Lancelot Fearon.
Lamplough the 15. of October 1650.
For Mr. John Musgrave, Steward of the Honour of Penreth.
Aikton 627
There is much else in the pamphlet but not of local
interest. In a " Post-Script " the writer says that " Sir
A. H. within these 2 or 3 years, and since he became ruler
of the North, hath got an Estate in Lands there, worth
eight or ten thousand pounds per Annum, part by oppres-
sion; but the most of it by buying the Common-wealths
Lands at far undervalues ; the Surveyors being such who
durst not displease him, but made returns of the values
as he desired."
III. MUSGRAVE MUZL'D ;
or
The Mouth of Iniquitie Sloped. • .
Being
A true and Clear Vindication of
Sir Arthur Hazelrigge
from
A false and Scandalous Accusation of
John Mitsgrare.
In his late Pamphlet Intituled, A True and exact Relation of the
great and heavie pressurs and grievances the Well-affected of the
Northern bordering Counties lye under by Sir A. H. misgovernmeoit.
With a True but not Exact Character of the said Musgrave in some
discoveries of him.
London Printed by John Macock for L. Lloyd & H. Cripps, and
are to be sold at their shop in Popes head Alley, 1651.
This pamphlet is an attempt to vindicate the character
of Haselrig and it brings a counter charge against
Musgrave of covetousness, dishonesty and knavery. The
points are taken and answered seriatun and the language
used of Musgrave is exceedingly bitter. It is said that he
was outed from the stewardship of the Honour of Penrith
and took it ill. Among other things adduced in proof of
his covetousness and knavery is the following : —
Observe his covetousness, dishonesty, and (to speak it out) his plain
Knavery in this Instance following, in a Certificate under the hand of
a Minister and an eye-witness thereof.
A Certificate from, a Minister touching Mr. Musgrave's base offering
to compound to desist prosecution of an honest man, by him accused
for a certain sum of money.
About the beginning of February, 1648, Captain Crackanthorp and
John Musgrave procured an Order from the Committee for Complaints
at Westminster, to summon several Gentlemen within the County of
628 The Ejected of 1662
Cumberland to appear before the said Committee, to answer to a
Charge lay'd against them by the said Captain Crakanthorp and John
Musgrave, who alledged, that they had sustained loss or damage by
those Gentlemen (being Justices of the Peace within the said County)
to the value of two thousand pounds and upwards ; which Order the
said Informers shewed to Captain Dowson and myself, then being in
London. We friendly demanded of them. What Injury they had
received from William, Brisco Esq., now High-Sheriff of the said
County, being one of those Gentlemen whom they accused, and whom
they had Order to Summon. And finding, by their unsatisfactory
Answer, that a matter of mony would pacific them, and prevent this
appearance, we acquainted Mr. Edward Brisco, a Merchant in London,
and Brother to the said William Brisco, Esq ; of their Intentions, so
•far as by their discourse we could judg of them; Mr. Edward Brisco
was willing to promise a considerable sum of mony, though without
his Brother's privity, hoping he might thereby procure a discharge
from the Complainers, and withall an engagement under their hands
to free his Brother from all future trouble, which accordingly was
effected, and the sum agreed upon viz 351. presented before them,
upon the sight and promise whereof, the Complainers engaged to
acquit the said William Brisco from all future troubles, assuring us
that they would not molest or accuse him directly or indirectly, by
themselves or others, for any injury or offence done, or pretended to
have been done, by him,, either in particular against them, or In
general against the State, of which they protested they were able, and
would accuse him, if they received not present satisfaction. They on
the other side required Bonds, besides the present payment of the
money, for assurance from the said Edward Brisco Captain Dowson
and myself that we would not descover this their Act and send to
any other, least the report thereof should prejudice their proceedings
against the rest of the Gentlemen of whom they hoped to receive like
satisfaction : their engagemeait for acquiting Mr. Brisco, together with
the mony, which then lay upon the Table in a bag, He the said Mr.
Edward Brisco immediately pocketed pretending that he desired to
be advised by some Lawyers, whether this Engagement of theirs was
full and satisfactory, or not ; and so leaving them that had delivered
their Engagement, and not received their mony, he went home, and
that night shewed the paper to Major Salloway, a Member of the
House, who assured him that he would acquaint the House with it.
This I am willing to depose upon Oath, whenso ever I shall be called
thereunto.
Jos. Nicholson, Minister of God's Word at Thursby. Mr. Edward
Brisco is now in the City, and ready to make Oath of what i«
expressed in this Certificate."
[Here follows Musgrave's release of Brisco.]
Aikton 629
The writer of the pamphlet goes on : —
I ahaJl forbear any further digging in his own dunghill ; for the
truth is, I loath the work, and it shall be pure necessity that shall
re-compel my pains of this nature, if ever I attempt it the second
time : no more now but only this : he pretends himself the grand
Advocate for the godly Ministers in the Northern Coimties; if you
may judg of his Clergy Clients by one or two of them, whose cause
he solicited very lately before the Committee of Plunder'd Ministers,
you may quickly ghess what Ministers they are; and for thy satis-
faction herein, read the Orders of the said Committee after full
hearing of both of their Causes.
"At the Committee, for Plundered Ministers, February IJ/.. 1650.
Upon the complaint of Mr. John Musgrave on the behalf of Mr.
Morland, ejected out of the Rectory of Qraystock in the County of
Cumberland by Sir Arthur Haslerig, and other the Commissioners for
propagating the Gospel in the four Northern Counties, the said Mr.
Morland appealing against the Judgment of the said Commissioners,
and being now present with the said Mr. John Musgrave, his
Solicitor, to make good the said Appeal, It is admitted on both sides.
That the Cause of the said Mr. Morland his Ejectment out of the
said Rectory, was for insufficiency for the Ministry ; and that he
appearing upon examination before the said Commissioners (as is in
behalf of the said Commissioners affirmed) to be grossly ignorant and
therefore unable and unfit for the work of the Ministry, they have
adjudged him a scandalous Minister; but the said Mr. Morland
standing upon his Justification, submitteth himself to a re-examination
before this Committee ; and being now re-examined before tliis
Committee in presence of his said Solicitor Mr. John Musgrave, and
all parties concerned, it appeareth to this Committee upon the
publique Examination of the said Mr. Morland, that he is notoriously
ignorant even of the very Fundamentals of Christian Religion ; and
the said Mr. Morland having nothing more to say for himself, nor
his said Solicitor Mr. Musgrave, on his behalf, this Committee do
upon full hearing adjudg that the said Mr. Morland is a very
Scandalous Minister in regard of his said ignorance, and do approve
of the said Commissioners ejecting him out of the said Rectory for
the same, and do therefore order, That the Orders of the said
Commissioners for his said Ejectment shall stand, and the same are
hereby confirmed, and that the said Appeal be, and the same is,
hereby dismissed.
Gilbert Millington."
"At the Committee for Plundered Ministers February
U. 1650.
Upon the complaint of Mr. John Musgrave on the behalf of Mr.
630 The Ejected of 1662
Lam/pit against Sir Arthur Haslerig, and the rest of the Commissioners
for propagating the Gospel in the four Northern Counties, the said
Mr. Lamint appealing against the judgment of the said Commissioners
for removing him out of the Rectory of Aicton in the County of
Cumberland, and being now present with the said Mr. John Musgrave
his Solicitor to make good the said Appeal; It appeareth upon full
hearing of what the said Mr. Lampit and Mr. Musgrave could say,
that Mr. Lampit was not ejected out of the said Rectory by the
said Commissioners, for that the said Mr. Lampit by his own
shewing and confession acknowledges that he had no other title unto
the said Church, but the Election and entertainment of some of the
said Parish thereunto, they having no Authority at all to present;
and that the said Commissioners taking notice of the vacancy of the
said place (the former Incumbent being lately dead) did according
to the Authority vested in them by the Parliament, settle Mr. Nichols,
Minister of the said Church, an able and painful Preacher, who is
freely received and entertained by the said Parish, and the pretended
choyce of the said Mr. Lampit by them the said Parishioners wholly
retracted. Now therefore in regard the said Mr. Lampit claimeth
only by Intrusion, as aforesaid, without any right, and the said
Commissioners having found it so before them, and thereupon other-
wise disposed of the 'said living according to Law : The said Mr.
Lampit and Mr. Musgrave having nothing more to say, this Committee
finding that the said Mr. Lampit or Mr. Musgrave had not the least
just cause of complaint against the said Sir Arthur Haslerig a<nd
Commissioners for putting the said Mr. Lampit out of the said
Rectory of Aicton, do approve of the proceedings of the said
Commissioners, and confirm the Order by them made for disposing
the said Rectory, and do dismiss the said Appeal.
Gilbert Millington."
IV. A Cry of
Bloud
of An
Innocent Abel
Against Two
•Bloudy Cains
Being
A Discovery of Two Cavalier and
Malignant Brothers Conspiracy
against another Brother of
the Parliament Party
And
A short Relation of Justices
of the Peace in Cumberland
their Illegal Proceedings
Aikton 631
Against the
Parliaments Friends
with
A Complaint of some Corruptions
and Delays in Law and
Chancery Proceedings.
London. Printed 1654.'
It is addressed '' To the Honourable Major General
Lambert, one of his Highness Councel." There is in it
little of interest for our purpose until we come to the notes
about the various justices in the two Counties. The
writer says :
I will proceed in order with our County Justices of the Peace in
Cumberland and Westmorland ;
And first with Cumberland, whose names be, Sir Wilfrid Lawson,
Charles Howard, William Briscoe, John Barwis, Henry Tolson,
Thomas Cholmley, John Hudson, Thomas Craister, Tho : Langhorn,
Arthur Foster, Lancelot Fletcher, Captain Coulsey.
Sir Wilfrid Lawson did take the treasonable Oath and Engagement
called the E. of Newcastles Oath was a Lieuten. Colonel in Armes
for the King caused one Widdow Blaithwait to be carried in a cart
to Carlisle Goal, and there imprisoned, and first stript to her smock,
urging to Sir Philip ^lusgrave that she came from the Parliament, as
a Spy. Committed to prison one George Foxe to close Goal, and pro-
cured an Order from the Judges that none of his friends should visit
him, for no other thing then being a Preacher, without ever laying
any charge against the McUi to this day.
After an Injunction served for settling possession. Sir Wilfrid
Lawson some three months since put two of Sir Patritius Curwen's
tenants out of the possession of their houses and tenements, and
thereby the men were forced to submit to their Landlords will and
pleasure, after much money spent in settling their possession. Sir
Wilfride Lawson being Sheriff the last Summer Assizes at Carlisle,
refused to arrest Christoph. Eichmond upon a Capias ut legat, at my
mothers suit the Warrant being delivered to him in Richmonds
presence, and his Fee tendered [&c].
Charles Howard a notorious delinquent, though at Worcester he
engaged against the enemy, yet his brother (supposed not without his
privity) betraid a great part of Mr. Howards Troop to the Scots King,
1. MS. copy in the Jackson Librai'y, Carlisle. The text is set from
this copy, but it has been collated with an original in the British
Museum, only a few minor differences of spelling having been retained.
632 The Ejected of 1662
with whom his brother went away, and before Mr. Howard came up
to the last Parliament, Sir Pat. Curwen and most of his projecting
Cavaliers was at his House all night, which the Well-affected are
jealous was upon some designe, for the next day again they had
another great meeting at Sir Patric. Curwen's Castle, under colour of
a hunting. Mr. Howard used barbarous cruelty upon the body of the
WiYe and daughter of Thorn. Milb[urn] one of the Witnesses examined
to prove his delinquency by causing a Scottish Witch finder, so
tearmed in his presence, to strip the women, and thrust great pins
into sundry parts of their naked bodies, to the amazement of the
beholders, the women being of good repute, and never any charge
brought against them.
Since the last Plot against the Lord Protector was discovered Mr.
Howard hath listed one Berriswith to be one of the Lord Protectors
Life-guard, by the name of Hunt, that he might not be known by
the name of Berriswith, he and his friends being so much declared
enemies to the Parliament as Captain Thorp a man of credit, both
by Word and writing doth testifie ; for other things I refer you to
my Letter to the speaker of the last Parliament, my petition, Articles,
and the proof of his Delinquency following; only I desire notice may
be taken of what manner of men he puts in Commission of peace
with us.
[Here follow his Letter, Petition and Charges.]
William Briscoe was a Committee man for the enemy, advised the
other justices being most of them Commissioners for Array to commit
Captain Crakanthorp and me for not taking the Oath of Supremacy
and advised the other Justices to disobey our Habeas Corpus.
When the Justices in open Sessions would have released one Nicholson,
committed by Col. Fletcher, for refusing to take up Arms for the
King against the Parliament, Mr. Briscoe advised the Court not to
do it without Collonel Fletchers directions. Whereupon the poor
man was held in prison, till the Siege of Carlisle was over. He is a
great enemy to Sectaries, so called, and in his charge in Sessions
called them worse than Papists, requiring the Jury to present them,
and they would punish them.
That Complaint being made to Mr. Briscoe against Edward Robin-
son a notorious Delinquent and one who articled against William
Musgrave for delivering Hartlepool to the Pari. For forging a false
verdict against one Wil. Bourbank, and for levying monies upon that
verdict and other forgeries, Mr. Brisco would not pimish nor displace
Robinson for it, but keeps him stil to be Clark of the honour of
Penrith and Inglewood Forrest Courts, Master Briscoe being tearmed
Steward of the same Honours and Courts.
Complaints being made to Mr. Brisco for redress of a wrongful
Amerciament set upon Thomas Cason a tradesman, for selling goods in
Aikton 633
Penrith being no Corporation, and of the said Robinson for taking
Casons Cloath of good vahie from him, would neither give order to
redress the Amerciament, or Robinson to restore Casons Cloth,
tending to the destroying of Casons trade and credit.
John Barwes to him I have little to say, then what is said already,
onely he is known to be no friend to fhem they call Sectaries, and
would destroy us.
Henry Tolson, he hath ever been a Neutral, but known a Cavalier
hath his heart, and is no friend to the Parliament or Armies Friends.
Thomas Cholmley did take the Earl of Newcastle's Oath sent out
Horse and Armes against the Parliament, and was in Armes himself
for the late King for his delinquency and Malignancy deserted the
former Parliament being a Member thereof. At the Lord Protector's
first going into Scotland openly declared, it was against his conscience
to fight against the Scots, and Committed sundry to prison under the
name of Sectaries and preachers.
Thom. Craister a Commissioner for Sequestrations, got most of his
estate by that imployment and being a Captain in Carlisle Garison,
declared it was against his Conscience to fight against the Scots, and
laid down his Commission, raised near ten thousands pound of
Delinquents by way of Fines, for which he never yet accounted for
and without authority of Parliament or the Lord General, Continues
still a professed Enemy to all such as are called Sectaries or
Independents, and imprisoned sundry of them for their judgement.
Thomas Langhorn did take and Subscribe the Earl of Newcastle's
Oath, a great Countenancer of Malignant Ministers, as Master
Baldine of Penrith, who refused to pray for Parliament and Army
while the Scots had an Army on foot ; A petty shopkeeper very unfit
for a Justice of Peace.
John Hudson, against whom I have nothing to object, if others
have they may, but as he tells me he will rather undergo a fine then
take the Oath with others in Commission whom he cannot approve of.
Lancelot Fletcher is a stranger to me, I never knew or heard he
was any wayes active or appeared for the Parliament, but by his
Cavalier friends lived peaceably at home when the Enemy was in
power.
Captain Coulsey, what manner of man he is, I refer to the Articles
against Howard.
Arthur Foster a Delinquent and in Armes both in the first and
second War against the Parliament, arraigned for murther, and sued
out his parson by means of Sir Richard Graham to whose family he
is a retainer.
For the Westmerland Justices I shall be brief, being not my
business, and should have been wholly silent, if the honest and
suffering party there had not been concerned therein.
Edward Briggs, noted for his Malignancy to the Armies friends
634 The Ejected of 1662
and for his life and Conversation I shall forbear to speak, but very
many ways unfit for that imployment, and ignorant of the Laws and
Statutes of this Nation.
Roger Bateman was so disaffected to the change of Government
from Kingly to Pari, as for a long time he refused to be sworn a
Justice, very passionate, and Strafford never more cruelly persecuted
the Puritans than he the Sectaries.
Thomas Burton, a notorious Delinquent, was a Trooper under Sir
Thomas Tildesley, expressing his Malignancy by drinking the King's
health ; the gross Misdemeanors in executing of his office while he
was Justice of the Peace, the many quarrelsome and troublesome
suits his oppressions, and unwarrantable illegal commitments, his
daily frequenting ranting Cavaliers company are all proved before the
Commissioners for Compounding, and much more, for which he was
fined Fifty pounds and disabled to be a Justice of Peace. And
whereas it is said that his father was plundered by Sir Philip
Musgrave, it is known that his father was under Sir Philip
Musgrave's protection and voluntary without Compulsion lent large
suras of money to Sir Philip to carry on the War ; and if there was
a more scandalous and malignant Priest in that Country let me
receive blame and shame.
Francis Sisson, a man of a quiet spirit, but Prelatical and no
friend to the Armies Interest.
Robert Skaife, a m.an no ways qualified for a Justice of Peace.
Sir John Lowther, a compounded Delinquent, a man of able parts,
but known to be of a Kingly Spirit, and his son was in the last
war conceived not without his fathers privity : a Gentleman he is
of great Estate, nearly related to me in Kindred ; but it stimibles all
friends that he shall now be thought fit to be a Justice of Peace in
his countrey, where he is so powerful and known (though his Wisdome
in this time teacheth him moderation) to wait for a change. I am
afraid some of our Worthies are carried away with their Dalilahs
but let them be ware they receive not Sampsons portion I could say
more, but will forbear for the present : Onely I could wish it were
eaiquired into, How John Thwaits, who hath Knowledge to discharge
his duty, not in a condition with power to oppress his countrey ; and
Gervase Benson, who hath been thought fit to be trusted with such
high Commands, and great employments. While there was trouble
and danger, without any complaint should now be laid aside. You
that sit at the Helm will have the loss, and thereby may unawares-
tacitely set up again Charles Stuarts Interest.
[It is signed :]
A true Servant and Wei wisher to his Countrey
6. 3. Mon. 1653. John Musgrave.
Pulchrum est pro Patria mori.
Aikton 635
Musgrave refers to Riclimond's " barbarous usage of one
Halton the Minister of Kurby thure,^ because a Round-
head ; and bow be caried tbe man to York by vertue of bis
Commission of Array, and bow tbe poor man was brougbt
by bim to bis grave, will require a more large discourse."
Sbortly after bis deprivation William Lampit obtained
tbe living of Ulverston wliere tbe Uniformity Act led
to bis Ejection. Botb Calamy and Palmer refer
to bim as "Mr. Lamvet," and Calamy says: — "Anotber
warm and lively Preacber in tbe Same Quarter, beyond
tbe Sands. He liv'd obscurely: and dy'd Ann. 1677." ^
George Fox, wbo so frequently made bis bome at Swartb-
moor in tbe neigbbourbood of Ulverston, saw mucb of
William Lampit, and be appears to bave been particularly
incensed against bim. He speaks of bim as " full of
filtb," a bigb " notionist " witb a " crooked and rougb
nature," "an old deceiver," " a false propbet" ; and mucb
else to tbe same effect. Fox's language about William
Lampit is not to be taken seriously. Tbe trutb is tbat
Lampit was mucb like bis Quaker antagonist, a man of
strong conviction, resolute purpose and extreme view.
In tbe Presentations for 1669 under Colton be appears
along witb Gabriel Camelford wbo bad been ejected from
Staveley. Tbe cbarge against bim is tbat of "expounding
or preacbing in our Cbappell being not Lysenced Minis-
ter." Under Ulverston is tbe following : — " Wm Lampitt
and bis wife — Sectaries." In 1672 be licensed bis bouse
at Ulverston for " Congregational " worsbip. In tbe
Ulverston Registers tbere is only one Lampit entry : it is
tbe marriage probably of a daughter, Mary, to William
Dansonne "botb of Ullverstone " on Feb. 18, 1655. In
tbe Rydal MSS. J.K. to under date June 1, 1672,
appears tbe following : —
They say Lampitt preacht last Sunday att Broughton Tower, and
1. This surely must be Halton of Aikton, and " Kurby thure " must
be a mistake.
2. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 413.
636 The Ejected of 1662
proclaimed there amongst his proselytes the great loss of men wee
had, and the great press att London for more men.'
William Lampit's death took place about 1677. George
Fox abated nothing of his feeling in reference to the man
who proved to be so stout an opponent; but even at his
death he heaped abuse upon him, calling him " an old
deceiver" and " perverter of the right way of the Lord."
" He continued," says he, " in his false accusing of God's
people till a little before he died and then cried for a
little rest. To one of his hearers, that came to visit him
before he died, he said — ' I have been a preacher a long
time and thought I had lived well ; but I did not think it
had been so hard a thing to die." ^
EoLAND NicoLs, M.A., B.D., 1650— 1694 (?).
He was the son of Thomas Nicols of London, and was
educated at St. Paul's School, where he obtained an
exhibition to Queen's College, (Oxford, which he entered
as bateller in the Easter term of 1630. He matriculated
Nov. 4, 1631, aged 17; was exhibitioner 1629-39 ; B. A. Jan.
23, 1633-4; M.A. Nov. 10, 1636; Chaplain of Magd. Coll.
1641-7; and took his B.D. June 17, 1646.^ In the various
Presentations to livings in this neighbourhood during the
Commonwealth period his name appears along with those
of Tullie, Starr, Baldwin and others; but at the Restora-
tion he conformed and received reinstitution Nov. 19,
1660. He became Chancellor of the Diocese in 1667 and
held the position until 1683. His wife was Mary, the
daughter of Thomas Warwick, of Warwick, near Carlisle.*
For some reason Nicolson appears to have had a strong
antipathy to him. His Diaries contain several references
to him and seldom are they friendly. On the occasion of
Judge Jeffreys's visit to Carlisle, Aug. 7, 1684, when he
1. H.M.C., Twelfth Report, Part vii, Appen. p. 94. Broughton Tower
was the residence of Roger Sawrey, a prominent Nonconformi.'st, and the
reference is to the loss sustained in the naval fight with the Dutch.
2. Journal (1765 Edition), p. 495, et paxsivi-
3. Foster's Al. Ox.
4. Hutchinson, vol. i, p. 154.
Aikton 637
was received with 15 guns Xicolson says that the sermon
was preached by " Mr. Xicols " and his description of it
is — "length and stuff intolerable."^ Xicols was for some
time Lecturer at Carlisle, ^ and like most of the Ministers
of that day found himself more than once in conflict with
the Quakers.^ He died in 1694.
EicHAED Threlkeld, B.A., 1694 — 1707.
He matriculated Queen's Coll. April 1, 1664, and
graduated B.A. in 1668. "Perhaps," says Foster, "rector
of Lowther, * Westmorland, 1676, and of Aikton, Cumber-
land, 1695." He was instituted Feb. 14, 1694-5, on a
Presentation by " Johes Lowther Barrtt" ; and the sug-
gestion of a Lowther ministry is correct.'' Bishop ]N^icolson,
who calls him " ye Lazy Parson," writing in 1703, says
that "the present Rector Mr. Threlkeld" had done nothing
in the way of repairing " the Quire" ; also that the "Rec-
tor's Seat in the Quire is very mean ; much below the
Rank of one who holds the Second Liveing of the Diocese
in Value." ^ He died in 1707.
Richard Holme, M.A., 1707 — 1789.
He was instituted April 7, 1707, on a Presentation by
the " Comes Lonsdale." He died in 1739.
1. Trans. (N.S.), vol. i, p. 16.
2. Vide p. 184.
3. Vide Besse's "Sufferings of the Quakers," vol. i, p. 133; and in
particular "The First Publishers of the Truth" for an encounter with
Robt. Withers in 1653, p. 35.
4. Al. Ox.
5. Vide p. 1237.
6. Miscel., pp. 22, 160. In Nicolson's Diaries also are several refer-
ences to him equally unfavourable (Trans. (N. S.), vol. iii.
YI. BEOMFIELD.
This is a very extensive Parish, the village lying some
six miles west of Wigton and about three south of Ahbey
Town or Holm Cultram. The Registers of the Church,
which is dedicated to St. Mungo, begin in 1654, the first
entry being under date Sept. 24 of that year. The
following is a list of Incumbents : —
Nicholas Deane, M.A., 1589—1602.
He matriculated as a pensioner of Peterhouse, Cam-
bridge, Feb. 15, 1579-80, took his B.A. 1583-4, and M.A.
in 1587. His name occurs in a commission for the
suppression of schism in the province of York, Nov. 24,
1599.^ He was appointed to Kirkbride in 1587, but
whether he continued to hold it after receiving the living
of Bromfield on Aug. 28, 1589, is not stated. He resigned
Bromfield in 1602 on being appointed Archdeacon of
Carlisle and Hector of Great Salkeld.^ He died early in
1604.
Peter Beck, M.A., 1602— 1648 (?).
He was collated by Bishop Robinson on June 18, 1602;
and was here at least until 1644, in which year he con-
tributed to the Carlisle garrison. Probably he is the
person referred to as dying in 1648, and thus creating a
vacancy in the living. He was previously at Crosthwaite.^
William Grainger, B.A., 1648-
He was a native of these parts, being the son of Francis
Grainger of Sowterfield. He matriculated in Queen's
Coll. Oct. 10, 1634, aged 17, and took his B.A. Nov. 29,
1637. Foster adds the following to the foregoing: —
" Vicar of Bromfield, Westmorland [Cumberland] until
1. Ath. Cant., vol. ii, p. 368
2. Vide pp. 359, 596, 1123
3. Vide p. 648.
Bromfield 639
ejected, 1662, for nonconformity." ^ His application for
a testimonial as to his fitness and character for the sacred
office of the ministry brought forth the following : —
To the right Honorble the Lords in Parliamt assembled
The humble certificate of the Comittee of the Countie of Cumberland
Humbly Sheweth.
That whereas the bearer heareof Mr. William Granger hath
addressed himselfe to us desireing of a Testimoniell of his Guifts and
abilities and also of his carriage and Conversacooi, wee whose names
are underwritten, thinking it fitt to satisfie his reasonable request
hearin doe humbly certifie unto yor honnrs and all others whom it
may Concerne That he the said Mr. Granger is of knowne abilities
and sufficiencie, of good deportment and Conversacon, that he is and
hath beene Orthodox in his doctrine, exemplarie in his life, painefuU
and industrious in his Ministerie, since his residence heare amongst us
where he was borne, and in all thinges well qualified as is agreeable
to that divine function. All wch is referred to yor Honnors
by yor Humble Servants
Octob. 27th
1648. Jo Barwis vie' Cumbr
Henry Tolson, Thos Lan^iplugh
Mich Studholme.
Wilfrid Lawson.^
His appointment to Bromfield is notified thus : —
Nov. 25, 1648. Ordered That Dr. Bennett give Institution and
Induction unto Wm. Granger, Clerk, to the vicarage of Bromfield in
the Com. Cumberl. void by death. Salvo jure cujuscunque, Henry
Thompson Patron.'
William Lampit's description of William" Grainger, in
1650, is not flattering. " Mr. Grainger," says he, " minister
at Brumfield who is often drunk, an apparent Malignant,
A Cavalerish Priest even to this day." * It may, however,
be necessary to discount somewhat these statements.
Nicolson and Burn, after Peter Beck's appointment in
1602, proceed to say : —
1. Al. Ox.
2. House of Lords' Library; also H.M.C., Seventh Eeport, Part i,
p. 65.
3. L.J., vol. X, p. 607.
4. Vide p. 624.
640 The Ejected of 1662
During the usurpation of Oliver Cromwell, William Gramger, vicar
of Bromfield, was ejected, and his successor seems to iave been
deprived aft«r the Restoration by the Bartholomew Act.'
Probably this is based upon "Walker's statement: —
Grainger William, Bromphield. His Family, I find, were at length
reduced to great Necessities, and some of them Petitioned for the
Charity of the Corporation for Ministers' Widows, which is all that
I know more of him.*
The case of William Grainger is far from being clear.
Calamy does not name him in his list of Ejected Ministers,
and Palmer merely quotes the passage from Nicolson and
Burn already cited. Poster has evidently blundered in
stating that William Grainger was ejected in 1662,
quoting Calamy as his authority. Doubtless he means
Palmer's Edition of Calamy; and even there the evidence
is not favourable to an Ejection by the Uniformity Act.
Yet it has to be remembered that William Grainger was
a Commonwealth appointment; and the Parish Registers
give no indication of any Minister between himself and
Richard Garth, who took the vacant living in 1663. The
Grainger entries are numerous, and one seems to point to
the presence of William Grainger at Bromfield as late as
the early part of 1663. It reads thus: —
1662-3 ffeb. 24. Robert of Mr. William Grainger of Bromfield
[Bapt.].
There is no further reference to him in the Registers, and
it is not certain that he is intended in the one just cited.
Certainly there is not sufficient evidence to say definitely
whether he is to be placed among the Sequestered Ministers
of the Commonwealth or theEjectedof theUnifonnity Act.
It would, however, appear that there was some displacement
at this time, and that either he, or some other whose name
has not been preserved, must be put into the latter list.
The Graingers continued to be prominent among the
parishioners of Bromfield. The Episcopal Register at
Carlisle, under date July 6, 1682, gives the name of Thomas
1. Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, p. 170.
2. Walker, Pt. ii, p. 249.
Bromf ield 64 1
Grainger of Bromfield, and refers to him as joining the
Minister there, who would be John Child, in petitioning
"for the erection of a pew for Roger Briscoe & family near
the pulpit."
Richard Gakth, M.A., 1663 — 1673.
He was appointed to Dalston in 1661 ; ^ and received
Institution to Bromfield May 8, 1663, on a Presentation
by the King. In this year he compounded for his First
Fruits. His burial is thus recorded in the Registers: —
1673 May 7. Mr. Kichard Garth minister of Bromfield.
Within the Communion on a stone slab is the following
epitaph : —
Bromfield's pastor's here intombed,
Richard Garth so was he nam'd.
God's word to's flock he did declare
Twice a day, and would not spare.
T' instruct the youth, help the needy,
Visit the sick, alwayes ready.
To end Debate amongst his Neighbours,
Now he rests from all his Labours.
Rebellious Spirits he alwayes did hate,
Obedient to the Church, true to the State.
Now it'h Heaven's Quire he sings
Ain Anthem to the King of Kings. 1673.
William Sill, M.A., 1673—1681.
His collation to Bromfield was on Oct. 21, 1673, and he
would seem to have held Torpenhow as well.^ He com-
pounded for his First Fruits in 1673, and resigned in
1681. • •
John Child, M.A., B.D., 1681—1692.
He was collated May 18, 1681, and was a Pluralist,
holding the Penrith living at the same time. Near the
Garth monument is a brass containing the following
epitaph, which was found in John Child's pocket after his
death ; and is supposed to have been composed by himself.
The reference to the " Papistas " and " Sectarios " is
1. Vide p. 246.
2. Vide pp. 355, 582.
A P
642 The Ejected of 1662
significant : for both at Penrith and Bromfield the Secta-
ries appear to have been of considerable strength : —
Depositum Johannis Child Vic.
__ hujus Ecclesiae S.T.B. Cultus pri-
mitivi (contra Papistas et Sectarios)
Assertoris Seduli; qui neglectus vixit
• ac laetus obijt in TrXrjpocfiopia beatae
Resurrectionis. Tu vero Viator mor
-tem meditari, et ultimum judicium
expectare, cures.
John Procter, M.A., 1692.
He was collated June 13, 1692. Writing in 1703,
Bishop Nicolson refers to him as " the present worthy
vicar." ^ A person of this name was at Harrington.^
Joseph Eothery, M.A., 1714 — 1718.
He was the son of Edward Rothery, Bankend, Cumber-
land; graduated M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, in 1714;
and was Bishop Nicolson's nephew. He was collated to
Bromfield March 24, 1714-5, and resigned March 22,
1717-18, following his uncle to Ireland.^
1. Miscel., p. 28.
2. Vide p. 797.
3. Al. Ox. Also Nicolson's Diaries.
VII. ASPATEIA.
This is an important town aboiit midway between Wigton
and Maryport, wliicli in older documents appears as "Aspa-
trick" and " Cospatrick." Tlie Churcli is dedicated to St.
Kentigern, and the Registers begin in 1660. The follow-
ing is a list of Incumbents : —
Lancelot Dawson, 1578 — 1610.
He died in 1610.
William Orbell, M.A., 1610—1617.
He was ordained Deacon Dec. 23, 1608, Priest Sept.,
1610, and collated Aug. 8, 1610. He removed to Bowness
in 1617.1
Matthew Braddell, 1617 — 1639.
He was collated by Bishop Snowden Feb. 16, 1617, and
died in 1639. A person of this name was at Crosby
Eavensworth in 1617.^
Thomas Warwick, 1639.
Probably previously at Beaumont.^ He was collated
by Bishop Potter Feb. 19, 1639, and compounded for his
First Fruits in 1640. The reader is referred to the
accounts of Brampton, Bowness, &c., for additional infor-
tion about the Warwick family.* How long Thomas
Warwick remained here we do not know. The next
appointment given by Nicolson and Bum was in 1661.^
That Thomas Warwick was here, however, in 1648 is
made clear by the following : —
Aspatrick. Martij 1, 1647.
Whereas this Cotee have the 17th of March Xo46 grted 30li a years
1. Vide p. 601.
2. Vide p. 1197.
3. Vide p. 220.
4. Vide pp. 250, &c.
5. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 157.
644 T^^ Ejected of 1662
out of the Rents & Profitts of the Impropriate Rectorie of Aspatrick
in the Countie of Cumberland reserved & payable to the Bpp of
Carlile to & for increase of the maintenance of such Minister as this
Cotee should approve off to officiate the Cure of the Pish Church
of Aspatrick aforesaid the Vicarage whereof is not worth 25li p Anno
It is ordered that the sd 30li a years be paid to Thomas Warwick a
godlie & orthodox devine the pnte minister of the sd Church for an
increase of his maintennce And the Tennts of the pmisses are required
to paie the same unto him accordinglie at such tymes & seasons of
the yeare as the sd Rents & Profitts shall grow due & payable
togeather wth the arreares thereof payable from the sd 8th dale of
March 1646.'
In 1658 the Chancel was in sore need of repair as the
following intimates : —
Aspatricke ffebruary 10, 1658.
These Trustees being informed that the Chauncell of the pish
Church of Aspatricke wthin the County of Cumberland is in much
decay & it being prayed on behalfe of ye pshionrs there yt some
speedy remedy therein might bee afforded by these Trustees to whom
it belongeth to cause the same to bee repaired as is alleadged Ordered
yt Mr. Edmund Branthwate Recr. view ye sd Chauncell and inquire
what sume the repairs thereof will amount unto & thereof verify the
sd Trustees by the three and Twentieth day of March next."
Members of the Warwick family appear to have remained
about for years, and Warwick Hall is close by, though in
the neighbouring Parish of Plumbland. The following
are from the Registers : —
1664 Sepult. Nov. 6 Isabella Warwick de Aspatrick vidua.
1665 May 31. Matrim. iunct. Johnes Warwick et Isabella
Osmotherly.
1667 Sep. 11. Sepult. Isabella Warwick de Aspatrick.
Francis Palmer, M.A., 1661—1686.
He was collated by Bishop Sterne Oct. 9, 1661, and had
previously been at Castle Sowerby. ^ In that year he
compounded for his First Fruits ; and in 1666 a person of
this name compounded similarly for Wikehamon in
Northants. What happened to Francis Palmer after he
1. Bodl. MS., 325.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 980.
3. Vide p. 493.
Aspatria 645
left Castle Sowerby? Did he displace any one at
Aspatria? These are questions to which no answer has
been found. The marriage of Francis Palmer with
Elizabeth Mitchell on Sept. 3, 1678, is recorded in the
Registers; but if this was the Yicar it was a late marriage.
The Cockermouth Church Book under date Jan. 26,
1671-2, referring to Gawin Eaglesfield's miscarriage says
that it was " committed at Gilcrux in ye psence of one
Mr. Dykes, a gentleman, and one Palmer a pfane Minister,
& one Brownrigg, all Scoffing enemies to the wayes of
God." Possibly this may have been the Aspatria Ticar.
On the other hand a high character is given to him by
the Croglin people who petitioned for him to be their
Minister.^ The Registers also contain the following
striking eulogy, by whom composed does not appear : —
1686 :
Hoc Anno occubuit vere
plus & admodum Doctus
Ecclesiae & Coronae Anglicanae
religiose firmus et constans
Vigilantissimus : ille Pastor
Aspatriensis Vicarius
Ffranciscus Palmer A.M.
Esse, fuisse fore tria florida
sunt sine flore. Omne
simul perijt quod ftiit
est & erit. Quod fuit
est & erit perijt spatio
brevis horae Ergo parum
refert esse fuisse fore.
Richard Holme, M.A., 1686—1695.
He was ordained Deacon March 7, 1676-7, collated
Sept. 4, 1686, and removed to Lowther in 1695. ^
George Fleming, M.A., 1695—1703.
He was collated on March 26, 1695, and removed to
Stanwix, subsequently becoming Bishop of Carlisle.^
1. Vide p. 407.
2. Vide p. 1238.
3. Vide pp. 198, 382, &c.
646 The Ejected of 1662
Robert Hume, M.A., 1703—1706.
He was collated Oct. 16, 1703, having been previously
at Lazonby. ^ He died in 1706. Bishop Nicolson sug-
gests that Robert Hume had a considerable family, while
his two predecessors. Holme and Fleming, in 1703, were
still " unmarry'd persons." ^ In his Diary under date
Aug. 7, 1704, IS^icolson says that Hume could "get no Right
of his new parishioners at Aspatrick." ^
David Bell, M.A., 1706—1729.
He was collated Dec. 7, 1706. He held livings at
Kirklinton and Askham ;4 and was brother in law to
Robert Hume. Nicolson says that he wanted to hold
Kirklinton along with Aspatria ; but he enters in his
Diary — Aug. 20, 1706 — " I^oe." ^ He, however, added
Great Orton to Aspatria in 1710, and died possessed of
both livings. The Great Orton Registers give ' the
following : —
The Reverend Mr. Bell Rector of Orton and Vicar of Aspatria was
buried January ye 12th 1729.
1. Vide p. 326.
2. Miscel., p. 102.
3. Trans. (N.S.), vol. ii, p. 202.
4. Vide pp. 233, 313, 1221.
5. Trans. (N.S.), vol. iii, p. 53.
VII. THE KESWICK GROUP.
I. CROSTHWAITE.
In the 17th Century the Parish of '" Orosthwat,'' as it
appears in older documents, was one of the most extensive
in the County. It had five Chapels of Ease, viz: — St.
John's, distant about three miles south east of the mother
Church; Wythburn, about six miles in the same direction;
Borrowdale, some six miles to the south ; Newlands, about
four south west; and Thornthwaite, about six miles north
west. The mother Church is about half a mile out of the
town of Keswick. It is dedicated to St. Kentigern; and
its Registers begin in 1566. Concerned as they are with
such an enormous area they are exceedingly full. Four
bulky volumes represent our period : —
1. Baptisms from October 20, 1566, to October 2, 1614.
Marriages from Oct. 27, 1566, to Oct. 9, 1614.
Burials from Oct. 23, 1566, to Oct. 3, 1614.
A long, dumpy volume of parchment, well bound, and enclosed in
leather clasps, beautifully written and quite distinct.
2. Baptisms, Oct. 9, 1614 to Jan. 1628/9.
Marriages Oct. 9_, 1614, to Nov. 8, 1628.
Burials, Oct. 9, 1614, to Dec. 27, 1628.
Flat volume, also of parchment, in neat, minute, and often
flourishing hand.
3. Baptisms, Jan. 6, 1628/9, to June 1, 1673.
Marriages, Feb. 16, 1628/9, to Nov. 17, 1675.
Burials, Feb. 11, 1629/30, to April 26, 1688.
4. Baptisms, July 20, 1673, to Aug. 12, 1740.
Marriages, April 29, 1676, to July 28, 1740.
Burials, July 15, 1688, to Sept. 19, 1T40.
There are no baptisms for 1658 — 1664; no marriages for
1658—1669 ; and no burials for 1658—1668.
648 The Ejected of 1662
The following is the list of Incumbents : —
Peter Mayson, 1585—1592.
Egbert Beck, 1592—1597.
There was a Robert Beck, who appeals as surety for
widow Walkwood of Hutton-in-the-Forest.^ A person of
this name was at Brampton in 1579 and Kirklinton in
1576.2
Peter Beck, M.A., 1597—1602.
"In 1568," says Mr. J. Fisher, Crosthwaite, "Christopher
Beck, Duchman, married Esaybell Bewley Englishwoman.
In 1571, February 15, Sir Robert Beck, of Keswick,
married Janet Fawsett, servant, at Isle." The prefix "Sir"
was probably given to him as Clergyman. In 1579 "Mayster
Peter Beck" was appointed Yicar, " having by this time
succeeded to his Master's degree." ^ Whether Peter Beck
was related to Christopher Beck is not stated ; nor is it said
whether he also was of Dutch descent. He appears at
Bromfield after leaving Crosthwaite. Probably he was a
relation of Robert Beck.
Giles Robinson, M.A., D.D., 1602—1623.
He was instituted Sept. 3, 1602, being brother to Dr.
Robinson, Bishop of Carlisle, at the time. Like him he
received his University training at Queen's College,
Oxford. He is described as " of Cumberland, pleb." ;
matriculated June 14, 1582, at the age of 16; graduated
B.A. Dec. 8, 1586; became Fellow in 1588; M.A. June 9,
1589 ; B.D. Dec. 7, 1596 ; and D.D. July 6, 1599. ^ He was
Rector of Great Salkeld in 1599,^ and Archdeacon of
Carlisle in 1600. He died in 1623, and the following
under " Burials " appears in the Registers : —
November 22. D. Egidius Robinson Sacrae Theologicae Doctor &
Professor Vicarius Eccliae Parochialis de Crosthwaite vir perhunia-
1. Vide p. 489.
2. Vide pp. 249, 307.
3. Trans. (O.S.) for 1874, p. 230.
4. Al. Ox.
5. Vide p. 359.
Crosthwaite 649
nus Uteris & linquis tarn sacris quam profanis inter peritos (si quis
alius) peritissimus inter suarum lachrymas at desideria vicessimo die
Novembris obijt feliciter sepultus vicessimo secundo.
Isaac Singleton, M.A., 1623—1643.
He was instituted Feb. 12, 1623/4. The following
particulars are given by Foster, which, if correct, show
that he must have been a Pluralist to a very high degree :
"Of London gent. Brasenose Coll. matric. 14 Oct., 1597,
aged 14; B.A. 4 Dec, 1600; M.A. from All Souls' Coll.
1 May, 1604; rector of Whitchurch, Oxon., 1610; Canon
of St. Paul's 1614; archdeacon of Brecon 1620-44; rector
of Blethvaugh, co. Radnor, 1620; chancellor 1622, and
archdeacon of Carlisle 1623 ; rector of Great Salkeld 1623 ;
and vicar of Crosthwaite, Cumberland, 1624; prebendary
in collegiate church of Abergwilly in Brecon 1624." ^
Isaac Singleton's wife was Chrysogen, the elder of the two
daughters of Richard Milburn, Bishop of Carlisle, at this
time. Bishop Nicolson was accustomed to speak of Sin-
gleton as " boon Mr. Singleton," because he " observed
and brought up," a custom at Great Salkeld, which the
latter thought better honoured in the breach than in its
observance ; because it called upon ''the rector to pay to every
parishioner that payeth a Stone of wool in Tith, sixpence
in ale." Bishop Nicolson adds that he himself " never
yielded to this." 2 Neither Mr. Loftie nor Jefferson takes
any notice of Isaac Singleton's connection with Cros-
thwaite ; both indeed say that he died and was buried at
Great Salkeld. "Archdeacon Singleton," writes Mr.
Loftie, " died after November 3rd, 1643, and it is said he
was buried at Great Salkeld. That is, no doubt, according
to the custom at that time, in the chancel of the church,
but there is no monument to his memory. We may feel
sure that he, at least, lived and died in the Rectory, which
must have been built before this time to accommodate the
curate, when the rector was non-resident, as the tower of
the church, if even it had formed the residence of the
1. Al. Ox.
2. Great Salkeld, &c., by A. G. Loftie, p. 57.
650 The Ejected of 1662
rector, would be found quite unsuitable for a married
clergyman and his family." ^ The Crosthwaite Registers
show this to be incorrect, his burial having taken place
there : —
1643 December 16 Mr. Isaak Singleton vicar of the pish of Cros-
thwate Quier.
Walker corroborates Foster's statement as to Singleton's
Pluralism, and under " Brecknock," whose Archdeaconry
and Canonry he held, says : " He lived long enough to
suffer in this Archdeaconry, though he died soon after the
Rebellion broke out, and made way for a second Person
to Suffer here." ^ It is not easy to see where the suffering
would come in at so early a date, and in view of the
numerous benefices which he appears to have held until
his death. For his son, Richard Singleton, the reader is
referred to Melmerby.^ Nicolson and Burn present a
hiatus after Singleton until 1661, which happily may be
filled in from other sources.
John Winter, M.A., 1643/4.
At the beginning of No. 3 Register Book appears the
following : —
Feby 27, 1643 John Winter Clearke (Queens Colledge) Inducted by
Lancelot Dawes Doctor in Divinity.
Witnesses
flrancis Hechstetter
Percivall Radcliffe, Gierke
William Langbaine
Nichol. Smyth.
Foster informs us that he was " of Westmorland pleb.,"
educated at Queen's College, Oxford, where he matricu-
lated Nov. 10, 1621, being 19 years of age, and took his
B.A. July 21, 1625, becoming Rector of Clifton in 1634.*
The Westmorland Certificate of 1646 speaks of him as
" minister of Clifton, one who formly complyed wth the
1. Great Salkeld, &c., p. 58.
2. Walker, Pt. ii, pp. 10, 16, 50.
3. Vide p. 384.
4. Al. Ox ; also vide p. 1240.
Crosthwaite 65 1
Enemy, but since taken ye Covent." 1 Evidently he was
a Pluralist; but he was gone from Crosthwaite before
1646, when the name of his successor appears. It has
already been shown that under the new regime Pluralism
was vigorously attacked, and that may have been the
reason for his relinquishment of the Crosthwaite living.
Among the Clergy contributing to the Carlisle garrison
in 1644 appears " Mr. Langbaine for Keswick " ;- and
Foster suggests that in this year Gerard Langbaine was
Yicar here. The following are the particulars given by
him : —
Langbaine Gerard, M.A. provost (of Queen's) 11 March, 1645-6 ;
S. William of Barton Kirk, Westmorland, Queen's, Matric. 21 Nov..
1628, aged 19, as of Westmorland pleb. ; B.A. 24 July, 1630, fellow
1633, M.A. 27 June, 1633, created D.D. 22 June 1646, Keeper of the
archives 1644 (and (?) Vicar of Crosthwaite, Cumberland, 1644) until
his death 10 Feb., 1657-8, Will at Oxford, dated 19 Aug., 1647.3
There is little opening for Gerard Langbaine in the
Incumbent list, but the name is inserted for further
enquiry.
William Meoles, 1646—1653.
He was already here in IB46 as the following from the
Cockermouth Registers makes clear : —
1646 Bartram ye Sonne of Mr. meoles vicar of Crossthwaite was
baptized here octob. 25th.
His first appearance in the Crosthwaite Registers is some
three years later. The following entries relate to him : —
Baptisms : 1649 June 24. Joseph INIeoles son of Mr. Willm vicar
of Crostwt. & Julian his wife.
Burials. 1649/50 March 21. Joseph :Meoles Infant of Ur. Meoles
vicar of this pish, Quire.
1651 Henry Meoles son of Mr. Willm Meoles of Vicaridge &
Julian his wife.
Burial. Maii 11, 1652, Henrie Meoles Infant of Mr. Willm Meoles
of this pish Quire.
8 Maij 1653 Mr. William Meoles Minister of this pish buried in
ye quire.
1. Vide p. 111.
2. Vide p. 134.
3. Oxford Men and their Colleges, p. 167 ; vide also Al. Ox. Several
of his letters appear in "The Flemings in Oxford." (Magrath.)
652 The Ejected of 1662
Percival Hadcliffe, 1654 — .
Foster mentions a person of this name as graduating
B.A. from IS^ew Inn Hall, Oxford, July 4, 1626, in refer-
ence to whom he says : — " Perhaps served the cure of St.
Bees, Cumberland, 1647 " ; while " another was vicar of
Boughton-under-Blean, Kent, 1663." ^ The Padcliffes or
Eatcliffes were a Keswick family and connected with the
Eadcliffes of Derwentwater. John Ratcliff, an early In-
cumbent of Crosthwaite, died in 1567. The Registers
contain the following : —
Baptisms : 1605 Mar. 16, parcevell Radcliffe Sone of Anthony and
Kateren his wyfe.
1610 Feby. 9. parsivell Radcliffe Sone of Jaymes Radcliffe of
Keswick and Allis Wyfe.
Marriage. Mr. Parcivell Radcliffe of Keswicke and Mrs. Katherin
Tyler of same the 23rd of October 1636.
Their children were " Tymothie," " Samuell " and
" Anthony." Percival Radcliffe also married Elizabeth
Heckstetter in 1653. Possibly the Percival Radcliffe
whose marriage is referred to in these two extracts was
the same individual; and may have been the one who was
baptized in 1605. Possibly also he is to be identified with
the " Clerk " of that name who witnesses the Induction of
John Winter in 1643-4. The conjecture is hazarded that
at this time he was serving as Curate because of the
Pluralism of Winter. In June, 1647, however, he was
referred to the Assembly of Divines for the Cure of St.
Bees. It is interesting to note that Francis Radcliffe, a
member of the Keswick family, was Master of the St. Bees
Grammar School at this time. The appointment of
Percival Radcliffe to Crosthwaite in 1654 is given in the
following terms : —
Crostwhaite
Perceval! Radcliffe
pres. 23 Sept. 1654 Know all &c. the fourth day of
October in the yeare 1654 There was
Per. Radcliffe Cert as exhibited to the Comrs &c A psenta-
aforesaid by tion of percevall Radcliffe Gierke to
1. Al. Ox.
Crosthwaite 653
the vicarage of Crostwhaite in the
Rogr Baldwin of Penreth County of Cumberland Made to him
Sim. Atkinson of Mellmerby by his Highnesse Oliver Lord Pro-
Jam. Cave tector of ye Commonwealth of Engd.
Edw. Winter &c the patron thereof under his Seale
Wm. Briscoe Manuall To<,'ether &c said percivall
John Woods Radcliffe &c. approved the said perci-
James Palmer vail Radcliffe &c doe admitt the said
percivall Radcliffe &c to the vicarage
of Crostwhaite aforesaid &c Incum-
bent thereof And doe hereby signify
to all persons concerned therein that hee is hereby intituled to ye
profitts & perquisitts and all Rights and dues incident and belonging
to ye said Vicarage as fully &c Realme. In witnes whereof they
have caused this Approbation to be entred & signed by the Regester
thereunto appointed. Dated at Whitehall the 4th day of October
1654.^
In the Registers also appears a note of his Induction,
which unfortunately in parts is illegible. It is as
follows : —
1654. By vertue of authority undr hands from Commissionrs for
ye placing preachrs of the word of God, appointed by Oliver Lord
Protector of the Commonwealth of England Scotland and Ireland
. . . cording to ye tenor of ye said authority . . . under Seale unto
Percevall Radcliffe, Clerk to take . . . ion of ye pish Church of
Crosthwaite .... Cumberland and was inducted into .... ac-
cordingly the second of Novembr 1654.
Witness hereof
John Hayes Clerke
Robert Rickerby
Gawen Bowe
John Birkitt
William Bowe.
It is unfortunate that the Registers fail us again at the
critical point, because there is much in relation to Percival
Radcliffe which requires explanation. In a brief history
of Crosthwaite Church by Henry Manders in 1853, the
author appears to suggest that his death occurred about
1658 or shortly afterwards. " From 1658 to 1669," says
he, "the Registers are defective so ... . that on the decease
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min), 997.
654
The Ejected of 1662
of Mr. Radcliffe the , Oliverian appointee, whicli probably
took place in tbat interval bis interment is not recorded."
Walker includes bim among bis " Suffering Clergy," and
says : — " Some of bis Family were after bis deatb reduced
to sucb Necessities tbat tbey were forced to Sue for tbe
Publick Cbarity of tbe Corporation for Ministers Widows
wbicb tbey received." ^ It is almost certain tbat tbere is
some mistake bere. As previously intimated E-adcliffe's
appointment was a Commonwealth one, certified by
Ministers wbo were ejected at tbe Restoration, and, unless
be suddenly developed a great change of attitude towards
tbe reigning powers, it is not likely tbat be suffered
Sequestration. Tbe Registers witness to no change up to
1658 and after tbat a Sequestration would be somewhat
improbable. Tbe Embleton Registers give tbe following :
Robertus Jackson de Loughrigg in Comitatu Westmerlandiae et
Janeta Rothery filia Johannis Rothery de beckton in Embleton in
Comit. Cumbriae nupt. fuere decimo tertio die Julij Milessimo
Sexcentissimo Sexagessimo primo
p Par Radcliffe
vie. de
The writing at this point in tbe Registers is extremely
minute and cramped, besides being quite faded in places.
Tbe date is interesting but unfortunately tbe place name
cannot be deciphered, and whether Percival Radcliffe
was still at Crosthwaite cannot be ascertained. It is
clear, however, tbat be was still living and somewhere in
the neighbourhood. John Studdert in bis Petition says,
tbat the last Incumbent " Radcliffe " bad resigned. Tbe
reason is not given, and unfortunately all trace of bim
from this point is lost. Are we to identify bim with tbe
person in Kent to whom Foster refers as in charge of a
living tbere in 1663 ? ^
John Studdert, M.A., 1660—1661.
This is quite a new name, and bis Petitions bere ap-
pended are particularly interesting. Foster gives John
1. Walker, Pt. ii, p. 340.
2. Al. Ox.
Crosthwaite 655
Studdert son of *' Hugh, of Braythwayte, Cumberland,
pleb.," * as matriculating Queen's College, Oxford, Nov.
9, 1632, at the age of 16 years. Whether this was the
Crosthwaite Studdert, or a connection does not appear.
The following are the Petitions : —
1660
Aug. 6.
To the King's Most Excellent Majesty &c.
The humble peticon of John Studdert Mr. in Arts & psent Incum-
bent of the Viccaridge of Crosthwaite in the County of Cumberland
Humbly Sheweth
That whereas the said Viccaridge is duely vested in yor petr by
the resignation of Mr. Eadcliffe the last incumbent but in regard
of the vacancy of the See of Carlisle to whose jurisdiction the title
of the said Viccaridge belongeth yor petr Cannot without yor Majes-
ties Gratious Grant of Confermation peaceably enjoy the Same :
And forasmuch as the Parishioners of the same parish as alsoe many
other psons of Worth and approved Loyalty to your Sacred Majestie
have Given testimonial! of yor Petrs Capacity to enjoy the Same :
Yor Petr therefore Most Humbly prays Yor Majestyes Most Gra-
tious Warrant for a psentacon to the said Viccaridge unto yor Petr
for the better Corroboratinge his title
And yor petr as in duty bound
shall ever pray &c.
At the Court at Whitehall the 6th Aug. 1660.
His Maty is Gratiously pleased to referre this Petition unto the
Consideration of Dr. Sheldon, Dr. Eales & Dr. Morley to certify
their opinions of his abilitye & capacity of the person & what may be
fit to be don therein
Edw. Nicholas.
I am assured by Persons of credit that this Petitioner is very capable
of his Maties favour in this particular.
Gilb. Sheldon.
Geor. Morley. 2
1660
Aug. To
the Kings Most excellent Majesty : The humble petition of John
Studdert Mr of Arts.
Sheweth
Forasmuch as the said John Studdert was presented unto the
vicarige of Crosthwait in the County of Cumberland by your
1. Al. Ox.
2. S.P. Dom. Car. ii, vol. x, No. 59.
656
The Ejected of 1662
Majesty's letters patent bearing date the fiffteenth of August 1660 ;
who accordingly was legally collated in the aforesaid living ; And
whereas ther is another John Studdert in the aforesaid County, who
may make use of the said presentation to the endamagmt of the
title of Your petitioner ^lay it therefore pleas your Sacred [omitted
Majestie] that a new presentation may bee Graunted unto your
petitioner, under the denomination of John Studdert Senior; And so
the intent of Yor Majesty's fomier psentation imto the forementioned
John Studdert may not be frustrated ; nor your petitioner deprived
of the benefitt of your Gratious bounty ; And your petitioner (as in
Duty bound) shall ever pray &c. i
1661
May{?)
To the King's most Excellent Majesty ;
The humble petition of John Studdert
Master of Arts
May it please your Majesty
Whereas yor Majty
was pleased to present yor petitioner unto the Vicarige of Crosthwait
in Cumberland in September 1660 ; Who accordingly in October
following, was instituted, inducted into and possessed of the same ;
But by the Mistake of his Sollicitor was Stiled Mr. of Arts, and
under that title was presented to the aforesaid Living, which hee
then was not, but now is ; And least the said Misnomy should preju-
dice the title of the said John Studdert as his Counsell learned in
the lawes of this Eealm Conceive it may
These are therefore humbly to request your Sacred Majesty that
you would pleas to grant unto the said John Studdert a new presen-
tation ad Corroborandum titulum ; that so your Majesty's intent in
presenting your said petitioner unto the aforesaid Vicarige may not
bee frustrated nor your petitioner deprived of the benefitt of your
gratious bounty : and your petitioner (as in duty bound) shall ever
pray &c. 2
John studdert does not appear to have been successful
in his Petitions; for, in 166.1, Henry Marshall was
appointed to the vacant charge. He seems to have been
unsuccessful in other directions, though he was not lack-
ing in pushfulness, and an attempt to secure for him the
living at Dean similarly failed.^
1. S.P. Dom., Car. ii, vol. 12, No. 80.
2. Ibid., vol. 36, No. 48.
3. Vide p. 763.
Crosthwaite 657
It is doubtful, indeed, if lie was ever properly appointed
to Crosthwaite, though it is necessary to include his name.
The Institution Books give him as instituted Oct. 18, 1661^
on the King's Presentation. On July 14, 1664, the Deposi-
tions were taken at Keswick of a person of this name
suspected of " complicity in the late plot." ^ This was
the Kaber Rigg plot, but there is nothing to show that he
was a Minister.
Henry Marshall, M.A., 1661 — 1667.
The Institution Books are quite a puzzle in relation to
him. They give him as instituted April 14, 1661, on a
Presentation by the King; and again as being collated
by Bishop Sterne, on Sept. 21, 1661. William Sewel has
a confused account of him, assigning him to Crosthwaite
in Westmorland. He says that " Henry Marshall priest
at Crosthwaite in Westmorland, who being also a preben-
dary, and having several Benefices yet how great soever
his Revenues were, kept poor People of that Perswasion in
Prison for not paying Tithes to him ; and once he said
very presumptuously from the Pulpit, That not one
Quaker should be left alive in England. But this
Temerity he did not outlive long : for as he was going
half dressed to his chamber to bed, he fell down Stairs, as
was concluded from the Circumstances; for he was found
lying on the Floor, with his skull broken, wrestling with
death, without being able to speak one Word ; and being
taken up he died, leaving his Wife and Children in such
a Condition, that by reason of Debts they fell into
Poverty." "^ Jefferson says that he was murdered. This
was at Stanwix,^ which he seems to have held along with
Crosthwaite.
Richard Lowry, M.A., 1667 — 1710.
He was collated on June 4, 1667, on the death of Henry
Marshall. He had previously been at Wetheral for a short
time.* In 1667 he compounded for his First Fruits; and
1. Fleming MSS., H.M.C., Twelfth Eeport, p. 33.
2. Hist, of the Quakers, p. 469 (Ed. 1722).
3. Vide p. 195.
4. Vide p. 213.
658 The Ejected of 1662
died in 1710. Besse includes him among the list of
" Priests " who caused the imprisonment of some of the
Quakers in 1682. ^
Bishop Nicolson refers to a Mr. Clark who was Lowry's
Curate in Sept., 1702, and speaks of him as still here
on July 29, 1707, when he desired the Curacy of
Bassenthwaite.2 Could this be the person referred to in
Jackson's list of St. Bees Scholars?^
In connectioH with Crosthwaite appears a name of
considerable interest. Robert Eickerby was one of the
witnesses to the Induction of Percival Radcliffe in 1654.
He was the Schoolmaster at Crosthwaite, and the following
relate to him : —
Crosthwaite. Nov. 21, 1655.
Whereas the Comrs for ppagacon of ye Gospell in ye 4 Northerne
Counties have by thier order of ye 4th of March 1652 Graunted ye
yearely Sume of Ten poundes out of the pfitts of the Eectory of
Penreth in the County of Cumberland And the further Sume of ffive
poundes a yeare payable out of the viccarage of Crosthwaite to ye
Bpp of Carlisle for the Tenthes of ye said Viccarage in the County
aforesaid for increase of the Maintennce of ye SchooUmr of Cros-
thwaite aforesd & to his Successors his pret Maintennce being but
Ten poundes a yeare. It is ordered that the same be Graunted &
from time to time Continued & paid to Mr. Robt Rickerby pret
Schoolemr of the said Schoole for such time as he shall descharge
the duty of Schoolemr there or untill further Ordr of the said
Trustees And Mr. Edmund Branthwaite Receiver is hereby appointed
to pay the same unto him accordingly.
Jo. Thorowgood Ra. Hall, Ri. Sydenham Edw. Cressett. Jo.
Pocock.4
Nov. 22, 1655.
Crossthwaite. Mr. Ricerby Confirme the Augmentacon to ye
Schoole there. 5
It is almost certain that this was the Sequestered Vicar of
Cockermouth ; and the reader is recommended to turn to
the account of that place for the evidence. ^
1. Sufferings of the Quakers, vol. i, p. 133.
2. Miscel., p. 96; Trans. (N.S.), vol. iv, p. 6.
3. The Grammar School of St. Bees, p. 73.
4. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 972.
5. Ibid., 1021.
6. Vide p. 683.
II. THOENTHWAITE, &c.
This is one of the five Chapelries connected with the
Crosthwaite Parish Church referred to in the previous
section. No attempt is made to give a list of those who
served these Chapelries : for it were vain to do so. The
materials are not to hand for such a task. An occasional
name appears in the Crosthwaite Hegisters like that of
" Xofer Scott curate at Newlands Chappell " who was
buried " in Ecclia " on Oct. 11, 1623. Bishop Nicolson,
writing of these Chapelries in 1703, also throws interesting
light upon the way in which they were served. Taking
the three with which we are concerned he says : —
The Reader of Newlands has (vijs et modis) 21i 15s Id and St.
Johns 5li Is. Lastly Thornthwait has 48li in stock of money at 14d
p lib. Interest : and 2li 5s 8d rais'd yearly (by way of Assessment)
upon the Lands of the Inhabitants within that Chappelry : which
brings the whole Annual Stipend to 5li Is 8d. As mean as these
Salaries look, the Readers in these Dales are commonly more rich
than the Curates (much better provided for, in appearance) in other
parts of the Diocese ; haveing the Advantage of drawing Bills, Bonds,
Conveyances, Wills, &c., which the Attornies elsewhere claim as
their property : But, since the Duty of stamp 'd paper came in
Fashion, their Revenues are much abated in this Article.'
Connected, however, with these places is the name of
James Cave, whom Calamy places among his Ejected
Ministers. Previous to that another name of equal
interest is found linked with this area and that is Simon
Atkinson. The following is the authority: —
Crosthwaite. Martii 8, 1645-6.
Ref. Simon Atkinson minister &c. to ye assembly to officiate in ye
Chappells annexed to the Church of Crosthwaite in ye County of
Cumberland. 2
1. Miscel., p. 98.
2. Bodl. MS. 322.
66o
The Ejected of 1662
An erased passage previous to that says that : —
50li be paid him out of the Deane & Chapter of Carlisle to officiate
in parish of Crosthwaite consisting of many Chappelrys.
As Simon Atkinson signs the Lazonby Registers in the
capacity of Yicar in January, 1645-6/ he could not be
serving these Chapelries in March following. The erasure
suggests some blundering on the part of the scribe ; but it
may be that Simon Atkinson was here previous to his
advent to Lazonby.
James Cave, 1652—1660.
Calamy's account of James Cave is comparatively full,
and is to be found in his " Continuation " by way of
correction and addition to his first Account. He informs
us that James Cave was born at Banbury, that his father
was a brazier, and that for some time he fought in the
wars in Scotland, being a Captain in the Army there. '^
He states that the " Commissioners for propagating the
Gospel in the four Northern Counties " appointed him
" Preacher at Crosby, Scaleby and Stanwix with 80/ per
Annum Maintenance. They afterwards sent him to
itinerate at Thornewait Newlands and St. Johns with an
Appointment of 104? per ann. These it seems are all of
them in Crosthwait Parish." ^ His appointment as
" Itinerant " in the three Chapelries, in 1652, is given in
the following together with some account of his stipend :
Newcastle
upon Tine. By the Corns. November 3rd, 1652.
Thornethwaite
Newlands &
St. John.
Whereas Mr. James Cave being recommended for a godly & painfull
preacher & of able guifts & knowledge for the worke of ye Ministry &
of approved conversation for piety hath come before us & upon
tryall & examinacon of his guifts by divers godly Minrs according to
the direcon of the Parlt is found fitt to preach the Gospell of Jesus
Christ & to be duely qualified & guifted for that holy Imployment
1. Vide p. 319.
2. Vide p. 624.
3. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 159; vol. iii, pp. 227-8.
Thomthwaite 66 1
these are therefore by vertue of the power & authority to us given by
ye Par It to appoint the said Mr. James Cave to preach at Thornethwaite
Newlands & St. Johns in the County of Cumberland & to be itinerant
in those places & for his Support & maintennce It is hereby appted &
ordered yt the rents menconed & conteyned in ye Schedule hereunto
annexed bee setled upon the said Mr. James Cave. And hee is
hereby invested in ye same And as lawfully Seised thereof to all
intents and purposes as if he had bin instituted & inducted according
to any forme or Course of Law & hath the like remedy for ye
recovering thereof as ye deane & chapter of Carlisle formerly had.
Cuthbert Studholme Tho. Cholmley Tho Langhorne Jo. Levering
Wm ffenwick, Geo. Dawson John Ogle Luke Rillingworth Hen.
Horsley Tho. Craister Robt. Hutton Edw. Winter.
Exd. & Ent. Anth. Parsons.
A note of Severall rents setled upon Mr. James Cave Minister of
the Gospell in the foure Northerne Counties arising out of rents
late belonging to the Deane & Chapter of Carlile.
Imprimis,
Kirkland Mr. John Dalston of Acron Banke out of the
Tyth of Kirkland at andr : & Elin. 21 : 00 : 00.
Lagonby. Mr. Mackmillion out of the tith of Lagonby at
andr & Lady Day 09 : 00 : 00.
Camerton Sr Patricius Curwen out of the tith of
Camerton att Michas & Lady Day 08 : 13 : 04.
Cross Cannonby Mr. Robert Sedall out of the Tythe of
Cross Cannonby att Mart. & Michas 10 : 00 : 00.
Grindledicke Mr. Carleton for Grindledik at Whitsontyde
& Mart. 00 : 13 : 04.
Ireby Mr. John Relfe for tyth Come of Ireby at
Whitsontide and Martin 10 : 00 : 00.
Sebreom. Mr. phillipp Ellis for tythes of Sebreom at
Whitsontyde & Mart. 09 : 10 : 00
Basingthwaite Mr. fforward or the ffarmera of
Basingthwait tyth for the same att Whitsontide
ajid Mart. 11 : 00 : 00.
Coltclose Mrs. Stephenson for Coltclose att Whitsontide
& Mart. 00 : 13 : 04.
Hirhcomocke Thomas Bortrum hirhcomock at Mart. &
Michas. 00 : 05 : 00.
Heyclose Mr. Skaife for heyclose at Whit, and Mart. 00 : 12 : 00.
Woolaiks Mr. Harrington for Woolaicks Whit, and Mart. 00 : 10 : 04.
Carlile Small tyth. Edward James Richard Symins with
the rest of the petty Cannons at Carlile for Small
tyth there att Whit. & Mart. 01 : 05 : 00
Corgan The ffarmers of Corgan tyth for ye sayd tyth
at Jo. Baptist & Lady day. 02 : 18 : 00.
662
The Ejected of 1662
Sowerby The vicar of Sowerby for Tyth there at
Bapt. & Lady day.
Welfield old f eild. Perci vail Kirkebride for tyth of Welfield
k oldfield at Bapt. & Lady Day
Little Salquald Theffarmersof the tyth of Little Salquald
for the sayd tyth at Bapt. and purification
Todergill Richard Hindson for Todergill att Lammas
Cathwait William Nelson for tyth of Cathwait Lamas
& purificon
Sprunston John Hindson of Sprunston at Lam. Michas
Lyntonholme Mr. fforward for Lynton holme att Lam. &
Michas
Highead Mr. Christopher Richmond for tyth of
Highead at Lam. & purificacon
Cathwaite Thomas Vaux for Cathwaite Lam and
Purificacon
Eadnall Mr. Macmillion for tyth of Eadnall Lam. &
purificacon
Sebreom James Gillaspy of Sebreom Lam. and
purificacon
Grindledick John Slagg for Grindledick Lam. purif.
Mr. Peter Senhouse Esq. for Gleab there Michas
Thistlethwaite Mr. Halton for Thistlethwaite at Michas
petrill Crooke Mr. Atkinson for pettrill Crooke at
Mich, purifi.
Apletreethwaite Mr. Skelton for Apletreethwaite INIichas
Ragmere Mr. Stephenson for a Tenmt in Ragmere
Michas
Stemfeild Sr George ffletcher for Stemfeild at Barth-.
Jo. Stanix Michas
Stone Quarries Mr. Wilson of Carlile for two Stone
Quarries Michas
Thomas Bushby Michas.
Hunsfeild John Moore of Hunsfeild ^Nlich.
Thwaite John Briscov? of Thwaite Michas
Phillip Browne Michas
Anthony Fleming Michas
Richard Jackson Michas
John Oliphant Michas
Cuthbert Rumsey Michas
Widdow Bowman Michas
Richard Wright Selyray [Salary ?] Michas
Thomas Blenrassett, Carlisle,' Michas
01 : 07 : 00.
00 -. 01 : 06.
00
00
01
01
00
00
00;
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00 : 00.
01 : 00.
10 : 00.
01 : 00.
00 : 15 : 04.
01 : 06 : 08.
00 : 12 : 00.
03 : 08 : 04.
13 : 04.
05 : 00.
00 : 00.
00 : 00.
07 : 00.
04 : 00.
01 :'00.
15 : 00.
02 : 00.
03 : 10.
01 : 00.
00 : 04.
02 : 00.
00 : 04.
00 : 03.
00 : 02.
00 : 03.
00 : 05.
00 : 04.
03:04.
01 : 00.
Thomas Craister
Cuthbert Studholme
Thomas Langhorne
Robert Hutton.'
104 : 10 :i06.
1. Lambeth MSS. fPlund. Min.), 1006.
Thornthwaite 663
Crosthwaite
The like [Approval] for Mr. James Cave of Crosthwaite in Com.
Cumberland &c. Dated at Whitehall ye 11th day of May An l655.
Jo. Nye Eegr. i
Thornthwayte
Newlands &
St. Johns. July 16, 1655.
Whereas ye Comrs for ppagacon of ye Gospell in ye fower North-
erne Counties having by their order of ye 3d of November 1652
Setled Mr. James Cave Minister of Thornthwayte Newlands & St.
Johns in ye County of Cumberland did thereby likewise graunt unto
ye said Mr. Cave ye yearely Sume of One hundred & fower poundes
elleven Shillinges & five pence out of Severall pticulars of ye Revenue
within ye said County now vested in these Trustees It is ordered yt
Mr. Edmund Branthwayte Recr doe examine ye said pticulers so
Graunted by ye said Comrs before he make paymt of ye same and
thereupon pay ye said Mr. Cave ye said yearely sume of one hundred
fower poundes elleven Shillinges & five pence out of ye said pticulers
from time to time for such time as ye said Mr. Cave (approved &c.)
shall Continue to discharge ye duty of ye Minister of ye said places
or till further order of ye said Trustees to Comence from ye time of
his last receipt.
Jo. Thorowgood Jo Humfrey Ri. Sydenham Jo. Pocock, Ri. Yong."
Thornthwaite
Newlands and
St. John's. March 20, 1656.
Whereas the yearely Sume of Eleaven poundes was graunted by
the late Comrs for propagacon of the Gospell in the foure Northerne
Counties unto Mr. James Cave Minister of Thornethwaite Newlands
and St. Johns in the County of Cumberland out of the tithes of
Bassenthwayte in the Sayd County and whereas the Curacy of the
pish Church of Bassenthwayte aforesd is wthin the care of these
Trustees who have Setled the rent of the whole tithes amounting
but to foure and twenty poundes a yeare upon Mr. Wm. Ardrey,
whereby the aforesd allow^ance graunted unto Mr. Cave is ceased It
is orderd that in lieu thereof the yearely Sume of Eight poundes one
shilling be graunted unto the said Mr. Cave out of the rents and
profitts of the tithes of Little Raughton and Halfeildes and that the
same be from time to time paid unto him for such time as he shall
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 972.
2. Ibid., 968.
664
The Ejected of 1662
discharge the duty of the Minister of the said place, or untill further
order of these Trustees to be accompted from the 5th day of ffebr
last past And that Mr. Edmund Branthwaite receiver doe pay the
same unto the said Mr. Cave accordingly.
Ea. Hall, Jo. Pocock, Edw. Cressett, Jo. Humfrey Ri. Yong."
James Cave's ordination, however, did not take place
until October, 1656, and the following is a copy of the
testimonial given on the occasion : —
CUMBERLAND.
FORASMUCH as Mr. James Cave hath address'd himself to us the
Associated Ministers of this County, desiring to be ordain'd a
Preaching Presbyter for that he is called to the Work of the Ministry
in Crosthwait and hath exhibited to us sufficient Testimony now in
our Hands, of his unblameable Life and Conversation, of his Gifts
and of his direct Call to the foremention'd Place : And whereas the
Great Lord of the Harvest (who hath promis'd a continu'd Succession
of Labourers in his Vineyard, to the end of the World) hath
empower'd Mimisters of the Gospel to ordain fit Persons to the Office
successively, the Exercise of which Liberty and Privilege is also
allow'd to us by the Instrument of the Government of the Common-
wealth of England, Scotland, &c., dated at Westminster Dec. 16, a.d.
1653. We the Ministers of the said Association have examin'd him ;
and finding him to be duly qualified and gifted for that holy Office
and Employment (no just Exception being made against his
Ordination or Admission) we have approved him, and accordingly in
the Parish Church of Crosthwait, in the County of Cumberland, upon
the Day and Year hereafter expressed, we have proceeded solemnly
to set him apart to the Office of a Preaching Presbyter and Work
of the Ministry, with Fasting, Prayer and Imposition of Hands.
And do hereby (so far as concemeth us) actually admit him to the
said Charge, there to perform all the Offices and Duties of a faithful
Minister of JESUS CHRIST. In witness whereof we have hereunto
subscrib'd our Names, this 16th Day of October Anno Domini 1656.
Richard Gil-pin, Minister at Greystoch.
Roger Baldwin, Minister at Penrith.
George Tibhol, Minister at Skelton.
John Jackson, Minister at Hvtton.
John Myriell, Minister at Lamplvgh.
George Benson, Minister at Bridekirke.
George Larkliam, Minister at Cockermovth.'^
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 993.
2. Calamy, vol. iii, p. 228.
Thomthwaite 665
These ordainers were not all of one denominational
complexion — at least two or three of them were Congiega-
tionalists; and the conjunction of the names here throws
light upon the composition of the Association which they
represented. It will be noticed that mention is made only
of Crosthwaite, in whose Parish Church the ordination
appears to have taken place; but there is no reason to
think that anything beyond Crosthwaite Parish is
intended. It is however curious that Percival Radcliffe
is in no way named, though he must have been Incumbent
of Crosthwaite at the time. Calamy says that before
James Cave's appointment to Thornthwaite " he had an
Invitation to Inverness with the Offer of £160 per Annum
sign'd Rich. Deane. But it was not accepted." The area
over which he itinerated was very ^considerable — from
Keswick, where he had his home, six miles in one direction,
six in another, and three in a third. Whether he is one
of the " peripatetic pastors " in the mind of the author
of the Victoria County History, illustrating the preval-
ence of Pluralism in those days, is not stated. It is not,
however, the sort of Pluralism against which much can be
said; it was merely a case of Church grouping such as is
growing in favour with not a few religious bodies to day.
Calamy informs us that " after his Ejectment, he remov'd
often from one Place to another, till marrying at Daventry
in Northamptonshire he settled and continu'd there till he
came to London. And there he took the Opportunity of
King Charles's Declaration in 1672, publickly to exercise
his Ministry taking out a Licence. He died in 1694."
He licensed his own house at Daventry, also that of
"Widow Manly, Daventry," both for "Presbyterian"
worship. The contention throughout this work is that
the term " Presbyterian " is used in these Licenses quite
loosely, as indeed it is generally in the literature of the
period ; and this is sustained by what happened at Thorn-
thwaite Chapel during James Cave's ministry. Clearly
the congregation was in close association with the one at
Cockermouth, whose Congregational character from the
very beginning is beyond suspicion. The Cockermouth
666
The Ejected of 1662
Church Book informs us that " on the 24th day of the 4th
month [June, 1657], The two Sister Churches, viz: That
of Keswick & this of Cockermth, mett at Thornthwaite
Chappell, when the two Pastrs preached : our Pastour
from ye 1 pet. 1. 22, the Pastor of ye other Society from
the 1st Ep. to ye Corinth. 15 Cap. 58 verse." Still
further, and more striking, the fact that the Savoy
Confession of Faith together with the " expressed iudgmt
of yt meeting touching order, is owned by this [Cocker-
mouth] pticular Church. It was read amongst us at
Thornthwaite Chapel, in Crosthwaite Parish and assented
too."
Both Calamy and Palmer give under St. John's Chapel
" James Carr " as an Ejected Minister. This, however,
is an error and a clear case of reduplication, St. John's
Chapel, Newlands, and Thornthwaite being all under the
care of James Cave. James Carr is a mistake for James
Cave.i
The Episcopal Register states that Thomas Knott was
ordained Priest March 11. 1665-6, and the same day
licensed to teach " pueros " and " read prayers " at Thorn-
thwaite. Probably this is the person who appears at
Watermillock in 1669. -
1. Vide under Kirkland for a further reference to James Cave, p. 396.
2. Vide p. 512.
III. THEELKELD.
About half a dozen miles from Keswick in an easterly
direction is Threlkeld. The Church is dedicated to St.
Mary; and the earliest Register Book, a long, narrow
parchment volume, is broken in places ; but the writing
generally is good, though some of it is faded. The entries
begin in 1573, as the following shows: —
A trewe and perfect weddings Christings the xxv daie
of Ap . . . Ecclesiae Anglicanae et Decimo quinto.
The book commences with " Weddings." The County
Histories do not help us with any Incumbent list, but the
following names have been obtained from the Registers,
and in other ways : —
Thomas Piele, 1573—1602.
He signs the Registers on April 25th, 1573, but how
long before that he had held the living is not known. His
burial entry is as follows : —
July 1, 1602 Mr. Thomas Piell Curate buried at Lorton.
The Pieles were a local family being especially numerous
about Lorton and Cockermouth. Probably this is the
person who was at Lorton in 1602,^ and who seems to have
held both livings.
Edward Wilson, 1602.
The Registers give the following : —
Sept. 20, 1603, John son of Mr. Edward Wilson Curate baptd.
In the Greystoke Registers also we read : —
November 1609 Sunday the vth day being Kyng's Holy day
accordinge to the Ackt of Parlament one Sermon by Mr. Wilson
Curate at Threlkeld the xxxvijth psalme 33 verse.
John Lowes, 1645—1662.
The Registers state that he was inducted on March 5th,
1. Vide p. 739.
668
The Ejected of 1662
1645 ; and they have the following notice of his burial : —
March 26, 1662, Mr. John Lowes Minister buried.
It would appear that there was no disturbance here at the
Restoration.
Tristram Lowther, 1697.
He was ordained Deacon being " Literatus " February
1st, 1662-3 ; but the date of his appointment to Threlkeld
is not forthcoming. The following notice of his burial
appears in the Registers : —
March 10, 1697. Mr. Tristram Lowther Minister, buried.
Andrew Naughley, 1698 — 1705,
The Registers contain the following : —
Master Andrew Naughley an Scottish Devine was inducted to be
Minister at Threlkeld Church by Dr. Smith Bishop of Carlisle his
order upon the fourt day of April & year of our Lord Gk)d 1698.
April 17, 1705. Mr. Andrew Naughley died.
April 19, 1705. The same buried at the North Side of the Altar.
Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, says : —
Notwithstanding that the Parishioners here pay their Tithes (of
Wool & Lamb &c.) to the Rector of Graystock, and are undoubtedly
part of his parish, they have alwaies claim'd (and enjoy'd for some
Ages) distinct Parochial Rights of their own : And their Register-
Book, to begin with that, has been so managed as to countenance
their Claim. It begins at 1573, and tells that John Lowes was
Inducted into this Church Mar. 5, 1645, and so Mr. Naughley, the
present Curate, has taken care to let posterity know that he was
Inducted to be Minister of Threlkeld by Dr. Smith Bishop of Car-
lile's Order Apr. 4, 1698. Before we shut this Book, we must observe
one extraordinary Custome of the place, to be proved by it. Formal
Contracts of Marriage are herein Recorded ; and Sureties enter'd for
the payment of five Shillings to the poor, by the party that draws
back. '
Alexander Naughley, M.A., 1705 — 1756.
He was an Edinburgh graduate, appearing in the M.A.
list under date April 30th, 1700. The following from the
Registers supplies additional information : —
May 5, 1705. Alexander Naughley his son. Nominated to the
curacy of Threlkeld by Richard Viscount of Lonsdale at Lowther
1. Misoel., p. 107.
Threlkeld 669
Hall and June 2, 1705 ordained Deacon at Carlisle and June 13, 1705,
Licensed to serve cure & preach at Threlkeld May 19, 1706. The
same was ordained priest in the fourth year of the consecration of
William Nicholson Lord Bishop of Carlile.
Bishop Nicolson in his Diary, under date September
26th, 1713, tells about Naughley being summoned to
Crosthwaite to meet himself and Chancellor Tullie, when
he was admonished to " avoid Brawls and Tipling."i
Hutchinson has a lengthy account of this singular man.
He says : —
The son of Alexander [should be Andrew] Naughley, an episcopal
clergyman of reputation at Stow, in the Lowthians, where his son was
born a few years before the revolution. The father was highly respectable
for his learning and piety ; ,and had been Chum with Bishop Burnet at
the University of Glasgow. But refusing from conscientious motives, to
sign the Covenant, and siding with the Marquis of Montrose, he
was deposed and banished. Another brother and this Alexander,
then a mere infant, were put into a pair of panniers, and thus
Conveyed, on a little Scots galloway to this place : the father and
mother performing the journey on foot. The stipend of Threlkeld,
though too small to maintain a resident Minister, to this poor
fugitive became a most comfortable relief — the cure then being
vacant. He held it till he died, and was succeeded by his son.
Scanty as his income was, hardly ever exceeding £12 a year, he was
enabled through rigid frugality, after having taught this his son,
with great advantage, all that is usually called school learning, to
send him to the university of Edinburgh, where he staid till he took
his Master's degree. At this Seminary, he distinguished himself,
particularly for his proficiency in mathematical learning. Soon after
his return to Threlkeld, the father died ; and contented to succeed
him the parishioners were happy to elect the son. Here he remained
fifty-one years, without ever seeking, or accepting, of any other
promotion : for, here alone as he used to say, he was in his element ;
because his peculiarities did not at all diminish the respect paid him
by his parishioners. For many years, he added something, but it
never could be much, to his Church revenue of £12 a year by teaching
astronomy, navigation, mensuration, and other branches of the
mathematics. He was also in great reputation as a Classical Scholar.
In his modes of living he was eccentric and careless beyond example.
His victuals, such as they were, he cooked himself; without ever
attempting to wash the one poor pan, in which all his operations in
1. Trans. (N.S.). vol. iv, p. 66.
670
The Ejected of 1662
this way were performed. His most usual fare was a crust of sour
brown bread, boiled in plain water, and seasoned with a little salt :
and the only luxuries in diet, on which he was ever known to regale
with superior enjoyment, were messes of oatmeal. His dress was
only comparable to his diet : it was, in general, the meanest and
worst in the parish. He always wore wooden shoes, and went
without cravat, stock, or handkerchief round his neck : his slovenli-
ness will not bear description. His hearth was seldom cleared of the
«mbers ; whilst his whole apartment was strewed over with books
and papers, intermingled with his household implements. [His late
life was shadowed.] He became sottish, grovelling and mean in the
extreme ; unstudious, and without either ambition or effort to improve
his understanding. His voice also was rendered so effeminate, weak
and piping, that his Congregation, even when they could hear him
at all, no longer heard him with pleasure. He died in 1756 at the
age of 76.'
Hutchinson is not happy in his dates ^ when he tells these
stories, which are an interesting feature of his work.
There is certainly something calling for explanation in
relation- to the elder Naughley. His Induction to
Threlkeld was only in 1698, and at that time the Montrose
incident was ancient history, while the younger Naughley
could not have been an infant. Were it not for the
appearance of Tristram Lowther in 1697 it might have
been assumed that the elder Naughley in an irregular sort
of way held the Threlkeld living before his Induction.
1. Hutchinson, vol. i, p. 422 note.
2. Vide Wigton, p. 522.
IV. BASSENTHWAITE.
About four miles from the railway station and on the east
side of the Lake of that name, is the Bassenthwaite Church.
It is dedicated to St. Bridget, and the Registers begin in
1574. The oldest book has by way of cover the fragment
of an old missal. It was rebound by the present Yicar
and Churchwardens in 1902. The writing is neat and
clear, though a little faded in places, and is evidently in
the hand of a scribe employed to copy from an original.
The first entry is that of a burial, dated June 6, 1574, and
all are burials up to 1593. Following 1593 are baptisms,
which again end with 1603, these being succeeded by
" Sepulti." These terminate about 1636 and are followed
by another set beginning with April, 1664, which end in
1686, and are succeeded by baptisms in 1680 up to 1687.
There are only a few marriages, which commence in 1687,
after which date the marriages, burials, and baptisms for
each year follow regularly and separately. There is no
attempt in the County Histories at any list of Incumbents,
but the following names have been discovered : —
Simon Bell, 1578.
This is the date of his burial entry in the Registers : —
1578 Sepult fiiit Simo Bell Claricus 29 die Junij.
Robert Fisher, 1578.
The Registers are again our authority for this, and he
would appear to have held the living for a few months
only: —
1578 Sepult fuit Robertas ffisher Claricus 24 die Decembris.
Foster has the following : " Fisher Robert, s. John, of
Braden Thwayte, Cumberland, pleb. Queen's Coll. Matric.
4 Nov., 1631, aged 18." ^ Bassenthwaite is, of course,
intended by " Braden Thwayte" ; and possibly this Robert
Fisher was a grandson of the Yicar.
1. Al. Ox.
6/2
The Ejected of 1662
Thomas Parker, 1592.
The following also from the Eegisters : —
Sepult fuit Thomas Parker Clici 29 die March 1592.
Simon Pearson, 1607.
The Registers contain quite a number of Pearson
entries, though it is not certain that all relate to the
person in question : —
1607. Sepulta fuit Margareta pearson filia Simonis Clici 11 die
Novembris.
1615. Sepulta fuit Kethra ( ?) pearson filia 8imoni Pearson clerico.
Vicessimo octavo Aprilis.
1616 Baptizatus fuit Isabella Pearson filia Simonidi pearson clerico
30 die . . .
1622 Baptizatus fuit Lancelotus pearson filius Symonis de . . .
1624 Baptizatus fuit Johannes pearson filius Symonis 14 die No-
vembris.
1626 Baptizatus fuit Symo Pearson filius Symonis Pearson 30 die
Octobris.
1630 Baptizatus fuit Richardus Pearson filius Symonis Pearson 3
die Novembris.
Sepultus fuit Symo Pearson de Northgrave Septimo die \Tartij
1631.
1672 Sepultus fuit Simonidi Peirson de Halls ult ffebruarij.
EoBERT Hewetson, 1649.
The authority for this is the Commonwealth Survey for
1649 as follows : — -
Bassenthwayte alias Bowhowkirke.
The present Curate is Mr. Roberte Hewetson, preaching Minister
putt in by the Comitte of this Countye of Cumberland and received
the last yeares profitts untill the xiiij of November Last; And nowe
Lett by us to Thomas Radcliffe of Cockermouth for ye enseueinge
yeare for fifteene pounds hee payeinge the Curate wages, findeinge
Breade and Wine and deschardgeinge all other Sesments & chardges.^
To Mr. Robert Hewetson for serveinge the Cure att ye Church of
Bassingthwaite out of the Rectory e of Bassinthwaite ffowre pounds
sexe shillings Eight pence &c.*
John Forward, 1655.
The authority for this is the Augmentation List. 3
1. Lambeth MSS. Surveys, vol. ii.
2. Ibid.
3. Vide p. 1323 ; also pp. 565, 773, for additional information about
Forward.
Bassenth waite 673
William Audrey, 1655 — 1680.
Possibly the person who was ordained Deacon May 23rd,
1624, being then " literatus." That he was here in 1655
is clear from the following : —
Bassenthwate. Nov. 13, 1655.
Whereas ye Curacy of ye pish Church of Bassenthwate in ye
County of Cumberland is att pret destitute of a Minister & Mr. Wm.
Ardrey Ministr of ye word hath applied himselfe to these Trustees
for his Settlmt in the said Church. It is ordered yt ye said Mr.
Ardrey be setled Minister of ye said Church. Provided he first
procure ye approbacon of ye Comrs for approbacon of publique
Preachers in yt behalfe.
Jo. Thorowgood Ri. Sydenham Edw. Hopkiais Ra. Hall Jo. Pocock.*
Bassenthwait
Wm. Ardrey. Know all men by &c the one and Order Nov.
twentieth day of November in the year 13, — 55.
one thousand six hundred ffifty and
five There was exhibited to the Wm. Ardrey
Comissionrs for approbation of publique preachers Cert, as aforesd
An order of the Trustees for maintenance of Ministers by
whereby Mr. Wm. Ardrey is setled in ye Curacy — —
of ye parish Church of Bassenthwayte in ye County Jo. fforward of
of Cumberland Together &c approved the said Bolton
William Ardrey &c doe admitt the said William Jo. Harrison of
Ardrey to the cure of Bassenthwayt aforesaid to be Ireby
full and perfect possessor and Incumbent thereof per.Radcliffe of
and &c. Crosthwite
In Witnesse &c. Dated at Whitehall the Rich, ffletcher
2l8t day of November 1655." of Distington
John Woods.
Bassenthwaite. November 22, 1655.
Whereas the Curacy of the Parish Church of Bassenthwaite in the
County of Cumberland is at psent destitute of a minister and the
Care of provideing for the same is in these Trustees It is ordered
tljat Mr. Willm Ardrey approved by ye Comrs for approbacon of
publique preachers to bee a pson fitt to preach the Gospell doe and
hee is hereby Authorized forthwith to officiate the Cure of the said
Church by diligent preaching and instructing the Parishioners of the
said Parish and that hee shall have for his paines therein the yearely
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.) 1008.
2. Ibid., 996.
A R
674
The Ejected of 1662
smnme of Twenty pounds & fl&ve Shillings out of the profits of the
Impropriate Rectory of Bassenthwaite aforesaid to bee accoted from
this psent 22 day of November and to bee from time to time
continued and paid unto ye said Mr. Ardrey for such time as hee shall
descharge the duty of the Minister of the said place or untill further
Order of the said Trustees And Mr. Edmund Branthwaite Receiver is
appointed to pay the same unto him accordingly togeather wth all
arreares to him due out of the prmisses since ye aforesd May last.
John Thorowgood Ri. Sydenham John Humfrey John Pococke Ra.
HaU.'
Bassenthwaite.
dd Mr. Wood.
(27). July 1, 1657.
Whereas the Curacy of the parish Church of Bassenthwaite in the
County of Cumberland being at the provcon of these Trustees These
Trustees have Setled Mr. William Ardrey (approved according to the
Ordinance for approbacon of publique preachers) Minister of the said
place And have Graunted him the yearely Sume of ffower and twenty
poundes out of the profitts of the Rectory of Bassenthwaite aforesd
It is ordered that the further Siune of Ten poundes a year be and
the same is hereby Graunted to and for a further increase of
Maintennce to the said Mr. Ardrey And that the same be from time
to time paid unto him for such time as he shall descharge the duty
of the Minister of the said place or untill further ordr of these
Trustees out of ye tithes of Upmanby and Allhallowes in ye sd
County to be accompted from ye 24th of June 1657 and that Mr.
Edmund Branthwite Recr doe pay the same unto him accordingly.
Edw. Cressett Jo. Pocock Richard Yong Rich. Sydenham Ralph Hall.*
William Ardrey seems to have kept undisturbed posses-
sion of the living until his death in 1680. The Registers
give the following : —
1680 Sepultus fuit William Ardrey Gierke de bassenth. 23
January.
1681 Sepulta fuit Mabella Ardrey quarto die Octobris.
John Pearson, 1680 — 1685.
Doubtless connected with Simon Pearson, a previous
Incumbent. The following Pearson entries have been
found in the Registers : —
1682 Bapt. fuit Maria filia Joh. Pearson Cur. decimo 2d Janu.
Bapt fuit Maria filia Joh. Pearson par. 2d die ffeb. (82).
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 972.
2. Ibid., 993.
Bassenth waite 675
1684 Bapt. fuit Elzabetha fil. Joh. Pearson Cur. 9mo die Sep.
1689 Xtnings John Son of John Pearson of Northrow the same day
April 24th.
Marriages 1692
John pearson of this parish & Dorothy ffisher of Seckmurthery
marryed June vj.
Jolin Pearson's own burial entry reads tlius : —
Interd John Pearson Clarke of the paresh of Bassenthwaite 16 day
of Aperall in 1685.
A person of this name appears at Ambleside in 1669.^
John Todd, 1687—1705.
He was ordained Deacon September 21st, 1673, and
licensed Curate Sept. 27, 1687. At tbe foot of the page of
the Registers for 1694 appears the following : —
Memorandu. that there is due to ye Rector or Curate 3s 4d for
all Buryed in the body of the Church and 6s 8d for those buryed
in the Chancell beside the usuall ffee for Burying tho I usually
abated them near one half
John Todd Curate
John Cape
J. Studdart Chwardens.
In the margin by another hand is the following : —
2s 6d p keeping ye Regester 12d p pound for offerings.
The second volume of the Registers begins with 1702 and
under burials we have the following : —
1705 Mr. John Todd Mintr of Bassenthwaite Buried ye 27th day
of May.
Peter Gregory, 1708 — 1719.
He was instituted Dec. 9, 1708; and the reader is
referred to the accounts of Uldale and Cockermouth for
information respecting him.^ His burial entry is thus
given in the Registers : —
1719 Mr. Peter Gregory Curate of Basswtht et Uldale buried
August 16 ano Dni 1719.
Stephen Grove, 1729—1763.
He is named as Curate of Bassenthwaite in the Isel
1. Vide p. 1055.
2. Vide pp. 557, 703.
676 The Ejected of 1662
Registers for 1729, and his burial appears in the Bassen-
thwaite Registers thus : —
Mr. Stephen Grove Curate of Bassenthwte Burd. Aprl 16th 1763.
The Registers give the name of Abraham Brown " a
Taberdar of Queen's Coll. Oxon." He was buried here
November 28th, 1706. Foster says that he was the son of
" Sim. of Bassenthwaite, Cumberland, pp. Queen's Coll.
Matric. 20 Feb. 1700-1, aged 19; B.A. 1705." ^
1. Al. Ox.
Y. EMBLETON.
Formerly this was a Chapelry in the large and ancient
Parish of Brigham. The Church is dedicated to St. Cuthbert,
and is about half a mile to the right of the Embleton rail-
way station. The earliest Register book is of parchment,
and in several places quite faded. On the outside page may
be detected the date 1624 ; but inside lately inked over is
1626. The volume goes up to 1732. The entries as far as
1660 are not numerous, and many of them are somewhat
indistinct. The County Histories are silent in reference
to the Incumbents here. Walker gives in his list of
"Suffering Clergy" Wm. Cox of " Embleston " which
he places under Cumberland. In the margin, however,
he queries whether this is not in Northumberland.
Such is the case, the said "William Cox being presented
to the living there by Merton College, of which he was a
graduate.^
The following are the only names that have been
discovered : —
Oeorge Messenger, 1674.
He was ordained Deacon September 20th, 1674, and is
given as of " Cest. Dio."^ In the Registers appears the
following : —
Georgius Messenger fuit Curate apud Embleton.
The date is not given. His marriage with " Mabell
Sibson " on the " ij of November anoq. Horn. 1673 " is
noted in the Registers. At the Bishop's Visitation, June
30th, 1674, he appeared and exhibited both as Curate and
■"Ludimagister," being licensed in the latter capacity on
April 28th, 1674, by Chr. Matteson "Surrogate Comry." to
1. Walker, Pt. ii, p. 215 : Foster's Al. Ox.
2. Episcopal Eegister.
678
The Ejected of 1662
teach boys "Anglice.
tion for 1676/7 : —
He signed the following Presenta-
Embleton, 1676-7.
Our Chappel yard is well fenced for Keeping out swine &c. Neither
is there any encroachmt made thereon, nor any Excommunicate pson
buryed therein.
Our Minister being but Deacon always pcures a minister in full
Orders to Administer the holy Sacramt. And he baptizes none but
with God fathers & God mothers he is of a good life, is
allowed by ye Bishopp, his allowance is but 5li 7s. per Anum & he
is Episcopally ordained.
George Messenger Curat, i
The following are additional Messenger entries from the
Registers : —
Gulielmus ]Messenger filius Georgii Messenger Curati in Embleton
Baptizatus fuit 21 mo. die Novembris Anoq. Dom. 1677.
Elizabeth Messenger ye daughter of George Messenger Curate was
Baptized ye 28th of November 1680.
1684 Mary Messenger the daughter of George Messenger was bapt.
the 13th of August Ano Dni. 1684.
Messenger is a local name, and it frequently appears in
the Cockermouth Congregational Church Book.
William Lancaster, 1718.
He signs as Curate in this year.
William Wright, 1729.
He is mentioned as Curate of Embleton in the Registers
for this year.
L. RuMNEY, 1743.
He was instituted on the resignation of Wright.
T. Fisher, 1744.
Instituted on the resignation of Rumney.
The district is particularly interesting, because it was
here that George Larkham, the Ejected Minister of
Cockermouth, visited frequently during the days of his
exile from his people. Here also was a little band of
Nonconformists to whom these visits were very welcome.
1. Lancaster Transcripts.
Embleton 679
The Cass and Hudson families were among the number,
and the following entries in the Registers relate to them. :
Nupt Gulielmus Kothery de Wadrigge de Embleton et Maria
Hudson filia Johannis Hudson de Cragge in Setmurther nupti fuere
... die Julij 1661 p. Gul. Ardrey Cleri.
John Cass of Shoaton was buryed the 23rd day of October Anq
Dom. 1675.
Isabel! Cass Widow was buried the 6th day of December 1684.
John Cass the son of John Cass was baptized the first day of May
1687.
John Cass buried the 3rd day of March 1704.
The Rev. P. N. Kennedy of Wythop, in an address, in
1904, says : " John Hudson of Setmurthy passed away in
1672, a pronounced Nonconformist, and lived in a house
now occupied by W. Ellwood, The Cragg. The Initials
are over the doorway. There the Rev. George Larkham
preached and Thomas Larkham his father. The
Independents held meetings at Embleton and Setmurthy."
It appears also that a place was found in the Embleton
Registers for marriages in the " Cockermouth Meeting
House": —
Lancelot Yowherd and Anne Boutch were married at the Meeting
house of Cockermoth the 11th day of July Annoq Dni 1704.
John Addison & Anne ffisher were married at ye meeting house
of Cockermouth the 15 day of June Anoq. Dni 1704.
VIII. THE COCKERMOUTH GROUP.
I. COCKEEMOUTH.
This was formerly a Chapelry of the large and important
Parish of Brigham ; consequently in the period with which
we are concerned it was of quite secondary importance. The
Church is dedicated to All Saints. The Registers begin
in 1632 and are well kept; the Churchwardens' Accounts
commence in 1668. The first volume of the Registers is a
small, parchment book, recently bound, having the follow-
ing upon the outside cover: —
Cockermouth Eegisters, Births, Marriages and Burials From 1632
to 1650, Rebound 1804.
It is in good condition, few of the entries being faded,
while the writing is neat and clear. The following
appears inside : —
A True Register of all the Christenings Marages and Burials which
happened at our church of Cockermouth since Anno Domini 1632.
The second volume bears upon the outside the following :
Cockermouth Register of Births & Burials lo54 — 1700. Rebound
1802.
Within as follows : —
A true and Perfect Register of all Mariages and Burialls and of
all Birthes or Baptism es yt were given in unto me which happened
in the parish of Cockermouth since the 14th day of January 1654.
In all probability it was the work of Peter Murthwaite,
the Schoolmaster, his neat and beautiful hand being quite
a feature of the Grilcrux Registers, whose living he
subsequently held.^ The County Historians are of little
use to us in relation to this place, as will afterwards
appear. The following is a list of Incumbents : —
1. Vide p. 732.
682 The Ejected of 1662
Peter Hudson, before 1649.
The Registers are the authority for this name, as
follows : —
1649 Edward the sonne of Mr. Peter Hudson late Minister of
Cockermouth was slaine at the farre old Milne and was buried
January 30th day 1649/50.
This was during the Siege of Cockermouth by the
Parliamentary Army, which was preceded by a serious
epidemic of sickness. The Registers give evidence of the
severity of both these experiences in the following among
other entries : —
Buryalls 1647.
The visitation begins in Cockermouth July 3rd, 1647 whereof &
in wch tyme these dyed
Francis Benson, Lucy his wife Richard theire Son, Margarett
Benson, John Addison, Willm Biggrigge, Jane Benson theire
Servants.
All these died in 1647, and the entries are followed thus :
By reason of the Sicknesse and the Seige diverse were neglected to
be Registred in due Course, but as many as gave in their Children's
names are Sett downe as followeth.
The Seige was laid agt Cockermouth Castle August 1648 and the
Castle was releived the 29th September in wch time were slaine of
the Beseigers : —
Several names are here given, the following being among
the number : —
a Trumpeter in Mr. Tickell loft.
Myles fRsher of Cockermouth shot about the quenching of Mr.
ffearon bake house. Capt. John Hobson shot on Cockerbridge.
We have no means of ascertaining the length of the
period during which Peter Hudson held the living; but
from the wording in the Registers it is clear that he had
either died or removed before 1649. The Hudsons were
numerous in Cumberland and Westmorland, and there was
a Peter Hudson at Gosforth from 1628 to 1645. ^
Robert Rickerby, 1650 (?).
In 1647 there was a person of this name at Raughton
1. Vide p. 838.
Cockermouth 683
Head/ who was ordered to submit himself to the
Lancashire Classical Presbytery for examination; and
appearances point to him as the Robert Rickerby with
whom we meet at Cockermouth shortly afterwards. His
marriage with Jane Hastie, daughter of the Penrith
Yicar, in 1647/8, is given in the Penrith Registers. Not
one of the County Historians gives the date of his appoint-
ment to Cockermouth, though Hutchinson seems to hint at
1640. That, however, is quite wrong, as is evident from
what has been said about Peter Hudson. Robert
Rickerby was sequestered from the Cockermouth living,
though Walker makes no mention of him; and the date
in this case again is not forthcoming. Probably, however,
it was about 1650, as, in 1651, his successor had been
appointed. An extremely interesting little fact appears
in the Augmentation Lists for 1656, &c. ^ It is to the
effect that " Robert Rickerbie Mr. [Schoolmaster] Cross-
thwaite School," was in receipt of "£15:0:00"
Augmentation; and the Lambeth MS. of a few months'
earlier date deals with the matter still more fully (vide
p. 658). It is not absolutely certain that this was the
Sequestered Minister of Cockermouth, but it is almost so.
The Crosthwaite Registers give the following : —
Baptisms 1651
Februarij Robert Richarby Son of Robert & Jane of Keswick.
The burial of Jane, the Cockermouth Minister's wife,
appears later; similarly that of Robert Rickerby, a son,
who was an Oxford graduate. His age at the time of his
death, in 1675, is given as 23, which about corresponds
with that of his baptism ; and Foster says that he was the
son of Robert, of Cockermouth, "cler," that he matricu-
lated Queen's Coll. July 1, 1670, at the age of 17 years,
taking his B.A. in 1674, about a year before his death. ^
Robert Rickerby, senior, appears among the signatories to
Percival Radcliffe's Certificate at Crosthwaite in 1654,
The evidence for identity is practically conclusive; and,
1. Vide p. 502.
2. Vide p. 1314.
3. Al. Ox.
684
The Ejected of 1662
if lie was able to hold the position of Schoolmaster during
these years, it is clear that he was not very hardly pressed
by the ruling powers.
John Macmillan, 1650.
This is a conjecture only based upon the following
facts. In the Musgrave Tracts there is a reference to the
Scottish Minister at Cockermouth, but unfortunately the
nam© is withheld.^ In the same Tracts, John Macmillan
is spoken of as a Scot, and in this case no place is assigned
to him. The Cockermouth Registers, also, contain the
following : —
1650-1 Jane the daughter of Mr. John Mackmillion was baptized
ffebruary 2d dayi
It would, therefore, appear that he held the living for a
brief period after the Sequestration of Robert Rickerby.^
George Larkham, M.A., 1651 — 1660.
Neither Calamy nor Palmer does justice to this man,
whose influence upon Nonconformity in the north can
scarcely be over estimated. He has been fittingly called
" the star of the North " ; and perhaps, next to Richard
Gilpin, he is the most interesting of all the Ejected
Ministers in this area. In many respects he was Gilpin's
superior, though it is scarcely proper to compare two men
so essentially different. His strong personality was in
large measure a replica of his father's. This was Thomas
Larkham, M.A., born at Lyme, Dorsetshire May 4th, 1601,
and educated at Jesus College, Cambridge. Thomas
Larkham married on June 22nd, 1622, Patience, daughter
of George Wilton, Schoolmaster of Crediton. There
were four children by this marriage : Thomas, who died
in 1648, in the West Indies ; George, the Cockermouth
Minister; Patience, who married Lieut. Miller, and died
in Ireland in 1656 ; and Jane, who married Daniel Condy
of Tavistock. Thomas Larkham was a man of intense
Puritan sympathies, belonged to the advanced wing of
1. Vide p. 626.
2. Vide p. 441.
Cockermouth 685
Nonconformity, and was frequently in trouble in conse-
quence. Calamy says that " in a little Time he had been a
Sufferer in almost all the Courts of England^' In 1626
he was Yicar of Northam, Devon, and his son, Thomas,
who matriculated, jS'ew Inn Hall, Oxford, March 2nd,
1637-8, at the age of 14 years, is described as of this place. ^
For some time he was chaplain to Sir Hardress Waller's
Regiment, and held other military appointments. He
speaks of receiving " Hi 3s " in 1651 " upon a muster in
Carlisle for my men " ; and, on June 11th, 1652, he got
"11 days' paie due to me " from Ebthery at Bristol,
" they about to take ship " for Ireland. His troubles
during the Commonwealth were little less than they had
been in the days of Laud and Strafford ; and while he was
at Tavistock, whence he was eventually ejected, he was the
centre of almost ceaseless storm. ^
Thomas Larkham's spirit lived afresh in his son, George.
Calamy says that his father " bred him in Dorchester-
School, and afterwards sent him to Cambridge, where he
was of Trinity College." 3 It appears, however, from
Thomas Larkham's Diary, that George Larkham received
some part, at least, of his education at Oxford. He says :
1650/1 Feb. 18. Delivered yesterday to the younger sonne of
Bartlett to be dd [delivered] to George at Oxford, 5li ; for carriage
of it & of a letter Is lOd— 05 : 01 : 10.
1. Al. Ox.
2. In the Transactions of the Devonshire Association for the Advance-
ment of Science, &c., for 1892, is a lengthy article on Thomas Larkham
by Mrs. G. H. Radford. The writer has accumulated a considerable
amount of information about him, but the aim throughout appears to
be to set him in the least favourable light. It is long since I read an
article so obviously unfair. On the flimsiest evidence she accepts the
charge against him of immorality during his residence in America.
The charge is repeated in her article in the Dictionary of National
Biography. The article is in reality a caricature of a good, though
eccentric man, whose spirit and character the writer entirely misunder-
stands.
3. Vol. ii, p. 158.
686 The Ejected of 1662
1650/1 Delivered to George, March 20th going to Oxford 5li 00 00
whereof 4li was borrowed of Ed. Condy & the other 20s out of my
stock.
The 49th yeare of mine age ended August 17, 1651, in wch 1
Eeceived in all 66li : 18s : 2d. I had nothings out of the Sheaf e of
Lamerton this yeare, yet was it a chargeable yeare by meanes of my
Sonne George, to whom, besides his expenses in Oxford and charges
of degres of Batcholar I gave 20li at his going into Cumberland.
Foster also has the following : " ' Serv ' Son of Thomas
of East Greenwich, Kent, pleb. Exeter Coll. matric. 9
April 1647; aged 17; B.A. 17 Oct. 1650; perhaps M.A
from Trinity Coll. Cambridge, ejected from the ministry
at Cockermouth 1662 for nonconformity; died 26 Dec.
1700 aged 71." ^
The passage from Thomas Larkham's Diary just cited
fixes the date of George Larkham's appointment to
Cockermouth. The Congregational Church here was
formed in October of the same year as the Church Book
shows : —
Oct. 2, 1651. The Foundacon of this pticlr Church was laid in
the Toune of Cockermouth the day & yeare menconed in the margent,
through the instigaon of Mr. Thomas Larkham Pastr of ye Church
of Xt at Tavistock, in Devon ; A blessed instrumt in promving and
Furthering so good a work. The foundaon stones (i.e., the first
stones of this House of God 1 Tim. iii. 15) were these seven poor
unworthy ones George Larkham, George Benson, Roger Fieldhouse,
Thomas Blethwaite, John Woods, Richard Bowes, and Thomas
Jackson. These seven, after Solemne invocaon of God, and mutual
satisfacon, each in other, agreed in the ensuing hiunble confession and
engagement &c. 2
On the 28th of January, 1651-2, he was ordained " by
the imposion of the hands of three ordained presbyters
then present (called by the church to that worke for
feare of offending the godly brethren of ye Presbyteriall
way), he having first accepted of their unanimous &
solemne call in the face of a very great assembly in ye
publicke meeting place at Cockermth." The ordainers
1. AI. Ox.
2. MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
Cockermouth 687
were Thomas Larkham his father, George Benson of Bride-
kirk, and Gawin Eaglesfield of Plumbland. It will be
noted that Thomas Larkham's stay in these parts extended
over several months, and that the date of his visit
coincides with the one previously given when his men
were mustered in Carlisle.
The Commissioners for the Propagation of the Gospel in
the Four Northern Counties thus report concerning George
Larkham : —
Newcastle
upon Tyne.
By the Comrs appointed by an Act of Parliament bearing date ye
first day of March 1649 for ye better propagacon of the Gospell in
the fower Northern Counties of Northumberland, Cumberland,
Westmorland and Durham ye third day of Noyember 1652.
Cockermouth. Whereas Mr. Georg Larkham being comended for a
godly & painefuU preacher & of able gifts and Knowledg for ye work
of the Ministry and of approved Conversacon for piety hath come
before us & upon tryall & examinacon of his gifts by divers godly
Ministers according to ye direcon of ye Parliamt is found fitt to
preach ye Gospell of Jesus Christ & to be duely qualified and gifted
for ye holy employmt These are therefore by vertue of ye power &
authority to us given by ye Parliamt to appoint and Constitute ye
said Mr. Georg Larkham Minister of Cockermouth in ye County of
Cmnberland And he is hereby appointed & Constituted Minester of
Cockermouth aforesaid And for his Support and maintennce It is
hereby appointed & ordered yt ye stipend paid by ye Lady ffletcher to
ye Minister of Cockermouth, ye tithes of Iveggill & ye rents in ye
Schedule hereunto annexed expressed and contained wth all other
dues & profits belonging to ye Minr of Cockermouth be vested &
settled upon ye said Mr. Georg Larkham & he is hereby invested in
ye same & as lawfully seized thereof to all intents and purposes as if
he had beene instituted & inducted according to any former Course of
Law.
Tho. Chomley Thc| Langhome, Cuth Studholme Geo Dawson Wm.
ffenwick Will Vane Hen. Horsley Jo. Ogle, Lu. Rillingworth Robt
Hutton Ed. Winter Tho. Craister.
Ex. & entd.
Ant. Parsons.
A Rentall for Mr. Geo. Larkham.
1644.
688
The Ejected of 1662
Mich, et Lady
Mich, et Lady
Eents due at
Martmas
Rents dew at
Andrew Day
rents due at
ye nativity of
or Lord God
rents at
Thanunciacon
rents due
at Easter
rents at
Pentecost
Spirituallites
Ruthland Swaden p tithe wool & Lamb
Chris. Dobson p Unthanke & Skiprig
Geo Dalston p tithes of Dalston
Mrs. Scott p. Linstock tithes
Tho Browham p tithes of brumsketh
Mr. Wm. Carleton p Newton tithes
ye tithes of Cardew
Sr ffrancis Howard p tithes of Penreth
03
00
00
02
01
03
01
20
Wm Briscoe p tithes of Stanix
Comersdall & Cronnston
Ruthland Swaden p tithe wool & Lamb
in Dalston
Sr Geo Dalston p litle Dalston
Chris Dobson p Unthanke & Skiprigg
Idem p tithes of Penreth
Willm Briscoe p tithes of Stanix
Cumersdall
Mrs Scott p Hnstocke tithes
Tho Browham p bransketh &
Mawby tithes
Cardew tithes
Mr Willm Carleton p Newton tithes
Arlecdon tithe
Jnerdale tithes
; 06 : 08
10 : 00
11 : 08
00 : 00
00 : 00
; 06 : 00
; 13 : 04
03:04
01 : 00 : 00
06 :08
11 :08
10:00
03:04
00 :00
00 :04
00 :00
13:04
:06 : 08
06:08
13 :04
57 : 03 : 04
Tho Craister, Cuth : Studholme,
Tho Langhorne Jo Crosthwaite
Edw. Winter.'
The following documents supply further information
about him and his living : —
Cockermouth. January 15th, 1654.
According to an Ordr of ye Comrs for ppagacon of ye Gospell in ye
fower Northerne Covmties of ye third day of November 1652 It is
ordered yt ye yearely Sume of fifty Seaven poundes three Shillinges
& fower pence be & ye Same is hereby Continued unto Mr. Georg
Larkham Minister of Cockermouth in ye County of Cumberland
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min), 1006.
Cockermouth 689
(approved &c) out of ye rents & profitts of ye tithes hereafter
menconed (vizt) ye yearely surne of Six poundes thirteene shillinges
& fower pence out of ye tithes of Rushland & Swaden & ye yearely
sume of one pound out of ye tithes of Unthank and Skyrigg & ye
yearely Sume of one pound three shillinges & fower pence out of ye
profits of ye tithes of Little Dalston & ye yearely Sume of two
poundes out of ye profits of ye tithes of Stannix Comersdall &
Bromston & ye yearely sume of Twenty poundes six shillinges &
eight pence out of the profits of ye tithes of Penreth & ye yearely
Sume of Six poundes & thirteen Shillinges & fower pence out of ye
profits of ye tithes of Cadiew & ye yearely Sume of five poundes &
six shillinges & eight pence out of ye profits of ye tithes of Arlingdon
& ye yearely Sume of fower poundes thirteene Shillinges & fower
pence out of ye profits of ye tithes of Inerdale & ye yeariey Sume of
fower poundes out of ye profits of ye tithes of Lynstock & ye yearely
sume of two poundes out of ye profits of ye tithes of Brunsketh &
Mawby being all within ye County of Ctmiberland & in all amounting
to ye yearely sume of fifty Seaven poundes three shillinges & fower
pence ye same to be continued & payd to ye said Mr. Larkham from
time to time for such time as he shall discharge ye duty of ye
Minister of ye said place or till further ordr of ye said Trustees
togeather wth all arreares of ye said yearely sume of fifty Seaven
poundes three shillinges and fower pence to him due out of ye
pmisses by order of ye Comrs aforesaid of ye third of November 1652.
Jo. Thorowgood Ri Sydenham Jo. Humfrey E. Hopkins Ra Hall
Rich. Yong.i
Cockermouth
& May 14. 1655.
Bridkirk.
Ordered yt ye Clark deliver up ye Originall ordrs of ye Comrs for
ye flower Northerne Counties to ]\Ir. Geo. Larkham Minr. of Cocker-
mouth in ye County of Cumberland & to Mr. Geo. Benson ^linr. of
Bridkirk in ye said County keeping true Copyes of ye Same.^
George Larkliam's marriage at Bridekirk to Dorothy,
eldest daughter of Lancelot Fletcher of Tallentire Hall,
is thus recorded in the Registers of that Church : —
1652 Sept. 29 Georgius Larkham et Dorothea ffletcher nupt.
Through this marriage he became connected, directly or
indirectly, with Richard Gilpin, whose eldest son, William,,
married Mary, eldest daughter of Henry Fletcher;
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 972.
2. Ibid., 1008.
A S
690
The Ejected of 1662
Nathaniel Burnand, the Ejected Minister of Brampton,
who married Margaret Gilpin, sister to Richard ; Matthias
Partis, who married (1) Susannah Gilpin, daughter of
Richard, and (2) Ann, daughter of Henry Fletcher,
through whom Tallentire Hall came into the possession
of Matthias Partis ; Jerome Waterhouse, Rector of Grey-
stoke, Gilpin's wife being the Rector's granddaughter, and
even with Bishop Nicolson.
George Fox's visit to Cockermouth and Brigham, in
1653, is named elsewhere.^ In addition he says : —
On first day I went to the steeple-house at Cockermouth where priest
Larkham lived. When he had done I began to speak, and the people
began to be rude : but the soldiers told them we had broken no law, and
they became quiet. Then I turned to the priest, and laid him open
among the false prophets and hirelings : at which word he went his way
saying "he calls me hireling," which was true; all the people knewit.2
This visit was preceded by one to Embleton in reference
to which we have the following account : —
SevraJl Priests there met to Oppose the Testymony of truth, one of
which was John Stubbs, and as G ff was speaking, That the pure in
heart shou'd see god I witness it, sd he, at which words Jno Stubbs
was Convinced ; and there was a bundance of people convinced yt
day, for the Lord's power went over all. There being one George
Larkam, an independent priest, who cryed, saying,
"Where is this ffox yt Deceives the people? Jle Katechise him."
And when he mett G : fT, he askt him, what god was.
G :ff replyed, "The word."
"I Deny yt " sd G : L.
G : ff replyed, ' ' Take notice, people, he denyes the Scripture, ' In
the beginning was the word and the word was with god, and the
word was god ' " ; to wch G : L. was silent and confounded. So after
yt he passed on to Cockermo steeple house on a first day, where he
spoke to ye people, who were Eude, but the Souldiers told them they
had broke noe law. Then the people were quiet : and he spoke to the
priest and laid him open.'
The Restoration produced an almost immediate change
1. Vide p. 122.
2. Journal, p. 98.
3. First Publishers of the Truth, p. 33.
Cockennouth 69 1
at Cockermoutli : for it is recorded that on Aug. 26, 1660,
George Larkliain ceased " to preach, in the Public Place
at Cockermouth one Picharby being put in, by Sir George
!Fletcher." The people of the town, however, to whom
George Larkham's services had become so helpful, en-
deavoured to retain him as the following shows : - —
The Inhabitants of the town of Cockermouth, gave me a call in
public to be their Minister (nemine contradicente) notwithstanding
Sir George Fletcher's Discharge : and they sent a letter to him by
Robert Bowes, signed by several hands, to signify as much. The
Lord bless me to them, if I shall continue to preach among them,
Amen.'
His Ejection, however, was effected, as the following two
entries, one from the Church Book and the other from his
Journal, testify : —
November 15 1660 The Pastr, Geo Larkham, was eiected from the
publicke place at Cock, by the violence of Sr George Fletcher.^
Nov. 15. [1660] I was put forth of Cockermouth Public Meeting Place,
by an order from Sundry Commissioners sitting at Mr Lamplugh's
house in Cockermouth.^
George Larkham took leave of his people on the 18th
•of November, 1660, preaching from Heb. iii, 2, and the
following day went to Culgaith. During the dark days
which ensued, he appears to have moved much about to
escape his persecutors. At one time we read of him being
at Papcastle, then at Dearham, and again at Broughton.
" On July 17th [1663]," says he, " understanding there was
a warrant forth against me, to bind me over to the Assizes
I took my journey that morning to Broughton Tower in
Lancashire." * This was the residence of Poger Sawrey,
an old Cromwellian soldier, " praying Sawrey," as he
came to be called. " Brother Sawrey " is several times
noted in the Church Book as being present at meetings
of the Cockermouth Church ; and his home, like Hoghton
1. Lewis's Hist., p. 28.
2. MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
3. Lewis's Hist., p. 28.
4. Ibid., p. 30.
692 The Ejected of 1662
Tower in Lancashire, served as a " shelter " for the outed
Ministers " in the time of storm." After a brief sojourn
at Broughton Tower, he went " to Booth to my Aunt
Sandy's house" ; and thence to " Gomersal in Yorkshire, to
my Aunt Pollard's." Joined here by his wife and one of
his sons, a brief stay resulted in his being found by his
pursuers, taken to York, lodged in prison for five weeks,
and in his Journal under date Oct, 12, 1665, he says: —
My imprisonment cost me out of purse exactly in all £7. 10. 1. 1
This was a large sum as money was then valued. After
an absence of about five years " he made his returne into
this country and sate down wth his family at Egremond
the 23rd of Aprill, 1668." A meeting held, on the
15th of May following, at John Bell's house in
Embleton, was disturbed by Robert Rickerby, the restored
Incumbent, " in a furious maner," whose " mischievous
intendmt," however, was " frustrated." Publicly when
possible, privately when it could not be otherwise, he
held meetings for worship during the greater part of
this period; and, though he and his people risked
considerably in so doing, it would appear that the Church
had much more immunity from disturbance and loss than
was the case with the sister Church at Kirkoswald.
Possibly this was due to the influence of the Fletchers and
Eaglesfields. His home was at Tallentire, and it was
there that the Church was accustomed to meet.
His name appears both in the Conventicle Returns and
the Presentation Lists ; and, in 1672, he licensed a house
at " Hameshill " for " Presbt " worship. This was the
residence of " Sister Hutton," and not of George Larkham
himself, as the License states. The Church Book says : —
June 2. 1672 The Pastr read his Licence from ye King giving him i
liberty to preach to his Congregaon at ye house of Sister Hutton at
Hemeshill.
Respecting this place Mr. Lewis says : —
Hemshill is no longer [1870J what it was in the days of Mr. Lark-
ham, when its mansion, occupied by Sister Hutton, received and
1. Lewis's Hist., p. 31.
Cockermouth 693
sheltered him and his people from the fury of the oppressor. The
locality is situated at the corner of the Carlisle road on the right
hand leading from Cockermouth.'
In tMs year lie tlius writes : —
I have lived wth my wife Twenty yeares, she hath borne me eleven
children Four sonnes and seven daughters. Three sonns & four
daughters are living.
Blessed be God.
The Lord is good, & to be blest,
Let my heart in his goodnes rest.
The following yeare pvide o Lord
That I may still thy praise record ;
0 Let me do thy worke, and still
Conforme my selfe unto thy will,
Living to thee whilst yt I live.
Giving to thee what thou dost give.
Thus Sings his unworthy Servt.
• G. Lm. Sept. 26.
1672. 2
George Larkham lived to see happier days, and his
labours, which were continued in Cockermouth and neigh-
bourhood until his death, were crowned with abundant
success. Writing to Sir D. Fleming, Oct. 8, 1681, Richard
Lowry, the Crosthwaite Vicar, says : —
Mr. Larkin of Tallentire has fixed upon you an aspersion that you
had said in Conversation with him that the clergy of the Church of
England were the only or greatest reproach of and disgrace to the
Kingdom he also Said that the best in rank and Character were
among his adherents, including yourself. I cannot believe it.
Sir Daniel's reply, four days after, would hardly be quite
satisfactory to his correspondent : —
I have often said that diverse of our ecclesiastical officers do deserve
punishment for their exactions and extortions, and that several of
our clergy should be endicted for not reading of the Common Prayer
as they should do, but I never spake such words as you write. 3
The Dearham Registers have the following interesting
entry : —
Jonathan the Son of John Cuthbert.son was baptized as they say by
Mr. Larkham a Brownist the 5th of January 1692.
1. Lewis's Hist., p. 34.
2. Larkham MSS.
3. The Fleming MSS., H. M. C, Twelfth Report, p. 183.
694
The Ejected of 1662
The following beautiful and pathetic letter from his pen
has been discovered in the Birch MSS : —
Tallantyre June 11.
Deare Sr. 1698.
Yours of the 7th Jnstant to Dr. Gilpin (to be Comunicated &c. by
you transcribed and to me transmitted) weare received Thursday
night, J would say on Wensday night.
As to the proposals, J can at present say little to them ; I doe expect a
further & fuller account of them, and the conjunction and concurrence
and I have onely this to say now, That I am pleased with th* designe
of those many Serious and worthy psons (as is signifyed) For the
pmoving the interest of Religion, and the Reformaon of manners
And I shall readily Further the desigiae according to my capacity and
Circumstances. For my part I am aged and further (as you take
notice in yours) I am continually exercised wth a paineful and
decaying infirmity ; And therefore am not like long to be useful &c.
I am sore put to it nowe to get to Cockermouth to my worke, on Ld»
dayes ; Ride I have not been able now this half yeare ; I have been
forced to Foot it (or rather as I may say like a Snail creeping) ; The
which Footing issues in the increase of a whole weekes paine after ;
Thus I canot hold out; Therefore that I yet may be (whiles my day
lasts) Serviceable to my people, I have taken a house at Cockermth
purposing (if the Lord pmit) to fall into my grave in the psence of all
my Brethren and concionantem mori &c.
Sr. I am thankful to you For your Fraternal sympathy •. I hope when
such a weake & worthless instrumt is removed (after a wildemes
travel 47' yeares &c) God will be with you, and others whom he is-
able to and shall raise up &c.
I am glad Soe hopeful an Elihu (like a new Star) appeares in your
Horison ; may he have the mantle of Elijah if he shall be in his stead
&c. I have not Further (Deare Sr) but my best respects and Cordial
Love to yor whole Selfe, and to begg that the Ld. may prosper you
in your (or rather his) work — Farewel. Let him be remembered by
you who is (Sr) Your decaying & pained Brother
George Larkham.
For the Revrd
Mr. James Coningham
in Penrith
These.
[In another hand the following] :
This worthy Person was Vicar of Cockermouth in Cumber'land till
'62 yt he and many hundreds were turned out. He continued his
Relation to that People, till his death wch happened 1700.^
1. This would represent the length of his ministry.
2. Birch MSS. 4276, fol. 18 (Brit. Mus.).
Cockermouth 695
His death occurred in Dec. 1700, his Church Book being
continued by him to within a month of his departure. It
contains the following testimony concerning him by a
later hand : —
Nov. 24, 1700, being Ld's day, the pastr spoak from John 9, 4,
wch was his last sermon on yt Subject he was sorely aflicted, by
Keason of the Stone & gravell so that he Departed this life 26
Decembr in the 71 year of his age haveing been Pastor over this
Congregation Above 49 yeares. thus this Chojce Laborious Divine
An Eminent Servant of Jesus Christ after he had faithfully Served
his Genration work & faithfully Descharged his pastorall office
Departed in peace. His last words were; "Lord remember my poor
Brethren in ffrance" : his Corpse was Intered in Bridkirk Church, the
27th Dec. 1700.
Calamy says that he was " a man of brisk Parts and a
bold Temper till the latter part of his Life, when he grew
more Pensive." His children were: —
Mary born Jan. 12. 1654 on a Thursday " between ten and eleven
at night 1654 at Tallantire" died April 1656 [vide Bridekirk Registers].
Thomas born at Tallentire June 16. 1655 " between nine & ten
of the clock in the morning, on a Saturday."
Dorothy born Wednesday Dec. 30. 1656 at Cockermouth "between
eight and nine at night." Died Oct. 1. 1661.
Deliverance born at Cockermouth June 9. 1658 Friday " between
eight and nine at night."
Mary second daughter of that name born at Cockermouth Wednes-
day Feb. 15. ibbO "between nine and ten in the morning."
Lancelot born Nov. 29. 1661 at Cockermouth on the Lord's Day
"between seven and eight of the clock in the morning."
Margaret bom at Gomersal Dec. 29. 1663 at "twelve o clock at
night on a Tuesday."
Eliza bom May 22. 1665 at Gomersal " about one in the afternoon
upon a Monday." Died like Dorothy of Small pox Feb. 2. 1666.
" Lies buried in Birstal Choir, by her great grandmother Water-
house." [Lewis's Hist., p. 148.]
Patience born at Heckmondwike Dec. 16. 1666, "about noon on a
Lord's Day."
Jane born Aug. 24. 1668 " about one or two of the Clock in the
morning " Monday at Egremont. Buried April 29. 1673. [Vide
Bridekirk Registers.]
George born Jan. 26. 1670-1 baptized at Tallentire privately March
26. Buried March 26. 1672. [Vide Bridekirk Registers.]
Henry born at Tallentire and baptized May 16. 1673. Buried Sep.
6. 1674. [Vide Bridekirk Registers.]
696
The Ejected of 1662
His Church Book, written in a small, neat hand, is
carefully treasured by the Cockermouth Church. Extracts
from it, copies of Letters, notes of a Sermon, and extracts
from the fragment of his Journal, are printed in the
" History of the Cockermouth Church, by the E.ev. Wm.
Lewis.
George Larkham's name does not appear in the
Baxter Letter of 1653, but it does in James Cave's ordina-
tion Certificate, and he preached a sermon at Cockermouth
to the Associated Ministers on ^ay 10, 1654. In
the " Journal of the Life, Travels, &c. of that Worthy
Elder & Faithful Servant of Jesus Christ, James Dicken-
son " is a reference to George Larkham, in the usual style
of the Quakers of that time. James Dickenson, who died
in 1741, in the 83rd year of his age, was born at Low
Moor in the Parish of Dean. He belonged to the Pard-
shaw Meeting, and tells about " going to Tallentire to the
Presbyterians' Meeting." Soon after he was moved to go
to the Baptist Meeting at Broughton, when " John Palmer
the Elder bid him begone out of his House," because he
was speaking. After some time —
A certain concern came upon me to go and speak to George Lark-
ham, a Presbyterian Preacher at Tallentire. ... So I went in the
Fear of the Lord into George Larkham's House : As soon as he saw
me, he was in great Fury and Rage and asked me what Business I
had there? I told him — My Business was to clear my Conscience in
the Sight of God, which I desired he would suffer me to do ; but he
in great Rage ran into an upper Room and Ordered me to be put out,
for I was a Quaker ; his wife being also in a great Passion said There
was a great Fault of the Magestrates in not putting such Fellows as
I in the Stocks ; which shewed the Bitterness of her Spirit that she
only wanted Power to follow the Example and imitate the Barbarity
of her Brethren in New-England. Then George Larkham came down
in great Fury and asked why they had not put me forth? Then I
desired him (if he was a Christian) to show his Moderation as a
Christian ; then he charged me with saying that he was no Christian ;
which I told him was false. Then he said, Some of my Persuasion
had said it ; I bid him charge them with it. and not me falsely ; then
he took me by the Shoulders and thrust me out of the House (as his
Followers had done before) and as I was going out I spoke to him
Cockermouth 697
what I had upon my Mind : So as I came away in much Peace,
feeling the Lord to over-shadow me with his living Presence, which
filled my Heart with Praises to his Name.'
Very different is the testimony given in the following :
A Description of a Gospel Church &c
John Whitside
By a Member of and in Communion with that Church in New
Street, London ; but Formerly a Member of a Church at Cocker-
mouth in Cumberland.
At the foot is the following : —
The gift of Mr. Richard Dover Given May 14. 1713.
The book was " Printed at the Bible in Newgate Street
1712"; and in the Preface the author says : —
I shall now set forth the Heads of the Book, and let either
Parochial, Presbyterian, Quaker, Anabaptist, Antinomian or Arm-
inian read it.
His epistle is to : —
The Church of Christ at Cockermouth in Cumberland ; and to all
and every Member thereof, the author wisheth all Spiritual Blessings
and Blessedness ; even Life and Peace, Rest and Joy for Evermore.
In this epistle he says : —
I reciev'd my first Birth of the New Creature, Grace of Life there
[Cockermouth] and was taken into Fellowship and Communion with
you about Twelve Month before I came to London, which is near five
and thirty years ago. And I desire to wonder and admire at free
Grace that brought me under Mr. Egglesfield's and ]\Ir. Larkum's
Ministry, when my wretched State and miserable Condition by
Nature was discover'd, and the only way of Salvation by Jesus Christ
reveal'd, I say, I cannot but admire at that goodness that brought me
, under such an eminent faithful and powerful Ambassador as Mr.
Larkum, whom I ever highly esteem love and reverence as one well
furnished in his work of Preaching and also in Expository Divinity ;
but he is gone to possess the Fulness of that Love and Joy of which
he had a Taste before : and when I think what he was, and how he
liv'd these words are brought in upon my Mind, The memory of the
1. Copy in the Jackson Library, Carlisle.
698 The Ejected of 1662
just is blessed, but the name of the wicked shall rot. I am glad, God
has so well provided for you in giving you such an able and faithful
Minister as I was told of when I was in London. 1
George Larkham's Will, dated Jan. 10, 1699-lTOO, is as
follows : —
Will of George Larkham.
This tenth day of January one thousand six hundred and ninety
and nine in the eleventh year of the reigne of William the third of
England Scotland France and Ireland King &c Doe 1 George Larkham
of Cockermouth in the County of Cumberland, ^Minister of the Gospel,
make this my last will and Testament (writing it with mine own hand,
and Sealing it with my usual Seal) In Maner and forme Following : —
In short (having bequeathed my Soul into the hands of my blessed
Eedeemer, And my body to the earth to be decently interred, when
my Soul shall be seperated from it &c) Thus doe dispose of my
remaining wordly substance (Having none but little left to live upon
in old age j And it is much I should have what I have, my Condition
in the world, and my circumstances being considered, and having
considerably portioned all my children &c) I say Thus doe I despose
of my remaining wordly substance.
This is my will (that there may be no quarrelling among mine after
my death but that they may live in love, and not envy one another
&c I say. This is my will) made after addresse to God for direction &c.
Imprimis my will is That my eldest Son Deliverance have all my
books and papers of all sorts, reserved carefully for him, and given
to him, or his order; only I desire my Son will give Grandchild
Larkham Bowes all the School Books if he take to be a Scoller
Itm My will is and I doe hereby bequeath to my Son Lancelot for a
Legacy Ten pound ; Itm to his Son Thomas (my Grandchild) Ten
pound. To be due for him ; in order to his bringing up to some trade ;
And I hope his parents will not defraud him &c.
Itm I give to my daughter Margaret Osmotherly Ten pound for a
Legacy ; I also give to her husband for a Legacy one of my mourning
Rings, Item I give to my Daughter Patience Langdale (living at
Leverpoole in Lancashire) for a Legacy Ten pound.
Item to the poore members of the particular Congregation I have
gone before neer fifty years Twenty Shillings To be desposed by the
Deacons &c
Item I give to my Fatherlesse Grandchild Anne Hewetson for a
Legacy ten pound to be improved for her
The remainder of all my Substance I give to my Daughter Mary
Bowes who is my cherisher now in my old age, and who hath the
1. Copy in the Jackson Library, Carlisle.
Cockermouth 699
greatest charge, whom I make appoint and Constitute sole Executor
of this my last will and Testament. To which I subscribe my hand
the day & yeare above menconed
Geo : Larkham
Published before us
George Bowes
Tho : Stanger
Joseph Peill
Samuel Hovid.
The Bond is dated March 17, 1700, and mention is made
in it of " Mary now wife of John Bowes who is to perform
the last will of the said George Larkham.'' Deliverance
Larkham, his son, was trained for the ministry at Richard
Frankland's Academy, and invited to assist his father at
Cockermouth ; but he accepted an invitation to Launceston
in Cornwall. Bishop Nicolson in his Diary, under date May
20, 1684, tells about being on " SciddaAv wth 2 Fletchers,
Crisp, Dykes, &c., Mr. Eglesfield and D. Larkha " whom
he describes as somewhat " Whiggish " in his speech about
Parliament. He adds " Mr. Egl. acquainted me yt ye
Saltpans at Canonby were worth 40Z per Annu; & yt
Himself had often proffer'd to farm ym so wthout Coal." ^
In a letter to Walker " Nath. Beard " of "Tavystoke, July
ye 13, 1704," refers him for information about Thomas
Larkham to his " granson " Deliverance Larkham, "now
in Exon a dessenting teacher either among the presbv-
terians, or Independants or Anabaptists, for he hath been
ye round." ^ Deliverance Larkham died Pastor of the
Exeter Congregational Church in 1723.^
Egbert Rickerby, 1660—1679/80.
His signature in the Registers, almost immediately
after his restoration, is large and bold; and it is not
difficult to imagine its being written with a distinct
feeling of triumph. As he had probably not been epis-
copally ordained with the approach of St. Bartholomew's
1. Trans. (N. S.), vol. i, p. 11.
2. Walker MSS., C. 2, fol. 294.
3. "Vide Oliver Heywood's Diaries, by Horsfall Turner, vol. iv, p.
308; and James's Presbyterian Chapels, &c., p. 687.
yoo The Ejected of 1662 *
Day he took the necessary measures for his security.
He was ordained Deacon Aug. 2, 1662, by George,
Bishop of Chester, and Priest the same day; his license
to serve the Cure at Cockermouth was accepted by Dr.
Bur well for the Archbishop of York, Oct. 16, 1662.
Similarly his license to preach through the whole of
E-ichmond. He subscribed the Declaration Aug. 16, 1662,
in presence of " Geo. Cest. Epo," and again before Dr.
Burwell Oct. 16, 1662. He was also licensed as Curate of
Lorton July 6, 1665.^ The following letter from his pen
to Sir Joseph Williamson is self explanatory : — -
Honoured Sr
Tho. a mere stranger as to face yet (as duty binds mee) I must not
sitt silent under so great an Obligacon, but returne you thanks (wch
is all I can doe) for ye 2 exhibicons you were pleased to Conferr on ye
Schollers at Dovenby ; works of this Nature (as we generally find)
are no news to ye Noble & most generous desposicons ; All ye
Countrey you have made yr Debtours. Most worthy Sr I shall but
desire ye Seasonable opportunity wherein I may declare my utmost
Endeavours to Serve you or yrs pray excuse my Incivility on omitting
so long my duty of thanks. And however I am yr most unworthy of
all yr Servants yet still I am
yr dayley Remembrancer att
the throne of Grace
Robert Rickerby.
Cockermouth
Septemb. 4th ffor ye Worsfull
1671. Joseph Williamson Esq.
These
[Outside] Cockermouth.
Ro : Rickerby 4th Sept. 71.
Re : 7th. 2
At the Bishop's Visitation, June 30, 16T4, he " appeared
and exhibited," Peter Murthwaite doing so also as
" Ludimagister " and Eich. Pearson as Parish Clerk.
Rickerby seems to have been most aggressive against
the Nonconformists after his return, and many of George
Larkham's troubles were due to his instigation. He held
1. The Visitation Books (Chester Registry).
2. S. P. Dom., Car. ii, 292, p. 168.
Cockermouth 701
the living until his death in 1679. The following entries^
appear in the Registers of Cockermouth : —
1662 Charles son of ASlr. Robert Rickerby bapt. decemb. ye 19th.
1665 Grace the daughter of Mr. Robert Rickerby July 13th.
1675 Mrs Jane Rickerby wife of Mr. Robert Rickerby Minr of
Cockermouth was bury'd June ye 15th.
Mr. Robert Rickerby Batchelour of Arts Son of Mr. Robert
Rickerby Minister of Cockermouth was Buryed July ye 11th 1675
Anno Aetatis suae vicesimo tertio.
John Rickerby Son of Mr. Robert Rickerby Minister of Cocker-
mouth was buryed January ye 1st 1674-5.
Joseph son of Mr. Robert Rickerby was baptized May ye 14th 1677.
1679 Mr. Robert Rickerby Minister of Cockermouth was buried'
ffriday being ye 20 of ffebruary.
1685 Joseph the son of Mr. Robert Rickerby was buried May 3rd.
Hutchinson gives the date of Robert Rickerby's death-
as February, 1699 ; and states that in this year Thomas
Jefferson succeeded to the living. Whellan proceeds upon
the same assumption, while J^icolson and Burn dismiss
Cockermouth Church in a sentence or two, mentioning the'
name of no Incumbent. Hutchinson's error has led to'
considerable confusion, and been quite a stone of stum-
bling to subsequent writers. His statement is as follows :
Robert Rickarby, who was incumbent before the civil war, was
suspended during the usurpation by George Larkham, an indepen-
dent : at the Restoration, Rickarby recovered his church, died in
February 1699, and was buried in Cockermouth. He was succeeded
by Thomas Jefferson, A.M. of Queen's College, Oxford, who died in
February 1768 and was buried at Cockermouth. Since that time no
one has been nominated to this church. It is remarkable that there
have been only two incumbents since the year 1640.'
As usual with writers of this type George Larkham does
not count, though he held the living about ten years.
The fact to which Hutchinson calls attention would indeed
be remarkable if it were a fact; but it has already been
shown that Robert Rickerby died in 1679, and so had been
in his grave 20 years in 1699. It is not difficult, however,,
to see how the mistake occurred. The Registers had been
wrongly read, and an inspection of them will at once show
1. Hutchinson, vol. ii, p. 118.
702 The Ejected of 1662
how easy it is to do that. The third figure in the date of
Rickerby's death, the figure 7, is very similar in appear-
ance to the 9 which follows, but close examination reveals
its true character. It is, moreover, among the 1679
entries. Nor can the Registers have been carefully con-
sulted or the names of, at least, two other Incumbents
preceding Jefferson would have been easily discovered.
Gawin Noble, 1679—1691.
The Episcopal Register notes his appointment as Teacher
to Appleby School in the following terms : —
January 17. 1673-4.
License to Mro. Gavino Noble Hyopdidascalo Scholae de Apulby
in Comitat. Westmland ad erundien pueros quocunq loco infra Dioc.
Carlien Subscrip, prius Articles declaracone de jure requirisit.
He was granted a license as "Ludimagister liberae Scholae"
at Cockermouth, by John, Bishop of Chester, May 20, 1676,
and subscribed the declaration the same day. He was
ordained Deacon May 26, 1678, being described as
" literatus " " Dio Cest.," and Priest by John of Chester
June 6th, 1680. At least three years before 1679 he was in
Cockermouth, and may have been acting as Curate for
Robert Rickerby. Over the old doorway of the Grammar
School, of which Richard Tubman, a leading resident, and
Richard Lowry, the Yicar of Crosthwaite, were governors,
was an inscription which stated that it was founded in
1676 ; and a stone within declared that " Gavenus Noble,
1676," was " primus Gymnasiarcha hujus Scholse." Gawin
Noble's marriage is thus given in the Workington
Registers : —
1677 Mr. Gaw. Noble & Mrs. Elz. ffletcher both of Cockermouth
Mar. p. Lie. Dec. 13.
The Cockermouth Registers contain the following
entries relating to him : —
1678 Isabella daughter of Mr Gawen Noble was baptized Septem.
ye 4th.
1681 Barbara ye daughter of Mr. Gawen Noble Minister of Cocker-
mouth bapt Dec. 5.
Cockermouth 703
Elizabeth the daughter of Mr. Gawen Noble Minister of Cocker-
mouth was bapt. Nov. 15. 1683.
1685 George the Son of Mr. Gawen Noble Minister of Cockermouth
bapt. March 2.
1690 Thomas the son of Mr. Gawen Noble minister of Cockermouth
Sept. 17. 1690 Baptized.
1691 William the son of Mr. Gawen Noble Minister of Cockermouth
baptized Oct. 14.
Gawin Noble removed to Great Orton about 1691 where
he remained until his death. ^ The Cockermouth
Transcripts for 1689 — 1690 are signed by Gawin Noble,
Minister ; and the Presentment for 1690 says : —
We have in our church a Comon prayer book and Great Bible.
And a Eegister book of parchment as is required. Our Minister (to
ye best of our observation) is a man of Sober, Chast, just and
unblameable life, and doth performe all things required.
Our parish clerk is aged above one and twenty, can read and write,
as to his diligence in his place, and sobriety of conversation he hath
been often warned and we have some hopes he will take warning.
Master of our ffree School we believe is duely Licensed. We know
no other Schoolmaster who teacheth in our parish being Unlicensed. 2
Peter Gregory, B.A., 1691/2.
He certainly was here in that year, for he is described
as " of Cockermouth " in a list of preachers at Camerton
in March 1691-2.
The 1692 Presentment says : —
We have a paper book containing the names of strangers yt
preached in our Church ; we know not whether the dessenters in our
parish have certifyed the place of their worship to the Bishop, or
whether they have Subscribed the Articles & declaration required by
ye late Acts. 3
He signs the Transcripts as Curate of Cockermouth in
1696, and it appears that he also supplied Camerton.
Hence the following Presentment under date 1696 : —
Our Minsr doth Supply at Camberton but takes care yt none but
who are duely qualifyed officiate for him here as we really believe.*
1. Vide p. 232.
2. Lancaster Transcripts. '
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid.
704 The Ejected of 1662
The Registers record the christening of a son the year
following : —
1697 William Son of Mr. Peter Gregory Min. born October 28. and
christened November 9th.
Peter Gregory held the living of Uldale at the same time,
and the following references to him are in the Diaries of
Bishop Nicolson : —
1702 Aug. 26. At Kirkby there met by Mr. Gregory who desir'd
me to think ot some body for Cockermouth wch he would resign in
such manner as to bring in my man.
Aug 29 Mr Gregory din'd wth me : And Mr. Clark (Curate at
Crosthwt) pitched upon for Cockermouth. i
In a note the Editor of these Diaries says : —
Peter Gregory B.A. was rector of Uldale 1697 ; he held that living
to his death 1719. I do not understand the reference to Cocker-
mouth. According to Whellan, Thomas Jefferson was incumbent of
Cockermouth from 1699 ; and Mr. Jefferson of Cockermouth is
mentioned in the Diary June '.ib. 1705. 2
The confusion is due to the error in the date of Robert
Rickerby's death to which reference has already been
made ; and it is not a little surprising that respectable
writers should ever quote Whellan as an authority in these
matters. 3 Peter Gregory resigned about 1705. In the
early part of this year he sought to obtain the Dean living
but did not succeed. He retained Uldale, however, and
in addition had the Curacy of Bassenthwaite until his
death. *
1. Trans. (N. S.), vol. ii, pp. 178, 179; Clarke was not appointed.
2. Ibid., p. 178.
3. These Diaries are a curious collection of English, German and
Latin ; but they are exceedingly valuable for the student. They appear
in the first five volumes of the "Cumberland and Westmorland Transac-
tion (N.S.)," the Editor being the late Bishop of Barrow. They are
well worth publishing in separate form with the Latin and German
passages translated. Read in conjunction with the Bishop's " Miscel-
lany, &c." the picture which they give of the character of the Clergy
during the opening years of the 18th Century is distressingly sad.
4. Vide pp. 557, 675.
Cockermouth 705
Thomas Jefferson, M.A., 1705 — 1768.
Foster gives him as John, which however is incorrect.
He states that he was the son of John Jefferson of Kendal
" paup " and that he matriculated at Queen's College,
Oxford, Oct. 24, 1687, aged 18 years, taking his B.A. in
1692. " Perhaps," says he, " 70 years vicar of Cocker-
mouth and died Feb. 5, 1768." ^ This, however, has been
shown to be a mistake. A sermon of his with the follow-
ing title is extant : —
A Thanksgiving Sermon
Preach'd the 29th of November
1759 at the Rectory of Lamplugh
on the taking of
Quebeck — By the Revd Mr.
Tho. Jefferson Minister
of Cockermouth.
Kendal.
Printed by Thomas Ashburner
And sold by Mary Cowley
in Cockermouth
MDCCLX.*
Hutchinson suggests that Jefferson was a native of Holm
Cultram, and states that his father was accustomed to
speak of his son, Tom, as a fine lad, " begotten in Cum-
berland, born in Wales, and bred in Scotland." Hutchin-
son describes him as an " odd man " and proceeds : —
On some particulajr Sunday of the year, we suppose on Rogation
Sunday, he constantly preached on the beauties of Flora. On these
occasions, he failed not to provide himself with a large bouquet of
flowers; and, taking it in his hand, he displayed it, with many
significant gestures, to his congregation, as he pronounced his annual
text, from the gospel of St. Matthew — "Solomon, in all his glory,
was not arrayed like one of these." After a forty years' residence
in his cure supposing his people not to be sufficiently attentive to
him, he lectured them in a sermon on this text, from the 95th
Psalm — "Forty years long have I been grieved with this generation."
. . . On the 1st of March, St. David's day, he always wore a leek ;
in token of his having been born, though by accident, in Wales. He
enjoyed an uncommon share of health and spirits till he was 95;
1. AI. Ox.
2. The Jackson Library, Carlisle.
A T
7o6
The Ejected of 1662
affecting to be offended with any one who thought him old — always
remarking on the occasion, that there was nothing old, but old boots
and old shoes, and here and there a chance old maid. Till within four
years of his death, he was remarkably active and agile ; and would
probably have continued so to the last, had he not unfortunately,
when upwards of ninety, been lamed by a fall from his horse ; and,
at the same time, caught a dangerous cold, by lying out all night
in winter on a common, as he was on a journey to pay his addresses
to a rich heiress in the county, not much more than twenty years
of age. He died in 1768.^
1. Hutchinson, vol. ii, p. 340 note.
II. BEIDEKIRK.
Bridekirk is about two miles from Cockermouth on th.e
south side of tlie Derwent. Bishop Nicolson, when he
visited the Church here in 1703, indulged in quite a wail
of sorrow over what he saw : —
The Quire has Rails but everything else (in and about it) looks
very scandalous. The Walls and Floor are most nasty ; and the
Leads very much decay'd and full of Drops. The Roof of the Vestry
is fallen in.'
It is, of course, quite otherwise to day. The Registers of
the Church, which is dedicated to St. Bridget, begin on
the second page of the volume in 1585 ; but upon the top
of the first is 1584. The page is quite illegible, except in
that particular, and that appears to have been added by a
later hand, though doubtless it is correct. The early
writing is somewhat faint, but decipherable, though the
characters are very minute. There is a full list of
Incumbents available, and the following fill up the
Century with which we are concerned : —
John Wheelwright, 1581 — 1625.
His burial is thus recorded : —
1625 Mr. Johannis Wheelwright, Eccliae de Bridekirke vicarius
sepult. fuit xvi die Martij Anno post inductionem suam 44 et aetatis
suae 88 expleto.*
The Wheelwrights were a numerous family in this neigh-
bourhood and prominent leaders of Nonconformity. Gawin
Wheelwright is mentioned as connected with the Broughton
Church in 1650,^ and John Wheelwright appears in the
Presentment Lists among other "Anabaptists."^
1. Miscel., p. 81.
2. Parish Registers.
3. Vide p. 622.
4. Vide p. 1357.
7o8
The Ejected of 1662
Joseph Williamson, 1625 — 1634.
He was ordained Deacon, being then " literatus," May
23, 1624, and instituted March 19, 1625, on a Presentation
by the King. Nicolson and Burn, however, give his
Presentation by " Henry Baxter, Sebergham, gentleman,
and Thomas Hutton of Hameshill, yeoman, assignes of Sir
Thomas Lamplugh Knight." ^ The following appears
in the Registers against his name : —
Nomina Omnium Baptizatorum Nuptorum ac Sepultorum in
parochia de Bridekirk Josepho Williamson vicario Anno institutionis
suae primo aetatis vicessimo septimo 1626.
Among baptismal entries appear these : —
1626-7 Februarii 14 Henricus filius Josephi Williamson clerici bapt
cuius.
1629 — 30, 25th Jana filia Josephi Williamson Clerici vie. de Bride-
kirk bapt.
1633 Aug. 4. Josephus fil. Josephi Williamson Cler. vicarij de
Bridekirk bapt.
An account of Joseph, afterwards Sir Joseph William-
son, Secretary of State, is given elsewhere. ^ The father
died in 1634 as the following shows : —
1634 Aug. 10. Josephus Williamson vicarias Sepult.
Nicholas Beeby, M.A., 1634—1649.
He was instituted Sept. 22, 1634, on a Presentation by
"Anto Lamplughe Ar." The Registers contain the follow-
ing baptismal entries : —
1636-7 January 12. Anthonius filius Nich. Beeby vicarij bapt.
1638-9 Janu. 2. Nicholas filius Nicholaij Beebye Vicaru bapt.
1643 Decemb. 13. Ellenor fil. Nich. Beeby Clerici bapt.
Foster gives the name of "Anthony Beebye" in his list
of Oxford graduates, and says that he was : — "ser. Queen's
Coll. matric. 15 June, 1657; B.A. 25 Feb. 1660-1; M.A.
1664, vicar of Dinton also Dinnington, Wilts, 1674, and of
Broughton Gifford 1685." ^ In all probability this was
the Anthony Beeby, whose baptism is recorded above.
1. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 100.
2. Vide p. 60.
3. Al. Ox.
Bridekirk 709
Nicholas Beeby was here in 1646 as we gather from the
following : —
Cumberland. Att &c. November 11. Anno Dni. 1646.
By vertue &c florty pounds be payd out of the profitts of the
Impropriate Rectory of Bridekirke in ye County of Cumberland
Sequestred from Sr. Henry ffletcher Delinquent to and for increase
of the Maintenance of Mr. Nicholas Beeby Minister of ye pish
Church of Bridekirk aforesaid The Viccaridge thereof being worth
but thirty pounds p. Annu And ye Sequestrators of ye pmisses are
required to pay ye same accordingly att such tymes and seasons of
ye yeare as ye said profitts growe due and payable.
Gilbt. Millington. 1
The name of Nicholas Beeby does not appear in Walker's
list, yet shortly after this, he must have been sequestered,
as his successor, George Benson, appointed in 1649, is
named as paying " fifths " to Ann Beeby in 1652. He did
not live to the Restoration as the following shows : —
1658 Aprillis 19. Nicholaij Beeby late Vicarij Sepult.
His wife survived him several years, and according to the
following burial entry she had her home at Tallentire : —
1673 Augusti 24 Anna Relicta Nicholai Beeby de Tallentyre nup.
vicarii sepult.
George Benson, 1649—1660.
The Registers contain the following : —
Nomina Omnivun Baptizatorum Nuptorum ac Sepultorum in
parochia de Bridekirk Georgio Benson vicario Anno Institutionis
suae primo Aetatis suae tricesimo primo 1649.
The pen has been put through part of this, but it is
repeated later with this addition : —
Georg Benson vicar
Ecclesiae
Bridekerkienses
paroch
Johis Watson
Gardianis
de
Tho palmer
Bridkirk
Rich. Dodgson
1649.
Christo Shepheard
His confirmation to the living by the Northern Commis-
sioners, in 1652, is given in the following documents
together with some information about his stipend : —
1, S.P. Dom. Inter. F. 1 (Record Office) : duplicated in Bodl. MS. 323.
7IO
The Ejected of 1662
Newcastle upon
Tine. Cumberland.
By ye Comrs for propagateing ye Gospell in ye fower Northeme
Counties of Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmorland & Durham
ye 3rd day of ffebruary 1652.
Bridkirk,
Whereas Mr. Gorg Benson hath addressed himselfe to us desireing
to be approved for ye work of ye Ministry & upon tryall & examina-
con of his gifts before us by divers Godly & able Ministers according
to ye rule of ye Act of Parliamt is found fitt to preach ye Gospell of
Jesus Christ & to be duely qualified & guiftted for yt holy employmt
& hath given us satisfaccon of his holy life & Conversacon & Con-
formity to ye p'sent Governmt These are therefore by vertue of ye
power & Authority to us given by ye parliamt to appoint & Consti-
tute ye said Mr. Benson Minr. of Bridkirk in ye County of Cumber-
land And he is hereby appointed & constituted Minr. of Bridkirk
aforesaid And for his Support and Maintennce It is ordered yt ye
vicaridge of Bridkirk paying out a fifth pte to Mrs. Anne Beeby &
twenty poundes out of Graystock and thirty poundes out of Bpps
rents according to ye rentall togeather wth the Gleab Landes houses
tithes rents issues & profits to ye same belonging be vested & settled
upon ye said Mr. Benson & he is hereby vested in ye same & as
lawfully seised thereof to all intents and purposes as if he had beene
instituted and inducted according to any formr. Course of Law.
Tho. Delawell P. Hodson Tho. Cholmley Jo. Middleton Geo. Dawson
Jo. Ogle Eobt Hutton Hen. Horsley Tho. Craister Jo. Studdert Lu.
Rillingworth Jo. Crosthwaite Edward Winter Tho. Langhorn
Exd. Ant. Parsons.
Imps. A rentall for Mr. Benson.
Mr. Henry Baxter p tithes of raughton Andr :et :purific 01 : 07 : 08
Mr. Jo. Salkeild p. tithes of Upmanby Andr :et :purific 08 : 00 : 00
Sr. ffra Howard p tithes of Ritherby Lam :et :Ann. 08 : 06 : 08
Idem p tithes of Crosby— Idem 02 : 13 : 04
Mr. Jo. Skelton p tithes of Ayketgate & Newclose
Ellen & purif. 02 : 10 : 00
The tennts of Castle Sowerby bapt & purific 13 : 17 : 11
Mr. Jo. Thomlinson p tithes Willonbed Mich et Ann 00 : 00 : 08
Jo. Nicholson p his tithe Mart & Whitt 00 : 00 : 04
Tot. 36 : 16 : 07
Cuthbert Studholme Tho. Craister
Tho Langhorne Edw. Winter
Jo. Crosthwaite.'
1. Lambeth MS. (Plund. Min.), 1006.
Bridekirk 711
Bridkerk. ffeb. 1, 1654.
In pursuance of an ordr of ye Comrs for ppagacon of ye Gospell in
ye fower Northern Counties of ye 3rd of ffebr 1652 It is ordered yt
ye yearely Sume of 36li 16s 07d be and ye same is hereby Graunted
to Mr. Georg Benson Minr of Bridkerk in ye County of Cumberland
(approved &c) out of ye rents & pfits of ye tithes hereafter menconed
(vizt) ye yearely Sume of one pound Seaven Shills & eight pence out
of ye pfits of ye tithes of Eaughton ye yearely Sume of 81 i out of ye
pfits of ye tithes of Upmanby ye yearely sume of 8li six shills &
eight pence out of ye pfits of ye tithes of Ritherby ye yearely sume
of 2li 13s 4d out of ye pfits of ye tithes of Crosby ye yearely sume of
2li 10s. out of ye pfits of ye tithes of Ayketgate & Newclose ye yearely
Sume of 13li 17s lid out of ye pfits of ye tithes of Castle Sowerby
ye yearely sume of eight pence out of ye pfits of ye tithes of Willon-
bed & ye yearely sume of 4d payable by John Nicholson all wthin ye
County of Cumberland & amounting in ye whole to ye yearely Sume
of 36li 16s 07d ye same to be continued & payd from time to time to
ye said Mr. Benson for such time as he shall discharge ye duty of
ye Ministr of ye said place or till further ordr of ye said Trustees
togeather wth all arreares of ye said yearely Sume of 361i 16s. 07d
to him due out of ye prmises by ordr of ye said Comrs of ye 3rd of
ffebruary 1652 And Mr. Edmund Branthwaite Recevr is hereby
appointed & authorized to pay ye same unto him from time to time
togeather wth ye said arreares
Jo. Thorowgood Ri Sydenham Edw. Cressett Ra Hall Jo Pocock. 1
The Registers give tlie names of the following children :
1650-1 ffebr. 10th Thomas fil. Georgii Benson de Bridekirk cler.
bapt.
1656 Jimij 6 Maria fil. Georgii Benson Clerici nat.
1660 Aprilis 18 Samuelis fil Georgii Benson vicarii sepult.
According to George Larkham's Register of baptisms
Samuel was baptized on March 5, 1653-4 : and Mary on
June 13th, 1656.2
The Bensons were a family of considerable position with
representatives about Kendal and Ambleside. Probably
it was a branch of this family that was resident in London
in the 16th Century. John Benson left that city for the
north about the end of Elizabeth's reign, and settled in
Great Salkeld, Cumberland. He had thirteen sons, from
the eldest of whom descended the late Lord Bingley. An
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 972.
2. MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
712
The Ejected of 1662
important branch, made its home in Kendal, whence sprang
Dr. George Benson, for some time Canon of Hereford,
whose son, again. Dr. George, Benson, was Canon of
Worcester and Dean of Hereford. The name of the
family is linked also with Dovenby, Broughton and Cock-
ermouth. Foster gives in his list of Oxford graduates : —
Thomas Benson son of Thomas of Cockermouth, also
Thomas Benson son of William of Broughton; while the
Bridekirk Registers give the following : —
1667 Julij 30 Elzabetha filia Mr. Thomae Benson de Dovenbia
Sepulta fuit.
George Benson, the Bridekirk Minister, was the youngest
of John Benson's thirteen sons ; and, owing to the evils of
the reign of Charles I. he entered the service of Parlia-
ment in its struggles with the King, and suffered consider-
ably in his fortune, particularly from the Scots, previous
to the battle of Worcester.^ He appears as one of the
seven Founders of the Congregational Church at Cocker-
mouth in 1651, being ordained a Teaching Elder, while
George Larkham was Pastor. His Ejection from Bride-
kirk took place Oct. 31, 1660, and is thus described in the
Cockermouth Church Book : —
This day, Bro : Geo : Benson, Teacher, was by an order under the
hands of five Comissionrs Sitting at Keswick, elected uniustly, from
his publike place, for denying (as was alleadged) the Baptism of
children — A known falsehood."
That passage shows that local influence was a large
determining factor in these matters : for in this case there
was no Sequestered Incumbent to claim the living,
Nicholas Beeby being dead ; while Sterne had not as yet
ascended the Episcopal throne at Carlisle. In George
Larkham's Diary these seems to be a little contradiction
in the matter of date : —
1. "Hist, of the Life of Jesus Christ" &c. by the late Rev. George
Benson, D.D., 1764, with Memoir by Thomas Amory. Copy in Jackson
Library, Carlisle.
2. MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
Bridekirk 7 1 3
April 15th (1661). My Brother Benson lost the Vicarage of Bride-
kirk. And by this means, the poor congregation is much straitened
as to liberty. 1
As Benson's successor was not instituted until some
time after October, it would appear that notwithstanding
his previous Ejection, he somewhat retained his position
at Bridekirk until the following year. He joined in the
ordination Certificate of James Cave in 1656; but neither
his name nor that of George Larkham appears in the
letter to Richard Baxter of date 1653, respecting the
Worcestershire Agreement. Calamy's account of him is
exceedingly meagre, only four lines being devoted to him.
To this Palmer adds a paragraph supplied by his illus-
trious descendant, Dr. George Benson in his " History of
the Life of Christ." Calamy says that after his Ejection
" he retir'd into Lancashire where he liv'd at Kellet and
Preachd in his House." ^ The Cockermouth Church Book,
under 1662, says: —
The 13th of ye sd month Bro Benson went from this part into his
owne country of Westmerland to live for a season, in regard of ye
difficulty of the times, That soe he might pvide for his family. The
church not being in a capacity to make pvision for him, as they
gladly would. 3
Here again there appears to be some discrepancy, but
probably the two passages refer to different periods
of life. It has already been shown that the Bensons were
resident in Kendal, several entries relating to the family
appearing in the Registers there; and it is certain that
George Benson lived there for some time. His License,
in 1672, was for his house in " Kirkbie Kendal," for
^' Presbyt " worship. The Cockermouth Church Book also
says : —
1676 Oct. 1. The Church broke bread together at ye Pastrs house
at Tallantyre : The pastr preacht from Luk 13. 24, in ye morning
part of the day, and Mr. Gilpin of New Castle exercised in ye
evening from ps 73, 28. The same day one James Sutton of Kendall,
1. Lewis's Hist., p. 146.
2. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 154.
3. MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
714 The Ejected of 1662
was ppounded and received — A good testimony of his life being given
by Bro Benson soiourning there : And he satisfying the elders as to
his faith. The Lord blesse this remote plant and cause him to
grow. 1
During this period George Benson retained his position
among the Cockermouth people, and the Church Book
notes several visits when " Brother Benson " "discoursed"
or " helped in the work of prayer." Subsequently he
removed to Kellet, and the Kenyon MSS. give among
meeting places for " Presbiterians " certified and recorded
in 1689, but appropriated to no particular persons : —
Mr. George Benson's house in Nether Kellet.
Certified by
Richard Willson
John Willson
William Brathwait 2
Whilst he was at Kellet he assisted in the ordination of
Robert Waddington, June 5, 1682, 3 who succeeded him
there, and subsequently was at Tockholes, near Blackburn.
Calamy^says that he " dy'd 1691 Aetat 76"; but the
Cockermouth Church Book in its list of deceased members
has the following : — " Mr. George Benson, Teacher 1692."
He ranks with George Larkham and Richard Gilpin in
his influence upon Cumberland Nonconformity. A
grandson of his was Dr. George Benson, who was born at
Great Salkeld in 1699, and became an eminent Noncon-
formist Minister, a distinguished Biblical scholar, and a
leader in the Arian naovement of the 18th Century.
Foster gives " Thomas Benson son of Tho. of Cockermouth,
vicar of Stanwix in 1705 and of Dalston 1714, and Canon
of Carlisle in 1716." ^ Probably this was another of his
grandsons, the baptism of the father, Thomas, being on
" fEebr. 10th 1650-1."
1. MS. Min. Bk., Cock. Ch.
2. H. M. C, 14th Report, Appendix, Pt. iv, p. 232.
3. Heywood's Diaries (Horsfall Turner), vol. ii, pp. 209 — 211.
4. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 154.
6. Al. Ox.
Bridekirk 7 t 5
In " The First Publishers of Truth " is a statement to
the effect that "Richard ffarnsworth Came in the moveings
of the Lord to Grayridge Chappell where one Benson, a
Preist, being then Preaching, And in the dread of the
Lord declared agst all hierling preachers that deceive the
people." ^ Unfortunately no date is given and there is
nothing to indicate who this "Priest" Benson was.
Samuel Grastie, M.A., 1660/1—1664.
He was presented by "Petrus Ward Med. Dr. et Ellinor
uxor," and his Institution is given in the Episcopal
Register thus : —
Institution of Samuel Grasty to Bridekirk, Master of Arts, March
6 first year of [Bishop Sterne's] Consecration 1660-1.
The Registers are our authority for the following : —
Nomina Omnium Baptizatorum, nupt. et sepult. in parochia de
Bridekirke Samuele Grasty vicario anno Institutionis suae secundo
Aetatis tricesimo Imo 1661.
He compounded for his First Fruits in 1660. The names
of the following children appear in the Registers : —
1662 Sep. 14. Eosa filia Samuelis Grasty clerici vie. de Bridekirke
bapt.
1663-4, Jan. 31. Lancelotus filius Samuelis Grasty vie. de Bride-
kirke bapt.
1664 Maii 4 Lancelotus Grasty infans sepult.
1664 Maii Eosa Grasty infans sepult.
Foster says: — "Grasty Samuel 'Ser.' Brasenose Coll.
matric. 14 June 1649; B.A. 8 Feb. 1652-3 (6 s. Thomas
of Warford, Cheshire), rector of Woodchurch, Cheshire,
until ejected 1662 : one Samuel Graysby or Grasby vicar
of Bridekirk, Cumberland, 1661, and of Brougham 1664."2
There can be little doubt that the Cheshire and Cumber-
1. P. 24.
2. Al. Ox.
7i6 The Ejected of 1662
land Grastie or Grasty were one and the same person. ^
Walker, under Woodchurcli, in Cheshire, says : — " One
Peter Burgher was Presented to this Living in 1654 : and
the same year I find one Samuel Grasty also upon it." ^
In Ormerod's " Cheshire " it is stated that Grastie appears
in the Parish Register as Pector in 1655, and he is "again
noticed as rector in 1659, but intruder in all the interme-
diate years." 2 His appointment to Woodchurch is given
in the following terms : —
Woodchurch
in Cheshire.
Samuel Grastey appointed by His Highnes — the living sequestred
from Mr. George Burges Dated Whitehall 19th day of August 1654.
Cert, by Ralph Hall of Knutsford Samuel Bruen Minr of ye Ghospell
Joh. Howe of Torrington Peter Adams of Stanney Nat. Stuke Philip
Grasby. 4
Calamy, as Poster suggests, places him in his list of
Ejected Ministers for Cheshire, under Woodchurch,
merely putting: — "Mr. Graisly or Graisty."^ Urwick
names him as one of his " ten ejected Nonconformist
Ministers in the Wirrall Deanery in 1662 " ; ^ and Dr.
Powicke similarly classes him. '^ It is extremely doubtful
1. Respecting the Grastie family Earwaker gives the following
details : — Thomas Grastie of Warford gent who was living in 1664
was then 80 years of age. By his wife Alice daughter of Henry Ellis
of Withington Co. Chester, he had 8 sons and 8 daughters, of whom
Thomas Grastie son and heir apparent died in his father's lifetime
leaving by Prudence his wife daughter of Thomas Hassall of Nantwich
one son, Thomas Grastie, described as of Warford and Withington heir
to his grandfather. This Thomas Grastie was 33 years of age in 1664.
The Grasties subsequently went to live at Warrington where they
appear to have engaged in trade. Children of Thomas Grastie Sen.
(1) Thomas, (2) John, (3) Henry, (4) Philip, (5) Nathan, (6) Samuel,
(7) Jonathan, (8) Benjamin, and (1) Alice, (2) Elizabeth, (3) Margaret,
(4) Sarah, (5) Catherine, (6) Susanna, (7) Mary, (8) Martha. (East
Cheshire, vol. ii, pp. 641-2.)
2. Walker,, Pt. ii, p 191.
3. Quoted in Urwick's Nonconformity in Cheshire, p. 82.
4. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 997.
5. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 131.
6. Nonconformity in Cheshire, p. 66.
7. Hist, of the Cheshire Cong. Union, p. 274 .
Bridekirk 7 1 7
if Samuel Grastie should be included in any list of
Ejected Ministers. Certainly he was gone from Cheshire
long before the Uniformity Act came into force; and
equally certain it is that, if the Nonconforming spirit was
in him at all, it found only a very temporary abode there.
It is , quite possible that if the displaced Woodchurch
Incumbent was living at the Restoration, Samuel Grastie
found it necessary to give way for him ; but, judging from
his subsequent action, if the chance of remaining had been
his he would have had no hesitation about accepting the new
conditions. If in any sense a Nonconformist, it is one of
the ironies of the situation that he should have been called
to succeed the Ejected George Benson at Bridekirk.
Grastie was instituted to the living at Brougham in
Westmorland on Sept. 8, 1664,^ and he resigned Bridekirk
on the 5th of October.
TiiOMAS Belman, M.A., 1664—1680.
Possibly the person of that name who was born at
Windermere, received his early education at Sedbergh
Grammar School, and went thence to St. John's College^
Cambridge, in 1655, being at the time 20 years of age.^
It appears that previously he had exercised his ministry
for some time in the County of Durham, and that, in 1663,
he was Curate at Distington under Edward Fletcher.
Appeal was made to Lord Wharton at this time, both by
Francis Higginson of Kirkby Stephen and Henry Lever
of Newcastle, to present him to the living at Dean,
which was then vacant. Their appeal was not successful
but their letters are interesting reading : —
Right Honourable.
There is one Mr. Thomas Belman at present Curate at Distington
under Mr. Edward Fletcher, who tells me the Parsonage of Dean in
Cumberland, whereof your Lordship is Patron, is now vacant by the
death of Mr. Fletcher late incumbent there. Mr. Belman hath
importuned me to make mention of him to your Lordship as desirous
L Vide p. 1248.
2. Sedbergh School Register, p. 81.
71 8 The Ejected of 1662
of that place, if your Lordship shall judge him worthy of that favour ;
which I am the more imboldened to doe because I remember he
shewed me the last year a Paper wherein Mr. Brisco did recommend
him to your Lordship & gave a very good character of him. Besides
he hath very good Testimonials from others also both of his
learning & piety, wch I have seen. If your Lordship think good
& will be pleased to signify so much to him, he will make a journey
to London to waite upon your Honour there. I beseech your
Lordship to pardon this boldness & shall ever be
Your Honours most himible &
Kirkby Stephen faithfull Servant
Feby. 17, 1663. Francis Higginson.
[Endorsed]
flebr 17, 1663.
Mr. Higginson to my Lord
Concneing Mr. Belman
about ye Psonage of
Deane.^
My Very Good Ld
Though I am almost discouraged for any further troubling yor
Lp wth my Ires (upon supposition that all that ever I wrote since 1
last kissed yr noble hand have miscarryed) yet I judge it my duty to
Let this run the same hazard being that it Concernes not only my
private addresses to yor Lp. in a most hvunble Recognition of yr
multiplied condescensions but a busines of an higher nature in
reference to the Service of God in his Chur. This gentleman Mr.
Belman (who I perceive hath been by others formerly & now by
Mr. Higginson is recomended to yr Lp) is a person whom I doe
very well know. I was present when he passed a tryall in order to
his Ordination, I am well acquaynted with the best of that people
where he exercised his Ministry in his County. In the first He
discovered very comendable abilityes. And I can assure yr Lp that
in the course of his life & Ministry He had the good testimony both
of such Ministers & good people as he did converse wth all. It is
indeed about 2 or 3 yeares since He left these parts but I hope He
continieth in the same way still thai no good man need be ashamed
to beare witnes to Him. If yr Lp. have not desposed of that
Parsonage of Deane for wch he is a Suitr I do humbly cast in my
petition on his behalf That He may have encouragement from yr Lp.
to wayte psonally upon yu at London in order to yr Lps more full
satesfaction concerning Him if you shall so think fitt And if my
obligations be not so great & many already that they admitt of no
1. Rawl. MSS. Letters 104.
Bridekirk 719
augmentation, I would humbly say It will adde to those noble favours
so frequently' vouchsafed from yr noble hand unto
My Most Honoured Ld
Yr Lps most justly devoted
Servt
Hen. Lever.
To the Rt Hnble his very noble Ld the Lord
Wharton at his house St. Giles near the
Church these humbly present in London.
[Endorsed]
ffeb. 18, 1663.
Mr. Lever to my Lord
Concerning Mr. Belman about ye
Psonage at Deane.'
Thomas Belman was instituted to Bridekirk March 16,
1664 on a Presentation by " George and Thomas Lamp-
lugh Ar." The Registers say that in 1665 he was " anno
Institutionis suae primo setatisque tricesimo t«rtio," and
he compounded for his First Fruits in 1666. He had the
friendship of Sir Joseph "Williamson, the distinguished
son of his predecessor, and the following communications
from his pen are worth inserting : —
Sr
I am heartily sorry yor Brother (my very good friend & Gossop)
hath languished soe long undr (hitherto) some growing distempers,
yt that they have not only occasioned his confinemt att home, but alsoe
have much weakened (though I hope not wasted) his Naturall
Strength, for Blessed by God, he hath scarce evr hitherto beene
heart sicke.
A litle after Midsumer he begun wth a Dysentery wch brought
him very weake, but by ye physicans means (undr God) was cured of
yt who afterwards for ye diversion of ye humors did flux him att
his mouth (wch I believe did continue att least a month) before ye
humors came to be setled (if setled) in their pp places yet after this
he gott such strength yt he & I could walk abroad into ye feilds wth
much alacrity.
But after this he fell into a relaps occasioned (I presume) by an
extraordinary cold, whereupon he fell into an illness & much in-
desposednes againe & was troubled (& is somewht to this day) wth
an hoarseness in his throat yt he could not speake but as though he
were whispering. But now wthin this 2 or 3 dayes he begins tv
1. Rawl. MSS. Letters 104, fol. 65.
720
The Ejected of 1662
recover his speech againe. The Dr. continued wth him till ye last
weeke, but yor sister expects him againe wthin this few dayes.
I was very much afraid of a consumpcion, his flesh much falling
away & his spirits growing very heavy, & his appetite to meat very
litle, but he tells mee his stomach growes better, & he sleeps well, &
yor sister hopes yt he is not consumptive, but has ye symptomes of ye
scurvy in a high degree. I am almost his dayly companion, I take
much content in his & his Lady's company, I doe much covet theire
health & happines & doe begin confidently to hope yor Br pfect
recovery.
Good Sr p'don ye boldnes of this & ye other pag. Excuse all
weaknesses in both & accept of ye same from him who is though
unknown.
Br. 8br. 2d. (72).
[Outside] Mr. Belman
R. 7 Oct. 72.
Sr. yor most humbly devoted
Tho. Belman.
To
The ever honoble
Joseph Williamson Knt.
These.
In Praestantissimam memorabilemq tui Munificentiam Centum
Librarum ad emendandum Scholae Dovenbiensie Stipendium nuper-
rime collatam.
O faelix Animi, pretij quj munera donat nobis ac nostris talia facta
placent.
Adfuit in tali non parvum pectore numen, Gaudia eij primo haud
vestra negate viro.
Nam decies denas donavit munere libras, in quibus est pueris, cura
placere viris.
Dignus es argento fulvo quoq dignior Auro ; venturi Soboles
Grandia laudet opum.
Non tibi, sed nobis notus es, quid plurima dicam. Non tibi sat
famam garrula lingua dedit.
Cum tibi Supremos Lachesis perneverit annos, hie tibi perpetuo
tempore vivet honor
Tho. Belman, Bridek, Vic.
Benignitas tua pijssima Dole viroru optime, per Parochianos meos
sit gratissime recognita.
Praesidiumq decus musarum fautor, alumne,
Ter tres Castalides vario modulamine plaudunt.
Grandia nomie tibi fecit Regnator Olympi.
Ac Boreae Patriae fecisti grandia Nobis
Quid tibi nunc dabimus. Nomen ; Quid Nomen. Honoris.
Non tibi sed Nobis reddit praenobile factum.
Bridekirk 721
Certe Nobilitas sola est atq unica virtus. ,
Jam Superis opus est meritas tibi reddere laudes,
Heroae famam mentis non possumus omnes.
Laetificae vultus laetus transfertur ad astra.
Quid dabimus, grates : demus tibi parvula thura,
Offendunt nunqua talia thura Jovem.
Utinam Dominus Deus te Ecclesiae suae,
Regi nostro ;
Reipublicae, tuis et nobis omnibusq longum
Servaret incolumen ; ita precatur qui est,
et est futurus
Doie Tui Honoris (dum vixerit) observan-
tissimus
Thomas Belman.
Bridekirkiae
Ex Musaeo Meo
2do die 8bris 1672
[Endorsed behind]
Omatissimo praeclarissimoq viro
Doio Josepho Williamson
Militj
hae
Londin j. *
It would appear from the following that Thomas
Belman, who died in 1680, for some time had a Curate to
assist him: — "John Bolton Curatus de Bridekirke " who
was ordained Deacon Sept. 21, 1673, Priest Sept. 15, 16T4.2
ElCHARD TiCKELL, M.A., 1680—1685.
He was instituted May 28, 1680, on a Presentation by
Richard Lamplugh, and held the living at Egremont also
during part of this time. Subsequently he was at Disting-
ton. 3 Poster has the following respecting a son : —
"Tickell Thomas s. E,ic. of Bridekirk, Cumberland, cler.
Queen's Coll. matric. 16 May, 1701, aged 15, B.A. 1705,
fellow, M.A. 22 Feb. 1708-9; secretary to Joseph Addison
and to Craggs, secretaries to the lords justices in Ireland,
1724, until he died at Bath 21 April 1740." *
1. S. p. Dom., Car. ii, 316, fol. 18.
. Episcopal Register.
3. Vide pp. 802, 829.
4. Al. Ox.
A U
722
The Ejected of 1662
David King, M.A., 1685—1701.
He was instituted January 6, 1685, on the same Presen-
tation. Visiting Bridekirk on Aug. 21, 1694, Thoresby
says : —
The honest parson was very obliging in showing us the famous
foait and the register, where one of his predecessors had writ a
small account of it but without any knowledge of the letters.^
Tliis would, of course, be David King. Nicolson and
Burn say tbat be died in 1701, but tbis was not so, for be
was subsequently at Lamplugb.^
John Harrison, 1701 — 1720.
He was instituted May 28, 1701, and inducted tbe day
following. He died in 1720.
1. Diaries, vol. i, p. 273.
2. Vide p. 777.
III. ISEL.
Isel is about fire miles north east of Coekermoiitli. The
Church is dedicated to St. Michael, and lies on the north
bank of the Derwent, just across the river, beautifully
sequestered. The Registers, the earliest of which are in
a long parchment volume, begin with marriages in Oct.
1669, the first baptisms being in 1670. The writing is
clear, and the Registers are in good condition. The
following is a list of Incumbents : —
Leonard Cape, 1581 — 1594.
Foster gives a William Cape, a native of Cumberland,
who matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford, in 1595, at
the age of 18, and subsequently became M.A. and B.D.^
Leonard Cape died in 1594.
Anthony Wharton, B.A., 1594 — 1636.
He was ordained Deacon Dec. 22, 1622, and is given as
of '' Cest. Dioc." Foster has several persons of this name
in his Oxford Alumni; but no one is assigned to Isel.
He died in 1636.
Percival Head, M.A., 1636.
He was instituted Nov. 3, 1636, on a Presentation by
" Will Lawson de Isall hall Ar." Foster says that he
was the son of Thomas Head of Raughton Head, matricu-
lated at Queen's College, Oxford, Feb. 18, 1624-5, at the
age of 19 years, graduated B.A. Feb. 15, 1625-6, and M.A.
June 30, 1630.^ It is not known how long he remained
here; but in 1646 and 1659 we have the following: —
Cumberland. Att &c. November 11 Anno Dni 1646.
By vertue &c ordered that the yearely sume of ffifty pounds be
payde out of the profitts of the Impropriate Rectorye of Isell in the
1. Al. Ox.
2. Ihid.
724 The Ejected of 1662
County of Cumberland sequestred from Wilfrid Ireton and Lawson
Iretan his Sonne Delinquents to and for increase of the Maintenance
of ye Minister of ye pish Church of Isell aforesaid. The Viccaridge
whereof is not worth Twenty five pounds p Ann And the
Sequestrators of the pmisses are requested to pay the same accordingly
att such tymes and seasons of the yeare as ye said profitts shall grow
due and payable.
Har. Grimston. *
IseU.
d.d. Mar. 3d. ffebr 24, 1659.
Whereas the Maintennce belonging to ye Ministr of laell in ye
County of Cumberland exceedeth not ye yearly value of twenty
pounds It is therefore ordered that the yearly Sume of thirty pounds
be graunted to and for increase of ye Maintennce of such godly &
painfull preachers of ye Gospell as shall be from time to time setled
Ministr of ye sd Church & duely approved of as by Authority of
parliamt is directed.
Jo. Thorowgood Geo Cowper Wm. Skinner Jo Pococke Ri. Yong."
Geo. Williamson writing to Jos. Williamson, Apr. 16,
1660, among other things, says thai Sir Wilfrid Lawson
M.P. for Cockermouth, wants to see J. W. in London,
and " he hopes you [J. W.] will provide an able minister for
Isell, and he will try to get him good means settled.
There is 60Z now." ^ Whether in response to this Richard
Fletcher was appointed, or some other person filled the
vacancy for a short time, does not appear.
Richard Fletcher, B.A., 1661—1668/9.
In the Episcopal Register he is given as " George," and
was instituted Oct. 29, 1661, on a Presentation by
" Wilfrid Lawson Mil." Foster gives several persons of
this name as Alumni of Oxford, and says one was at Isel.*
The Brigham Registers note his burial thus : —
Rich, ffletcher Vicar of Isell. Jan. 10, 1668/9.
Doubtless the person of this name who was at Distington
in 1655. 5
1. S.P.Dom. Inter. F. 1. (Record Office); Duplicated in Bodl. MS., 323.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 987.
3. Cal. of S. P. for 1659-60, p. 415.
4. Al. Ox.
5. Vide p. 801.
Isel 725
George Starke, 1669—1703.
He was instituted Sept. 18, 1669, on the death of
Richard Fletcher, being described as "Scotus." The
Presentation was made by " Wilfrid Lawson Mil." At
one end of the Register Book, in George Starke's own
peculiar writing, is the following interesting statement : —
George Starke Vicar of Isell was born in the parish of Ballmerrino
Kyrkton( ?) in the portion( ?) of Couper in fiffe upon the Eleventh of
Novbr and baptised upon the 13 1644 he was ordained preist by the
Archbishop of Glasgow in the grey friers Church of Edenbrough upon
the Eleeventh day of March 1665 & Licensed to preach at higgett( ?)
22 day of June 1668 presented to Isell by the truly honorable Sr
Wilfrid Lawson May(?) ye last 1669 & ye bishop being then at
london not Instituted till Septr. 8th following He was married
July 22 1669 & had a daughter born Appr 22, 1670 who was baptized
25 & caled Magdalene.
Itm Novbr 19, 1671 a daughter and was called Isabell.
Itm May 8th 1673 a Son called George both dead.
Itm June 15, 76 a daughter who upon ye 25 was baptized & called
ffrances.
It. May 30, 79 two sons William and Thomas dead both.
It. August 21, 1682 was bom to him a Son who upon the 31 was
baptized & called Edward.
Testor Appr ye
ninth 1698
G. Starke.
In the burial entry of " Wilfrid lawson knt barronet "
on Dec. 27, 1688, he says : " my very honered & dearly
beloved lord & patrone." In the Registers after March,
1697-8 he writes: —
Thus far was transcribed & finished Appr. 7, 1698, byG. Starke, Vic.
From this it would appear that previous entries are copies
from older documents that have perished ; and the charac-
ter of these earlier entries, which are very meagre, giving
no information beyond the name of the person, agrees with
this suggestion. George Starke died in 1703, his burial
entry reading thus : —
lOth June 1703 George Stark Vicr was buried. He was vicr of Isell
34 years & 6 weeks.
An Inquisition took place at Blencrake on Oct. 12, 1686,
with "Sir Wilfrid Lawson, Knt. and Bart., Wm. Winder,
726 The Ejected of 1662
Edwd. Cleminston and Eobt. Blakelin " as plaintiffs and
"Chris. Irton Sen., Chris. Irton Jun., John Simpson and
Chris. Borranskell " as defendants. The matter in dispute
was the " Rectory, Yicaridge and parish of Isell and the
townships of Blincrake Sunderland Isell old Parke, and
Isell Gate, a tenement called Millstone Moore tenement
Situate on Millstone Moor &c. &c. Mills and bound.
Tithes." 1
Peter Parish, MA., 1703—1711.
He was instituted Aug. 28, 1703, and the Registers
state that he read " the 39 articles &c. on Sunday
ye 5th day September in ye year of our Ld.
One Thousand Seven Hundred & Three." Foster says
that he was B.A. and M.A. of Trinity College, Dublin, in
1712, being incorporated at Oxford Oct. 16, 1720. ^ He
removed to Plumbland in 1711.^ A person of this name
was ordained Deacon March 17, 1668-9.^
William Pool, M.A., 1711—1719.
He was a graduate of Glasgow University, and was
inducted to the living at Isel by Peter Parish on June 5,
1711. He was previously a Curate at Caldbeck.
Thomas Leathes, B.A., 1719.
He was inducted also by Peter Parish on Oct. 24th,
1719, and removed to Plumbland.^ He was the son of
John Leathes of Cockermouth, and was educated at Queen's
College, Oxford, matriculating there March 27, 1708.^
John Kendall, B.A., 1729—1782.
He was inducted by Thomas Leathes on June 3, 1729,
Stephen Grove, Curate of Bassenthwaite, being one of the
1. Ex. Dep. Mich. 8, Rec. Office.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Vide pp. 590, 807.
4. Episcopal Register.
5. Vide p. 590.
6. Al. Ox.
Isel 727
witnesses ; and remained here until liis death in 1782. In
the graveyard is a tombstone thus inscribed : —
John Kendall, B.A. died May 7.
1782 in his 81st year
vicar 53 years.
It appears from the following that he gave special care
to the Registers : —
At this Date [1750] endeth this Register Containing a Term of
Eighty one Years ; viz. from the Year of our Lord 1669 to 1750
Inclusive; tho it appears that within this compas three years that is
1673, 1674 & 1675 are a wanting. How this has happened cannot be
known at this Distance of Time. I think myself obliged to declare
farther for the Satisfaction of those into whose Hands This may fall
that, tho it be not here Specified that every particular year, since I
came to this Place was Transmitted to the Bishop's Registry ; yet they
were all duly transmitted every Yearly Visitation. So that None
need to doubt that this is a good and Authentick Register.
Witness my Hand
John Kendall, Vicar.
ly. DEAEHAM.
A few miles norfli of Cockermouth is Dearham. The
dedication of tlie Church is lost; and the Registers, re-
bound in 1826, begin in 1662, as the following shows : —
A Register of all chrestenings buryalls & Maryages within the
parish of Dearham ffrom Octor. 7, 1662 made by me Mugr Sleddall
ibidm. vicarium Ano Dom. 1662.
Referring to this book, and an older one still, when
writing in 1703, Bishop ISTicolson says: —
The New Register-Book (beginning at the year 1662) was in the
Vicarage-House : But the older, which is said to carry a good Age,
was (unaccountably) in the keeping of the Clerk, who was abroad at
ye Harvest.^
This earlier volume is still wanting. The present one is
in good condition, and the writing is not difficult to
decipher. The following is a list of Incumbents : —
Henry Adcock, 1593.
Edward Dykes, 1600.
I^icolson and Burn say that he resigned in this year.^
A person of this name was at Distington in 1588.^
John Bowman, 1600.
He was instituted November 3rd, 1600.
Michael Hurd or Hird, 1623.
This is the date of his death. There was a Michael
Hirde at Patterdale in 1623. -^
William Harrison, 1623.
Instituted Nov. 17, 1623.
Musgrave Sleddall, B.A., 1662/3 — 1685.
He is given as the son of Thomas Sleddall of Penrith, a
1. Miscel., p. 86.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 114:
3. Vide p. 799.
4. Vide p. 1229.
Dearham 729
brother, Roger, having his Will proved in 1667, and a
younger brother being Lamplngh Sleddall. Musgrave
Sleddall was collated to Dearham February 4th, 1662/3.
He had the living of Cross Canonby as well ; and in the
account of that place the reader will find additional
information about him.^ His burial entry in the Dearham
Registers appears thus: —
1685 July the second day was Mr. Musgrave Sleddall Vicar
buryed.
His Will, which was proved in 1685, is in the following
terms : —
In ye name of God Amen January ye Second 1677 1 Musgrave
Sleddall of Dearham Clarke being of good & pfect remembrance to
ye Glory & praise of Almighty God doe make this my last Will &
Testament in manner & forme following.
ffirst I resigne my Spirit into ye hands of ye Father of Spirits &
into ye bosome of my deare Lord & Saviour Jesus Christ trusting
through his Merits & Sufferings ye Salvation of my Soule And 1
Commit my body to ye earth from whence it came desyring to have
decent & Xtian buryall And as for my Worldly goods I dispose of
ym as followeth — ffirst I give & bequeath unto my Sonne Thomas
Sleddall my whole study of bookes All my Apparall one Wainscot
chaire one trunke one deske & a table in my Study And I give unto
him my Clocks Ite I give & bequeath unto Thomas Sleddall my
Sonne five pounds Ite I give unto my brother Lamplugh Sleddall one
pound tenn shillings wch he is owing me Ite 1 give unto my nephew
& godsonne Robert Bewly an eleven Shilling piece of gold desyring
him to be helpful to my wife in calling up of my debts. Ite I give
& bequeath all ye rest of my goods Cattell & Chatles unto my deare
& loveing wife Jane Sleddall wm I make & ordaine my sole executrixe
of this my last Will and testament Witnesse my hand & Scale ye
day & yeare above written
Witnesses hereof
Richard Fletcher Jun. Musgrave Sleddall.
Rob Cuthbertson.
M. S.
Richard Murthwaite, 1686 — 1701.
He was collated October 15th, 1686. The reader is
1. Vide p. 735.
730
The Ejected of 1662
referred to the account of Gilcrux for further information
respecting him.^
Peter Murthwaite, 1701 — 1736.
He was collated August 20th, 1701. Bishop Nicolson,
in 1703, speaks of him as " an honest poor man and father
of a growing Number of Children. Happy he is in the
dayly encouragement and support that's given him by
Evan Christian Esqr. who so well approves of the poor
man's Conversation and Doctrine that he gives him the
corn-Tithes of Ewanrigg, those of his own Demesne there
onely excepted." ^
The Registers are rich in Wheelwright, Fletcher and
Eaglesfield entries. The following are worth notice : —
The wife of John Wheelwright of the Row was buried the 26th of
January 1692.
A child of Thomas Richardson was buried unbaptized the same
day. these 2 were anabapt.
Mrs Margaret Dykes aged 106 yeares was buried the Third day of
March 1685.
Could the latter have been the widow of Edward Dykes,
Vicar of this place in 1600 ?
1. Vide p. 734.
2. Miscel., p. 87.
Y. GILCRTJX.
In older documents this is often "Gilcruce," and it is still
so pronounced. It is a few miles north of Cockermouth and
a couple of miles from Bullgill Station. The Church here,
a quaint little structure, is dedicated to St. Mary. The
Registers begin in 1589 and are said to be " compositu.
p me Thoma Dover ibidem vicariu.'' The earliest volume
is in parchment, writing quite plain, but it has suffered
considerably from damp. The following is a list of
Incumbents : —
Thomas Dover, 1589.
Several Dover entries appear in the Registers, one in
1603, being the baptism of " Thomas Dover filius Tho. 9
Januarij." How long he held the living after this is not
known ; but the Registers give the following : —
Novembris 1625 Elizabetha Dover uxor Thomae Clerici sepult
decimo sexto.
Nicholas Banks, 1611.
In the Registers is the following : —
Anno Dom. 1611 hie incipit Nicholas Bankes vie.
He appears, however, to have resigned in that year. He
was later Curate of Flimby and also of Camerton.^
Edward Cooke, M.A., B.D., 1611.
He was ordained Deacon September 29, 1608, and is
described as " de Keswick." The Registers give the
following which probably marks the date of his Induction
to the living : - —
Anno doi 1611 October 8 Edward Cooke Mr in Artibu. et vicarius
de pochia de Gilcrux.
Nicolson and Burn speak of him as removing in 1612 -^
but that is a mistake. It is probable that this is the
person who appears at Brigham in 1618, in the account of
1. Vide p. 758.
2. Nicolson and Burn, vol. ii, p. 117.
732 The Ejected of 1662
which place the reader will find further information
about him.^
EicHARD Wilkinson, 1618.
He was collated by Bishop Snowdon on June 12th, 1618,
Nicolson and Burn wrongly giving 1612 as the date. The
"Wilkinsons were a numerous and influential family in
this neighbourhood, the following entries from the
Registers being evidence; but whether they refer to
connections of Richard Wilkinson is not clear.
Thomas Wilkinson filius Richardi bapt. Tricesimo primordie Octo-
bris 1624.
Joyce filia Richardi Wilkinson bap fuit sexto die ffebraarii 1639.
Nicolson and Burn say that he lived until after the
Restoration of the King, and made way for his successor
in 1664. Bishop Nicolson gives some further information
about him in the passage quoted later. ^
Peter Murthwaite, 1664 — 1675.
The Episcopal Register gives the following : —
9br 17th These are to Certify all whome itt may concern yt peter
Murthwaite Clerk vicar of Gilcrux in ye County of Cumberland &
Diocess of Carlisle hath subscribed ye Declaration & Acknowledgmt
required of him by ye Act of parlt xiijto Car 2d intituled An Act
for ye Uniformity of publique prayers & for Witness &c 1 have
hereunto sett my hand & seale
Collation to Vicarage of Gilcrux xx Sep. ^^oi.
The Gilcrux Registers contain the following information
respecting the Murthwaite family, three of whom held the
Gilcrux living in succession : —
Mr. Peter Murthwaite was born at Blacksikes in Plumpton Ap. 19,
1612 was inducted vicar of Gilcrosse when Schoolemaster of Cocker-
mouth November Anno Domini 1664 aged 52.
Mr. Richard Murthwaite was baptized Julij ye 23 A.D. 1634 was
inducted upon his father's death 1675 aged 41.
My Grandfather died 63 years old.
I was baptized on St. Peter's day 1666 inducted upon my father's
death 1704 aged 38 therefore my father died 70 years old. Peter my
third son was baptized ye 15 of August 1703.
All this is in the same handwriting. The Cockermouth
Registers give the following entries respecting several
1. Vide p. 748.
2. Vide p. 734.
Gilcrux 7Z2>
children born whilst Peter Murthwaite, senior, was
Schoolmaster there : —
Baptism. Richard the son of Mr. Peter Murthwaite the 23 day 1634.
Baptism (?) [1635] Henry the Sonn of Mr. Peter Murthwaite — 27 day.
1636-7 Januarye Peter ye Sonne of Mr. Peter Murthwaite Scholemr
of Cockermouth was baptized 29th day.
1637 July Peter ye sonne of Mr. Peter Murthwaite of Cockermouth
was buryed here July 9th day.
Chrestening 1638 Mabell ye daughter of Mr. Peter Murthwaite of
Cockermouth was baptized here Aprill 22nd day.
1639 Chrestening William ye Sonne of Mr. Peter murthwaite of
Cockermouth was baptized July rx day.
1640 July Henrye ye Sonne of Mr. Peter Murthwaite of Cocker-
mouth was buryed xvij day.
William ye Sonne of Mr. Peter Murthwaite of Cockermouth was
buryed xxvij day July 1640.
1641 Mary ye daughter of Mr. Peter murthwaite of Cockermouth
was baptized 2d day October.
1642 Elizabeth ye daughter of Mr. Peter Murthwaite of Cocker,
was baptized October 26th day.
1644 Joseph ye Sonne of Mr. Peter Murthwaite of Cockermouth
was baptized September 2d day.
1645 Mary ye wife of Mr. Peter Murthwaite of Cockermouth was
buryed October 14th day.
It has already been stated that the beautiful hand-
writing of the Cockermouth Registers was, in all proba-
bility, the work of Peter Murthwaite, even as is that of the
Gilcrux Registers, Latin being freely used in both. At
the bottom of the page preceding the new entries of 1664
is the following : —
The Rebellion of the late years and negligence of the spurious
Registers not haveing p 'formed thier duty have caused these pages
to be left for the recording of what is neglected.
In the same neat hand is the following also : —
Regestrum oium Baptizatorum nuptor. & Mortuor infra parochiam
de Gilcrux Renovat & insertatu(?) per Petrum Murthwaite Clericum
Vicarium ibim a die inductionis ejus vizt. decimo die Novembris
Anno Redemptionis Nostrae 1664.
Peter Murthwaite received his license as Schoolmaster
May 3rd, 1637, from " Xorem Mainwaring " of Chester.
It would appear that he was at Hutton-in-the-Forest about
1646, though in what capacity is not clear. His hand-
writing may be seen in an old Account Book there, and the
734 The Ejected of 1662
burial of a son, Josepli, is recorded in the same Book. He
subscribed the Declaration August 14tli, 1662 ; and died
in 1675, bis burial entry in the Cockermouth Registers
reading thus : —
Mr. peter Murthwaite vicar of Gylcrux & Schoolemaster of Cocker-
mouth was buryed Novemb 16, 1675.
Richard Murthwaite, 1675 — 1704.
He is described as " de Cockermouth," being ordained
Deacon, September 15th, 1674. ^ He was collated November
18th, 1675, on the death of Peter Murthwaite, whose son
he was ; and held the living at Dearham in Plurality with
that of G-ilcrux for some time. The Registers say that he
" ad banc vicariam Inductus f uit Decimo nono die
Novembris 1675." They also give the following: —
Katherine the daughter of Mr. Eichard Murthwaite was buried
the 4 of July 1699.
1700 Margery the wife of Mr. Richard Murthwaite Vicar was
bury'd the 23 of July.
His own burial entry is as follows : —
Mr. Eichard Murthwaite Vic. bur. March ye 23, 1703-4.
Peter Murthwaite, 1704 — 1736.
He was collated April 5, 1704, and according to the
Registers inducted " April ye 8 1704 " by " Mr. John
Harrison vicar of Bridekirk." He died in 1736.
Bishop Nicolson, writing in 1703, has an interesting
paragraph respecting Gilcrux, in which he gives the list
of Incumbents for the Century in the following terms : —
The Eegister-book begins at 1589 when Tho. Dover was Vicar. He
was succeeded in 1611 by Nicholas Banks, sometime Curate of
Flemby; who was removed hence to Cammerton before ye end of ye
year : For it appears that Edward Cooks was inducted Oct. 8, 1611.
He was also soon Translated ; and (in 1612) succeeded by Eichard
Wilkinson, Schoolmaster of Dovenby, who continu'd Vicar till after
the Eestoration of K. Charles the Second. This man minded- his
Temporal Concerns (leaveing a Considerable Estate) better than the
Affairs of the Church : So that the Eegister-Book is very lame and
imperfect dureing his Incimibency. In 1664 (Nov. 10) Mr. Peter
Murthwait, Schoolmaster of Cockermouth ; who was succeeded by his
son Eichard Murthwait in 1675 inducted, Nov. 19.2
1. Episcopal Register.
2. Miscel., p. 88.
VI. CEOSS CANONBY.
In older documents this place appears as " Crosby "
merely. It is a few miles to the north of Maryport, not
far from the Solway coast, the nearest railway station
being Dearham Bridge. The Church is dedicated to St.
John. Bishop Nicolson, in 1703, says the Register Book
begins in 1600, but that " the former part of it has been
written with very bad ink, has been ill kept, and is now
hardly legible." ^ This early volume has disappeared,
and the present one begins in 1663 as the following shows :
A Eegister of all Crestenings W[eddinges] & buryalls wthin the
parish of [C]ononby made by me Musgrave [Sleddall,] Clearke there
begining in the year 1663.
At the bottom of the page is " Musgr. Sleddall Curate."
The first part of the name is scarcely decipherable. The
County Histories do not help us with any list of Incum-
bents, but the following have been obtained : —
Musgrave Sleddall, B.A., 1646 — 1685.
Foster says that he was the son of Robert Sleddall of
Flimby, that he matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford,
March 6, 1634-5, at the age of 17 years, graduating B.A.
Oct. 30, 1638.^ Mr. Jackson, however, gives him as son
of Thomas Sleddall of Penrith. His appointment to Cross
Canonby in 1646 is certified by the following : —
Cross unmanby
[Cross Canonby] 25 Aprill 1646..
It is ordered yt ye Comittee of Pari for ye Coiinty of Cumberland
be & they are hereby desired to make p'ticular enquiry how ye
Minister of ye Church of Crossunmanby in ye sd County is to be
maintayned and out of what and in whose disposicon ye same is and
to certify ye same And Mr Musgrave Sleddall Minister of ye word is
hereby authorised to officiate ye cure of ye sd Church in ye
meantyme.*
1. Miscel., p. 87.
2. Al. Ox.
3. Add. MSS. Brit. Mus. 15670.
736 The Ejected of 1662
It would appear that ke lived undisturbed througli all
the changes of the Commonwealth and Restoration.
Along with Cross Canonby he held the living of Dearham ^
for some time. The following is from the Survey of
1649: —
By Mr. Robert Sleddale to Mr. Musgrave Sleddale a preachinge
Minister Tenn pounds for Crosse Canonby.^
The Registers record the burial of Musgrave Sleddall of
" fflemby " on May 18, 1679 ; but this could not have been
the Vicar of that name. He died in 1685. Foster gives,
among his Oxford Alumni, Roger Sleddall, son of Roger
Sleddall of Penrith, who matriculated Feb. 22, 1677-8,
at the age of 18 years, and was Barrister-at-law, Gray's Inn,
1686; and Thomas Sleddall, son of Musgrave Sleddall of
Dearham, who matriculated May 22, 1674, at the age of
16 years. 3
Francis Gregson, 1685 — 1711.
He was ordained Deacon August 17, 1662, and was
instituted Oct. 9, 1685.* The Registers give the following :
November 29th, 1685.
Md. That Fran. Gregson Clerk now Curate of Cross Canonby did
in time of divine Service the day & year aboue sd publiquely read ye
39 Articles of Religion and assented to ye same in the preseoice of us
underwritten wth many more
ftran. Gregson, Junr. Thomas Harrison
Robert Gregson James Gibsoai
Churchwardens.
Bishop Nicolson speaks of him as " honest Mr, Gregson."
He died in 1711, his burial entry reading thus: —
1711 Mr. Fran. Gregson Curat of Cannonby Buried ye 9th day May.
1. Vide p. 728.
2. Lambeth MSS., Surveys, vol. ii.
3. Al. Ox.
4. Episcopal Register.
Cross Canonby TZ7
John Rtjmney, 1712—1728.
His license as Curate here is dated June 2, 1713; but
the Registers contain the following : —
Memorandm John Rumney Clerk entered Curate of Croscannonby
September the 29th Anno Domini 1712.
1723 September ye 18 Isabell wife of John Rumney Clerk Bury'd.
1728 The Reverend Mr. John Rumney Minister att Canonby
Buried October the 26.
There was a John Rumney, Minister at Kirkoswald
about this time : probably it is the same, his removal to
Cross Canonby being in 1712.^
1. Vide p. 344.
A V
YII. LORTON.
Lorton is some five miles south east of Cockermouth in tlie
beautiful valley of that name. The Church is dedicated
to St. Cuthbert, and the Registers date from 1538, the
earliest possible date for Parish Registers. The first
volume is of parchment; the writing is beautiful and
clear; the leaves are long and unbound, the book being
clearly a copy, made near the end of the 16th Century, as
many others of those early times were. It was the work of
John Bell, who signs the pages as " Curatt " up to 1599 ;
and, along with that of his Churchwardens, his signature
appears against the following statement :/—" Wrytten &
exd by the old booke." Unfortunately the date is not
given, but it must have been sometime before 1608. A
copy of this parchment volume also has been very care-
fully made, in reference to which we have the following :
We the Minister & Churchwardens of the Parish of Lorton per-
ceiving that the Register Books belonging to the said Parish are
much decayed have transcribed their Contents into this Book & we
do hereby testify that we have Minutely examined & compared this
Book with the former Register Books belonging to the Said Parish
& that it is an exact Transcript of the same & contains an account
of every Marriage Christening ' & Burial that were entered in the
former Register Books belonging to the said Parish in Witness
whereof we have hereunto set our Hands the fourth Day of Novem-
ber 1800.
Thomas Burnyeat of Swinside
John Sibson Curate of Lorton | Churchwardens of Lorton.
William Mawson of Scalehill
John Hurd of Buttermere
Jonathan Stout of Withop.
Several defects occur in the Registers including a break
between 1645 and 1692. The County Histories do not
assist us with any list of Incumbents, but the following
names have been obtained : —
Lorton 739
Thomas Peile, 1602.
The Registers give the following : —
1602 Sr. Thomas Peile Clarke was buried the 2d Day of July.
The Peiles were quite numerous in this district, and it is
almost certain that Thomas Peile was a native. This
doubtless is the person who also held Threlkeld.^
John Bell, 1608.
The Registers give the following : —
1608 Mr. John Bell Curate of Lorton was buried July 21.
It is to him that we are indebted for the preservation of
the early Registers.
Thomas Watson, 1646.
That he was here during this year is clear from the
following : —
Cumberland. Att the Comittee for Plundered
Ministers September 10 Anno Dni 1646.
By Vertue of an Order of both houses of Parliamt of the second
of May last It is ordered that the yearely sume of flBfty pounds be
paid out of the profitts of the Impropriate Rectorie of Lorton in the
County of Cumberland sequestered from Sr Henry ffletcher Delin-
quent to and for increase of the Maintenance of Thomas Watson
Minister of the pish Church of Lorton aforesaid the present Main-
tenance belonging to the said Church being but ffive pounds a
Yeare and the said [parish] Consistelh of sixe hundred Communicants
And the Sequestrators of ye pmisses are required to pay the same
accordingly at such times & seasons of the yeare as the said profitts
shall grow due & payable.
Har. Grimston. 2
This also is a local name as the following among other
entries in the Registers shows : —
1616 Chrestenings
Ellin Daughter of Thomas Watson of Over Lorton was baptized the
25 of December.
Peter, the son of Thomas Watson, was baptized April 29,
1622 : and Margaret, daughter of Thomas Watson, the
25th of February, 1644. Whether these were the children
1. Vide p. 667.
2. S.P. Dom. Inter. F. 1 (Record Office). Duplicated in Bodleian MS.
323.
740 * The Ejected of 1662
of Thomas Watson, Vicar, we have no means of knowing.
There are other Watson entries -in the Registers. Foster
gives Thomas Watson " of Cumberland, pleb. Queen's
Coll., matric. 21 Nov., 1628, aged 18; B.A. from New
Inn Hall 4 May, 1632." i If this was the Lorton Vicar the
entries above given could not all refer to his children.
Robert Rickerby, 1665-6.
He was licensed Curate Feb. 4, 1665-6, and appeared
and exhibited as such at the Bishop's Visitation June 30,
1674. He held this along with the Cockermouth living.
William Sanderson, 1684.
He was ordained Deacon Sept. 19, 1680, and admission
to the Curacy was granted June 5, 1684. He was still
here in 1691.
Thomas Pearson, 1698.
He is given as " Clerk Curate " in this year.
William Bow, 1701.
The following from the Registers is our authority for
this name : —
1701 Rebecca Daughter of William Bow, Clark, bap. 20 of May.
It is, however, not certain whether he was " Curate " or
merely " Parish Clerk."
Patricius Curwen, 1707.
To the same authority are we indebted for this name
as thus appears : —
Mr. Patricius Curwen Curate of Lorton was buried October 6,
1707.
James Clarke, 1740.
The Registers give the burial of this person in the
following terms : —
1740 The Reverend James Clarke Curate of Lorton was buried
July 8.
They also state that his son, John Clarke, Curate of
1. Al. Ox.
^
Lorton 741
Buttermere, was buried Feb. 27, 1725, from which it
would appear that James Clarke was at Lorton at least
then.
T. Fisher, 1740.
Instituted on the death of Clarke.
The Registers say : —
Weddings. No Register has been kept in this Parish during the
bloody Reign of Mary the First.
YIII. LOWESWATEE.
About four miles in a southerly direction from Lorton
and near the Lake of this name is Loweswater. The
Church, dedicated to St. Bartholomew, is situated at the
foot of a, mountain, and in the very heart of most impressive
scenery. The Registers begin in 1667 ; and they supply
the following interesting information respecting them : —
Registerum parochiae de Loweswater infra Dioeceseon Cestriensem
renovatum penultimo die Aprilis Anno Redemptionis nostras 1667.
Johane Borranskeall Clerico existente Curato
Johane Allason de Godfrid
et Michaele Johnson de Waterend
existentibus Gardianis &c
p me Jno Allason
Supdt.
Six pages are occupied with christenings, weddings and
burials from 1626 to 1673. After the date 1632 we get
the following : —
The Rest of the Chrestnings marriages & Burialls Down till the
Seaventh of October Ano Dnj 1665 Looke the old Regester Books
where you will find them written.
In a later hand we have the words : —
The old Register is lost.
On the top of the next page is the following : —
The Register is imperfect for ye space of 42 yeares viz from 1632
till 1674. T.C.
Then follows : —
TRe Chrestenings Marriages & Burialls underwritten could not be
found Registred in any Booke and therefore an exact account was
taken through the parish (according to the just Computations of
their parents & ffriends & Mr. John Borranskell then Curate) & the
times when they happened were as followeth.
This begins in 1666.
The following is an imperfect list of persons who have
served here : —
Lowes water 743
— Westray, 1667.
He was here in that year, but how long he had held the
living is not known.
John Borranskell, 1667 — 1673.
His name has already been given. In all probability
he was a native of the place. The name occurs both in
the Lorton and Isel Registers. He appears to have
resigned in 1673. A person of this name was ordained
Deacon May 23, 1624, being then " literatus " and of
" Cest. Dio." 1
Patricius Curvten, 1673 — 1700.
He was ordained Deacon by Edward of Carlisle March
15, 1673, and subscribed the declaration the same day.
He appeared and exhibited as Curate when the Bishop
made his visitation June 30, 1674; and obtained a faculty
to teach boys Sept. 24, 1686. He bulks considerably in
the Registers, and the following is the information which
they give about him and his family : —
Mr. Patricius Curwen came to Loweswater in ye yr 1673 succeeded
Mr. Borranskeale wo (as I have heard say) succeeded Mr. Westray
T. Cowper.
Here is inserted the Christnings Marriages & Burialls which befell
Ano Dnj 1673 (being the yeare I came) & they were Acted by Mr.
Borranskaill because I wanted Orders.
Pat. Curwen.
Mr. Patricius Curwen & Barbara Fisher Mar. [1677] vijj Novem-
bris.
1678 John son of Mr. Patricius Curwen of Gillrtht [Gillerthwaite]
Bapt xxiij Junij.
Chrestian Daug. of Mr. patricius Curwen Bap. ij January 1680.
1687 Mary daughter of Mr. Patricius Curwen Bap. xxxi October.
Eleanor daughtr of Mr. Patricius Curwen Bur. xxvij April 1687.
1690 Anthony Curwen of Lampl & Ann Fox of Distington Mar.
xxxi Julij.
A note gives the following : —
The sd Antho. Curwen was Bro. to Mr. Curwen Curate of Lowes-
water and both of jtu were born at Ribton Hall. The sd Antho
was Father of Eliz. pearson of Trusbank [Thrushbank] widow.
Eleanor daughtr of Mr. Patricius Curwen Bur. xxiv Decemb. 1690.
1692 Chrestopher son of Mr. Patricius Curwen Bap. j Maij.
1. Episcopal Register.
744 The Ejected of 1662
At tlie bottom of the page containing tlie entries for the
year 1700, we have the following : —
Hoc Registrum Scriptum hactenus p Patr. Curwen Curat, ibm.
Andrew Naughley, 1701.
The Registers give the following : —
Incipit Chrestgs Mariages and Burialls entred by me Andrew
Naughley Curatt Ibidiem Anno 1701.
Probably this was the Andrew Naughley who also held the
living at Threlkeld.^
John Harrison, 1705.
The Registers state that he entered " hanc Ecclesiam
quarto die Augustij Anno Dom 1705." There was a John
Harrison at Barton in Westmorland about this time,^ and
also at Bridekirk. He held the living only about three
years.
Henry Forrest, 1708 — 1741.
The Registers contain many curious and interesting
entries from his pen. They tell us that he entered
" vigesimo die Martij Anno Domini 1708" ; and further
say: —
Hanc Ecclesiam Inductus erat 1708. /
Honour, ye Jdoll wch ye most adore
Receives no Homage from my knees
Content in privacy I value more
Than all increased Dignity.
The following also : —
The Register of Loweswater cost 14s Ano Domi 1667.
Let him that wbuld ascend ye Tottering Seat
Of Courtly Grandeur and become as great
As are his Mounting wishes but for me
Let Sweet Repose & rest my portion be.
Henry Forrest Curate
at Loweswater Ad [arrived]
Domi 1722-3.
Hen. Forrest promovebatur ordinem Deaconus trie. Die Maij 1708.
Presby. Vic. Die. Sept. 1730.
(Therefore he was Deacon 22 years before he was made priest. He
died in ye 59th year of his age).
1. Vide p. 668.
2. Vide pp. 722, 1226.
Lowes water 745
Anno Aetatis Suae 47 Vicessimo die Octobris 1730. Therefore Mr.
Forrest was born in 1683. He died in March 1741-2. Mr. Forrest
came to Loweswater in 1708 being then 25 years of age.
The following are the burial entries of himself and wife :
Mr. Henry Forest Curate of Lowswater Bur. xviiii Mar. 1741.
Mrs. Eliner Forrest wife of ye sd Henry fiorrest Bur. xxiiimar. 1741.
J. Simpson, 1742.
J. Wilkinson, 1742.
Thomas Cowpee, 1744 — 1795.
The Registers give the following : — ,
Ego ut Curatus hanc Ecclesiam intravi decimo quinto die Julij Ano
Dni 1744.
Thos. Cowper
Anno Aetat. 24.
Thomas Cowper Curate of this Parish Jany. 26, 1795. Bueried.
He held the living, therefore, over fifty years; and it is
to his industry that we are indebted for so many items of
interest in the Registers. The initials " T.C." which
appear in several places are of course his. His marriage
on April 28, 1746, is recorded in the Lorton Registers.
The following further entries are worth noting : —
The Sycamore trees in ye Ch. yard of Loweswater were planted ye
26 of February 1710-11-
Memorandu.
That the Church Stock of Loweswr was reduc'd to 8d per 11 in
ye year of our Lord God 1748 by Reason of ye Quakers who refus'd
to pay or be destrained upon for ye accustomed Annual Interest of it
of 20d per Pound At which time it was also agreed upoai yt ye Curate
shd raise yearly wt money he could by Subscription towds defraying
remaining Part of accustomed Charges.
T. Cowper.
J. Barnes, 1795.
On the death of Cowper.
IX. BEIGHAM.
The ancient Parish of Brigham, in old document*
" Bridgeham," formerly included a very extensive tract
of country on the south side of the Derwent, even Lorton
and Cockermouth being only parochial Chapelries within
it. " The steeple house," as George Fox was accustomed
to name Churches of all descriptions, was " great " in the
17th Century ; and in appearance it is heavy and imposing
to day. The village of Brigham is about two miles west
of Cockermouth, and lies on the left of the Derwent.
The Church is dedicated to St. Bridget, and its Registers
begin in 1564, the older book being bound in a good cover,
which is quite modern. They are in fair condition.
Unfortunately there is '" a deplorable hiatus," says Mr.
Isaac Fletcher, '" extending from 1586 to 1661." i Thia
is only approximately correct, as there are some 1602
entries, with occasional ones for 1612 and 1617. The
County Histories are also disappointing. Nicolson and
Burn make no attempt at a list of Incumbents ; Hutchin-
son begins with 1661 ; Whellan copies Hutchinson ; and
Jefferson's work does not include this district. The
following, however, may be regarded as fairly complete :
Richard Passe, 1553.
Roland Hauxbie, 1579.
He was instituted in December 1579. Nicolson and Burn
give a person of this name as Rector of Aikton who
resigned that living in 1591, and as Rector of Kirkbamp-
ton in 1598, in which year he died.^
Richard Birkett, 1582 — 1591.
He was instituted Sept. 21, 1582, on the death of the
last Incumbent. His burial entry reads thus : —
1591 xxviij August Richard Birkett vicarius de Brigham Sepult.
1. Paper on Brigham Church, Trans. (O.S.), vol. iv.
2. Nicolson and Bum, vol. ii, pp. 200, 210.
Brigham 747
Nicholas Copeland, M.A., 1591 — 1607.
He was instituted Nov., 1591, on the death of the last
Incumbent. In the margin of the Registers against that date
occurs the following : " Sepulti vicarii Nicholas Copeland,"
which will, mean the burials of his vicariate. He was at
the time Master of St. Bees Grammar School, having been
appointed to the position by Archbishop Grindal, the
Founderof the Institution.^ His dismissal from his position,
for such it seems to have been, occurred about 1593.
Possibly he is the person who was also at Gosforth and
Brampton. 2 It was during his time on Jan. 20, 1602, that an
Inquisition was held at Keswick in which John Hudson
appears as plaintiff and John Winder, Nichs. Bell, Thos.
Pearson, Christopher Fawcett, Matthew Bell and Allan
Hibton as defendants, the matter in dispute being the
" Rectory and parsonage of Brigham (Cumberland) and the
churches or chapels of Embleton and Lorton (Cumberland)
and the townes of Widdup and Brackenthwaite. Meets and
bounds. Perambulations. Customs of tithing. Tithes."
The Inquisition was repeated on the 12th of April follow-
ing, precisely the same persons being concerned.^ A
John Hudson was defendant against Sir George
Fletcher, Bart., in an Inquisition taken at Cockermouth,
Oct. 2, 1663, the matter in dispute being the " Rectory of
Brigham and a tenement called Boutherbeck Cumberland
(Tithes)." *
Henry Hudson, B.D., 1607—1617.
He was instituted Oct. 21, 1607, on the resignation of
Nicholas Copeland.^ His burial is thus recorded in the
Registers : —
Mr. Henrie Hudson bachlor of devinitie and Vicar of Brigham was
buried the second daye of March of xxiij yeares standing in St.
John's Coledge in Cambedg.
1. Archbishop Grindal and his Grammar School of St. Bees (Jackson),
pp. 16-18.
2. Vide pp. 250, 837.
3. Ex. Dep. Hil. 18, Rec. Office.
4. Ex. Dep. Mich. 4, Rec. Office.
5. The Act Book (Chester Registry).
748 The Ejected of 1662
A person of this name appears at Brampton and Staple-
ton. ^
Edward Cooke, M.A., B.D., 1618-
He was instituted April 13, 1618, on a Presentation by
"Richard Fletcher mil et Cay. Hudson Gen. Patrons," the
vacancy being caused by the death of Henry Hudson.^
Foster gives him as Edward Cookes, and states the follow-
ing about him: — "Of Cumberland pleb., Queen's Coll.
matric. 28 Nov., 1617, aged 20; B.A. 10 Dec, 1617, M.A.
13 Dec, 1620, B.D., 28 March, 1629, vicar of Brigham
Cumberland 1618, father of Wilfrid 1634." This Wilfrid
Cooke matriculated New Inn Hall, Oxford, July 11, 1634,
at the age of 18 years, ^ and is described as of Brigham,
from which it may be inferred that his father was still
there. In Isaac Tullie's account of the Siege of Carlisle,
in 1644, among the Clergy who sent contributions appears
" Mr. Cookson Brigham " with £1:0: 0.-^ This is a
mistake for Cooke, as the following shows : —
Cumberland. At ye Comttee for plundered Ministers
September 10 anno Dni 1646.
By vertue of an order of both houses of pliamt of ye second May
last It is ordered that the yearly sum of Thirty pounds be payd out
of ye pfitts of the Impropriate Rectory of Brigham in ye County of
Cumberland sequestred from Sr. Henry ffletcher Delinquent to & for
increase of the Maintenance of Edward Cooke Minister of the parish
Church of Brigham aforesaid his present Maintenance being but fforty
pounds a yeare And the Sequestratrs of the pmisses are required to
pay the same accordingly att such times & seasons of the yeare as
the said profitts shall grow due and payable.
Rich. Knightley. 5
How long he held the living after this does not appear
and whether he died, ceded or was sequestered that
Wilkinson might replace him is also uncertain. A person
of this name was at Gilcrux in 1611. Doubtless it is the
1. Vide pp. 250, 288.
2. The Act Book (Chester Registry).
3. Al. Ox.
4. Vide p. 134.
5. S. P. Dom. Inter. F. 1, Record Office; Duplicated in Bodleian
MS. 323.
Brigham 749
same, though there are some date difficulties which have
not been overcome, ^ and Foster's facts do not quite fit the
suggestion.
John Wilkinson, 1653.
Early in 1653 George Fox visited these parts making
his way from Swarthmoor, through Millom and up the
west coast. It was his first visit to Cumberland, and
" great threatenings " had been " given forth " that " if
ever I came there they would take away my life." This
was, of course, the very thing that was calculated to cause
him to feel " drawn to go " ; and while he was staying at
Millom he was " moved to send James Lancaster to
appoint a meeting at John Wilkinson's steeple house near
Cockermouth; a preacher in great repute, who had three
parishes under him." ^ The first meeting was near Cock-
ermouth, where " were twelve soldiers and their wives
from Carlisle; and the county people came in, like as it
had been to a fair. I lay at a house somewhat short of
the place, so that many friends were got thither before
me. When I came, I found James Lancaster speaking
under a yew tree; which was so full of people I feared
they would break it down. I looked about for a place to
stand upon to speak unto the people; for they lay all up
and down like people at a leaguer. After I was dis-
covered, a professor asked If I would not go into the
church? I seeing no place abroad convenient to speak
to the people from, told him. Yes : whereupon the people
rushed in ; so that when I came the house and pulpit was
so full, I had much ado to get in. Those that could not
get in, stood abroad about the walls. When the people
were settled, I stood up on a seat." In addition to "Priest
Larkham," and " John Wilkinson, preacher of that parish,
and of two other parishes in Cumberland," " several
priests were got together." He informs us that John
Wilkinson disputed " against his own conscience for
several hours, till the people generally turned against
1. Vide p. 731.
2: Fox's Journal, pp. 95-99.
750 The Ejected of 1662
him : for he thought to have tired me out; but the Lord's
power tired him out, and the Lord's truth came over him
and them all. Many hundreds were convinced that day,
who received the Lord Jesus Christ and his free teaching
with gladness ; of whom some have died in the truth, and
many stand faithfull witnesses thereof. The soldiers
also were convinced and their wives, and continued with
me till first day." " On first day " which, of course, was
Sunday, he went " to the steeple house at Cockermouth
where priest Larkham lived " ; and, when he had spoken
there, he says : — "I went about two miles to another
great steeple house of John Wilkinson's called Brigham;
where the people having been at the other meeting, were
mightily affected, and would have put my horse into the
steeple-house yard : but I said, ' No : the priest claims
that; have him to an inn.' When I came into the steeple-
house yard, I saw the people coming in great companies
as to a fair; and abundance were already gathered in the
lanes about the steeplehouse. I was very thirsty, and
walked about a quarter of a mile to a brook, where I got
some water, and refreshed myself. As I came up again,
I met Wilkinson ; who, as I passed by him, said ' Sir will
you preach to day ? If you will,' said he, ' I will not
oppose you in word or thought.' I replied, ' Oppose if
thou wilt ; I have something to speak to the people. And,'
said I, ' thou carriedest thyself foolishly the other day,
and spakest against thy conscience and reason, insomuch
that thy hearers cried out against thee.' So I left him,
and went on; for he saw it was in vain to oppose, the
people were so affected with the Lord's truth. When I
came into the steeple-house yard, a professor asked, If I
would not go into the church. And I seeing no conve-
nient place abroad went in, and stood up on a seat after
the people were settled. The priest came in also but did
not go up into the pulpit." ^ This visit, repeated a little
later the same year, resulted in the conviction of many
hundreds, " the most and best " of Wilkinson's hearers
turning " to Christ's free teaching." The Cockermouth
1. Fox's Journal, pp. 95-99, also p. 110.
Brigham 751
Ohurch Book several times refers to persons being ensnared
by " that sweeping errour of Quakisme " ; and John
Wilkinson himself became a convert. Under date June 6,
1654, the Church Records speak of a meeting of the
Ohurch at Bridekirk to "beg of the Ld his grace & strength
that they might stand agst that deluge of errours yt had
overflown the country, and had quite shattred to pieces ye
other congregacon abt Broughton, only some few pieces
of yt people have since come to Land, and keept together
in comunion. John Wilkinson, the Paster of that church
departed with the most of that people to ye Quakers, to
his great shame & infamy. The Ld (at last) convince
him of his sinne. Amen, Amen, Amen." ^ " Cumberland
John Wilkinson," as he came to be called, probably to
distinguish him from John Wilkinson of Westmorland,
also a preacher among the Quakers, became one of George
!Fox's ablest lieutenants. Chancellor Ferguson fixes 1657
as the date of his final defection •,^ but the Cockermoiith
Church Book points to an earlier one. A high character
is assigned to him and his labours in " The First Pub-
lishers of the Truth," the following being a specimen : —
" John Wilkinson (who was a priest at Brigham) after
his Convincemt, came to know a waiting in Deep Silence
till the Lord opened his mouth. He had a Convinceing
Testymony, and was of great service to many. He
travelled sevrall years on truths accot in England &
Ireland and finished in peace." ^ William Penn also in
his Preface to the "Life of John Banks," speaks of him
as " formerly an able and zealous Independent preacher."
The date of his death is given as 1675.*
Two or three further points in relation to Wilkinson call
for enquiry. It is not clear for example what is meant by
" Independent." In " The First Publishers of the Truth "
he is not only so denominated but it is also said that " our
worthy friend " Had been a teacher amongst ye Baptists" ;^
1. MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
2. Early Cumberland and Westmorland Friends, p. 64.
3. P. 39.
4. Early Friends, etc., pp. 63-65.
5. P. 70.
752 The Ejected of 1662
and the sympathies of the Broughton congregation, of which
John Wilkinson was Pastor, appear to have gone strongly
in the Baptist direction. The Cockermouth Church Book
says : —
The Sixteenth of Jiily, in ye yeare 1652. There was a soUemne
meeting of Both the chs (vizt : This of Cockermthj and another called
the Church of Broughton) in ye publique Meeting place at Brigham,
where they iointly humbly sought the Lord in praier to unite their
Spirits in Love, they, differing in iudgmt in ye point of Paedo-
baptisme. *
The point has an important bearing upon the use of the
ecclesiastical names of this period, and suggests that
"Independent," at least, was not exclusively the property
of one particular religious body.
Then George Fox speaks of Wilkinson as having "three
parishes under him," but unfortunately the names are not
given. Chancellor Ferguson thinks that Brigham was one,
and that Mosser Chapel and Greysouthen, a few miles to the
south, were the other two.^ It would, however, appear from
what has been advanced that Broughton was one. In
any case the point to be noted is that the places were quite
contiguous to Brigham ; and that, as in the case of James
Cave, this does not sustain the charge of aggravated
Pluralism, which Dr. Wilson brings against the Common-
wealth regime.^
The other, and still more difficult question, is
the relation of John Wilkinson to Brigham, until
the next known Incumbent appears. Chancellor Fergu-
son says that his attendants gradually " dwindled down
to about half-a-dozen " ; that in 1657 " Wilkinson had
some talk with Fox, was convinced, gave up his livings
and became a minister in the Society." * It has already
been stated that there is reason to think that he joined
the Friends before 1657, and whether the person whose
1. MS. Min. Bk. Cock. Ch.
2. Early Friends, etc., 12
3. Vide p. 86.
4. Early Friends, &c., 63, 64.
Brigham 753
name follows was his immediate successor has not been
ascertained.
The Wilkinsons were a local family. In the Cocker-
mouth Registers we get the following, but whether they
relate to the John Wilkinson in question we have no
means of knowing : —
Baptism Margrate the daughter of John Wilkinson of Moser the
12 day 1632.
Burials March 1632-3 the wife of John Wilkinson Seckmurther the
7day.
Thomas Denton, B.A., 1657-8.
This is an entirely new name, and is doubtless that of
the person who appears at Edenhall in 1658, and later at
Crosby Garrett. ^ The authority for fixing him here is
contained in the following : —
Sep. 30, 1658.
Gilbert Layte, one of the children of the Lord whose testimony in
the truth is that those that are in Christ cannot swear at all, to
Hen. Scobell to be read in Council.
Annexing.
1 Mittimus for apprehension of Quakers viz :
Cumberland.
Lancelot ffletcher Esqr one of the Justices of the peace for the
County of Cumberland to the Keeper of the Comon Gaole att Carlile
for the said County & his Dupty Greetinge : I send you heire withall
by the Constables of Brigham And soe from Constable to Constable
the derect way to you att Carlile a fowre said the Body of Mathew
Robinson wthin the said County Yeo. : Brought before me the psent
day. And by Oathes of sufficient witnesses charged wth the wilfull
& Malicious Disturbing & Molesting of Mr. Thomas Denton, Minister
att Brigham wthin the said County upon the sevententh day of
this Instant Janiary being the Lords day in the forenoune of the
same day in the Church att Brigham of his Exercise, to the grett
hindrance of the Gosspell, Molestation & disturbance of the said Mr.
Denton, and the whole Congregacon theere assembled. These are
theirefore in the name of his Highnes the Lord Protector of England
to Require you that upon sight heireof you Resceaue and take the
Body of the said Mathew and in your custody kepp in the said Gaole
safely Keepe theire untill the next Generall Quarter Sessions of the
pece to be houlden for the said County wthout Baile or Maneprise,
1. Vide pp. 443, 1098.
A W
754 The Ejected of 1662
then & theire to be furder pceeded against according to the late Act
of Parlement in that Case pvided, heere of faile not att your pelles
Given under my hand and Seale att Tallentyre wthin the said
County the 18th day of Janiery 1657.
Lancelot Ffietcher. *
John Pierson, or Pearson, M.A., 1661 — 1665.
Doubtless the person referred to in tlie following : —
Haltwhistle in ye
County of Northumb.
John Peirson CI. Admitted the 9th day of ffebr 1658. to the V. of
Haltwhistle in ye County of Northumberland Upon a pres. exhibited
the 12th day of the same Month from the Trustees for Maintenance
of Ministrs. And Certificates from Wm Brisco John Barwis Roland
Nicols Gawin Eaglesfield. 2
He was instituted to Brigham June 27, 1661, being
described as " in Artibus Magrum," and the vacancy is said
to be caused " p Resigacon Edwdi Cookes ult. Incumbt ibm,"
the Patron being George Fletcher.^ Whether Edward Cooke
was still living is not clear; but the statement suggests
that he was, and is important. It is not necessary to
assume that he had returned to his living : for Thomas
Denton and John Wilkinson being Commonwealth ap-
pointments did not count in the Episcopal records.
Edward Cooke would be regarded as last Incumbent even
if he had resigned before Wilkinson's advent. It may
be, however, that he did return to Brigham, for Denton
held the living only a short time. In that case he had
probably been sequestered ; and at the Restoration, being
an old man, would be unequal to the duties of his oflB.ce.
The case is one in which at present a definite pronounce-
ment cannot be made.
Foster gives John Pearson son of "Peter of Bracken-
thorp (sic) [Crackenthorpe ?], Cumberland pleb.. Queen's
Coll., matric. 21 Feb., 1639-40, aged 17; B.A. 28 Nov.,
1644; M.A. 8 July, 1647, Fellow 1648, and expelled, vicar-
of Brigham, Cumberland, 1661, rector of Orton 1665-91,
and perhaps rector of Wigan, Co. Lancaster 1673-89;
1. Cal. S. P. Dom. for 1658-9; also the State Papers themselves.
2. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 999.
3. The Act Book (Chester Registry).
Brigham 755
father of William 1680, and Thomas 1687.1 It is quite
certain that John Pearson of Wigan, subsequently Bishop
of Chester, was an entirely different person. ^ The bap-
tism of William Pearson named above appears in the
Brigham Registers thus : —
1662 William son of Mr. John Pierson vicr Brigha Aug 18th.
The Cockermouth Registers contain the following, but
whether referring to the person in question does not
appear : —
1671 Baptism Ann daughter of ^Ir. John pearson baptized December
ye 19th.
In 1665 he removed to Great Orton.^
John Martin, B.A., 1665 — 1673.
He was ordained Deacon Aug. 17, 1662, Priest Feb. 1,
1662-3, and instituted Nov. 1, 1665, on the same Presenta-
tion. He died in 1673, the following from the Registers
being witness : —
Mr. Jo. Martin late vicar of Brigham was buried June ye 23, 1673.
A person of this name given as M.A. was ordained Priest
Sept. 25, 1670. *
Henry Stephenson, B.A., 1674 — 1705.
He was ordained Deacon, Sept. 21, 1673, Priest, March
15, 1673-4, and instituted June 30, 1674, on the same Pre-
sentation, the vacancy being caused by the death of John
Martin, the last Incumbent. This was the day of the
Bishop's Visitation, and in addition to Stephenson, Edward
Wilson appeared and obtained license as " Sacrista." In
that year Stephenson compounded for his First Fruits.
In 1677 according to the following he married: —
Mr. Henry Stephenson vie. de Brigham & Mrs. Letitia Harrington
were marry ed in the parish Church of Hutton upon Trinity June ye
10. 1677.5
1. AI. Ox.
2. Sinclair's Hist, of Wigan, vol. ii, p. 112.
3. Vide p. 231.
4. Episcopal Register.
5. Brigham Registers.
756 The Ejected of 1662
Her burial took place " ffeb. ye 12th " 1697 ; and that of
her husband " Mr. Henry Stephenson vicar of Brigham,"
on Jan. 21st, 1705. " Mrs. Lettice Stephenson daughter
of ye vicar of Brigham " married " Mr. John Harrison
vicar of Bridekirk " on "Apr. 12, 1705." i The following
Presentments were made in his time : —
Brigham Parish.
The Answer and presentments of the Churchwardens of the sd
parish to the booke of Articles to them exhibited in the ordinary
visitation holden at the parish Church of Egremond May ye 16. 1690.
Tit. 1. Our Church is kept both within and without in such order
and decency, as becometh the house of God, and no Schooll taught
therein we have a font of Stone decently covered, a Communion
table, a Reading desk & pulpit all Conveniently set & placed wth all
things in good order as to wt is comprehended under this Title.
Tit. 2. Our Minister reades the office of Comon prayer morning &
Evening on Sundays & holy days, he weares his surplice whiles he
performes those or other offices mentioned in ye Comon prayer Book,
he Celebrates the Lord's Supper three times in ye year, and is a man
of Civill Life & Conversacon and no way Irregular to the order of the
Church of England.
So yt all things are well. And we have nothing to present to any
Article comprehended under this Title.
Tit. 3. Our parishioners (who hold Common with ye Church of
England) doe duely resort to ye Church upon Sundays for ye most
part and in time of Divine Service & Sermon behave themselves
reverently as is required We know not any yt occupy themselves
unnecessary in ye servile work of their ordinary Callings on Sundays
and have to present to any Article with this Title.
Tit. 4. Our parish Clark doth his duty, was made Choice of by our
Minister, and allowed of & Licensed by ye Bishop.
We have no ffree Schooll in our parish. There is a private Schooll
ye Master whereof was Licensed by ye Bishop. We leave no
physitian or Chyrurgeon in our parish nor any who doth practise as
a Midwife.
Our Churchwardens are yearely chosen in Easter week according to
ye 89 & 90 Canon, and their Sidemen to Assist them for ye due
ordering of ye Church. All things else comprehended under this Title
are well & in good order. So yt we have no further to present.
1. Vide p. 722.
I
I
Brigham 757
To wch Articles we ye Churchwardens have hereunto Subscribed
our hands or marks
Robet ffawcett
Henry Robinson his Mrk X
Peter Dalton his Mrk X
William Allason.'
[Year by year the Presentments are much the same.]
Roger Fleming, 1705 — 1736.
He was instituted April 29, 1705, on the death of
Stephenson; and was the son of Sir Daniel Fleming of
E-ydal. He received his early education at Sedbergh
Grammar School, where his brother, George, afterwards
Sir George Fleming, and Bishop of Carlisle, spent his
early school days. Roger Fleming entered Queen's
College, Oxford, in 1693, matriculating there April 6th
of that year.^ He was previously at Ambleside.^
1. Lancaster Transcripts
2. Sedbergh School Register, p. 101 ; and Foster's Al. Ox.
3. Vide p. 1056.
X. CAMERTON.
This place is about midway between Cockermoutb and
Workington. TheCliurcb is in a quiet valley away from all
bouses; it is dedicated to St. Peter, Tbe Registers com-
mence in 1699. They are well kept and continuous; but
tbey are singularly free from references to the men who
have served here. The County Histories give no assist-
ance in this matter and exceedingly little has been
discovered. The following are the few names brought to
light: —
Nicholas Banks, 1611.
He was previously at Flimby and Gilcrux.^
Richard Simpson, 1618.
The Registers are the authority for this name : —
philip the Sonne of Willm Blenharasset Squire of fflimby was bapt
att fflimby the first day of Maii by Sr. Richard Sympson 1618.
No information respecting Richard Simpson is forth-
coming, and it is necessary to add that the extract just
given is not decisive. The probability, however, is
that he was serving the Curacy.
The following call for insertion here, though unfortu-
nately no name of any "able and learned Curate " tran-
spires until we come to George Roberts. The first two
extracts relate to 1649 : —
Camberton.
The Lessee (duringe the terme) to provide one able and learned
Curate for Administration of ye Sacremente and Sacramentall Rights
in the parish of Camberton att the proper Costes of the Sayde
patricius Curwen. 2
By Sir Patricius Curwen to a preaching Minister out of the Rectory
of Camberton Eighteene pounds &c. 3
1. Vide p. 731.
2. Lambeth MSS., Survey, vol. ii.
3. Ihid.
Camerton 759
ffebruary 17th 1653.
Trustees psent Sr Joh. Thorowgood Mr. Yong Mr. Pocock.
Camerton.
Mr. Challener [moved] in behalfe of Sr. Partricius Curwen of
Workinton Tennt of the tithes of Camerton in the County of
Cumberland that the said Sr. Partricius may be heard before the
Trustees lett the same to any other person his Lease expireing ye
15th day of August next It is ordered that the said Sr. Partricius
may treate with the said Trustees for the said tithes the 23rd day of
August next when the Trustees appoint to treate concerning the same.
J.P.l
Camerton Nov. 30. l-ooi.
Ordered yt ye pishioners of Camerton in ye County of Cumberland
have Liberty to make out ye psent value of ye INIinrs Maintenance of
ye said Church on ye 14th day of Decemb next. 2
In the early part of 1654-5 reference is made " to such
minister as trustees shall appoynt " ; to a petition for
Augmentation upon " putting an able minister to reside
there " ; in March, 1654-5, it is stated that the " Church
is in good repaire" ; and on April 5, 1655, " Mr. Challoner
moves for an allowance to the minister yt served the Cure
till [blank] last. Ord [order] Cert, from ye ministrs wthin ye
County of ye merit of ye minister." In Feb. 1655-6, he
" moves for a minister " and Clerk is to "Search ye list " ;
and at the same time we read — " Settled Mr. Robts
Minister there after approval of the Comrs & let him be
itinerant at Harrington till further order & allow the
whole rent from the time forward from Xmas last first
halfe yeare Midd. next." ^
George Roberts, 1656.
The authority for this will be found in the document
just cited and the following : —
Camerton. The like [Approval] to Mr. George Robert.* of
Camerton in the County of Cumberland Dated at Whitehall ye 7th
day of May 1656.
Jo. Nye Regr. •*
1. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 1005.
2. Ibid., 1008.
3. Ibid., 1021.
4. Ibid., 968.
76o The Ejected of 1662
Under Harrington, which. George Roberts held in con-
junction with Camerton, further information respecting
him will be found. ^
Jeeemiah Topping, 1676.
In the Will of Isabella Curwen of Camerton, dated
March 23, 1676, Jeremiah Topping appears attesting, and
is called *' Curat of Camerton " ; but the Episcopal Register
gives Mar. 13, 1684, as the date when he was licensed as
such. He also held the Harrington living and the reader
is referred to the account of that place for additional
information. 2
Peter Gregory, B.A., 1696.
For some time he appears to have had charge of
Camerton along with Cockermouth,^
— Lumley, 1703.
Bishop Nicolson, writing under date 1703, says : —
The Situation of this Church is at such a distance from all the
parishioners, and the Melancholic Indisposition of the present Curate
(Mr. Lumley) so great, that their Congregations are commonly very
thin ; the' there are not many constant dissenters in the parish. 4
The following items of interest are taken from the
Registers : —
The names of strangers who have preached at Camerton.
Imps. Mr. Barrow an Itinerant Feb 22. 1690.
Mr. Rouse post Comitia Carliel.
Mr. Gregory of Cockermouth March ye 3. 91.
Mr. Rigby Schoolmr March ye 22ind being good friday 1691.
1700 Grace Pearson of Dearum buried the fourteenth of December
Mr. Mourthwait ye Funl. Serm.
Jonathan Harrison of Ribton buried the twenty fifth day of Nov-
ember Mr. King — the Funeral Sermon &c.
1700 26 of November A sermon preach'd by Mr. Ogle vicar of Abbey
Holm at death of Robt. Harrison of Flemby.
1743 Eellen daughter of Irish Paddy (Patrick) Dougharty baptized
Sepr ye 11.
I
1. Vide p. 792.
2. Vide p. 795.
3. Vide p. 703.
4. Miscel., p. 85.
XI. DEAN.
Dean is about five miles south east of Cockermoutli, tlie
nearest station being Branthwaite about a mile away. The
Church is dedicated to St. Oswald, and the Registers begin
in 1542. They are beautifully written, though faded
somewhat in places, and a gap occurs between 1625 and
1657. The County Histories do not help us with any list
of Incumbents; but the following, which is fairly com-
plete, has been recovered : —
Thos. Lythes, 1589. /
Lancelot Fletcher, 1593 — 1635.
Miles Tarn, Rector from 1750 to 1795, constructed an
Incumbent list beginning with a Lancelot Fletcher, in
reference to whom he says : —
The Begister kept in his time is not now legible in many places,
but it appears that he or one of the same name was Rector in 1546
and till the year 1635, when he died and was succeeded by his son of
the same name.
In reference to this, Archdeacon Sherwen, the present
Rector, who is keenly interested in archaeological studies,
and to whom I am indebted for much kindness, says : —
I am disposed to think that this conclusion of Rector Miles Tarn is
doubtful. It seems to me that the entries- on the first thirteen leaves
of the oldest Register are a copy from an older Register still (vetere
Charta) and that Lancelot Fletcher signed his name on each leaf
together with the Copyist and Churchwarden, as attesting the correct-
ness of the copy, and therefore his signature is no proof of his being
Rector at the time when the various Offices entered in those leaves
were performed. Considering this, I think that, while it seems most
improbable that one Lancelot Fletcher was Rector from 1546 to 1635,
there is no proof that two of the same name were consecutive Rectors
from 1546 to 1635 when Lancelot Fletcher became Rector.
This criticism is perfectly just. The signature of
Lancelot Fletcher would merely attest the correctness of
the copy, and is not to be regarded as an indication of
his possession of the living during the years with which
762 ' The Ejected of 1662
the entries are concerned ; but the criticism does not allow
for two persons of this name, as E-ectors of Dean in
succession, which was actually the case. The Lancelot
Fletcher whose signature appears against these early
entries was instituted '' 19 May, 35 Eliz." ^ In
the Will of John Lamplugh of Lamplugh, dated
March 18, 1603, mention is made of " Lancelot ffletcher
parson of Deane," and " Thomas Brownrigg parson of
Moresbye." Sir Thomas Lamplugh of Dovenby also, in
his Will, dated June 7, 1631, which was proved at London
Feb. 17, 1634, speaks of " my house and Garth at Cocker-
mouth with their appurtenances which I purchased of
Lancelote ffletcher Parson of Deane." It appears that
he held Dean in Plurality with Lamplugh at least for
some time. He died in 1635 ; but as that is the period in
which a break occurs in the Dean Registers his burial
entry cannot be found there. The Lamplugh Registers,
however, supply the lack, and state that he was buried at
Dean. It would appear that he lived at Dean and had a
Curate to assist.
Lancelot Fletcher, 1635 — 1663.
He was instituted Aug. 28, 1635, on a Presentation by
William ffothergill, "hac vice Patron." He was appointed
to Plumbland in 1628,"^ and that living he held along
with Dean for a certain period. In pursuit of their policy
in relation to Pluralism the Parliamentary Committee
called upon him to surrender one of his livings, the choice
to be left with himself. Having decided for Dean he
was not further disturbed until his death in 1663. The
following document relates to the matter: —
Deane ffebruarie 23. 1646.
Moresby Upon Informacon that Lanclote ffletcher is Incumbent of
Acton & Deane & of Plumbland & Edward ffletcher is Incumbent
Ousby. of Moresby & of Distington and Mr. Sharpies is Incumbent
of Acton & of Croglin & Mr. Milbome is Incumbent of
Ousby & of Slcelton all wch benefices are in ye
Cotmtie of Cumberland & evry one of them have Cure of Soules
1. Act. Book (Chester Registry).
2. Vide p. 584.
Dean 763
This Comittee doe referre the exainaons thereof to the Comittee
of pliamt for the said Countie or any 3 of them now are desired to
examine the truth thereof calling before them & p'curinge pties &
witnesses on both sides therein Concerned & to hear what cause each
of the said Ministers can respectivelie shewe why one of his said
benefices should not be sequestred from him And in Case it shall
appeare that each of the said Ministers hath plurahtie of benefices to
give a fortnights tyme to each of them respectivelie to make his
eleccon wch of his said respective benefices he will adhere unto &
wch he will relinquish & to Certitie the same to this Comitee.'
His burial entry is thus given in the Registers : — ■
1663 Mr. Lancelot ffletcher Rector of Deane died the seaventh of
ffebr and was buried in the Chancell the ninth day of ye sd Month.
The " Inventory of the Goods of Mr. Lancelot fl&etcher
Rector of Deane late deceased" is dated Feb. 25, 1663.
It was in his day that the Quaker, Thomas Stubbs,
visited Dean, of which event we have the following
account : —
Anno. 1654. Thomas Stubbs was concerned to go into the Steeple-
house at Deane, where, when the Priest had done he said, Thou
daubest the People ti'p with untempered Mortar; whereupon the Priest
bid his Hearers fight for the Gospel; they fell violently upon Stubbs
and some of his Friends, tore their Clothes, and beat them cruelly.
The Priest's Son in particular sorely bruised the Face of Richard
Richardson. After which two Justices sent Stubbs to Prison, but
conscious of the Wrong they did him, writ his Mittimus and Discharge
both on one Paper; this furnished the Gaoler with a Claim for Fees,
under Pretence of which he kept him fourteen Weeks in Prison. 2
A vigorous attempt was made to secure the living for
John Studdert, with whom we have previously met at
Crosthwaite. The correspondence here appended is
extremely interesting. John Studdert was an adept at
flattery, but neither at Crosthwaite nor at Dean does it
appear to have won him success : —
Honob. Sir. K. Kendall 8 ffeb. 1663.
My service prmised &c Yor Sister here is verie well I p'sume her
husband when he was att London would give thanks for that kind
and liberall token you sent her by me the last time I was wth you.
Sir the minister att Dean in Cumberland is verie aged and his
1. Bodl. MS., 324.
2. Besse's " Sufferiags of the Quakers," vol. i, p. 127.
764 The Ejected of 1662
dissolution dailie looked for ; I have a Sonne in lawe by name Mr.
John Studdert (a man ptilie knowne to yor selfe) is a minister one yt
Contended for Crosthwait but was overpower'd by the Bushopp. At
psent he Supplys no place but seeing hee hath putt his hands to the
plough I would not have him to draw it back. 1 understand that the
Lord Wharton (one who I hear you are conversant wth) hathe the
Advowson thereof I shall therefore earnestly intreat you to engage my
lord Wharton to Lett him have that place And what you think anie
waie fitt to be done by or for my Sonne : I will see it pformed And
you requited. So soone as yr more urgent occasions give leave ; he
Beggs yor Answer, who is, Sir,
Yor Servant
Thorn. Sandes
Sir Since I writt this lettr I hear the incumbent att Dean is dead ;
therefore once more lett me intreat you upon receipt to Close wth my
Lord and what you do agree of shalbe pformed who (considering a
ministers oath) maie better do it then my Sonne in Lawe from whom
I prsume you will this post have a lettr faille not him who will not
ffaile to see you requited And who is as yet Sir
Yor unacquainted Sert.
Tho : Sandes
The letter is thus endorsed : —
ffor Joseph Williamson att his Chamber in Whitehall London.
Thos. Sandys.
R. [received] 19 Feb. 1663/4
Minister at Dean Cumbld.
Dead."
John Studdert's own letter is as follows : —
Sr.
You live in ye region of Petitions (a motive for my boldness) &
suitably to your reception of them, ye weather, wth your necessitous
Adressors is fair, or lowring ; To want, is ye propty of a man ; to
conceall those wants (a vertue, but unindowed) of a modest man ; to
Supply ym of a Deity ; to whose Similitude your nearness unto a
terrestriall one has conformed you; and 'tis not Complement but
experience yt urges my mention of your beneficence.
That Cumberland is but a dry Nurse to her own Children is evident
from many instances : but eminently from yor absence. How few are
ye examples of greatness from her single nourishment. And though
it were too ghastly a Character (especially from mee) to say yt many
of her natives are less benigne yn her Clime ; yet this is a certain
truth (hinting att mine owne calling and psent business) yt ye Piety
of our Predecesrs built altars but strangers devour ye fatt of their
Sacrifices ; of Some Scores of genialls capable of her warmest lodgings,
1. S. P .Dom., Car. ii, vol. 92, fol. 50.
Dean 765
not above 4 (to my knowledg) prferred in it. However your beams
can thaw ye icy pts and tempers in itt rendering ye first subservient
to your Country men's needs and ye other more susceptible of
naturall Choices. Not to molest you in your more important con-
cerns ; Mr. Fletcher (late parson of Dean) is Dead ye 8th of this
Month wch parsonage lyes contiguous to ye place of my nativity, and
psent residence.
Now I am informed yt ye Advowson belongs to my Lord Wharton :
with whom (since ye Coronation Day) I am assured you are intimate ;
wch if you would please to mannage for my behoof in pcuring mee a
psentation my returns should not only bee verball ; though such
Kindness will (as upon any ingenious nature it would) leave ye same
regret upon mee yt Caesars kindness did upon ffurnius wn hee told
him hanc unam tuam Caesar habeo injuriam effecisti ut (laute) viverim,
et morerer ingratus.
You see (Sir) wt quiet Doores wee have in ye Country yt can
wthout avocation write such long letters; In answer whereunto 2
lines of yrs (like yt persian gimimy exudation whose smallest pt
Countervails ye greatest prsents) speedily Directed to my father
Sandes at Kendall will equally gratify and honnour A Servt to yor
ptes as well as fortunes.
John Studdert.
Febr ye 13th.
For
Joseph Williamson Esq
at his Lodgings
in Whitehall
London,
these are
John send this p. first post you come to in the Road
yors
Fr.
13 Feb. 1663-4. R. 22.
Jo. Studdert
Deane Pareonage.^
As already stated the appeal was not successful, and what
became of John Studdert is not known.^
Thomas Pickard, M.A., 1664—1679.
He was accepted as Deacon by the Archbishop of York
Aug. IT, 1662, ordained Priest same day and instituted
1. S. P. Dom., Car. ii, vol. 92, fol. 81.
2. Vide p. 654.
766 The Ejected of 1662
June 10, 1664, on a Presentation by Lord Wharton. Tlie
Registers give the following after a baptismal entry of Oct.
27, 1664: —
Here beginneth the Register of Thomas Pickarde Rector of Deane
and Successor of Lancelot ffletcher.
He had previously been at Howden, and his letter
accepting Lord Wharton's offer of the living is as follows :
My Lord
The P'fer of this & ye reserving thereof makes me observe Pvidence
yet extended towards me in yt your honrable favours are not all
desposed of & so freely offered to me : God will (I hope) make me
as gratefull to yr Ldshippe as servicable in yt Chrch, as I am willing
to accept thereof : jNJy Lord as the case stands I am not only satisfyed
concerning removeing but something constrained to it, because of
Churchmen as they call themselves : ye matter I. hope your Lordshpp
will pdon if I relate not : yet suspension for p'eaching twice dayly
is threatened me & others : I know not how long God will pmitt it :
This I take as a refuge pfered me, I may have cause to repent too
late should I suspend it : seeing yor honr Thinkes me worthy of this
patronage, I feare not God's blessing seconding of it : I know it will
be my setlemt & I hope for your hours satisfaction & ye good of The
people. I am resolved therefore to give up my selfe to yr Hours
Service & Gods, ceaseing not to pray for yor Ldships health &
happiness wth your Good Ladyes &c I shall Humbly devote my
selfe to be at your Ldsh disposing expecting your mission wch I
shall thankfully receive from your Honr & I hope faithfully improve
to God's glory & his peoples good there while I jun his poore & weak
steward & your hours Humbly devoted
Thomas Pickard.
Howden March 14. '63.
Ye Bishop of York is dangerously affected though not so sick yet
forerunning death as is supposed a rub is turned to a wound & a
wound to a gangreen, but he will not goe halting or Lame from
hence — he will not loose his limbs though a foot only : I pray God
yt after his departure such another succeed for piety & moderation
its in Gods hands ; had he not Curbed Some ye pursuit would have
been hot.
[Endorsed] :
14 March. 63.
Mr. Pickard
Will accept of Deane. ^
1. Rawl. MSS. Letters, 104 (Bodleian Library).
Dean ' 767
Thomas Pickard appeared before the Bishop at his
Visitation June 30, 16T4, along with John Noble "Liidima-
gister " and Thos. Bell, Parish Clerk. His burial entry is
thus given : —
1679 Thomas Pickard late rector of the Parish (Church) of Deane
sepultus Decimo die Aprilis aged 42 Anns.
Daniel Pinner, M.A., 1679—1690.
He was instituted Oct. 9, 1679, on the same Presenta-
tion as the previous one.^ Foster has the following: —
"Magdalen Hall, matric. 22 July, 1658, rector of Tels-
combe, Sussex, 1664 (as Pyner), and perhaps rector of
Dean, Cumberland, 1679-88, as Pinner."- Bishop Cart-
wright, writing on Dec. 6, 1686, says that he has granted
" a dispensation for non residence of Daniel Pinner,
rector of Dean in Cumberland, because he was in a con-
sumption." ^
The E-egisters give him as successor to Thomas Pickard.
Anthony Procter, A.B„ 1690 — 1705.
He was from Eavenstonedale ; and the Registers say
that he was instituted March 19, 1690, and inducted on
the 26th of the same month. It is curious to find that
an effort was made to secure the living for " young Mr.
Proctor," also Anthony, Master of Kirkby Stephen Free
School, and the commendatory letter of Samuel Shaw,
Vicar of Kirkby Stephen, is here appended : —
Kirkby Stephen
Right Hnble. March 7. 86.
I have made bold to trouble yr Lopp with 2 lines by way of
Recomendation in ye behalfe of young INIr. Proctor Mr. of our Free
Schoole. Of whom I have had now psonall knowledge, for ye space
of 5 years & upwards, & have observed him to be a pson of a verie
Sober & good conversation; Charitable to ye poor & a moderat
Conformist. He is INIr. of Arts & a good preacher ; hopef ull to doe
much good in ye work of ye ^linistry wher ever his lot shall fall.
He hath given generall satisfaction in ye office of a Schoolmr ; & 1
doubt not but he will doe soe, in ye higher office of ye ^linistry. If
therefore ye Parsonage of Deane should be vacant, through my
1. Institution and Act Books (Chester Registry).
2. AI. Ox.
3. Diary of Bishop Cartwriglit (Camden Society, 0. S., vol. 22), p. 16.
768 The Ejected of 1662
Brother Pinnr's resignacon not returning to ye place ; I think yor
Lopp. might doe God & the People good service; if you please to
conferr it upon him. I pceive by lettrs that I have seen, that his
Setlemt among them would be Candidly accepted, by the Graver &
bettr sort of ye people. I have not farther to enlarge, Saveing only
that I beg yr pdon for this trouble; heartily prayeing for yor
Hour's health & the welfare of yr Noble posterity. My Lord I am
Yor Lopps most Thankfull &
most Hmble Sert. Sa : Shaw.
[Endorsed] :
7th March 1686.
From Mr. Shaw.
in behalf of young Mr. Proctor.'
The reader will find a full account of him and other
memhers of the Procter family under Ravenstonedale.^
The Registers give the following : —
Mrs. Procter buried 22 Aprill 1701.
Burials An. Dom. 1705. March 29th Mr. Anthony Procter Rector
of D[eane torn off].
It appears that about this time Peter Gregory of Cocker-
mouth was very anxious to obtain the Dean living; but
he did not succeed in his endeavour.^
John Dalton, 1705—1712.
He was instituted Aug. 24, 1705, on the Presentation
of " Dmus Thos. Wharton." He was the grandson of
John Dalton of Shap, to the account of which place the
reader is invited to turn for additional information. He
subsequently became Rector of Distington and then of
Trinity Church, Whitehaven.*
William Ponsonby, M.A., 1712—1750.
He was the son of John Ponsonby of Haile, matriculated
Queen's College, Oxford, July 11, 1701, at the age of 17,
1. Rawl. MSS., Letters 104 (Bodleian Library).
2. Vide p. 1107.
3. Vide p. 557.
4. Vide p. 804.
Dean 769
and graduated B.A. Jan. 29, 1706-7, and M.A. in 1708.^
Under date Aug. 4, 1712, Bishop Nicolson refers to
Ponsonby returning "wth Ld Whs" presentation to Dean.^
His Induction took place on Aug. 12, 1712, and he died in
1750. His burial entry reads thus: —
Buried 1750 April 17th The Kevd. Mr. Wm. Ponsonby Rector of
Deane.
1. Al. Ox.
2. Trans. (N. S.), vol. iv, p. 59.
A X
XII. LAMPLUGn.
Lamplugli is a few miles south of Dean and a couple of
miles from Lamplugli Station. The Church is dedicated to
St. Michael and the first date in the Eegisters is October,
1582. In another place is the following: —
Contayning the names of those that were Babtised married Buryed
in the parish of Lamplugh from the yeare of our Lord 1567.
None of these early entries, however, were discovered.
The oldest Register Book is of parchment; manifestly
some of the leaves have gone, and the one outside is not
decipherable; but the writing is quite clear on the next.
Many of the later pages are completely faded, but the
earlier ones are fairly distinct. The Historians do not
help us with any list of Incumbents but the following
names have been discovered : —
John Moorhouse, 1592.
He is called " preacher " in the following entries : —
1592 James Morhouse the son of Mr. Morhouse preacher the xvij of
May [Baptism (?)].
Buryed 1592 Jonathan storehouse the son of Air. John Morehouse
preacher the xxij of June.
It is not certain that he should be reckoned among the
Rectors of this place ; but the name is worth insertion.
Tristram Warwick, 1595.
This was the year of his death as the following from the
Registers shows : —
Buried 1595 Mr. Tristram Warwick parson of Lamplugh the 28 of
februarij. Thus farre continueth the regester duringe the tyme of
Mr. Tristram Warwick parson of Lamplugh & wth his death ended
the yeare 1595.
Lancelot Fletcher, 1596 — 1635.
The Registers give the following : —
The register since the death of Tristram Warwick in the tyme of
Lancelot ffletcher parson of Lamplugh next succedinge the aforesaid
Tristram. And it beginneth with the yeare of oure Lord 1596.
In the account of Dean ^ it was shown that Lancelot
Fletcher held the two livings in Plurality. The Curate
1. Vide p. 761.
Lamplugh 771
who served him, at least for some part of this time, was
Robert Pearson, whose burial entry in the Registers is
noted thus : —
1629
The Register since the death of Sr Robert Pearson late Curate at
Lamplugh buried at Bridkirke the 14th of Februarie Containing the
names of all those that were baptized married and buried eare since
1629. written by me
Pickerings Hewer.
Lancelot Fletcher's burial entry is as follows : —
1635 Memd that Mr. ffletcher Rector of Lamp dyed the 16th day of
July and was buried the 27th at dean.
John Beaithwaite, 1635 — 1652.
He was instituted Aug. 16, 1635, on a Presentation by
the King. The Braithwaites were numerous in Cumber-
land and Westmorland, and Foster gives quite a number
of this name among his Oxford Alumni. He has John
Braithwaite, son of William of Kendal who matriculated
at Queen's College, Oxford, Nov. 4, 1631, at the age of 18.
The date and age would permit of his being at Lamplugh
in 1635;^ but whether the two are identical we have no
means of knowing. The Registers give the following
respecting his daughter: —
Elizabeth the daughter of Mr. John Braithwaite Rector of Lamp-
lughe baptized the Eight day of October [1637].
In a declaration by " Jane Pattrickson late daughter of
Wm Pattrickson of Stockhow in the parish of Lamplugh,"
made Jan. 27, 1647, is the following: —
Paid unto Mr. Braithwaite Parson of Lamplugh 0 — 19 — 2.
The Registers note his burial in the following terms : —
John Braithwaite Rector of Lamplugh died the 8 of ffebruarie and
was buried in the Chancell of Lamplugh Church the 10 day of the
same month he entered to this psonage in August 1635 after the death
of Mr. Lanclote ffletcher late pson (1652).
The following from the Registers of this period is
interesting : —
Mr. Roger Kirbie of Kerbee in ffurnace departed this life upon
Thursdye being Novemb 2. 1643 betwixt 2 and 3 of the clocke in the
afternoone and was buried at Lamplugh Church upon the third daie
about seven of the clocke at night God send him a ioyfuil
resurrection.
1. AI. Ox.
772 The Ejected of 1662
Roger Kirkby's eldest daughter, Jane, was the wife of
Col. John Lamplugh, then head of the Lamplugh family.
He was " a Cavalier officer, wounded and taken prisoner
at Marston Moor." Roger Kirkby's sister was mother to
Sir Daniel Fleming. His presence and burial at Lamp-
lugh are accounted for by the family relationship.^
Philip Boath, 1654.
Among others witnessing the marriage of John Lamp-
lugh, on Nov. 14, 1654, are Pickering Hewer, who figures
prominently about this time and was probably Parish
Clerk, and Philip Boath " Cler." Nothing is known
about him beyond that solitary fact.
Comfort Stake, 1655.
The evidence for this is somewhat slender. In the
documents immediately following he appears as one of
John Forward's certifiers and is said to be of Lamplugh;
and Gervase Benson, writing in 1656, of Quakers who had
suffered, mentions "Comfort Starre of Lamplugh Parish. "2
If he held this living it must have been for a short time.
John Forward, 1655-6.
His Presentation to this living is given in the following :
Lamplugh
John ff or ward.
Know all men by these presents That the Pres. 30 Jan 1655
Sixth day of ffebruary in the yeare 1655 There
was exhibited to ye Comissionrs for Approbation Jo fforward Cert,
of Publique Preachers A psentacon of Mr. John as aforsd by
fforward to ye Rectory of Lamplugh in the
County of Cumberland Made to him by his Tho. Craister
Highnesse Oliver Lord Protector of ye Comon Cuth. Studholme
Wealth of England &c ye patron thereof under Rich. Gilpin
his Seal Manuall Together &c. said John fforward of Greystock
&c. approved the said John fforward to be a fit Geo. Larkham of
&c. doe admitt the said John fforward to the Cockermouth
Rectory of Lamplugh &c. possessor and Incum- Comf . Starr of
bent &c. Lamplugh.
In witnesse &c. Jo. Myriell of
Dated at Whitehall the sixth day of ffebruary Torpenhow. 3
1655. ?ffr
1. The Flemings in Oxford, by Dr. Magrath, p. 5, note 9.
2. Vide p. 597 and note 4.
3. Lambeth MSS. (Plund. Min.), 99'6.
Lamplugh "j^jt^
John Forward could have held the living only a very
short time; and he appears subsequently at Boltongate.^
Previously he had been at Bassenthwaite.
John Myriell, 1656 — 1660.
He was previously' at Torpenhow, in the account of
which place the reader will find further information
respecting him. ^ It appears that he was at Lamplugh in
1656, and so would be John Forward's immediate succes-
sor. He compounded for his First Fruits in 1657 as the
following shows : —
Cumland.
R. Lamplugh. August 1657.
Bound John Wood of Cockermouth ifirst ffebr 1657 ixZi iiijs '\d ob.
in the County of Cumbland gent, and flfirst Aug 1658
Nathaniel Overton of Westmr in ye ffirst ffebr 1658
County of Midds gent.
ffor John Merriol el.*
The Registers have the following entries relating to
him : —
Chrestenings 1658.
John the Sonne of John Myriell R. of Lamplugh and jane his wife
[borne] the 3 day of aprill and baptized the Eleaventh day of the said
month.
Januarie the 30th 1659.
Collected in the Church and pishe of Lamplugh for the releife of
the destressed Inhabitants of Southwark (?) the sume of Eleaven
Shillings and three pence halfe pennie as Witnes or hands
Jo. Myriell Ministr of Lam.
Jo. Sampson Churchwardens.
Wm. Harrison
Walther Jackson.
1. Vide p. 565.
2. Vide p. 672.
3. Vide p. 580.
4. Comp. Books, No. 22 (Record Office).
774 The Ejected of 1662
At this time the Church was in a most dilapidated condi-
tion as the following shows : —
1657 Pickering Hewer. [This by a late hand.]
Memorand.
That this yeare aboue written the pishe Church of this Lamplugh
was growne in such ruine and decay both in Timber and Walls that
the pishioners was glad to take all the tymber downe and most of
the walles and build it up againe upon their Charges it being Soe
good a work I thought good for my Credit and the Satesffaction of
those that knowes not the same to Register it 1658.
Pick, [the rest is torn away].^
Palmer puts among those who afterwards conformed
" Mr. John Michael or Myriel of Lampley the Seat of Mr.
Lampley." ^ Calamy, however, who is often to be pre-
ferred to Palmer, though the work of the latter is intended
to be Calamy " abridged, corrected and methodised," in
his Second Edition (1713), very properly says that he has
left out " Mr. John Michael or Myriel of Lamplugh,"
who like George Yates of Ainstable and Forward of
Bolton "conformed." ^ That was the correct thing to do,
as there is no evidence that Myriell did other than accept
the new state of things which the Restoration brought in.
John Myriell died in 1660 as the following from the
Registers testifies : —
1660 John Myriell Rector of Lamplugh buried att London ( ?) the
sixth day of August.
A query is put against the name of the place of burial.
The writing is extremely difficult to decipher, and it is
just possible that it may have been Lorton ; but it looks
much more like London. The entry is most important,
because it practically disposes of the idea that John
Myriell was ejected and afterwards conformed. The
death occurred shortly after the Restoration and there
was no sequestered Incumbent to claim the living.
The following letter from Dr. Thomas Lamplugh con-
tains many interesting items, though it seems to conflict
1. Parish Registers.
2. Non. Mem., vol. i, p. 391.
3. Calamy, vol. ii, p. 161.
Lamplugh 775
a little with the position here assumed. The intruder
must surely have been John Myriell whose voluntary
resignation paved the way for George Lamplugh. The
writer evidently did not know of his death at the time of
writing.
My dear Joseph,
Yors I reed last night, & his Maties speech inclosed, for wch 1
kindly thank you ; & you shall lay an obligacon upon me by intellig-
ence of ye same kind. C. Harrison is now gone with Andrew & Mrs.
Betty Pettiplace, to Newham in Hantshire, so I could not send you
his Tickett for ye Caution ( ?) but you shall receiv it att his return.
No newes here but yt Tim Halton is making new his chamber (yt
wch is yet Mr. Smithes) glorious (?) windowes & other ornamts about
us stately to behold. Barnaby Simpson is gone towards ye North by
himself. Dick Garth is yet unpvided for, & much discontented.
Jack Beeby is to pte with Bray, ye Bpp has Conferred it upon Dr.
Fullam, who resignes Hampton pool to ye Bps son of New Coll : to
keep with his felloweshipp. The greatest pte of friend.shipp is interest
I will endeavour to p'cure hunny (?) for Beeby if it may be had
without bustling. George Lamplugh has a psentacon to Lamplugh, ye
Jntruder has willingly resigned up his right to him. Pray enquire
who is Bp of Chester, or who is Vicar genall for ye Province of
Yorke, yt so we may make some application for Institucon & Induc-
tion. I have tyred you with these imp[er]tenencies, no more of them
but only yt I am
Yors. T. L.
7.4. 60 [Sept 4. 1660 in pencil.]
Mr. Lampl.
7ber 4th.
For my very loveing friend
Mr. Joseph Williamson with Mr.
Secretary Nicholais Ldginge in
Whitehall
these.'
[This is a wretched hand and the badness of the pen does not assist
in the work of deciphering.]
George Lamplugh, M.A., 1660 — 1700.
He was ordained Priest by Robt. Oxon. April 11, 1660,
and accepted by the Archbishop of York Nov. 14. 1660.
I. S. P. Dom., Car. ii, vol. 14, fol. 25.
776 The Ejected of 1662
The Registers again come to our assistance and give the
following : —
December the 9 1660.
The day and yeare aboue written Geo. Lamplugh Master of Arts
and Rector of the pishe of Lamplugh according to the Tenour of his
Induction reade the 39 Articles of the Church of England.
In witness whereof wee have subscribed our names
John Lamplugh
Jos Patterson
Edward Lamplugh
Pickering Hewer
Jo. Simpson
Mathew Jackson
Wm. Harrison
Churchwardens.
George Lamplugh was probably the person of that
name whom Foster represents as matriculating at Queen's
Dec. 9, 1650, graduating B.A, June 17, 1654, and M.A.
April 21, 1657. He compounded for his First Fruits in
1661; and held the living for 40 years; his burial entry
is as follows : —
1700. Mr. George Lamplugh Minister of Lamplugh died the 13 of
June was Buried the 20 of the same mouth and entered of his
parsonage in November 1660.
His Will is dated April 30, 1700. The Registers give a
George Lamplugh, son of Richard Lamplugh, baptized
Jan. 23, 1592, and buried March 20, 1639. Reference
also is made in them to George Lamplugh, Yicar of Work-
ington, to the account of which place the reader is invited
to turn.^ In the Registers of St. Mary's, Carlisle, is a
notice of the burial of John " ye son of Mr. Geo. Lamp-
lugh " on Feb. 1, 1708-9. Possibly all these were more
or less related.
Jeffrey Wyburgh, LL.B., 1700.
He was instituted Nov. 30, 1700, on the Presentation of
Thomas Lamplugh "Ar." He had been previously at
Bewcastle, and was subsequently at Caldbeck.^
1. Vide p. 786.
2. Vide pp. 294, 553.
I
Lamplugh ^'^'j
David King, M.A., 1701—1729/30.
He was instituted May 16, 1701, on tlie same Presenta-
tion. The Registers give us the following respecting
him : —
Junij 6. 1701.
David King, M.A. Inducted into the Rectory aetat. suae complet
55mo. & Institutionis jmo Soli Deo. gloria amen.
Mr. David King Rectr of Lamplugh Dyed February the 23d Day
1729 — 30 was Buried the 25 of the same month. Who was Instituted
into this Rectory June ye 6. 1701.
His wife died April 7, 1711. He had previously held
the Bridekirk living.
1
1. Vide p. 722.
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